Standard number: GB 18218-2018
Standard name: Identification of major hazard
installations for hazardous chemicals English name: Identification of major hazard installations for hazardous chemicals ||
tt||Standard format: PDF
Release time: 2018-11-19
Implementation time: 2019-03-01
Standard size: 3.37M
Standard introduction: 1 Scope
This standard specifies the basis and methods for identifying major hazard installations for hazardous chemicals.
This standard applies to production and operation units that produce, store, use and operate hazardous chemicals.
This standard does not apply to
a) nuclear facilities and factories processing radioactive materials, except for the departments in the entire facility and factory that handle non-radioactive materials;
b) military facilities;
c) mining industry, except for processing and storage activities involving hazardous chemicals;
d) off-site transportation of hazardous chemicals (including transportation by rail, road, water, aviation, pipeline, etc.);
e) offshore oil and gas extraction activities.
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory.
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard GB 18218-2018 replaces GB18218-2009 "Identification of Major Hazard Sources of Hazardous Chemicals". Compared with GB18218-2009, the main technical changes are as follows:
It is clearly stated in the scope of application that off-site transportation is not included in the scope of identification [see Chapter 1 d), Chapter 1 d) of the 2009 edition]
The definitions of hazardous chemicals and major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals have been modified (see 3.1, 3.4, 3.1, 3., 4 of the 2009 edition);
The definition of mixtures has been added (see 3.7);
The classification of major hazardous sources has been modified, and they are divided into major hazardous sources in production units and major hazardous sources in storage units.
The names of hazardous chemicals have been modified (see Table 1, Table 1 of the 2009 edition);
The classification method of hazardous chemicals has been modified (see 4.1.2, 4.1.2 of the 2009 edition);
The method for determining the actual amount of hazardous chemicals present has been added (see 4.22); The identification requirements for mixtures have been added (see 423);
The classification method for major hazardous sources has been added (see 43)
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China.
Drafting units of this standard: China Institute of Work Safety, Qingdao Safety Engineering Research Institute of Sinopec Corporation
Main drafters of this standard: Wei Lijun, Wang Rujun, Duo Yingquan, Shi Lichen, Zhang Shengzhu, Yu Lijian, Luo Aimin, Yang Chunsheng, Song Zhanbing, Yang Guoliang, Li Yuncai, Zhao Wenfang, Wang Jiajian
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard GB 18218-2018 are:
GB18218-2000, GB18218-2009
This standard specifies the basis and methods for identifying major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals. This standard applies to production and operation units that produce, store, use and operate hazardous chemicals.

ICS13.300
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB18218—2018
Replaces GB18218—2009
Identification of major hazard installations for hazardous chemicals
Identification of major hazard installations for hazardous chemicalsIssued on November 19, 2018
State Administration for Market Regulation
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on March 1, 2019
All technical contents of this standard are mandatoryiiiKAa~cJouakAa
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. GB18218—2018
This standard replaces GB18218—2009 “Identification of Major Hazard Sources of Hazardous Chemicals”. Compared with GB18218—2009, the main technical changes are as follows:
—The scope of application clearly states that off-site transportation is not included in the scope of identification [see Chapter 1 d), Chapter 1 d) of the 2009 edition]; — The definitions of hazardous chemicals and major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals are modified (see 3.1, 3.1. 3.1, 3.4 of the 2009 edition); — The definition of mixtures is added (see 3.7); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.8); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.9); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.10); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.11); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.12); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.13); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.14); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.15); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.16); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.17); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.18); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.19); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.20); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.3); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.4); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.5); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.6); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.7); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.7); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.7); — The definition of mixtures is modified (see 3.7); The classification of major hazardous sources has been changed, divided into major hazardous sources in production units and major hazardous sources in storage units (see 4.1.1, 4.1.1 of the 2009 edition):
