GB/T 2930.6-2001 Inspection procedures for forage seeds - Health determination
Some standard content:
ICS G5. 020. 20
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GR/T 2930.1~-2930.112001
Rules for forage seed testingbZxz.net
Kules for forage seed testing2001 03-14Release
2001-0601Implementation
National Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau
GB/T 2930.6—2001
This standard is based on the revision of GB29301S2 of the International Standard for the Testing of Single Plants (1999 Edition) of the International Association for the Testing of Plants (TS-A). In terms of the main technical contents, the seventh part of the international standard (1S57A, 199) is equivalently adopted, including the species chain test method, etc. In addition, the international standard has been adopted for the testing of S related species that are not listed in the list and have important economic value in the residual species. Among them, the standard has both the advanced features and scientificity of international standards, and can meet the actual needs of seed inspection in my country. This standard has adjusted the provisions of Chapter 1082 of GB291-1082: it has supplemented the four inspection methods of "kernel inspection", "color inspection", "specific gravity inspection" and "softness inspection". This standard is one of the three series of seed inspection procedures of G/T230.180.11-2001. The series of standards consists of the following parts: 2930.12007
GB/1 2930.2—2001
GB/T 230. 32UU1
GBT 2930.4—2
GB/T 2930.52001
t:5/T 230. F—3001
GR/T 2U3U. 7: 2001
GB/T 2934. 8 2001
Standard forage seed extraction and extraction
Standard forage seed inspection and purity analysis
Determination of seed efficacy
Standard for harvest seed friability
Standard forage seed inspection and testing
Germination test
Standard forage seed inspection and testing
Lighter than single seed inspection
Supplementary inspection and testing
Biochemical (tetrazolyl) determination of its vitality
Determination of monoamine
Variety identification
Standard forage seed inspection and testing
Determination of moisture content
Standard forage seed inspection and testing weight measurement
GB/T 2930.92001
Standard forage seed inspection and testing
G5/T 2930.10—20C1
Coated seed production test
GB/293(.11-211 Pasture seed inspection and testing procedures
The standard after Junting is in abbreviated format, which is different from the international standard: the international standard places all the test items after the main text and most of the content is in the appendix: it is inconvenient to use it after the bottle is used. However, this standard is arranged in such a way that each item is compiled as a separate text, the main content is inscribed in the main text, and the relevant appendices are placed after the main text of each standard. This standard replaces Chapter S of GB2930-1082 from the date of implementation. This standard is submitted and managed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China: This standard was drafted by: Ministry of Agriculture of China "Forage and Turf Grass Seed Quality Supervision Inspection and Testing Center [Lanzhou! ：Standard promotion personnel: Tukumi: Lujia total staff: Nan Zhibei, Ben Chunjie, Zhu Tingheng, Sun Jianhua, Yu Leng, 62
GB/T293D.6-201
ISTA Introduction
One of the biggest risks in the seed industry is that the seeds of the sown varieties do not perform well in production. Seed inspection is to assess the quality of seeds before planting to minimize the risk of seed failure. Seed quality is a concept that combines different characteristics. These characteristics are important to all sectors of the seed industry: producers, planters, storers, operators, farms, certification agencies, and collection agencies or departments responsible for seed management. In all cases, the ultimate goal of inspection is to determine the seed value. Seeds are living products, and their condition cannot be accurately predicted like that of inanimate or non-living products. The methods used must be based on the knowledge of seed materials and the experience accumulated by seed inspectors. The required accuracy and reproducibility depend on the nature of the test. The standard definitions and methods specified in this document can be used for seed quality assessment during international trade. For this reason, a high degree of accuracy and reproducibility of the test methods are essential. When seed products are exported to the world, they may be tested in laboratories in different countries. Therefore, it is very important that all test laboratories use a consistent standard method. This allows consistent test results to be obtained within the permitted range. This regulation is divided into two parts: the main part, the regulations, and the appendix. The main body of the regulations explains the date and period of each test, the meaning of the test, and describes the methods and explanations used. The appendix expands on the definitions and details the procedures and methods specified in the regulations. If the results of the test according to the current regulations require an international seed certificate, then the regulations must be strictly followed. The interpretation of the provisions of the regulations should be consistent with the relevant details in the chapter. It is recommended that a country should adopt this regulation and its provisions as much as possible when implementing national seed quality assessment regulations in the management of domestic seed trade. Although in