GB 4793.7-2001 Safety of electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges
Some standard content:
GB4793.7—2001
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory. Foreword
This standard is formulated based on EC61010-2-020:1992 Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges and Amendment No. 1 (1996) formulated by the 66th Technical Committee of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC "Safety of electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use". This standard is equivalent to IEC61010-2-020:1992 and Amendment No. 1. This standard should be used in conjunction with IEC61010-1. GB4793.1-1995 has adopted the 1990 edition of IEC61010-1 and the first amendment in 1991, but has not adopted the second amendment in 1995. To ensure the coordination and consistency between the standards, this standard is used in conjunction with IEC610101. The content of IEC61010-1 can refer to GB 4793. 11995.
The safety standard for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use consists of two parts. Part 1 is general requirements, and Part 2 is the special safety requirements for each product.
The part of this standard marked with "applicable" indicates that the corresponding provisions in IEC61010-1 are applicable to this standard. The part of this standard marked with "replace" or "change" shall be subject to the provisions in this standard; the part of this standard marked with "addition" indicates that in addition to complying with the corresponding provisions of IEC610101, it must also comply with the provisions added in this standard. This standard is proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Comprehensive Technical and Economic Research Institute of Machinery Industry Instruments. The drafting unit of this standard: Comprehensive Technical and Economic Research Institute of Machinery Industry Instruments. The main drafter of this standard: Mei Ke.
GB 4793.7--2001
IEC Foreword
1) The final resolutions or agreements of IEC on technical issues developed by the technical committees with the participation of all national committees with special concerns on this issue express as close as possible the international consensus on the issues involved. 2) These resolutions or agreements are for international use in the form of recommendations and are accepted by the national committees in this sense. 3) In order to promote international unification, IEC hopes that all national committees will adopt the contents of IEC standards as the provisions of their national committees within the scope permitted by their domestic conditions. Any differences between the standards recommended by IEC and the corresponding national standards should be clearly stated in the national standards as far as possible.
This standard is recommended by IEC No. 66 Developed by Technical Committee (Safety of Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use). This standard has the status of a safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: DIS
66E(CO)11
Voting Report
66E(CO)17
Full details of the votes for the approval of this standard may be found in the voting report shown in the table above. This standard should be used in conjunction with TEC 61010-1. IEC 61010-1 consists of the first edition of 1990, Amendment No. 1 of 1991 and Amendment No. 2 of 1995. IEC Future versions or revisions of IEC 61010-1 are under study. This standard supplements or amends the corresponding clauses of IEC 61010-1 in order to become an IEC standard: Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges.
Some clauses of IEC 61010-1 are not restated in this standard, but they still apply to this standard. Where there are "supplements", "modifications" or "replacements" in this standard, the relevant requirements, test requirements or notes in IEC 61010-1 shall also apply. Annex AA forms part of IEC 61010 Annex BB is for reference only.
In this standard: The following typographical fonts are used
——Requirements: Roman;
——Notes: Small Roman:
——Test specifications: Italic;
——Terms defined in Chapter 3 used in this standard: Small Roman. National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety of electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges
Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges 1 Model and purpose
Except for the following, this clause of IEC 61010-1 is applicable. 1.1 This clause is replaced by the following:
This standard applies to electric laboratory centrifuges. 1.1.1 This clause is added with the following:
GB 4793.72001
idt IEC 61010-2-020:1992
Additional precautions to be observed when separating flammable and explosive materials (see 5.4.4.101); - Additional precautions to be observed when separating materials with strong chemical reactions (see 5.4.4.101). 1.7.2 This clause is added with the following:
Rotating electrical machines within the scope of IEC 60034; Centrifuges for use in explosive atmospheres.
1.2 This clause is amended with the following contents:
Contact with moving parts (see 7.2);
- Movement of the centrifuge in case of damage (see 7.3.101); - Parts that are easily ejected (see 7.5);
- Small particles ejected into the exhaust system by the rotating assembly (see 7.5.104); - High-energy chemical reactions after rotor damage (see 7.1.105); - Failure of the seal (see 13.101).
