Some standard content:
1 Introduction
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Descriptive rules for bibliographic references
UDC 025.32
GB 771487
1.1 This standard specifies the bibliographic references in various types of publications, the entry requirements, the symbols used for the bibliographic references, the recording method of each entry and the reference mark method. 1.2 This standard is intended for use by authors and editors in compiling bibliographic references, not for librarians, bibliographic editors and index editors.
2 Nouns and terms
2.1 Bibliographic references: related books and materials cited for writing or editing a work. 2.2 Identification title: the unique name of a serial publication recognized by the International Serials Data System (ISDS). 3. Description Items and Description Format
This standard specifies the description formats for monographs, serial publications, patent documents, documents extracted from monographs, and documents extracted from serial publications. In the five description formats, the description items marked with the words "optional" are optional items of the reference, and the remaining items are essential items of the reference. Optional items can be included according to the characteristics of the reference itself in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 6 of this standard.
3.1 Monographs
3..1 Recording itemsbzxz.net
Main contributors
Document type identifier (optional)
Other contributors (optional)
Publishing item (Place of publication: publisher, year of publication) Document quantity (optional)
Series item (optional)
Notes item (optional)
Document label (optional)
Recording format
Main contributors Title, [Document type identifier]. Other contributors. Edition, Place of publication: publisher, publishing partner. Document quantity. Series item, Notes item, Document standard number Example: 1 Liu Shaoqi, On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members. Revised 2nd edition. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 1962. 76 2 Morton I. T, ed. Use of medical literature. 2 nd ed, London: Buttcrworths, 1977- 462p. Inforimation saurces fur research and development, Is BN0-408-70916 2
3.2 Serial publications
Approved by the National Bureau of Standards on May 5, 1987
Implemented on January 1, 1988
Description items
Key contributors
GB 7714-87
Volume, issue, year, month or other identification (year, month, volume (issue) year, month, volume (issue), D (optional) publication item (place of publication: publisher, year of publication): series item (optional)
Notes item (optional)
h. Standard document number (optional)
3.2.2 Recording format
Title. Main responsible person, version, year, month, volume (issue) ~ year. Month, volume (issue), place of publication: publisher, year of publication. Series item. Notes. Document number example: 1 Geological Review, Geological Society of China. 1936, 1 (1) →, Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1936～2 Communications equipment inanufacturers, Manufacturing and PrimaryIndustries Division, Statistics Canada, Prcliminary ed. 1970- .Ottawe: Statistics Canada, I970-~. Annual census of manufacturers, Text in English and French. Iss N700-07583.3 Patent Documents
3.3.1 Item 7
Patent Applicant
Patent Title
Other Contributors (optional)
Notes (optional)
Document Identification
Patent Category
Patent Document Type
Patent Number
Publication Date
3.3.2 Format of Description
Patent Applicant, Patent Title: Other Contributors, Notes. Patent Country, Patent Document Type, Patent Number, Publication Date Example: Carl Zeiss Jena, VBD. Anordnung zur lichtele-creischen Erfassmng der Mitte eines Lichtfeldes. Erfindcr: W Feist, C Wahnert, E Feistauer, Int.Cl, G 02 B27/14.Schweiz, patentschrift, 608 626.1979.1.153.4 Extracted documents from monographs
3. 4. 1 Bibliographic items
Extracted author
Extracted title
Extracted other authors (optional)
Original document author
Original document title
Publication page (place of publication: publisher, year of publication) in the original reference
Document format
GB 7714--87
Extracted author. Extracted title, extracted other authors, see: Original document author. Original document title, version, place of publication, publisher, year of publication. Position in the original document Example 1: Weinstein L, Swartz M N. Pathogenic properties of invasive nicroorganism, In: Sodcman W A, Ir, Sodeman WA, ed. Pathologic physiology: mechanisms of disease. Philadephia, Saunder, 1974. 457-4723,5 Extracted documents from serial publications
3.5.1 Scope of inclusion
Extracted author
Extracted title
Extracted other authors (optional)
Original document title
e: Version
f. Position in the original document
3.5.2 Format of inclusion
Extracted author, extracted title, extracted other authors, original document title, version, position in the original document Example: 1 Li Siguang. Crustal Tectonics and Crustal Movement, Chinese Science, 1973 (4.400～4292 Mastri AR, Neuropathy of diabctic neurogenic bladder, Ann Intern Med, 198092 (2.2) 1 316~318
4 Source of Recording
The source of the reference number in the text is the document itself. Monographs and serial publications can be recorded in the order of title page, cover, and header. Microforms, recordings and other book materials can be recorded according to the title frame, film head, label on the container, and accessories. 5 General Rules for Recording
5.1 Literature
5.1.1 Reference number in the text In principle, the document itself should be used for recording. 5.1.2 When recording numbers, the original form of the document must be maintained. However, Arabic numerals should be used to indicate edition, issue number, volume number, page number, year of publication, etc. The edition is indicated by the ordinal number. The edition is indicated by the ordinal abbreviation. 5.2 Abbreviations
The surnames of authors, editors and publishers named by name are recorded in full, while the given names can be abbreviated to the initials (see 6.1.1). If the person's name cannot be identified by the initials, the full name should be used. The state, province, country, etc. attached to the place of publication in the publication item (see 6.7.1.1) and the names of institutions and groups used as qualifiers can be abbreviated by recognized methods.