this case, it is not necessary to use international seed quality certificates, but it should be recognized that if the collection is not in accordance with this international standard, the free flow of seeds between countries will be hindered. Consultative tests are special tests conducted by the sender for special purposes at the request of the sender. Such inspections require consideration of factors such as the time of sowing, the height of the field and other factors. For such inspections, this practice and the accompanying instruments provide a basic guide, and other technical references may be used as supplementary methods. This practice and the accompanying instruments are developed for major crops worldwide and are generally applicable, although not in every detail, to other crop species that are subject to the requirements of the process. In addition, in order to provide adequate guidance, it is necessary to refer to the instruments of specific manufacturers, but this does not mean that the IST recognizes such instruments as being superior and excludes similar products from other manufacturers. 65
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rules for the inspection of forage seeds
Health determination
Soud beulil testing
This standard specifies the method for determining the health of seed. GB/T 7930.62001 This standard is applicable to the determination of the quality of seeds, forage seeds and feed materials. The referenced standards are not included in the provisions. The provisions of this standard shall be cited in the standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All new standards will be revised soon. Therefore, the parties concerned should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the underlined version. (F5/12930.1—2001 Forage Seed Inspection Procedure 3 Inspection Purpose To determine the health status of the sample on the specified date, and infer the health status of the seed batch. The main reason for the low cost of seeds is that they are exported over long distances. They may be infected with diseases, which will affect the livestock and agricultural production.) Seeds may carry pathogens that may cause diseases and spread further, reducing the commodity value of forage. c) Replace the seeds with new ones, which may reduce their growth rate or production cost, affecting seed price and land use. Definitions
This cup uses state definitions
4.1 Seed sexual status
Whether the seeds carry pathogens (such as fungi and viruses, etc.) and harmful animals (such as insects and crickets, etc.), and whether the seeds are free of pathogens and other diseases.
4.2 Incubation
Keep the seeds in an environment that is favorable for the development of pathogens. 43 Pretreatment
Must wait for verification. Before tea cultivation, the seeds should be treated indoors and chemically before harvesting. 4.4 Type treatment
The seed samples sent should be treated by chemical or other methods. 5 Apparatus and reagents
5.1 Apparatus
National Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau 201-03-14 Standard 1
20010607 Buy bottle
) Stereoscopic microscope (tube)
b) Exhibition microscope: 400 letter),
c) Incubator (light, full control):
>Refrigerator <~-20C
) High pressure sterilizer;
) Clean 1 workbench:
Centrifuge:
h>Vibration machine:
Return to purple 5.2 Test reagents: Benzene: Lactic acid: Sterile water: Tea distilled water. 6 Inspection procedures: 6.1 Test pieces: According to the specified location, the whole test sample or a part of it can be used as the test sample. When a part of the test sample is used as the test sample, it shall be divided according to the provisions of GB/T2230.1-200172. The test sample shall not be less than or equal to the weight of the test sample. When the weight of the test sample is important, it can be set. Under such circumstances, the samples shall be sent for inspection according to the requirements of GB/T:240.1-2007:6.4.4. The samples shall be notified in advance. 6.2 Method
According to the test pathogens, the test date shall be changed according to the test date. The test shall be carried out by the different test methods mentioned above. 6.2.1 Test by culture
The test cannot show the activity of the pathogens. 6.2.1. Direct test: Suitable for testing the samples with obvious symptoms such as impurities, nematodes, black spots, seed diseases, discoloration or damage on the surface of the samples, etc. At some time, the pathogenic or diseased seeds can be confirmed by reading the cut-off mark, or the number of seeds can be counted to calculate the percentage. The Arguimrestis (Sleinbuil: Filipv: night seed) is a kind of seed that can be opened with the naked eye. The small flowers are attractive and have a shape. The length of the seed is 1~5m, which is 2~3 times that of the normal seed. The outer thickness and inner diameter are about 5-1 times that of the normal seed. The normal seed is marked with a period of 1~2 hours. The insects can be filtered out of the wet filter for 1~1 hour. Compared with the normal seeds, the insects after treatment are soft and fluffy. The insects can be clearly seen under the system. mm body search? How many seeds have you planted?
6.2.1.? Seed swelling test: After being stimulated with water, lactic acid or other liquids, the mother group or fruiting body can be more easily observed or the symptoms are more obvious. The seeds that promote the absorption of the seeds are examined by microscopy. The number of seeds with diseases is calculated. The number of seeds with diseases is divided into rooms.
