GB/T 11299.15-1989 Satellite communication earth station radio equipment measurement methods Part 3: Subsystem combination measurement Section 5: Radio tracking and control
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in satellite earth stationsPart 3: Methods of measurement for combinations of sub-systemsSection Five-Antenna tracking and controlThis standard is one of the series of standards for "Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in satellite earth stations"1 Subject content and scope of application
GB11299.15-89
This standard specifies the basic measurement methods for the pointing accuracy, tracking accuracy, indication accuracy, etc. of the antenna of geostationary satellite communication earth stations. This standard is applicable to the measurement of antenna tracking and control of various types of geostationary satellite communication earth stations. 2 Introduction
The positioning accuracy of satellite communication earth station antennas is usually expressed by two parameters: pointing accuracy and tracking accuracy (see reference 1). Commercial measurement equipment, such as theodolites, receiving level indicating devices, etc., can be used for measurement. However, it should be ensured that its performance is sufficient to complete the measurement, and the accuracy of the selected ephemeris or signal tower relative to the earth station antenna should be one order of magnitude higher than the accuracy of the measured item. Since the satellite target is too far away from the earth, it cannot be observed with the naked eye or general instruments. Therefore, the pointing accuracy and tracking accuracy specified in this standard adopt relative measurement methods. The optical fixed target used in the measurement should be far enough away, and the theodolite axis should be as close to the antenna rotation center as possible. 3 Pointing Accuracy
3.1 Definition
After the center axis (electrical axis) of the antenna beam of the satellite communication earth station is pointed to the satellite, the angle difference between the direction of the center axis of the antenna beam (indicated value of the angle readout device) and the direction of the center of the earth station antenna beam. 3.2 Measurement method
Usually, the ephemeris method or the signal tower method is used for measurement, and the measurement equipment configuration is shown in Figure 1. Measurement steps:
a. The antenna control system points the antenna electrical axis to the target (satellite or signal tower). If the signal (beacon, pilot signal or signal source signal) indicated by the receiving level indicator is the maximum, it is considered that the center of the antenna beam is aligned with the target. b. Read the azimuth (or elevation) reading Xt on the angle reading device. c. Repeat the above steps a and b in a short time (the error caused by satellite drift can be ignored during this time) to obtain a set of (XX.) azimuth (or elevation) readings.
d. Use formula (1) to calculate the antenna azimuth pointing accuracy apA or elevation pointing accuracy aPE: Approved by the Ministry of Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on March 1, 1989, and implemented from January to January 1, 1990
GB11299.15-89
OPA (or GPE)
(degrees)
Where: X.一 When the ephemeris method is used, it is the satellite azimuth (or elevation) given in the satellite ephemeris; when the signal tower method is used, it is the azimuth (or elevation) of the signal tower relative to the earth station antenna, in degrees; the number of measurements, m, should be no less than 20 times.
Then the antenna pointing accuracy is:
p Va +(degrees)
3.3 Result expression
The measurement results are expressed in the form of Table 1:
Azimuth pointing accuracy (arA)
Elevation pointing accuracy (ape)
Pointing accuracy (ar)
3.4 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: The pointing accuracy required by the system.
4 Tracking accuracy
4.1 Definition
After the satellite communication earth station antenna automatically tracks the satellite, the angle difference between the direction of the center axis (electrical axis) of the earth station antenna beam and the direction of the earth station antenna beam center. 4.2 Measurement method
The optical theodolite method or the level drop method is usually used. 4.2.1 Optical theodolite method
The measurement equipment configuration is shown in Figure 2.
Measurement steps:
a. The antenna control system manually aligns the antenna with the satellite so that the satellite beacon signal (or pilot signal) indicated by the receiving level indicator is the maximum. Or the satellite is tracked in an automatic tracking mode so that the receiving beacon signal (or pilot signal) is the maximum. At this time, it is considered that the center of the antenna beam is aligned with the satellite.
b. Aim the optical theodolite at a distant optical fixed target, so that the optical fixed target is at the center of the optical theodolite cross, and read and record the azimuth (or elevation) reading Xoi of the optical theodolite. Manually deviate the antenna azimuth (or elevation) by a certain angle (the angle should be smaller than the interception range of the antenna control system). Then put the antenna control system into automatic tracking state, and the antenna automatically tracks the satellite target. When the tracking of the antenna control system enters a stable state, read the deviation angle △XX-X between the center of the optical cross and the optical fixed moon mark in azimuth (or elevation) on the theodolite angle reading disk, where X is the azimuth (or elevation) reading of the target on the theodolite after each tracking. d. Repeat the above steps a, b and c for n times to obtain a set of deviation angle △X data. Use formula (3) to calculate the antenna azimuth tracking accuracy aTA or elevation tracking accuracy αTE. e.