The abbreviations of journal titles should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Appendix CIS04-1984 "Documentation Work-International Rules for the Establishment of Journal Titles" of this standard.
5.a Capital letters
When recording foreign documents, the use of capital letters must conform to the customary usage of the text used in the document itself. 5.4 Symbols for Bibliography
The following symbols may be used for references: "" for subtitle, title text, publisher, producer, page number of extracted documents in serial publications, year of publication, year of production, type of patent document, patent country, volume number, part number, original title line of extracted documents in serial publications, series number, serial number, and subsequent "position in original document" item; () for qualifiers, issue number, part number, edition of newspaper, place of production, producer, and year of production; GB 7714-7
[ ] for document type identification and author's own bibliographic content. Except for the above items, the remaining bibliographic items are followed by ".", except for the last item. 6 Bibliographic Details
6.1 Main Contributors
The main contributor refers to the individual or group who is mainly responsible for the knowledge or artistic content of the document. The main contributors include authors, patent applicants or patent owners, and compilers of compilations. 6.1.1 Individual authors should be recorded with the surname first and the given name last. The author's given name can be abbreviated without "," after the abbreviated name. However, the Chinese translation of European and American authors can only record the surname. Example: 1 Li Shizhen
2 EinsteinA
3 Wei Jie
(Original title: Li Shizhen)
(Original title: Albert Hinstein)
(Original title: Volt, Wei Jie)
6.1.2 When there are no more than three contributors in the same way, all of them can be recorded. When there are more than three contributors, only the first contributor should be recorded, followed by "etc." or other corresponding words. Example: 1 Marx, Engels
2 Yelland RL, Jones SC, Easton KS, et al.6.1.3 For documents without a responsible person or whose responsible person is unclear, the "main responsible person" item should be marked with "repeated name" or other corresponding words. For references arranged in a sequential coding system, this item can be omitted and the title can be recorded directly. Example: Anom. 198l. Coffee drinking and cancer uf the pancreas.Br Med J 283:628
6.1.4 If the institution or group that contributes to the document has a special name, it can be recorded directly according to the recorded source. Otherwise, the name of the institution or group should be recorded in a hierarchical manner from top to bottom.
Example: 1 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
2 American Chemical Society.3 S tanford University. Department of Civil Engineering.6.2 Title
Titles include book titles, journal titles, patent titles, extracted titles, etc. The title is recorded in the form of the source. If necessary, the title can be recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 5. Example: 1 Chemical kinetics and reactor principles. 2 Gases in sea ice 1975~1979. 3 J Math & Phys
6.2.1 If the source contains multiple titles, two titles in prominent positions can be recorded. Example: 1 Baichuan Shuzhi Gujin Shuke
2 Road map of France. Carte routiere de la France. 6.2.2 The subtitle and explanatory title text can be selected according to the disclosure of the external characteristics of the document. If necessary, the subtitle and explanatory title text can be recorded.