1.4 This clause is amended with the following contents:
The contents after the third dash are amended as follows: Temperature 2℃~40℃;
2 Reference standards
Except for the following contents, this chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable. The following content is added to this clause:
ISO3864:1984 Safety colors and safety symbols 3 Definitions
Except for the following content, this chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable. 3.1 Equipment and equipment categories
Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on November 2, 2001 and implemented on June 1, 2002
The following content is added to this clause:
GB 4793. 7--2001
3.1.101 Centrifuge-rotor combination Laboratory centrifuge and rotating assembly that need to be operated and certified at the same time. 3.1.102 Digruption
Failure or separation of the rotating assembly or its parts during rotation. 3.1.103 Laboratory centrifuge (alsa centrifuge) Laboratory instrument that can centrifuge samples. 3.1.104 Drive system drive system
All centrifuge parts associated with the torsion or rotation support device and the rotating assembly. 3.2 This clause adds the following:
3.2.101 Bioseal
A device or additional structure that can be attached to the rotor, basket and closure device to prevent leakage, such as microbial leakage during centrifugation.
3.2.102 Bucket
An attachment to the rotor that supports one or more test arms. 3.2.J3 Chamber
The inner cavity of a laboratory centrifuge that contains the rotating assembly. 3.2.104 Protective casing The cover that completely covers the rotating assembly, including the cover and its fastening device. 3.2.105 Centrifuge chamber cover [id
The cover covering the centrifuge chamber.
3.2.106 Rotor
The basic component of the centrifuge, which rotates under the control of the drive system to keep the raw materials under the action of centrifugal force. 3.2.107 Rotor assembly A rotor with rotor accessories specified by the manufacturer. 3.2.108 Special key specialkey
Used for override control, a compensating control device for the safety system, its function cannot be replaced by other tools. Past: An activation code or code plate is a special key. 3.5 This article adds the following content:
3.5.101 Safety space clearance envelope For safety reasons,Space required to install a laboratory centrifuge. 3.5.102 Maximum credible accident (MCA) An artificially selected, representative worst-case test condition for evaluating the inherent mechanical safety of a centrifuge-rotor combination. (See Annex BB)
Previous: According to 7.5.102, the MCA is determined by the most unfavourable conditions applicable to a given centrifuge-rotor combination. 4 Tests
Except as follows, this clause of IEC 61010-1 applies. 4.3.11 Add the following to this clause:
NOTE: The purpose of this clause is to obtain the most unfavourable conditions for normal operation. 5 Marking and documentation
Except as follows, this clause of IEC 61010-1 applies. 5.1.2 Amend this clause with the following:
Amend the content after the second dash to read as follows: GB 4793. 7—2001
Identify the production batch of the equipment by serial number or other means. The following content is added to this clause:
5-1.101 Rotors and Accessories
All interchangeable rotors and rotor components, such as baskets, bushings, sleeves, etc., shall be marked with the name, registered trademark and identification code of the manufacturer or supplier.
1 Each rotor shall be marked with a number or other mark to more effectively identify the product batch number: 2 If the parts are too small or not suitable for marking, their markings may be marked on the original packaging and explained in the documentation. 3 For independent parts, such as hanging chains, which are only suitable for specific rotors or in specific positions for balance or other reasons, the manufacturer shall specify: a) The position of each basket and rotor shall be marked with the corresponding number or letter for identification. b) All machine covers, baskets, locking buttons, etc. shall be marked with sequential identifiers relative to the rotor. 4 Accessories used in conjunction with the rotor, such as balancing weights, etc., shall be marked with a set identifier. Compliance shall be checked by visual inspection.