(AX: - AX)2
OTA (or GTE)
(degrees)
where: Ax=
AX;, unit is degree;
GB 11299.15--89
Number of measurements, n should be no less than 20 times.
Then the antenna tracking accuracy is:
4.2.2 Level drop method
The measurement equipment configuration is shown in Figure 3.
Measurement steps:
NA+(degrees)
(4)
The antenna control system manually points the antenna to the satellite. If the satellite beacon signal a.
(or pilot signal) voltage U indicated by the receiving level indicator is the maximum Umx, it is considered that the antenna beam center has been aligned with the satellite b. Manually deviate the antenna azimuth and/or elevation angle from a certain angle (the angle should be within the interception range of the antenna control system) c.
put the antenna control system into automatic tracking state. When the antenna tracking enters a stable state, measure the satellite beacon signal (or pilot signal) level drop value AU\ indicated by the receiving level indicator. Repeat the above steps a, b and c items n times to obtain the group U\ value. d.
normalize the level drop value.
E = AUW/Umax
Then convert the level drop value into an angular error according to formula (6) [see references]. AX = 0.3
actual antenna beam width, in degrees. The antenna tracking accuracy is calculated by formula (7):
1.6607logE: (degrees)
D(ax: - ax)2
where: aX-
AX, degrees.
Number of measurements, n should be no less than 20 times.
Note: The antenna tracking error can also be expressed in decibels of the average value of the level drop, that is: AY 20 logroE (dB)
Where: E=
4.3 Result expression
Number of measurements, n should be no less than 20 times.
The measurement results of Article 4.2.1 are expressed in the form of Table 2: Table 2
Tracking accuracy a
The measurement results of Article 4.2.2 are described in words. 4.4 Details to be specified
(degrees)
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: a.
The tracking accuracy required by the system;
How to use.
（5）
5 Indication accuracy
5.1 Definition
GB 11299.15—89
The deviation between the angular position of the antenna indicated by the antenna position indicating device of the satellite communication earth station and the angular position of the antenna reference axis (mechanical axis).
5.2 Generally considered
Among the main factors causing indication error, the axis error and the zero calibration error are systematic errors, and the others are random errors. These errors can be considered to be unrelated, so the total indication error is expressed in root mean square value. 5.3 Measurement method
The configuration of the measurement equipment is shown in Figure 4.
Measurement steps:
The large-line control device is set to manual working mode, and the theodolite placed on the antenna base is aimed at a fixed target far away on the ground, and the azimuth (or elevation) reading X of the theodolite is recorded. And the azimuth (or elevation) reading X of the antenna control indicating device. b. Rotate the antenna to a certain angle, read the azimuth (or elevation) number X on the indicating device, and re-align the theodolite with the original fixed target, and read its azimuth (or elevation) reading X:. c. Calculate AX.--XX and AXX-X'. .
d. Repeat the above steps a, b and c to obtain two sets of data △X and AX'i. When rotating the antenna, the angle is arbitrary, and the direction of each rotation is also arbitrary. The antenna azimuth indication accuracy diA or elevation indication accuracy E can be calculated by using formula (8): e.
(ax' - ax)2
QA (or QE)
Formula: n-
Number of measurements, n should be no less than 20 times.
5.4 Result presentation
The measurement results are presented in the form of Table 3.
Azimuth indication accuracy QtA
Elevation indication accuracy Ie
5.5 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: The indication accuracy required by the system.
6 Antenna movement speed
6.1 Definition
(degrees)
The angle of rotation of the azimuth axis or elevation axis of the satellite communication earth station antenna per unit time. 6.2 General considerations
For drive systems with speed regulation characteristics, the maximum and minimum speeds will be measured. For drive systems without speed regulation characteristics, the average speed within the driving range will be measured.