For example, the crustal movement hypothesis: from continental drift to plate tectonics, 6.2.3 In the references, the identification title (Key. title) of the continuous mountain publication can replace the title provided by the source. Example: Scientia (Milano)
6.8 Document type identification (optional)
The document type identification is recorded according to GB3469-83 "Document Type and Donation Carrier Code". For example, the document type identifiers for microforms, sound recordings, and image recordings are "M", "A", and "V", respectively. This item is not recorded for printed documents. 6.4 Other responsible persons (optional)
Other responsible persons refer to those other than the main responsible person. For example, editors, authors, illustrators, patent inventors, and sponsoring organizations. However, the editor of a compilation can be treated as the author and recorded in the main contributor item. Other responsible persons and the way of writing are recorded in the form recorded in the source. For example, 1 Naisbitt, Big Trends, Ten New Directions to Change Our Lives, translated by Mei Yan 2 Dryden J. The works of John Dryden, Ed, by HT Swedenberg 6.5 Versions
The first edition is not recorded, but other version descriptions must be recorded. The version is indicated by Arabic numeral ordinal abbreviations or other identifiers. Example: 1 3rd edition
2 5th ed.
s Rev ed.
（Original title: Third edition）
（Original title: Fifth edition）
（Original title: Revised edition）
（Original title: 1978 edition）
4 1978 ed.
6.6 Volume, issue, year, month or other identification (optional) For an incomplete set of serial editions, the volume, issue, year, month or other identification of the first and last volumes shall be recorded. For serial publications that have not been completed, only the volume, issue, year, month or other identification of the first volume shall be recorded. Example: 1956, 119638
1974, 1(1)~
6.7 Publication Items
Publication items are recorded in the order of place of publication, publisher, and year of publication. For book materials, the place of production, producer, and year of production can also be recorded and placed in brackets.
Example: Beijing, Science Press, 1985. New York: Acudemlir Press, 1978.6.7.1 Place of Publication
6.了.1.1 Place of Publication Record the name of the city where the publisher is located. For city names with the same name but in different places or that are not familiar to people, the state name, province name, country name, etc. can be attached after the city name (see 5.2). Example: Cambridge (Eng)
Carnbridge (Mass )
6.7.1.2 If there are multiple places of publication in a document, only the one in a prominent position shall be recorded. If there is no place of publication, "Place of publication unknown" or a corresponding word shall be indicated.
Example 1: 1 London: Butterworths, 1978. (Original title Butterworths
London Boston Sydney
Wellington Durban Toronto 1978) 2 (s,1.J:Macmillan, 1975.
3 [Place of publication unknown]: Commercial Press, 1982.6.7.2 Publisher
6.7.2.1 The publisher may be recorded in the form of the source or in the generally accepted simplified or abbreviated form. Example 1 IRRI (Original title: International Rice Research Institute) 2 Wiley (Original title. John Wiley and Sons Co) 6.7.2.2 When the source contains multiple publishers, only record the publisher in a prominent position. Example: Chicago: ALA, 1978.
(Original title: American Library Assuciation/ChicagoCanadian Library Association/Ottawa 1978) 6.7.2.3 If there is no publisher, indicate "publisher unknown" or a corresponding word. Example: Salt Lake City: snJ, 1964.6.7.3 Publication date
GB 7T14—87
6.7.8. The year of publication shall be recorded in the Gregorian calendar and in Arabic numerals. If there are other forms of chronology, the original form of chronology shall be enclosed in "()". Newspapers and patent documents shall record the publication date in detail in the form of year, month and day. Example: 1705 (the 44th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi)
1985(.1 2
6.7.8.2) For multi-volume publications published in different years, the starting year should be recorded. For multi-volume publications that have not been completed, the year of publication of the first volume should be recorded first, followed by “→”. Example: 1973～75
6.7.3.3 When the publication year cannot be determined, the copyright year, printing year, and estimated year can be used in turn. Example: 1978
1982 printing
6.8 Document quantity (optional)
6,8. 1 Printed monographs
The document quantity of printed monographs is expressed in the number of pages, leaves, volumes, etc. Example: 620 pages
6.8.2 Non-book materials
The document quantity of non-book materials is recorded according to the number of document carriers. Example: 13 boxes
2 12 microfiches
6.9 Series items (optional)
The series items are recorded according to the content of the recorded source. Series items include series name and series number, series name and series number, etc. Example: 1 Construction worker technical learning series, 22 Inlerscience tracts an physics and astronomytno. 23 Notes (optional)
The supplementary materials listed below can be described in the notes. 6.10.1 The way to obtain rare documents.