The names of hazardous chemicals have been modified (see Table 1, Table 1 of the 2009 edition): The classification method of hazardous chemicals has been modified (see 41.1.2, 4.1.2 of the 2009 edition); - The method for determining the actual amount of hazardous chemicals has been added (see 4.2.2); - The identification requirements for mixtures have been added (see 4.2.3); - The classification method for major hazardous sources has been added (see 4.3). This standard was proposed and regulated by the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China. Drafting units of this standard: China Institute of Work Safety Science and Technology, Qingdao Safety Engineering Research Institute of Sinopec Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard: Wei Lijun, Wang Rujun, Duo Yingquan, Shi Lichen, Zhang Shengzhu, Yu Lijian, Luo Aimin, Yang Chunsheng, Song Zhanbing, Yang Guoliang, Li Yuncai, Zhao Wenfang, Wang Jiajian. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: -GB18218-2000, GB18218-20091 Scope
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Identification of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals
This standard specifies the basis and methods for identifying major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals. This standard applies to production and operation units that produce, store, use and operate hazardous chemicals. This standard does not apply to:
GB18218-2018
a) Nuclear facilities and factories that process radioactive materials, except for the departments in these facilities and factories that process non-radioactive materials: b) Military facilities;
Mining industry, except for processing and storage activities involving hazardous chemicals; c)
Transport of hazardous chemicals outside the factory (including transportation modes such as railways, roads, waterways, aviation, pipelines, etc.); d)
Offshore oil and gas extraction activities.
Normative reference documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any referenced document with a date, only the version with the date is applicable to this document. For any referenced document without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document GB30000.2
GB30000.3
GB30000.4
GB30000.5
GB30000.7
GB30000.8
GB30000.9
GB30000.10
GB 30000.11
GB30000.12
GB30000.13
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals Part 2: Specifications for classification and labelling of explosive chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
GB30000.14
GB30000.15
GB 30000.16
GB30000.18
Terms and definitions
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
Specifications for classification and labelling of chemicals
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
hazardous chemicals
hazardouschemicals
Part 3: Flammable gases
Part 4: Aerosols
Part 5: Oxidizing gases
Part 7: Flammable liquids
Part 8: Flammable solids
Part 9: Self-reactive substances and mixtures
Part 10: Pyrophoric liquids
Part 11: Pyrophoric substances Solids
Part 12: Self-heating substances and mixtures
Part 13: Substances and mixtures which emit flammable gases in contact with water Part 14: Oxidizing liquids
Part 15: Oxidizing solids
Part 16: Organic peroxides
Part 18: Acute toxicity
Highly toxic chemicals and other chemicals that are harmful to humans, facilities and the environment and have properties such as toxicity, corrosion, explosion, combustion and combustion-supporting.
GB18218—2018
Unit
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Production, storage devices, facilities or places involving hazardous chemicals are divided into production units and storage units. 3.3
Threshold quantity
The minimum quantity specified for a certain type of hazardous chemical to constitute a major hazard source. 3.4
Major hazard installations for hazardous chemicalsUnits that produce, store, use and operate hazardous chemicals on a long-term or temporary basis, and the quantity of hazardous chemicals is equal to or exceeds the critical amount.
Production unit
Installation and facilities for the production, processing and use of hazardous chemicals. When there are cut-off valves between the installations and facilities, they are divided into independent units with the cut-off valves as the separation boundary.