6.3 Measurement method
6.3.1 Maximum speed
a: Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state and adjust the drive control voltage to the rated motor board voltage. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. 176
GB11299.15-89
b. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle reading c. Repeat step b several times and select the minimum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.2 Minimum speed
a. Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state and adjust the drive control voltage to the minimum armature voltage when the antenna can rotate evenly. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. Place the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle reading. b.
Repeat step b multiple times, and select the maximum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.3 Average speed
Put the antenna drive control system in the ready state, set the stopwatch to "0" seconds, and record the antenna's starting azimuth (or elevation) value. a.
Add the drive voltage while starting the stopwatch to make the antenna rotate in azimuth (or elevation) for one minute, and cut off the drive voltage to stop the antenna b.
Record the antenna azimuth (or elevation) value, and calculate the azimuth (or elevation) value X that the antenna rotates in one minute. Repeat the above steps a and b n times to obtain the azimuth (or elevation) value of the group antenna rotating in minutes. Use formula (9) to calculate the average movement speed of the antenna: d.
Where: X, an azimuth (or elevation) value, degrees; n-number of measurements.
6.4 Result Expression
The measurement result is described in words.
6.5 Details to be Specified
(degrees/second)
When this measurement is required, the equipment specifications shall include the following: The antenna movement speed required by the system.
7 Antenna Movement Range
7.1 Definition
The range of movement of the antenna azimuth axis and elevation axis in the azimuth plane and elevation plane. 7.2 Measurement Method
Drive the antenna to the left and right limit positions of azimuth, and observe the antenna movement range on the azimuth indicator. a.
Drive the antenna to the upper and lower limit positions of elevation, and observe the antenna movement range on the elevation indicator. b.
For antennas driven with several overlapping drives on the azimuth plane, the movement range of each section can be measured separately, and the overlap angle is deducted after superposition, which is the antenna azimuth movement range. c.
7.3 Expression of results
The measured results shall be described in words in degrees. 7.4 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment specifications shall include the following: the range of motion of the antenna required by the system.
8 References
(1) International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), "Satellite Communications Handbook" (Fixed Satellite Service) published in 1985. (2) Radar System Analysis (RADARSYSTEMANALYSIS 1964 edition). (3) Radar Accuracy Analysis published in August 1979. (4) "RF Dessing cornmunication satelliteEarth station (part 3)\Microwave July 1967. 7.177
Antenna control system
Antenna indicating device
Antenna control system
Antenna control
System
GB11299.15—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna pointing accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.||t t||Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly include axis system errors and mismatch errors between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout errors and zero calibration errors of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking The accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single pulse operation, there is also amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistent electric axis drift,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; Basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, dynamic lag, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories: random errors and systematic errors according to their statistical characteristics. For tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain speed ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the desired earth station antenna beam center pointing angle.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Research Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 180n-
-Number of measurements, n should be no less than 20 times.
5.4 Result presentation
The measurement results are presented in the form of Table 3.
Azimuth indication accuracy QtA
Elevation indication accuracy Ie
5.5 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: The indication accuracy required by the system.
6 Antenna movement speed
6.1 Definition
(degrees)
The angle of rotation of the azimuth axis or elevation axis of the satellite communication earth station antenna per unit time. 6.2 General considerations
For a drive system with speed regulation characteristics, the maximum and minimum speeds will be measured. For a drive system without speed regulation characteristics, the average speed within the driving range will be measured.
6.3 Measurement method
6.3.1 Maximum speed
a: Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state and adjust the drive control voltage to the rated motor board voltage. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. 176
GB11299.15-89
b. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle readings. c. Repeat step b several times and select the minimum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.2 Minimum speed
a. Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state and adjust the drive control voltage to the minimum armature voltage when the antenna can rotate evenly. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle readings. b.
Repeat step b several times and select the maximum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.3 Average speed
Put the antenna drive control system in the ready state, set the stopwatch to "0" second, and record the antenna's initial azimuth (or elevation) value. a.
Add the drive voltage while starting the stopwatch to make the antenna rotate in azimuth (or elevation) for one minute, and cut off the drive voltage to stop the antenna b.
Record the antenna's azimuth (or elevation) value, and calculate the azimuth (or elevation) value X that the antenna rotates in one minute. Repeat the above steps a and b n times to obtain the azimuth (or elevation) value that the group antenna rotates in minutes. Use formula (9) to calculate the average movement speed of the antenna: d.
Where: X, one azimuth (or elevation) value, degrees; n-number of measurements.