5.4.2 This article adds the following content:
- A list of all laboratory centrifuge-specific rotors and accessories and their rated rotational frequencies; - Manufacturer's restrictions on the use of special centrifugal materials; - Density and volume restrictions and instructions for reducing the load on the rotating components. 5.4.3 This clause adds the following content:
Insert the following five dashes under the first dash: - Requirements for floors and workbenches in safe spaces (see 7.3.101); Note: 7.3.101 stipulates that the maximum distance that a laboratory centrifuge is allowed to move in the event of damage is 300 mm. The manufacturer's instructions should require users to mark this range around the centrifuge and indicate in the laboratory management procedures that no people or any dangerous substances should be within this range when the centrifuge is working.
The total weight of the centrifuge;
Pre-setting of a site:
- Leveling of the centrifuge:
Method of fixing the assembly surface:
Add the eighth dash as follows:
An emergency switch should be available to cut off the power supply in the event of a fault. This switch should be away from the laboratory centrifuge and is preferably installed outdoors or at the door. Centrifuges that need to be frequently moved do not require this switch. The weight of such centrifuges should be less than or equal to 18k and can be fastened with ropes.
5.4.4 This article adds the following content:
--Loading and balancing procedures;
--Rotor interchange procedures;
Specific requirements for operators at certain stages of the centrifugation process: Protective measures for all personnel: For example, it is stipulated that they must not lean on the centrifuge! They must not stay in the safe space for non-operating reasons; no hazardous substances must be placed in the safe space; - Instructions for the use of seals and other bioprotection components. The instructions should make it clear to operators that seals and related components are only part of the structure or bioprotection system (see domestic and foreign bioprotection manuals for details), and cannot be relied upon as the only way to protect workers and the environment when handling harmful microorganisms.
This article adds the following clauses:
5.4.4.101 Hazardous substances
GB 4793- 7—2001
When the centrifuge centrifuges toxic, radioactive or contaminating harmful microbial materials, the instructions should ask the operator and all service personnel to clearly state the preventive measures. When using hazardous Group I materials (see 5.4.5.101 Note 1. The "Laboratory Biological Containment Manual" approved by the World Health Organization), the test tube test should meet 13.101. If higher group materials are used, multiple protection levels should be provided. The instruction manual should require that the following materials are prohibited from being used in the centrifuge (see 1.1.1): flammable and explosive materials;
strong chemical materials.
Past: For the above materials, laboratory centrifuges can be specifically designed Safety measures, and this standard does not cover such models (see 1.1.1 and 1.1.2). Compliance is checked by visual inspection.
5.4.5 This clause adds the following content:
Add the following first paragraph:
When applicable, it may cover:
a) The way the equipment is fixed to the assembly surface and the inspection method of the assembly surface itself; b) Safety measures for operators during cleaning; c) Inspection of protective covers;
d) Inspection and safety considerations of rotor parts; e) Continuity of grounding protection:
f) Inspection of sealing rings and other biological protection components. The instructions should clearly state that according to the operating manual, Regular maintenance of containment enclosures and other biocontainment components is necessary to ensure their continued use.
Add the following clause to this article:
5.4.5.101 Cleaning and decontamination
The document should state:
If hazardous substances come out of or enter the equipment, the user should implement appropriate decontamination: - In places where static and cleaning are required, the manufacturer should indicate the name of the recommended decontamination material: "If the user uses a decontamination and decontamination method not recommended by the manufacturer, he should refer to the method provided by the manufacturer to ensure that the equipment is not damaged." If the steam sterilization decontamination method is used, the time-temperature conditions in Table 1A should be met. Table 1A Time-Temperature Temperature conditions
Absolute pressure
Rated temperature/℃
Corresponding steam temperature
Note: The minimum holding time is the purification time at the steam temperature, Note
Range/C
134~-138
126～129
121124
115~118
Minimum holding time
1Manufacturers should refer to the information on purification, dilution, use, characteristics and potential applications given in the "Laboratory Biocontainment Manual" approved by the World Health Organization (published in Geneva in 1984), and can also refer to the corresponding domestic standards. 2 Cleaning and purification are necessary safety measures before maintenance, repair or replacement of laboratory centrifuges, rotors and accessories. Manufacturers should provide users with proof that the measures have been implemented.