Storage unit
A relatively independent area composed of storage tanks or warehouses for storing hazardous chemicals. The tank area is divided into independent units with the tank area fire dike as the boundary, and the warehouse is divided into independent units with the independent storehouse (independent building) as the boundary. 3.7
Mixture
Mixture
Mixture or solution composed of two or more substances. 4 Identification of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals
Identification basis
4.1.1 Hazardous chemicals should be identified as major hazard sources based on their hazardous characteristics and quantities, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. Pure substances and mixtures of hazardous chemicals should be classified according to the provisions of GB30000.2, GB30000.3, GB30000.4, GB30000.5, GB30000.7, GB30000.8, GB30000.9, GB30000.10, GB30000.11, GB30000.12, GB30000.13, GB30000.14, GB30000.15, GB30000.16, GB30000.18. Major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals can be divided into major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals in production units and major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals in storage units. 4.1.2 The method for determining the critical quantity of hazardous chemicals is as follows: a) For hazardous chemicals within the scope of Table 1, their critical quantity shall be determined according to Table 1; b) For hazardous chemicals not within the scope of Table 1, their critical quantity shall be determined according to Table 2 based on their hazard; if a hazardous chemical has multiple hazards, the lowest critical quantity shall be used. Table 1 Name of hazardous chemicals and their critical quantity
Name and description of hazardous chemicals
Oxygen difluoride
Nitrogen dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Liquid ammonia: ammonia
Difluoromonochloride
Sulfous anhydride
CAS number
7664-41-7
7783-41-7
10102-44-0||tt ||7446-09-5
Critical amount/t
Name and description of hazardous chemicals
Carbonyl nitrogen
Ethylene oxide
Formaldehyde (content>90%)
Phosphine
Hydrogen sulfide
Ammonium chloride (anhydrous)
Coal gas (CO, mixture of CO and Hz, CH, etc.)Arsine
Hydrogen antimonide
Hydrogen selenide|| tt||Methyl bromide
Acetone cyanohydrin
Acrolein
Hydrogen fluoride
1--2,3-propylene oxide
3-bromo-1,2-propylene oxide
Toluene diisocyanate
-Sulfur chloride
Hydrogen cyanide
Sulfur trioxide
3-aminopropylene
Ethylenimine
Methyl isocyanate
Azide Chemical
Lead azide
Trinitroanisole
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene
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Table 1 (continued)
Ethylene oxide
Phosphine; Phosphine
Liquid chlorine; Chlorine gas
Arsine, stilbene
Trihydrogenation: antimonide; tt||Methyl bromide
Acetone cyanohydride Hydrogen;
2-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile; Cyanopropanol
Allylaldehyde; Fatty aldehyde
Epichlorohydrin
(3-Chloro-1,2-epoxylactam)
Epibromohydrin;
Bromomethyloxirane; Epibromohydrin
Toluene diisocyanate; TDI
Sulfur chloride
Anhydrous hydrocyanic acid
Sulfur anhydride
Allylamine
Aziridine: 1-aziridine; aziridine methyl isoscomatate
barium azide
mercury difulminate: mercury fulminate
trinitroanisole
TNT; TNT
GB18218—2018
CAS No.
7782-41-4
75-44-5
75-21-8
50-00-0|| tt ||7803-51-2 ||tt | |75-86-5
107-02-8
7664 -39-3
106-89-8
3132-64-7
26471-62-5
10025-67-9
74-90-8
7446-11-9
107-11-9
7726-95- 6
151-56-4
624-83-9|| tt||18810-58-7
13424-46-9
628-86-4
28653-16-9
118-96-7
Critical amount/t
GB18218—2018
Name and description of hazardous chemicals
Nitroglycerin
Nitrocellulose [dry or containing water (or ethanol) <2 5%] Nitrocellulose (unmodified,
or plasticized. Containing plasticizer <18%)