6.4 Result representation
The measurement results are described in words.
6.5 Details to be specified
(degrees/second)
When this measurement is required, the equipment specifications shall include the following: Antenna movement speed required by the system.
7 Antenna movement range
7.1 Definition
The range of movement of the antenna azimuth axis and elevation axis in the azimuth plane and elevation plane. 7.2 Measurement method
Drive the antenna to the left and right limit positions of azimuth, and observe the antenna movement range on the azimuth indicator. a.
Drive the antenna to the upper and lower limit positions of elevation, and observe the antenna movement range on the elevation indicator. b.
For antennas driven with several overlapping drives on the azimuth plane, the movement range of each section can be measured separately, and the overlap angle is deducted after superposition, which is the antenna azimuth movement range. c.
7.3 Expression of results
The measured results shall be described in words in degrees. 7.4 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment specifications shall include the following: the range of motion of the antenna required by the system.
8 References
(1) International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), "Satellite Communications Handbook" (Fixed Satellite Service) published in 1985. (2) Radar System Analysis (RADARSYSTEMANALYSIS 1964 edition). (3) Radar Accuracy Analysis published in August 1979. (4) "RF Dessing cornmunication satelliteEarth station (part 3)\Microwave July 1967. 7.177
Antenna control system
Antenna indicating device
Antenna control system
Antenna control
System
GB11299.15—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating deviceWww.bzxZ.net
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna pointing accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.||t t||Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly include axis system errors and mismatch errors between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout errors and zero calibration errors of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking The accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single pulse operation, there is also amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistent electric axis drift,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; Basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, dynamic lag, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories: random errors and systematic errors according to their statistical characteristics. For tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain speed ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the desired earth station antenna beam center pointing angle.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Research Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 180n-
-Number of measurements, n should be no less than 20 times.
5.4 Result presentation
The measurement results are presented in the form of Table 3.
Azimuth indication accuracy QtA
Elevation indication accuracy Ie
5.5 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: The indication accuracy required by the system.
6 Antenna movement speed
6.1 Definition
(degrees)
The angle of rotation of the azimuth axis or elevation axis of the satellite communication earth station antenna per unit time. 6.2 General considerations
For a drive system with speed regulation characteristics, the maximum and minimum speeds will be measured. For a drive system without speed regulation characteristics, the average speed within the driving range will be measured.
6.3 Measurement method
6.3.1 Maximum speed
a: Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state and adjust the drive control voltage to the rated motor board voltage. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. 176
GB11299.15-89
b. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle readings. c. Repeat step b several times and select the minimum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.2 Minimum speed
a. Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state and adjust the drive control voltage to the minimum armature voltage when the antenna can rotate evenly. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle readings. b.
Repeat step b several times and select the maximum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.3 Average speed
Put the antenna drive control system in the ready state, set the stopwatch to "0" second, and record the antenna's initial azimuth (or elevation) value. a.
Add the drive voltage while starting the stopwatch to make the antenna rotate in azimuth (or elevation) for one minute, and cut off the drive voltage to stop the antenna b.
Record the antenna's azimuth (or elevation) value, and calculate the azimuth (or elevation) value X that the antenna rotates in one minute. Repeat the above steps a and b n times to obtain the azimuth (or elevation) value that the group antenna rotates in minutes. Use formula (9) to calculate the average movement speed of the antenna: d.
Where: X, one azimuth (or elevation) value, degrees; n-number of measurements.
6.4 Result representation
The measurement results are described in words.
6.5 Details to be specified
(degrees/second)
When this measurement is required, the equipment specifications shall include the following: Antenna movement speed required by the system.
7 Antenna movement range
7.1 Definition
The range of movement of the antenna azimuth axis and elevation axis in the azimuth plane and elevation plane. 7.2 Measurement method
Drive the antenna to the left and right limit positions of azimuth, and observe the antenna movement range on the azimuth indicator. a.
Drive the antenna to the upper and lower limit positions of elevation, and observe the antenna movement range on the elevation indicator. b.
For antennas driven with several overlapping drives on the azimuth plane, the movement range of each section can be measured separately, and the overlap angle is deducted after superposition, which is the antenna azimuth movement range. c.
7.3 Expression of results
The measured results shall be described in words in degrees. 7.4 Details to be specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment specifications shall include the following: the range of motion of the antenna required by the system.