Gcrnsramtraa (Pll&Delacr) Wdsn, Nt:i&Griy 100 seeds are first soaked in water for 2 hours, and the embryos are observed under a microscope (10 hours). 63
GB/I 2930.6—2001
The disease is manifested as a lot of dry fruits, new fruits with damaged red spots, and the diseased parts are selected and rescued. In order to further identify the pathogenic bacteria, the seeds can be soaked separately, placed on two slides, add a few drops of water, and then the slices are placed on wet paper, add gelatin, and soak for 4 hours. The seeds are transferred to another empty slide and the first slice is removed and observed under a microscope (400 times). The color of the seeds is different, because of the shape or fat shape, the two ends are 12m~14m×3um--3.5um·There is a drop of water on both sides of the seeds, and the spores are counted and weighed. 6.2.1.3 Calculation of seed whiteness rate 6.2.1.3 The dye collection is used to check the various pathogenic fungi or diseases adhering to the surface of the seeds, such as Tillenacaries (DC.) Tul, T. comutozysa (Kr:hn) and Joevida (Wallr,) Liro, etc. of cereal crops and stem nematodes (ieyawfawfimr (Khm) Filiiv, etc. of clover. The whole test is carried out in the form of adding or removing the fine particles, and the fungi, spores, and fungi adhering to the surface of the seeds will be washed away. Next: The filtrate is filtered, centrifuged, concentrated or heated, excess liquid is removed, and the extract is examined under a microscope. Calculate the number of spores adhering to each gram of the inoculum. Weigh 40 grams of the inoculum, add 10 ml of 1% 1% bacterium water, and shake vigorously for 1 minute. The washed spores are placed in a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at a speed of 1 μg/μl for 1 minute. Pipette the liquid on a microcentrifuge tube, and precipitate it. 3 ml of 4% gelatin solution is added to the precipitate in the centrifuge tube. The total size of the specimen is 1.5 m, slightly filled, and the mixture is the test column. The result is counted by counting the spores with a ball counting plate. The spores are spherical, with 26 horizontal scales, 12 to 3 m apart, and shrunken in two places. The surface has no thorns or small tubercles. The number of spores in each cell is counted by the method of 12 to 3 m × 3. The number of spores per gram of seed is calculated. The number of spores (R) per cell is the average of the dream x220.CGg: 0.5g sample weight)
6.2.1.4 The grain structure is used for the same material crop seed parasites! .1
Take 400 seeds. Cut or cut the seeds with a knife to check the number of pathogens or insects in the seeds, calculate the self-isolation rate, and collect 400 seeds. Soak them in 5% sodium hydroxide (Na2O3) at room temperature overnight (141°C). Then put the seeds into a measuring bucket covered with tap water for 3-5 minutes; add cyanamide blue liquid (1.3230 Jm of water-soluble cyanamide blue and 55 ml of lactic acid) to the bowl of seeds after rinsing. Heat on a hot plate for 3-4 hours. Take out the seeds every time. 1. Cut the slices strictly and remove the slices with an anatomical seal. Slide them down and filter them. Press the slices gently under the coverslip until they are covered with tissue. Observe them under a microscope (4 times the magnification) and observe the dark-colored powder layer, which is the mycelium of endophytic fungus. Examine each seed one by one under a microscope, count the number of seeds and calculate the percentage. Take 400 seeds, wrap them with a copper wire mesh and cloth, soak them in 1% potassium nitrate or 2% sodium hydrochloride for 1-1.5 minutes, then add .5% sodium hydrochloride solution, take them out and rinse them with clean water for 15-20 days, and inspect them immediately. The seeds with a diameter of 1-2 cm and a diameter of 1 cm are pea weevils. 6-2.1.6 Test the maximum 400 species of soil, for example, 35% of the soil for human consumption and 35% of the soil for food. 3-way: CUV/mL water) push 10-15min. Static 1-2in. Total seed storage on the top of the mountain, according to n.2.1.4 for the Ning Ning test. Calculate the percentage of seeds with insect pests.