Qualification is checked by visual inspection.
5.4.5.102 Chemical effects and environmental influences
To ensure continued safety in use, the documentation should indicate which factors may cause damage, such as: Chemical effects:
- Environmental influences, including natural radiation: GB 4793. 7-2001
- Corrosion and wear of protective cover parts and other safety parts. Note: Evaluation can be based on existing data, such as information provided by material suppliers. The manufacturer should arrange additional tests related to the use of the centrifuge. 6 Protection against electric shock
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
7 Protection against mechanical hazards
Except for the following, this chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable. 7.1 Add the following content to this clause;
If the fragments generated by the broken parts of the rotating assembly lead to local damage to the protective cover, such as damage to the cover locking mechanism, the fragments should be allowed to be released and tested as a single fault condition. 7.2 Add the following content to this clause:
If contact with moving parts of the rotor assembly or the drive system under normal use and single fault conditions can cause injury, protective measures other than those permitted by 7.2.101 and 7.2.102 shall be provided to prevent contact by the operator. During the test, the operator shall use tools to open or move parts in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. No holes or other openings through which a 4 mm diameter slotted needle can pass are allowed on the top of the centrifuge chamber. Compliance is checked by visual inspection and by using the test finger shown in Figures B1 and B2 and a 4 mm diameter fine needle with an opening at the end of the measuring item to check under normal use and single fault conditions. The tip of the test finger as shown in Figure 2 points to a possible position when no force is applied. If an external force is applied, it can contact: a component, a rigid test finger as shown in Figure B1, the probe applies an external force of 10N, and this force is applied through the tip of the test finger to all external surfaces including the bottom of the centrifuge chamber to avoid wedging or levering. This test finger should not contact any moving parts that could cause injury.
7.2.101 Cover
The cover shall remain locked when the rotor drive is powered and when the peripheral speed of the rotating assembly is greater than 2 m/s (see Appendix BB). The cover locking mechanism shall not release when the power fails. If it is necessary to release it, a tool shall be used. The cover shall be locked with sufficient tension to meet the test results of 7.5.103 and to contain fragments caused by breakage. The manufacturer or test organization shall perform various tests using test equipment and provide corresponding test records to evaluate whether the following conditions are applicable to the centrifuge-rotor combination.
- Mechanical wear:
- Locking failure;
- Installation error;
- Corrosion1
- Material aging:
Material defects;
Vibration:
Cleaning and purification:
- Environmental influences:
- Other considerations applicable to the design.
For laboratory centrifuges that comply with all of the following limitations, the interlock mechanism may be replaced by a disconnect device (see Appendix BB). - a centrifuge with a device to keep the cover locked; - a power-off device to prohibit the drive motor from being energized when the cover is not locked; - the rotation frequency of the rotating component does not exceed 3600rpm; GB 4793.7-2001
- the energy of the maximum rotation frequency corresponds to the maximum energy of the rotating component, and the full load does not exceed 1k], - the maximum centrifugal force does not exceed 2000g;
- the maximum diameter of the rotating component does not exceed 250mml - a power-off switch that is independent of the position of the cover; - a visual path to observe any rotation of the rotating component after the cover is locked; - all rotating components should meet the requirements of 7.2 of EC61010-1 - if the circumferential speed of the rotating component exceeds 2m/s, a warning sign in accordance with ISO 3846 should be provided near the passage to indicate that the cover is not allowed to be opened before the rotation stops. If there is insufficient space for marking, symbol 14 in Table 1 may be considered as a sign. Compliance is checked by visual inspection; the test data are reviewed to confirm that all the above limitations are met; tests are performed in accordance with 7.5.103 and further tests are carried out to check compliance with safety.