8 References
(1) International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), "Satellite Communications Handbook" (Fixed Satellite Service) published in 1985. (2) Radar System Analysis (RADARSYSTEMANALYSIS 1964 edition). (3) Radar Accuracy Analysis published in August 1979. (4) "RF Dessing cornmunication satelliteEarth station (part 3)\Microwave July 1967. 7.177
Antenna control system
Antenna indicating device
Antenna control system
Antenna control
System
GB11299.15—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna pointing accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.||t t||Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly include axis system errors and mismatch errors between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout errors and zero calibration errors of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking The accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single pulse operation, there is also amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistent electric axis drift,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; Basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, dynamic lag, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories: random errors and systematic errors according to their statistical characteristics. For tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain speed ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the desired earth station antenna beam center pointing angle.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Research Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 1802 Minimum speed
a. Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state, adjust the drive control voltage to the minimum armature voltage when the antenna can rotate evenly. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle reading. b.
Repeat step b several times, and select the maximum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.3 Average speed
Put the antenna drive control system in the ready state, set the stopwatch to "0" seconds, and record the starting azimuth (or elevation) value of the antenna. a.
Add the drive voltage while starting the stopwatch, so that the antenna rotates in azimuth (or pitch) for one minute, and cut off the drive voltage to stop the antenna b.
Record the antenna azimuth (or elevation) value, and calculate the azimuth (or elevation) value X that the antenna rotates in one minute. Repeat the above steps a and b n times to obtain the azimuth (or elevation) value of the group antenna rotating within minutes. Use formula (9) to calculate the average antenna movement speed: d.
Where: X, an azimuth (or elevation) value, degrees; n-number of measurements.
6.4 Result representation
The measurement results are described in words.
6.5 Details to be specified
(degrees/second)
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: The antenna movement speed required by the system.
7 Antenna movement range
7.1 Definition
The range in which the antenna azimuth axis and elevation axis can move in the azimuth plane and elevation plane. 7.2 Measurement method
Drive the antenna to the left and right limit positions of the azimuth, and observe the antenna movement range on the azimuth indicator. a.
Drive the antenna to the upper and lower extreme positions of the elevation, and observe the antenna motion range on the elevation indicator. b.
For the antennas driven in several overlapping ways in the azimuth plane, the motion range of each section can be measured separately. After superposition, the overlapping angle is deducted to obtain the antenna azimuth motion range. c.
7.3 Result Expression
The measured results are described in words in degrees. 7.4 Details to be Specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical specifications shall include the following: The antenna motion range required by the system.
8 References
(1) International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), "Satellite Communications Manual" (Fixed Satellite Service), published in 1985. (2) Radar System Analysis (RADAR SYSTEM ANALYSIS 1964 edition). (3) Radar Accuracy Analysis, published in August 1979. (4) “RF Dessing cornmunication satelliteEarth station (part 3)\Microwave July 1967. 7.177
Antenna control system
Antenna indicating device
Antenna control system
Antenna control
System
GB11299.15—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna pointing accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.||t t||Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly include axis system errors and mismatch errors between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout errors and zero calibration errors of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking The accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single pulse operation, there is also amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistent electric axis drift,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; Basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, dynamic lag, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories: random errors and systematic errors according to their statistical characteristics. For tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain speed ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the desired earth station antenna beam center pointing angle.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Research Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 1802 Minimum speed
a. Put the antenna drive control device in the ready state, adjust the drive control voltage to the minimum armature voltage when the antenna can rotate evenly. And read the antenna position (azimuth or elevation) on the antenna position indicator. Put the antenna drive control device in the motor drive state, press the stopwatch, and record the time and angle reading. b.
Repeat step b several times, and select the maximum movement speed as the maximum speed. 6.3.3 Average speed
Put the antenna drive control system in the ready state, set the stopwatch to "0" seconds, and record the starting azimuth (or elevation) value of the antenna. a.
Add the drive voltage while starting the stopwatch, so that the antenna rotates in azimuth (or pitch) for one minute, and cut off the drive voltage to stop the antenna b.
Record the antenna azimuth (or elevation) value, and calculate the azimuth (or elevation) value X that the antenna rotates in one minute. Repeat the above steps a and b n times to obtain the azimuth (or elevation) value of the group antenna rotating within minutes. Use formula (9) to calculate the average antenna movement speed: d.