: Available from NTIS:AD6834286. 10.2 Reprints, copies, photocopies, etc. can explain their relationship with the original in the notes. Example: Reprint of original published Boston: Estes and Lauriat, i9026, 10.3 The object of obtaining or using the document. Example: Governrncnt use only
6.10.1 The situation of pre-publication of the relevant documents. Example 1 Forthcoming
2 Application No 26032/71 filed 19 Apr 1971, Complete sperificalionpublished 24 Apr 1974
6.10.5 Classification and classification number.
Example: De wey:001.64' 25
IntCI:G02B27/14
6.10.6 Other materials that are considered to be of considerable importance and require annotation. Example; Limited ed. 1oo copies
6.11 Standard document number
[The standard document number such as Inter-agency Standard Book Number (ISBN) and International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) shall refer to the relevant standard references. Example: ISBN 0 552-6787-3
ISSN 0340 - 0352
6.12 Extracted documents
GB 7714-87
Extracted documents shall be recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of 3.4 of this standard. The relationship between the extracted documents and the original documents in the monograph shall be indicated by the word "see" or other corresponding words.
Example 1. 1 Duclos R, Doukhan N, Escaig B. High lemperature creep behavior ofncarly stoichiometric alumina spinel. J Mat Sci 1978,3: 1740~17482 Eissen H N. Immunology: an introduction to moalecular and cellular principles of the immune responses. 5th ed. New York, Harper and Row, 1974.406||t t||3 Cowan J C. Saund recordiag.In: Mason D, A primer of non-book male-rials in libraries, Rey ed. Londont Asyociation of Iibraries Iibrarians.1978,94 ~110
Documents extracted from serial publications should indicate the chronological number, volume, issue, part number, and page number of the original reference in the "placement in the original document" column.
Example: 1980, 92 (2, 2): 316~318++**
Volume, issue, part number, page number
198515 (1)
Year, month, day, newspaper edition
6.12.2 For any article serialized in the same serial publication, its subsequent part does not need to be recorded separately. The chronological number, volume, issue, part number, page number, etc. of the subsequent part can be directly indicated after the original reference document. For example, 1981, 1: 37~44#1981, 2: 47～52++
Year, the reference number
7 Reference list
Profit page number
Reference list can be organized by sequential coding system or by "author-year of publication" system. 7.1 Sequential coding system
When the reference list is organized by sequential coding system, the references in the reference list should be listed in the order marked in the main body of the monograph (see Appendix B.1).
Example: 1 Shanghai First Hospital. Medical Pharmacology. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 1977.242 Garattini S. Advance in pharmacology and chemotherapy v. 15. NewYork; Academic Press,1978,3503 Adrian R H. Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology y,84.sl:Springer，1978.226
7. 2*"Author-year of publication" system
When the reference list adopts the "author-year of publication" system, the documents in the reference list are first collected by language type, which can be divided into five parts: Chinese, spoken Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and other languages, and then arranged by author production order and publication year. Chinese documents can be arranged by stroke order (\一", "↑", ")", ","", "→"), or by Chinese phonetic alphabetical order (see Appendix B, 2). Example: Beulton G S. 1978. Boulder shapes and grain-size distributions of debris as indicators of Transpor paths through a glacier and lill genesis, Sedi-mentology, 25:773~799
GB 7T1487
Boulton G S. lg82. I'rocesses and patterns of glacia erosion, Inr CoatesD R, ed. Glacial geomorpholog, London: Allen & Unwin, 4l -47Cruwell JC, Frakes LA,l97l, Late Paleozoic glariation: part IV Aus-tralia-Bull Geol Soc Am,82:2515-2540Dreimanis A,Reavecly G H.1953.Differentialion of the lower and upperlill along the north shore of Lake Erie. J Sedim Petrol, 23:238 -~2598Reference Notation
The references cited in the main body of the monograph can be notated in the sequential coding system or in the “author-year of publication” system (see Appendix B).
