This standard specifies the definition of terms, evaluation methods, detection methods and data processing methods for straightness error detection. This standard applies to the straightness error detection of parts and elements in mechanical products. This standard is a specific provision for straightness error detection in GB/T 1958. GB/T 11336-2004 Straightness error detection GB/T11336-2004 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

S17.040.10
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T11336—2004
Generation GT111335—198s
Straightness error detection
Measrement of departures from slraighiness2004-11-11 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China China National Standardization Administration
2005-07-01 Implementation
This standard replaces GB/T133-185/116·15. The changes are as follows:
Current referenced documents New revision of the new standard: New concepts of terminology related standards: Appropriate supplements were made in the revision of CB/T1*336-2004
Two parts of the original standard were deleted, including "Straightness temperature difference measurement machine" and "Linear error measurement application",
This standard was voted by the National Product Dimension and Geometric Specification Standardization Technical Committee. The starting units of this standard are: Institute of Mechanical Science, National Institute of Planning and Design, China. The standard should be determined by the person in charge, Ji Huo, Zhang Heng
The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows: GBT11—R6S
1 Standard
Straightness error detection
GB/T11336—2004
This standard defines the technical definition, evaluation method, detection method and data processing method of straightness error measurement. This standard is applicable to the straightness error detection of parts in mechanical products. This standard is a specific provision for the error detection of the centerline of CB/158 2 Normative references
The following documents are referenced by the national standards and are the references of this standard. For any referenced document with a date indicated, its accompanying amendments (excluding errors) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the latest version of the document may be used based on the agreement reached with this standard. For any referenced document without a date indicated, its latest version shall apply to this standard: GB/T11A2 Shape and position tolerance rules, specifications, symbols and drawings (GB/T1192-IJ95.cVISX)/TIS:1G11996)
H/T153 Shape and position tolerance test rules
G/TR53-1998 Functional measurement specifications
GB/T18780.1 Product measurement technical specification (GPS) Part 1: Basic techniques and definitions (GB/T18780.12002.idt1 14660-1,1659)3 Terms and definitions
GH/T1182, GB/T1968 and GB/T18780.1 as well as the following terms and definitions in this standard: 3.1
Ideal straight line atrnightFine
A straight line in the geometric sense,
real straight line
real Thie
A straight line that actually exists on the surface of the object (2.41 in GB/T18780.1). 3.3
The obtained straight line (extracted straight line) is measured according to the provisions of 1 mountain. The actual straight line or the straight line formed by the finite points within the bill of lading is taken as the necessary elements (see H/T18780.1 2. The extracted elements are necessary.
Note: When evaluating the straightness difference, the visual line is used to represent these actual points. 3.4
The total straightness error value drparturefromstraightness is the amount of the actual straight line loaded to its ideal straightness or the amount of cargo support. The position of the ideal straight line should meet the minimum conditions. That is, the value expressed by the minimum inclusion area of ​​the virtual line or the whole, see Figures 1 to 3, straight line error classification:) The straight line installation error within a given surface (see 1) HE
GB/T 11336--2004
5) Given the straightness error of a point in the direction (see Figure 2a), the straightness error of a point in the direction (see Figure 3) can be determined. 3
minimum zone of straightness includes the area between two parallel lines or parallel planes with the minimum width, or the area within the cylinder with the minimum diameter.
reference line for assessing the mean of dephrture from straightness in the measurement process, and the reference line for assessing the mean of dephrture from straightness in the measurement process.
Minimum area lineminimomnaelinc
One of the ideal straight lines or axis lines parallel to the network of the small inclusive area, Note: When using two parallel production surfaces to obtain the small inclusive area, the scenic area city line is parallel to the plane and half of the projection level on the room plane 3.7.2
The minimum area line is the ideal straight line from each point on the actual straight line to the departure line and the sum of the two points is the minimum ideal straight line 3.7.3
The two end points connecting the plastic tnrTwoeadploritsline is the line connecting the first and last points on the actual straight line.
GB/T11336—2004
Minimum squares cylindrical surface velocity with the axis of the least squares mean When evaluating the direction of the straight line error, it is the actual straight line, and the direction of the axis is parallel to or coincides with the least squares mean line and has the smallest diameter.
