Transformation guidelines of geographical names from foreign languages into Chinese --Spanish
Some standard content:
GB/T17693.5-1999
Standardization of the Chinese translation of Spanish place names is an important part of place name standardization. This standard is formulated to achieve the unification and standardization of the Chinese translation of place names and promote the exchange of science and culture at home and abroad. This standard is revised on the basis of the "Rules for the Chinese Translation of Spanish Place Names" formulated by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping. The series of national standards for the "Guidelines for the Chinese Translation of Foreign Place Names" include the following parts: Part 1: English;
Part 2: French;
Part 3: German;
Part 4: Russian;
Part 5: Spanish;
Part 6: Arabic;
This standard is Part 5: Spanish.
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are both appendices to the standard. From the date of implementation of this standard, the original "Rules for the Chinese Translation of Spanish Place Names" will be automatically abolished. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for the Standardization of Geographical Names. This standard was drafted by the Institute of Geographical Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and was drafted by the Institute of Geographical Names of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, China Cartographic Publishing House, Xinhua News Agency Reference News Editorial Department, and the General Staff Mapping Bureau. The main drafters of this standard are Bai Wenxiang, Wang Jitong, Zhang Yanling, Fan Guiying, Wang Shuzang, Zhang Wei, and Zhao Xiaoyang. This standard is interpreted by the National Technical Committee for the Standardization of Geographical Names. 415
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Guidelines for the Transformation of Geographical Names from Foreign Languages into Chinese Characters
Spanish
Transfoumation guidelines of geographical names from foreign languages into ChtneseSpanish
This standard specifies the rules for the transliteration of Spanish geographical names into Chinese characters. This standard applies to the transliteration of Spanish geographical names into Chinese characters. 2 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
2.1 Geographical names
Names given to geographical entities by people. 2.2 Specific temms
Words used to distinguish geographical entities in geographical names. 2.3 Generic terms
Words used to distinguish categories of geographical entities in geographical names. 2.4 Generic terms transformed as specific temms Generic terms that have been transformed into specific terms.
GB/T 17693.5—1999
2.5 Transformation of geographical names from foreign languages into Chinese Transforming geographical names in other languages into Chinese characters.
3 General principles
3.1 Specific geographical names are generally transliterated; generic geographical names are generally translated. 3.2 The Chinese characters used in the translation of names and place names named after common names (see Appendix A) shall continue to be used: the place names derived from them shall, in principle, be translated in the same way as the names. 3.3 The translation of place names shall adopt the standard place names in the official maps, place name directories, place name dictionaries, place name annals and other documents published by the country. 3.4 The Chinese characters used in the translation of place names shall be based on the Chinese characters selected in Table 1 Spanish-Chinese transliteration table. 4 Details
4.1 Place names
4.1.1 General transliteration of proper names (including proper nouns). For example: Cordoba
Granada
Rfo Grande
Monte Alegre
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on March 4, 1999 416
Translated as "Cordoba"
Translated as "Granada"
Translated as "Rio Grande"
Translated as "Monte Alegre"
1999-09-01 Selling and applying
4.1.2 Translation of proper nouns named after people
GB/T 17693.5—1999
4.1.2.1 For proper nouns named after people with titles, the titles are translated literally. For example: Lago Presidente Rios
General San Martin
Translated as "President Rios Lake"
Translated as "General San Martin Town"