B. 1 Sequential Coding System
8.1.1 The sequential coding system is to code the references in the main body of the article in the order in which they appear, and put the serial numbers in square brackets. Example: H. Cross, a West German scholar, studied the control of the Tertiary folds by the Paleogene faults in the Jura Mountains near Basel, Switzerland 253. After that, he described the third large-scale nearly north-south tectonic belt such as Silesia, and proposed the idea that the geosyncline developed on the base of an inhomogeneous block. 8.1.2 When citing multiple references, just list the serial numbers of each reference in square brackets, with "," between the serial numbers. If you encounter a continuous serial number, you can mark the serial number of the paper.
For example, Pei Wei) proposed…
(355-256
Morad’s study on the joint format of the stable zone 8.2 “Author-year of publication” system
8.2.1 When the “author-year of publication” system is adopted in the main body of the monograph, the annotation content of each document shall consist of the author Yao and the year of publication. If it is impossible to identify the person’s name by only marking the author’s surname, the author’s name may be marked. For example, Chinese authors, Korean authors, Japanese authors with Kanji names, etc. Documents written by collective authors may be marked with the name of the institution. Example: The notion af an invisible callege has been explored in the sciences(Crane 1972). Its absence among historians is noles by Stieg (1981).It may be, as Burchard (1965) points out ....When all references are in this format, the year of publication should be listed immediately after the author. In this case, the year of publication can be omitted.
Crane D. 1972. Invisible college. Chicago: Univ, of Chicago Press, Stieg MF, l98l. The information needs of historians. Coll. atd Res, Libraries, 42 (6): 549~560
8.2.2 When citing multiple authors, only the surname of the first author should be cited, followed by the word "etc." or a corresponding word. 8.2.3 When citing multiple articles published by the same author in the same year, the year of publication should be distinguished by lowercase letters a, b, c, etc. l:Kennedy WJ, Garrison RE, 1975a, Morphology nd genesis of nadulurchalks and hardgrounds in the Upper Cretaceous of Southern England, Sedimentology, 22: 311-386
Kennedy WJ, Garrison R E. 1975b. Morphology and gencsis uf nodularphosphates in thc Cenomanian of south-east England. Lethaia, 8#339 ~360
GB 7714—87
Appendix A
Examples of Reference Format
(References)
The examples in this appendix do not record “options”. A.1 Monographs
Example: Liu Guojun, Chen Shaoye, Wang Fengjia, ed., Library Catalog. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1957 Xisha Islands Investigation Team of Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Soil and Guano Mines of Xisha Islands in my country, Beijing: Science Press, 1977
Horko H, Bernier C L. Indexing concepts and methods. New York:Academic Pr,1978
International Federation of Library Association and Institutians. Names of persons: national usages for entry in catalogues. 3rd ed. London.IFLA International Office for UBC, 1g77A,2Conference Papers
Example: Rosenthall EM, ed Proceedings of the fifth Canadian Mathematical Congress, Univ of Montreal, 196l.Toronto: Univ of Toronto Pr , 196:A.3Reports
Example: World Ilealth Organization. Factors rcgulating the immune response; reportof WHO Scientific Group.Geneva, WHO,1970A.4 Dissertation
Example: Zhang Zhusheng, Invariant sets of differential semidynamic systems: [Dissertation], Beijing: Institute of Mathematics, Department of Mathematics, Peking University, 1983
Cairns RB, Infrared spectroscopic studies on solid oxygen: [disscrtalion] Berkeley: Univ uf California, 1965A,5 Literature extracted from monographs
Example: Bo Chengyi, Chen Yuntai, Qi Chizhong. Foundations of Geophysics, Beijing: Science Press, 1985, 447 Huang Yunhui. For the trends in international mineralogical research, see: Cheng Rongqi et al., ed., Trends in the Development of World Geological Science and Technology, Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1982: 38～39
Buseck FR, Nord GL, Jr , Veblen DR. Subsolidus phenomena in pyroxenes. In: Prewitt CT, ed. Reviews in mineralogy, pyroxenes v7.[slJt Mineralogical Sociely af America : 1980. 117~211GB 7714-87
Le Maitre R W. Numercal petrology: statistical interpretation of geochemical data, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1982. 210A,6 Literature extracted from serial publications