The line connecting the two end points includes the cylindrical surface velocity with the east squares mean. When evaluating the direction of the straight line error, it is the actual straight line, and the direction of the line is parallel to or coincides with the line connecting the two points, half of the line, or has two extreme points in the minimum area (the measured points are on the surface). 4 Evaluation method
The evaluation method of straight line error includes the minimum inclusion area method, the minimum remainder method and the two end point line method: the evaluation result of the minimum inclusion area is less than or equal to its local smoke type. 4.1 Small area subtraction method and its judgment method
4.1.1 Minimum inclusion area method
Use the small area line as the evaluation method, and obtain the straightness error value according to this method. 4.1.1.1 For a given plane (the point line error in a given direction is shown in Figure 4): 2
Where:
fw =f=du-due
The maximum value of the measured point relative to the center of the measurement area M, the minimum distance value of the measurement, α. Take positive values ​​at the top and negative values ​​at the bottom
4.1.1.2 The straight line seat error (see Figure 5) fu.=y-ad
Where:
Get the value of the increased distance of the measurement area or practice. 4.1.2 The method of distinguishing the small measurement area
, 1.2.1 In a given plane, two straight lines are included in the actual straight line, forming a high-low-or low-high-low alternating form.
4.1.2.2 In the given plane, two parallel planes include the international line, eliminating the main direction (length direction) - A point can be a high or low point, a low point, a contact shape (ground correction 7), and also control the projection reverse judgment, the total projection direction should be multiplied by the point in the earthwork and the given space. GB/T11336-2004
4.1.2.3 In any total space, the actual line of the main batch bread plan is one of the following three forms: one point form
three points on the same battle surface, and alternately distributed between the axes (see Figure 0)
loss point
GB/T11336-2004
: China-, 3 West point No single line is the shadow of the makeup just together, single, 1,3 two points on the line, and the Lu Ren 1,3 loss point between, h) day point form (see Figure 9).
) Five-point sequence (see Figure 13).
Explanation:
(12 34)=(12, a4;
1) In the above closed column, the numbered points on the straight line \(* represents the projection of the points on the plane not including the abandoned listening and the drawing, 2) In the above engraving, the numbered points on the circumference "" represent the projection of the source point on the plane of the color through the circle on the plane of the teacher and the axis, and the number of the formula corresponds to the actual number of the point on the straight line 13.24
where the distance between the numbered points on the straight line in the figure is the quotient. 3)(12.34)-
4)12.a4]=gin3:gin24
The angle between the two points on the circle in the figure and the center of the circle is N'n23-ain
5) In the four-point form (13,34) 1 point, +1, 3.24in Ta- gir. 24
23.14+ sin 23, si. 4
The above equation is established, when the above figure. The new drawing is completed. Connect the points on the circle in Figure 11 with the center of the circle and extend the area: Draw any line with these four figures at 1234 and move the soldiers upward in the sweeping line, so that point 1 and point 1 are connected to the platform. If 2, 2 are connected, 3.3 are connected, and the extension line of 2,4 meets point D, then the above equation is established, that is, the diameter of the surface passing through the area is small. 6 The five-point form has other deformation forms. Therefore, 4.2 Least square method and its variants
4.2.1 Least square method
Use the least square midline as the evaluation base (or baseline direction) and obtain the straightness error estimate according to this method. 5
GB/T11336—2004
4.2.1.1 Straightness error of a given plane (or direction) (Figure 12): Figure 12
fis = dtnr-
The maximum and minimum deviation values ​​of the measured points for the minimum sampling. In the case of the minimum value, take positive values ​​above and negative values ​​below. 4.2.1.2 The degree of directness of sexual orientation (see 13): fin pf.
Station:
(12, :14) [1*, 15]
(1,34)(12, 94)
(12, 34)≤2.4)
(23, 45 (23, 45)
The diameter of the least squares median line: Figure 13
GR/T11336—204
4.2.2 Judgment method for straightness error in any direction Use the axis around the parallel least squares median line to enclose the actual straight line, in one of the following functional forms: 2) Two-point form or (see Figure 14
h Two-point form see Figure 1.