Nitrocellulose (containing ethanol ≥25%)
Nitrocellulose (containing nitrogen ≤12.6%)
Nitrocellulose (containing water ≥25%)
Nitrocellulose solution
(nitrogen content ≤12.6%, containing nitrocellulose ≤55%)Ammonium nitrate (containing combustibles>0.2%,||tt ||Including any organic matter calculated as carbon
But excluding any other additives)
Ammonium nitrate (containing combustibles ≤ 0.2%)
Ammonium nitrate fertilizer (containing combustibles ≤ 0.4%)Potassium nitrate
1.3-Butadiene
Diformaldehyde
Methane, natural gas
Vinyl chloride
Liquid petroleum gas (including propane, butane and their mixtures)Monomethylamine
Oxygen (compressed or liquefied)
Styrene
2-Acrylonitrile
Carbon disulfidewwW.bzxz.Net
Cyclohexane
1,2-Propylene oxide
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Table 1 (continued)
Nitroglycerin:
Glyceryl trinitrate
Nitrocellulose
Nitrocellulose solution
Diethylene
Vinyl chloride
Liquefied petroleum gas
Methylaminomethane;Methylamine
Carbide
Liquid oxygen: oxygen
Vinylbenzene
Methyl ketone
Acrylonitrile; Vinyl cyanoethylene
Hexahydrobenzene
Propylene oxide; Methyl ethylene oxide
CAS number
55-63-0
9004-70-0| | tt |
75-01-4
1333-74-0| | tt | 100-42-5
67-64-1
107 -13-1
75-15-0
110-82-7
75-56-9
Critical amount/t
Name and description of hazardous chemicals
Gasoline (ethanol gasoline, methanol gasoline)
Ethyl acetate
N-hexane
Peracetic acid
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
(10%<effective oxygen content≤10.7%,
Contains type A diluent ≥18%)
Alkyl aluminum
Pentaborane
Potassium peroxide
Sodium peroxide
Potassium fluoride
Sodium chlorate
Fuming nitric acid
Nitric acid (except red fuming, containing 70% nitric acid)Guanidine nitrate
Calcium carbide
Health hazards
Acute toxicity
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Table 1 (continued)
Methylbenzene; Phenylmethane||t t||Wood alcohol; wood alcohol
Diethyl ether
Ethyl acetate
Peracetic acid; Peracetic acid; Acetyl hydroperoxide Yellow phosphorus
Trialkylaluminum
Pentaborane
Sodium oxide; Sodium dioxide
Nitrocarbamide nitrate
Potassium metal
Sodium metal
GB18218—2018
CAS No.
108-88-3
67-56-1
86290-81-5 (gasoline)||t t||64-17-5
60-29-7
141-78-6
110-54-3
79-21-0
1338-23-4
19624-22-7
17014 -71-0
1313-60-6
3811-04-9
7775-09-9
52583-42-3||tt ||7697-37-2
506-93-4
75-20-7
7440-09-7
7440-23-5
Classifications of hazardous chemicals and their critical quantity symbols not listed in Table 1
(Health hazard symbol)
Hazard classification and description
Category 1, All exposure routes, gas
Category 1. All exposure routes, solid, liquid Category 2, Category 3, All exposure routes, gas Category 2, Category 3, Inhalation Human route, liquid (boiling point ≤ 35℃) Category 2, all exposure routes, liquid (except J4), solid critical amount/t
Critical amount/t
GB18218—2018
Physical hazards
Explosives
Flammable gases
Aerosols
Oxidizing gases
Flammable liquids
Self-reactive substances and mixtures
Organic peroxides
Pyrophoric liquids and pyrophoric solids
Oxidizing solids and liquids
Combustible solids
Substances and mixtures which release flammable gases when in contact with water
(Physical hazard symbols)
Identification indicators of major hazard sources
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Table 2 (continued)
Hazard classification and description
I Unstable explosives
-1.1 Explosives
1.2, 1.3, 1.5.1.6 Explosives
1.4 Explosives
Category 1 and Category 2
Category 1 and Category 2
Category 1
-Category 1
-Category 2 and 3. Working temperature is higher than boiling point
Category 2 and 3. Special process conditions that may cause major accidents, including dangerous chemical processes, operations within or near the explosion limit, operating pressure greater than 1.6MPa, etc.