4.1.2.2 For proper names named after people, dots "." are added between the parts of the name. For example: Fortin Carlos Antonio Lopez
Ciudad Miguel Alemin
4.1.3 For proper names with certain meaning or too long to be transliterated. For example: Bahia de Independencia
Jardines de la Reina
Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego4.1.4 For proper names named after numbers or dates. For example: El Cincuenta y Ocho
Treinta y Tres
Puerto Dos de Mayo
translation: "Carlos Antonio Lopez Castle"
translation: "Miguel Aleman City"
translation: "Independence Bay"
translation: "Queen's Garden Islands"
translation: "Tierra del Fuego"
translation: "Fifty-eight Towns"
translation: "Thirty-three People City"
translation: "May 2 Port"
4.1.5 Proper names that clearly reflect the characteristics of geographical entities are translated in a free way. For example: Isla Larga
Ilas de Barlovento
Ialas de Sotavento
translation: "Long Island"
translation: "Windward Islands"
translation: "Leeward Islands"
4.1.6 Words that modify proper names (such as those indicating size, direction, new and old, etc.) are translated in a free way. For example: Algameca Grande
Algameca Chica
Translated as "Big Algameca"
Translated as "Little Algameca"
4.1.7 Directional words that modify the names of administrative regions and common names of natural geographical entities (islands, reefs, corners). For example: Central Departamento
Cayo del Narte
Punta del Fste
Canal Oeste
Translated as "Central Province"
Translated as "North Island"
Translated as "Eastern Cape"
Translated as "Cosi Haidie"
4.1.8 Transliteration of articles and prepositions in the proper noun part. When the name is too demonic; and before the wandering volume, such as avoiding floating symbols "? 。 For example: \Los Blancos
Almaden de la Plata
Benalia de las Villas
El Barranco de los Loboe
El Puente del Arzobispo
translated as "Los Blancos"
translated as "Almaden de la Plata"
translated as "Benalua de las Villas"
translated as "El Barranco de Gesgesvos"'translated as "El Puente del Arzobispo" 4.1.9 The conjunction y or e in a proper noun is indicated by a hyphen "". For example: Calera y Chozas
Canal de Aragon y Catalunia
Archipielago de San Andres y Providencia translated as “Calera y Chozas”
translated as “Aragon-Catalonia Canal”
translated as “Archipielago of San Andres and Providencia” 4.1.10 Conjunctions in proper names. When connecting the proper name and the adverbial name, the adverbial name is enclosed in round brackets. For example: Cerro San Clemente o San Valentin translated as “San Clemente Mountain (San Valentin Mountain)” 4.1.11 The prepositional phrase in a proper name is used to describe the geographical location of the place name. For example: Aranda de Duero
Ametlla de Mar
San Carlos de Rio Negro
Translation\"Aranda de Duero"
Translation "Ametlla de Mar"
Translation "San Carlos de Rio Negro"
GB/T 17693.5-1999
4.1.12 For a place name consisting of two or more words, if its Chinese translation exceeds eight characters, the words are connected by a hyphen *". For example: Guadalupe Victoria
San Cristobal Acasaguastlan is translated as "Guadalupe Victoria"
is translated as "San Cristobal Acasaguastlan"4.1.13 For proper names consisting of a single syllable, add the corresponding place name common name translation. For example: Cha
is translated as "Cha Village"
is translated as "Sa Town"
4.1.14 Proper names consisting of double vowels are transliterated as two single vowels. For example: Cey
Embalse del Mao
4.2 Common place names (see Appendix B)
4.2.1 Common names are generally translated. For example:
Rfo Magdalena
Sierra de Guadarrana
Translated as "Sei"
Translated as "Mao Reservoir"
Translated as "Magdalena River"
Translated as "Guadarrama Mountain"
4.2.2 For names of natural geographical entities that only have proper nouns, the corresponding common name should be added according to the category of the place name when translating into Chinese characters. For example: Bucher
Buen del Collar
Translated as "Bucher Mountain"
Translated as "Buen del Collar Peak"
4.2.3 When a common name has multiple meanings, the Chinese translation should be based on the category of the geographical entity referred to by the common name. For example: Puerto de Pajares