In actual application, it can be calculated according to formula (5) (see Figure 1), Figure 16
GR/T11336—2004
武中,
fis ss 2rlnix
Measure the distance from the point to the least squares center, 4.3 Two-point connection method and its discrimination methodwwW.bzxz.Net
4.3.1 Two-point connection method
Use the two staggered point speed line (\: as the evaluation base (or baseline direction) evaluation method, and then use this method to obtain the straight line error value: 4.3.1.1 Straightness error of a given plane (or given square) (using 17): 7
I prove = rnn ma
武中,
the minimum deviation of the measured point relative to the line connecting the two end points. For the mountain, take positive values ​​above the line connecting the two end points and negative values ​​below. 4.3.1.2 Liu is the straightness error obtained in any direction (see Figure 1): Figure 18
where:
ding added point connecting line includes the wind in the plane straight line
4.3.2 Direction straightness error judgment method f
When the tear line is parallel to the end point connecting line of the product, the cylindrical surface includes the actual line, the family is one of the following two forms a) one point form (see Figure 19):
6) two point form (see Figure 29)
In actual application, if the points are distributed in each direction of the two point connecting line, the simplified calculation is carried out according to branch (8) (see Figure 21). 武中
fur =- 2d wx
Black points to two points and even money is thrown away from the middle front avenue. 8
5 Testing methods
Figure 19
5.1 Classification of testing methods
The testing methods in this standard are classified according to the measurement theory, the performance analysis tools, etc., see Shang 22 Image
Energy method
Network loss method
6 Method
Indicator
Light sugar station
Water orchid method
Decline or collection basis
Decline and length let
Ping product selection
Reverse for
God position travel
Control and method
Quantity inspection registration
GB/IH1336—2004
GB/T 11336—2004
5.2 Common symbols and their explanations The symbols and their explanations in the relevant documents are as follows: 1. The number of bearings, adjustable bearings or solid bearings can be used for direct transmission along a straight line in several directions. 5.3 Direct method The continuous rotation (smaller than the discontinuous rotation) is a measurement method with a measuring instrument (measurement device with equal sign to obtain the amount of sugar solution). Other methods can be used to obtain the coordinates of each point on the measured straight line directly through measurement to directly assess the error value of the direct measurement method. 5.3.1 5.3.1.1 Compare the light formed between the measured straight line and the base with the standard light, and evaluate the error value of the film according to the method shown in Figure 23. This method is suitable for measuring the error of the small plane and the round surface processed by grinding or grinding. Sample size: Test line: Polishing: Source: Positive slope. Measurement origin: Make the element water as small as possible.
Ding added point connecting line includes wind in the plane straight line
4.3.2 Direction straightness error judgment method f
When the tear line is parallel to the two end points of the product, the cylindrical surface includes the actual line, and the family uses the following two forms: a) one point form (see Figure 19):
6) two point form (see Figure 29)
In actual application, if the points are distributed in each direction of the two points connecting line, the simplified calculation is carried out according to (8) (see Figure 21). Wu Zhong
fur =- 2d wx
Black point to two points connecting money to leave the middle front avenue. 8
5 Test methods
Figure 19
5.1 Classification of test methods
The test methods in this standard are classified according to the measurement principle, measurement solution, etc., see 22. Image
Effective method
Network loss method
6 Method
Indicator
Light source
Water source method
Decline or decline
Decline length
Ping product selection
Reverse measurement
God position movement
Control and management method
Quantity inspection registration
GB/IH1336—2004
GB/T 11336—2004
5.2 Common symbols and their explanations The symbols and their explanations in the relevant documents are as follows: 1. The number of bearings, adjustable bearings or solid bearings can be used for direct transmission along a straight line in several directions. 5.3 Direct method The continuous rotation (smaller than the discontinuous rotation) is a measurement method with a measuring instrument (measurement device with equal sign to obtain the amount of sugar solution). Other methods can be used to obtain the coordinates of each point on the measured straight line directly through measurement to directly assess the error value of the direct measurement method. 5.3.1 5.3.1.1 Compare the light formed between the measured straight line and the base with the standard light, and evaluate the error value of the film according to the method shown in Figure 23. This method is suitable for measuring the error of the small plane and the round surface processed by grinding or grinding. Sample size: Test line: Polishing: Source: Positive slope. Measurement origin: Make the element water as small as possible.
Ding added point connecting line includes wind in the plane straight line
4.3.2 Direction straightness error judgment method f
When the tear line is parallel to the two end points of the product, the cylindrical surface includes the actual line, and the family uses the following two forms: a) one point form (see Figure 19):
6) two point form (see Figure 29)
In actual application, if the points are distributed in each direction of the two points connecting line, the simplified calculation is carried out according to (8) (see Figure 21). Wu Zhong
fur =- 2d wx
Black point to two points connecting money to leave the middle front avenue. 8
5 Test methods
Figure 19
5.1 Classification of test methods
The test methods in this standard are classified according to the measurement principle, measurement solution, etc., see 22. Image
Effective method
Network loss method
6 Method
Indicator
Light source
Water source method
Decline or decline
Decline length
Ping product selection
Reverse measurement
God position movement
Control and management method
Quantity inspection registration
GB/IH1336—2004
GB/T 11336—2004
5.2 Common symbols and their explanations The symbols and their explanations in the relevant documents are as follows: 1. The number of bearings, adjustable bearings or solid bearings can be used for direct transmission along a straight line in several directions. 5.3 Direct method The continuous rotation (smaller than the discontinuous rotation) is a measurement method with a measuring instrument (measurement device with equal sign to obtain the amount of sugar solution). Other methods can be used to obtain the coordinates of each point on the measured straight line directly through measurement to directly assess the error value of the direct measurement method. 5.3.1 5.3.1.1 Compare the light formed between the measured straight line and the base with the standard light, and evaluate the error value of the film according to the method shown in Figure 23. This method is suitable for measuring the error of the small plane and the round surface processed by grinding or grinding. Sample size: Test line: Polishing: Source: Positive slope. Measurement origin: Make the element water as small as possible.
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