-Other categories not belonging to W5.1 or W5.22Other categories not belonging to W5.1 or W5.23
Type A and B self-reactive substances and mixtures
Type C, D, E self-reactive substances and mixtures Compounds Type A and Type B organic peroxides
Type C, D, E, F organic peroxides Category 1 Spontaneous ignition liquids
Category 1 Spontaneous ignition solids
Category 1
Category 2, Category 3
Category 1 Flammable solids
Category 1 and Category 2
Critical quantity/t
150 (net weight)
The quantity of hazardous chemicals in a production unit or storage unit is equal to or exceeds the critical quantity specified in Table 1 and Table 2, and is therefore classified as a major hazard source. The quantity of hazardous chemicals in a unit is divided into the following two situations according to the number of types of hazardous chemicals: a)
When the hazardous chemicals in a production unit or storage unit are of a single variety, the quantity of this hazardous chemical is the total amount of hazardous chemicals in the unit. If it is equal to or exceeds the corresponding critical amount, it is defined as a major hazard source. When the hazardous chemicals in a production unit or storage unit are of multiple varieties, it is calculated according to formula (1). If formula (1) is satisfied, it is defined as a major b)
Hazard source:
S=q1/Q+2/Q2++q/Q≥1
....(1)
Wherein:
q1.q2..qn
Identification index;
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The actual amount of each hazardous chemical, in tons (t); The critical amount corresponding to each hazardous chemical, in tons (t). GB 18218—2018
4.2.2 The actual amount of hazardous chemicals in hazardous chemical storage tanks and other containers, equipment or storage areas shall be determined according to the designed maximum amount. 4.2.3 For hazardous chemical mixtures, if the mixture and its pure substance belong to the same hazard category, the mixture shall be regarded as a pure substance and calculated according to the mixture as a whole. If the mixture and its pure substance do not belong to the same hazard category, its critical amount shall be considered according to the new hazard category. 4.2.4 For the identification process of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals, please refer to Appendix Λ. 4.3 Classification of major hazard sources
Classification indicators of major hazard sources
The ratio of the actual amount of various hazardous chemicals in the unit to their corresponding critical amount, and the sum of the ratios corrected by the correction coefficient R is used as the classification indicator.
Calculation method of major hazard source classification index The classification index of major hazard sources is calculated according to formula (2):
βi.p......p.
q1.q2...q.
Q.Q2.....Q.
Rαe+β++β
Major hazard source classification index;
Correction coefficient of exposed personnel outside the factory area of ​​the major hazard source of hazardous chemicals; Correction coefficient corresponding to each hazardous chemical; The actual amount of each hazardous chemical, in tons (t); - The critical amount corresponding to each hazardous chemical, in tons (t). ....(2)
The correction coefficient β value is set according to the different types of hazardous chemicals in the unit. For hazardous chemicals within the scope of Table 3, the β value is determined according to Table 3; for hazardous chemicals not within the scope of Table 3, the β value is determined according to Table 4. Table 3 Toxic gas correction factor β value table
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Ethylene oxide
Hydrogen chloride
Methyl bromide
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen fluoride
Nitrogen dioxide
Hydrogen cyanide
Correction coefficient β
GB18218—2018
Phosgene
Methyl isocyanate
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Table 3 (continued)
Correction coefficient β
Table 4 Correction coefficients for hazardous chemicals not listed in Table 3 Table of values ​​of number β Symbol
Acute toxicity
Explosives
Flammable gases
Aerosols
Oxidizing gases
Flammable liquids
Self-reactive substances and mixtures
Organic peroxides
Pyrophoric liquids and solids
Oxidizing solids and liquids
Flammable solids
Substances and mixtures which release flammable gases in contact with water J3
β correction coefficient
Based on the number of permanent residents within 500m outward from the boundary of the factory area of ​​major hazardous sources of dangerous chemicals, the value of the exposed personnel correction coefficient α shall be set in accordance with Table 5.
Number of people who may be exposed outside the factory
More than 100 people
50~99 people
30~49 people
1~29 people
Major hazard source classification standards
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Exposed personnel correction factor α value table
Correction coefficient α
Based on the calculated R value of m, determine the level of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals according to Table 6. Table 6
Major hazard source level
Correspondence between major hazard source level and R valueR value
R≥100
100>R≥50
50>R≥10
GB18218—2018
GB18218—2018
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Appendix A
(Informative appendix)
Flowchart A.1 for identification of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals gives the process for identification of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals. Hazardous chemicals
Major hazard source identification
Production unit
No three-person hazard survey
Major hazard source classification
Storage unit
Child unit new certification completed
Hazardous chemicals major hazard source identification flow chart Figure A.1
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