Puerto de Santiago
4.2.4 Articles and prepositions in the names of geographical entities are omitted. For example: Embalse de la Brefta
Sierra de las Cabras
Cerro del Caballo
Cabo de los Aguillones
4.3 Rules for the translation of some letters
4.3.1 The Chinese translation of consonant 11.
4.3.1.1 In place names named after people, the Chinese translation shall be “利”. Translated into “Pajares Pass”
Translated into “Santiago Port”
Translated into “Breña Reservoir”
Translated into “Cabras Mountain”
Translated into “Caballo Mountain”
Translated into “Cape Aguillones”
4.3.1.2 Consonant 1 is produced in Spain [], and the Chinese translation shall be “利” according to Table 1. Castilla in Spain
translate to "Castilla"
4.3.1.3 In Latin American Spanish place names, the consonant [i] is translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1\. For example: Cantila in Chile and Peru
translate to "Castia"
4.3.2 The consonant m is translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1n when it is in the place of b and p. For example: Cambre
Parmpa
translate to "Cambre"
translate to "Pampa"
4.3.3 The letter cc is translated into [] before a, 0, u; and into [ks] before e and i. For example: Occopata
Occitania
Translated as “Occopata”
Translated as “Occitania”
4.3.4 Consonant letters and 8c (when combined with e#) are translated into Chinese characters according to row 18 of the table. For example: Passim
Oscilacion
translated as "Passim"
translated as "Oscilacion"
4.3.5 The consonant letter x is translated into Chinese characters according to the first row in Table before the consonant; between two vowels and at the end of the word, it is translated into Chinese characters according to the "k" in the Chinese character translation; in the place names originated from Indian languages, it is translated into Chinese characters according to the i row. For example: Extrenadura
translated as "Extremadura"
Loxicha
Cotopaxi
5 Spanish-Chinese transliteration table (see Table 1)
GB/T 17693.5—1999
translated as "Loxicha"
translated as \Cotopaxi\(Indian language)
5.1. The pronunciation of the Chinese characters in Table 1 shall be based on the Mandarin pronunciation. 5.2 The writing of the word Wen in Table 1 shall be based on the simplified Chinese characters announced by the National Language and Writing Committee. 5.3 The Chinese characters at the intersection of the vertical row of consonants and the horizontal row of vowels in Table 1 are the transliterated Chinese characters of the pronunciation of the consonants and vowels. When the vowels form a syllable by themselves, they are translated using the Chinese characters in the vowel zero row in Table 1; and when the consonants other than n are pronounced alone, they are translated using the Chinese characters in the consonant zero row in Table 1. 5.4 If the Chinese character translation produces a phenomenon of literal interpretation, the homophone of the syllable should be used for translation. For example, when "东", "南", and "西" appear at the beginning of a place name, they should be translated as "栋", "楠", and "杞"; when "海" appears at the end of a place name, it should be translated as "亥". 5.5 The Chinese characters "姬", "玛", "娜", "莉", "丽", "琳", "妮", "蕾", and "黛" in Table 1 are used for place names named after female names. 5.6 "弗" in Table 1 is used for the initial part of the translated name; "夫" is used for the middle and final part of the translated name. 5.7 The consonant letter h is not pronounced and is not translated. For example: Huelvabzxz.net
Hidalgo
translated as "Huelva"
translated as "Hidalgo"
5.8"oa", \oe"\io\, "ar", \e\, "ia\,"u\ are translated as two vowels respectively. 5.9"uai" is written as \u" such as "ai\, "ain" and its combination are translated as \?\ horizontal Chinese characters plus "恩", "ian\ and its combination are translated as \i" horizontal Chinese characters plus "安".