Example: Hua Luogan, H Yuan: On uniform distribution! Approximate analysis, number theory methods (I) Chinese Science, 1973 (4): 339-357 Tao Renwei, Cryptography and mathematics, Nature Magazine, 1984, 7 (7): 527 The Compilation Group of the Geological Map of the Continent. An Overview of Geological Methods and Geological History of the Continent. Geological Journal, 1978, 3: 194-208 Zhao Junyu, A Brief Discussion on Zhang Taiyan before and after the Revolution of Xin Can. Guangming Monthly, 19770324 (4) Hcwitt J A. Technical services in 1983. Library Resources and Technical Services, 1984, 28 (3): 205-218
B,1 Sequential Coding System
Text and Citations:
GB 7714-87
Appendix B
Reference Notation Method and Example of Reference Documentation (Reference)
There are many different opinions about the origin of the subject method. Some people in China believe that "the formation and development of the subject method indexing system began with the book "Library Journal Compilation Technology" by Crestadoro of the United Kingdom in 1856", "the earliest foreign country to use the subject method to organize catalog indexes was the related subject indexes of the Dewey Decimal Classification System. The 23rd Library was the first to use the subject method" (23) 3, and some people believe that "Bergason Franklin of the United States lent books to the library. Some studies on the history of subject indexing abroad show that the emergence of the subject method is closely related to the compilation of indexes. American scholar Busa (R.Busa) believes that "maybe there were indexes of biblical sentences as early as the seventh or eighth century" 25. American Whitley It is believed that manuscripts with alphabetical indexes did not appear until the 14th century (2). Since words are used as single characters in Western languages, and letters are used as single characters, this kind of biblical morpheme index can be said to be a form of subject index that searches from the content aspect. The oldest index that meets the recognized standards is the Index of Important Biblical Words compiled by British scholar Rego in 1247 (27] Reference:
23 Liu Yuansheng: On the Standardization of Subject and Classification Retrieval Systems in my country, Beijing Library Newsletter, 1980 (2): 19-23 24 Yang Peiting, Zhao Liancheng, Several Issues on Establishing Retrieval Systems (Draft). Beijing: China Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, 1963 25 Borko H, Charles LB, Indexing concept and melhods, New York: Academic Press, 1978
26 Library Science Department of Wuhan University: Collection of Research Materials on Diary Studies: Volume 4 Foreign Diary Studies. Wuhan: Library Science Department of Wuhan University, 1980.173~178
27 Pettec J. Subject headings: the history and theory of the alphabelical subject approach to books.New York: Wilson, 1946B.2 "Author-year of publication" system
Main branch and text:
Related" There are many different opinions on the origin of the subject method. Some people in China believe that "the formation and development of the subject method retrieval system began with the book "Catalog Technology for Library Compilation" by Crestadoro of the United Kingdom in 1856", "the earliest foreign country to use the subject method to organize the index of the catalog was the related subject index of the Dewey Decimal Classification..." (Liu Xiangsheng 1980). Some people also believe that "the Franklin Lending Library in the United States was the first to use the subject method" (Yang Peiting 1963). Some foreign studies on the development history of card catalogs show that the emergence of the subject method is closely related to the compilation of indexes. American scholar R. Busa believes that "the index of biblical sentences may have existed in the seventh or eighth century" Borko 1978>. The American Ministry of Health believes that manuscripts with alphabetical indexes appeared as early as the fourteenth century (Wuhan University Library Science Department 1980). Since the Bible is based on words rather than letters, this kind of index can be said to be a form of subject index that searches from the perspective of content. The oldest index that meets the recognized standards is the Index of Important Biblical Words compiled by Hugo of England in 1247 (Petlee 1946). References: Liu Xiangsheng. 1980. On the standardization of the retrieval system of the title method and classification method in my country. Beijing Library Newsletter, (2): 19-23. Wuhan Renxue Pavilion Library Department. 1980. Collection of Research Materials on Biblical Studies: Volume 4, Foreign Biblical Studies, Wuhan: Department of Library Science, Wuhan University: 173-178. Yang Peiting, Zhao Liancheng. 1963. Several issues on establishing a retrieval system (first): Beijing: China Institute of Scientific and Technical Information Borko H, Charles LB, 1978. Indexing concept and methods. New York, Academic Press
Pettee J. 1946, Subject headings: the history and theory of the alphabetical subject approach to books. New York, WilsonNewYork,WilsonNewYork,Wilson
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