Where: X, an azimuth (or elevation) value, degrees; n-number of measurements.
6.4 Result representation
The measurement results are described in words.
6.5 Details to be specified
(degrees/second)
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical requirements should include the following: The antenna movement speed required by the system.
7 Antenna movement range
7.1 Definition
The range in which the antenna azimuth axis and elevation axis can move in the azimuth plane and elevation plane. 7.2 Measurement method
Drive the antenna to the left and right limit positions of the azimuth, and observe the antenna movement range on the azimuth indicator. a.
Drive the antenna to the upper and lower extreme positions of the elevation, and observe the antenna motion range on the elevation indicator. b.
For the antennas driven in several overlapping ways in the azimuth plane, the motion range of each section can be measured separately. After superposition, the overlapping angle is deducted to obtain the antenna azimuth motion range. c.
7.3 Result Expression
The measured results are described in words in degrees. 7.4 Details to be Specified
When this measurement is required, the equipment technical specifications shall include the following: The antenna motion range required by the system.
8 References
(1) International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), "Satellite Communications Manual" (Fixed Satellite Service), published in 1985. (2) Radar System Analysis (RADAR SYSTEM ANALYSIS 1964 edition). (3) Radar Accuracy Analysis, published in August 1979. (4) “RF Dessing cornmunication satelliteEarth station (part 3)\Microwave July 1967. 7.177
Antenna control system
Antenna indicating device
Antenna control system
Antenna control
System
GB11299.15—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna pointing accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.||t t||Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly include axis system errors and mismatch errors between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout errors and zero calibration errors of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking The accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single pulse operation, there is also amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistent electric axis drift,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; Basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, dynamic lag, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories: random errors and systematic errors according to their statistical characteristics. For tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain speed ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the desired earth station antenna beam center pointing angle.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Research Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 18015—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna indication accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.
Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly includes axis system error and mismatch error between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout error and zero calibration error of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single-pulse operation, there is also electric axis drift with amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistency,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, Dynamic hysteresis, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories, random errors and systematic errors, according to their statistical characteristics. As for tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the expected center pointing angle of the earth station antenna beam.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 18015—89
Driving device
Axis angle sensor
Signal level indicating device
Figure 1 Equipment configuration for measuring antenna pointing accuracy
Optical theodolite
Fixed target
Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using optical theodolite method Driving device
Signal level
Indicating device
Figure 3 Equipment configuration for measuring tracking accuracy using level drop method 11299.15—89
Fixed target
Drive device
Axis angle sensor
Optical theodolite
Figure 4 Configuration of antenna indication accuracy measurement equipment
GB11299.15--89
Appendix A
Brief analysis of antenna positioning accuracy
(Supplement)
According to references (1), (3), (4), pointing accuracy is limited by the following factors: a.
Errors caused by misalignment of mechanical and electrical axes. Mainly includes axis system error and mismatch error between electrical and mechanical axes. Angle readout error and zero calibration error of the device. b.
Errors caused by deformation of antenna structure (and base), wind, gravity and thermal effects. c.
Servo system errors are transmission errors and servo control errors caused by factors such as wind, gravity, servo noise and insensitive areas, as well as d.
and dynamic hysteresis errors caused by target motion. Tracking accuracy is limited by the following factors:
Deviation of the antenna beam (electric axis), which is caused by frequency drift, structural deformation, etc. (in single-pulse operation, there is also electric axis drift with amplitude imbalance and phase inconsistency,
Errors caused by step and signal level measurement (for step tracking mode); b.
Errors caused by propagation changes and unstable satellite signals: receiver thermal noise;
Errors caused by gusts in the servo drive system; basic errors of the tracking mechanism and servo drive system (tooth gap, Dynamic hysteresis, etc.). The above errors are generally divided into two categories, random errors and systematic errors, according to their statistical characteristics. As for tracking accuracy, since the target is a geostationary satellite and the transmission chain ratio of the satellite communication earth station antenna system is very large. The statistical characteristics of the tracking error can be regarded as a normally distributed random quantity with a standard deviation tending to (very close to) zero. When measuring, the average value of the theodolite readings during multiple tracking can be used to represent the expected center pointing angle of the earth station antenna beam.
Additional Notes:
This standard was drafted by the 14th Institute of the Ministry of Electronics Industry. 180
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