GB/T 17693.5--1999
(push)
Lao Yilun
(stand)
Meinonu
(peak)
(curtain)
Qiaoqin Yiqie
Weiwenwo
Shanggenjia
Huaxian (class)
Zao/Braid
uam ym
Kan ten an
uno uo
3/a·a
umo uo
aa kte e
This article represents you
Agustin
Alberto
Spanish
Alejandro
Alfonso
Andres
Antonio
Asuncion
Bolivar
Carlos
Catalina
Catarina||tt GB/T 17693.5—1999
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Translation of Common Spanish Names
Agustín
Alberto
Alejandro
Alfonso
Andrés
Antonio
Asuncion
Bolivar
Carlos
Catalina
Catalina
Cecilia
Concepcion
Constancia
Eduardo
Elena
Eulalia
Francesco
Franco
Gomez||tt| |González
Isabel
Jimenez
Joaqufn
Juanito
Manuel
Spanish
Margarita
Mariana
Marina
Martin
Nicolis
Rafael
Rosalia
Santiago
Teresa
Vicente
Victoria
Jorge
Juana
Juanito
Luis
Man Nuel
Margarita
Maria
Mariana
Marina
Marta
Nicolas
Pablo
Rafael
Rosalia
Santiago
Silva
Teresa
Vicente
Victoria
Spanish
abajo,-a
acequia
acueducto
afluente
albenca
albufera
alcala
aldehuela||tt ||aljibe
altiplanicie
altiplano
altito,-s
alto,-s
altura,-s
apartadero
apeadero
archipielago
arenas
arenal
arecife,-s||tt| |aoyito
arroyo
austral
bajo,-a
harbour, bay
GB/T17693.5--1999||tt| |Appendix B
(Standard Appendix)
Translation table of common names and common words of Spanish place names Table B1
Aqueduct
Village (inhabited by American Indian tribes)
Pond, swamp, reservoir
Lake, swamp
Highland, mountain, peak
Reef, reefs
Down, shoal, reef
Pond, lake, reservoir
banado
Spanish
barranco
bocaron
boreal
bosque
brecha
cabecico
cabezo,-a||t t||cachuela
caleta
caleton
camino
campamento
campifia
caniada
caniadon
carretera
cascada
casero
castellar
castello
castillejo
castillo
castron
shoal, sandbar
bathing place, mineral spring
estuary, bay, strait
branch stream, river
peak, mountain, horn
river, canal
river, canyon
canal, canal, waterway
castle, horn, island
catarata
cayo,-s
Spanish
cayuelo,-s
cerillada
ceillo,-s
cerito,-s
cemo,-s
cermon
cermote
chaco,-a
charco,-a
chihuido
chorrera
ch omillo | tt||crique
cuchillete
island, archipelago
island, archipelago
mountain, peak
peak, mountain
GB/T 17693.5—1999
Table B1 (continued)
Mountain pass, valley
Mountain range, mountain range
Crater
Mountain, peak
Spanish
cuchillo,-a
cuenca
cuerda
cuesta
cueva, -s
cumbre,-s
cumbrecita
cumbrera
curiche
curichon
dehesa
departamento
depresion
desfiladero
desierto
divisoria
embalse
en senada||tt ||entrada
estacion
estanca
estancia
estanque
estany
estero
estrecho
faldas
farayo
fortin
frontera
fuente
fuerte||tt| |glaciar
gr ande
hacienda
valley, basin
hill, mountain
swamp, river
swamp, river
delta
dam, pond
hill, village
reservoir, lake
lake, honghu
lake, honghu
river, strait, bay, lake
isla,-s
Spanish
isleta,-s
islote,-s
jardi n | |tt||morro,-s
muela,-s
navajo
navaza
nevedo,-8
nuevo,a
occidental
Cirque Lake
island, archipelago
island, archipelago
island, archipelago
mountains, hills
mountains, hills
GB/T 17693.5--1999
Table B1 (continued)
square mountain, plateau
plateau, plateau
monastery
horn, mountain
black
mountain, peak
Spanish
occidente
oceano
oriental
parmpa
parntano
pairamos
parque
pasaje
pefia,-s
peninsula
picacho
pico,-s
piedra
plana,-s
playa,-8
playon
planicie
poillo
portella
portila
portillo
provincia
puebla||t t||pueblo
puertito
puerto
puntal
puntazo
puntilla
lake, reservoir
pass, strait||t t||rock, mountain, peak
rock, mountain
mountain, peak
peak, mountain
plain, plateau, terrace
reservoir, lake
port, bay, mountain pass
Spanish
quebrada
raunbla
raincho
regajo
regato,-a
region
reguera
represa
riacho
ribeira
rivera
roca,-s
salado,-a
salinas
river, gorge
GB/T 17693.5—1999
End of Table B1)
Estuary, bay, river
Rock, cliff, peak
Tide, salt marsh
Yam, rapids
Mountain, hill
Spanish
serrania
serreta
serrezuela
sierra,-8
sierrecica
sistema
sudeste
sudoeste
tablero
tierra
torrente
vallejo
vega,-s
viejo,-a
villaje
villar
volcan
Mountain, ridge
Mountain, mountain range
Town, village
Zone, region
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