62.1.7X time line test: used to check the internal accumulation of insects, such as the general elephant (Total ruchpisaruanL.), the grain elephant (Sitophy1.), through the bottle piece or direct press with the fluorescent screen I to observe, count the minutes, calculate the percentage of slaughter 6.2.2 culture plate test
The test sample is printed for a certain period of time. After the cultivation, check whether there are pathogens, pests or diseases inside and outside the seeds and on the seedlings. There are three types of methods commonly used:
Water absorption method: It is suitable for seed transmission inspection of rural seed types, and it is suitable for detecting half of the bacteria. This method is conducive to the formation of fungi and the development of pathogens on the seedlings. Regardless of whether the seeds have been pre-treated, the arrangement of the cultivation period should be carefully planned to prevent the pathogen from spreading again: Chemical exposure can promote the formation of some fungi, and sometimes freezing or other methods are needed to inhibit the growth of fungi. When the seeds are separated, double-dispersion microscope or variable-frequency microfluidics is required.
GB/T2530.6—2001
Rye simple leaf disease (rechtera siceans (IJrceaa.Shocm, . dictynides f. sp. perentis Shocm,Lh re-tramera(Mek,) Sub &. Juin,T. wmrohimanu fSu.) Suh,& Jai-Take three layers of absorbent paper (thick and thick!), set up a transparent water, think about the surface and breathe out water, spread the bottom of the culture port of Dingdie ugly, as the culture bed. The seeds are directly placed on the absorbent paper without surface disinfection. 25 seeds per bottle are collected for a total of 10 to 20 awns. They are cultured under 12h light (with external light or fluorescent lamp) for 7d. Seeds are observed one by one under a microscope. According to the growth habits of the seeds, the characteristics of the silk, and the morphology of the fruit, the species of pathogenic fungi are determined, and the seed efficacy is calculated. The percentage of pathogenic fungi seeds is: oat spot sticky disease FpeaeIto&Knribay, no stage, Fhslea (idemScnarif) The seeds that have not been disinfected are placed in a glass tower and treated in a flood box at 10CC for 1. After removal, the room is filled with 25 seeds per bottle, and a total of 40 seeds are taken. , all were cultured on absorbent paper culture bed under dark conditions. Move to a 2U ice box and cool for 1, then culture under 2112 light (near the ticket lamp) system. Check the bacteria under a stereo microscope (41 times). Dark-colored colonies are single or light-colored or false-colored colonies, functional shape, and pure colonies are required. Under a microscope (10 times, colonies 39-70m×11--22=m, 2~9 colonies, and count the number of species, juice, etc. 6.2.2. Fat stop method: It is necessary to fix the pathogens that develop slowly in the parts of the body. The colonies are usually cultured on the surface of the sterilized colonies after the neck is arranged. Experienced inspectors can only use their eyes to identify the types of bacteria based on the morphology of the colonies. mfeeasiotdes (Penz) Penz, traraixm (Schwei) Andrus & Mocre]
Stimulate 40 punches: 1 point acid hook solution disinfection 10min, no promise constant water state wash 5 times: no West leak paper king dry in blood 1 seed, placed on F corn flour environment service culture base, 35Y:, 12, light blue first culture, white culture first.: large see send daily eye loose set diameter seed seeds on the pot growth: until the 11th: the fungus cattle longer grant -14d surface diameter of 2-3c1, mycelium process construction, white to reduced fluorescence, meristem disc solitary or aggregated, with color loss example hair, oil color Ctcu or withered yellow (-gto) cancer does not expand the account cover situation individual Mengzhe: change the problem sign. Mengzhe back beautiful for lush color to number in + open The identification process should be carried out according to the time of culture. The colony morphology should be observed under a microscope, and the slides should be made and confirmed under a microscope. When the culture time is up, the pathogens can be identified according to the morphology. 62.2.3 Sand bed, artificial compost and similar cleaning methods are suitable for certain pathogens. Remove the fine sand and pass it through a 1mm sieve. After drying and disinfection, add water and moisturizer to the culture medium. When the seedlings reach the top of the culture medium, examine them under a microscope.
6.2.3 Inspection of growth samples
Sometimes the seeds are cultured and then powdered to check for symptoms. This is the most practical method to determine whether there are bacteria, fungi or diseases in the product. The seeds can be taken from the sample provided for collection, or from the sample for collection, and the part of the sample or the sample can be subjected to natural infection test. The results should be calculated and expressed as the percentage of seeds infected with the drug or the percentage of the effective pathogen (weight) in the test sample within a few days. The determination method used, the placenta used and the stimulus used for the test should be stated clearly. The scientific name of the fungus or insect should be stated clearly.
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