7.2.102 Required path of rotating components during rotation If the manufacturer specifies that the rotor components require mutual induction operation (such as zonal or continuous flow rotors), it is permitted for the laboratory centrifuge to have an override control that allows the motor to be energized when the cover is open, as follows: a) The override control shall use a dedicated button to energize the motor, or a special protective plate shall be used to restrict access to the rotating components: b) A means of automatically canceling the override function shall be provided for application at the end of mutual induction use. Compliance is checked by visual inspection and relevant tests to confirm a) and b). 7.3 Add the following to this clause:
Add the following third paragraph:
The centrifuge shall not show significant displacement from its installed position during normal use. The following clause is added to this chapter:
7.3.101 Movement of the centrifuge in the event of a malfunction
When installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, the movement of a laboratory centrifuge due to unbalance of the rotating components, breakage of the rotating components and drive malfunction shall not be considered dangerous.
The movement of the centrifuge shall be limited by design, by fastening to the mounting surface, or by a combination of both, so that all parts of the centrifuge do not move more than 300 mm from their initial position at the far end of the centrifuge in any direction, or a smaller range specified by the manufacturer (see BB.2 for principle).
Compliance is checked by test, in normal use and under the most unfavourable conditions specified in 7.5 to 7.5.102, the movement of the centrifuge does not exceed 300 mm or a smaller range specified by the manufacturer. a) Unbalance:
Note that the use of an unbalance sensor can be used as a means of limiting the movement caused by unbalance, but when this sensor is not of high integrity, its possible failure should be taken into account when determining the unfavourable condition.
b) Rotating component breakage/drive system failure; Note: This failure mode producing maximum displacement is different from the failure mode determined by the MCA for measuring the protective cover in accordance with 7.5 to 7.5.102.) Drive system failure.
For the above test, the centrifuge is installed or fixed to the most unfavorable test surface (specified in the manufacturer's instructions for use), the selection of which is considered in accordance with the MCA of 7.5.102m).
7.5 This clause is replaced by the following:
7.5 Protection of parts susceptible to ejection or injection When using rotating components specified by the manufacturer, they should be designed for safe operation under normal use and single fault conditions. The centrifuge-rotor combination should be tested under all possible most unfavorable conditions, and single fault conditions should be considered non-quantitatively (see 7.5.102). The ability of the protective cover to resist each MCA should be tested in accordance with 7.5.103.
In the event of damage:
- Any rotating component parts or fragments (except as permitted in 7.5.104) shall not completely penetrate the protective cover. Check any visible gaps to determine that the protective cover can accommodate the rotor parts rotating in any direction. If there is a problem, the test can be repeated. If there is a problem again, it shall be considered as a failure.
- The pins of the centrifuge chamber cover should not be loose or bent, so that an unobstructed passage between any point on the rotating component and any point outside the centrifuge chamber is not allowed to exist.
The centrifuge-rotor combination specified by the manufacturer shall meet the requirements of this standard: a) The centrifuge-rotor combination including the MCA test shall pass the test of 7.5.103: b) For other centrifuge-rotor combinations, the two contents of a can be analyzed and evaluated to confirm that the protective cover verified by a is still applicable: Note: The centrifuge-rotor combination designed according to the safety assessment of a) does not need to be tested in accordance with 7.5.103 to prove its feasibility. The separation of the external parts of the centrifuge should not cause harm to people or the environment. Compliance is checked by checking the casing under MCA conditions, or by partially cutting the rotor to cause breakage, or by overloading the rotating assembly and other methods.
This clause adds the following clause
7. 5. 101 Information to be considered in MCA:
The following information should be recorded:
a) Expected corrosion effects;
b) Material fatigue condition
c) Consideration of material aging, including daily inspection, maintenance and parts replacement schedule;
d) Consideration of temperature limitations;
e) Consideration of material defects;
f) Consideration of unsuitable hanging basket installation;
g) Consideration of relevant environment;
h) Consideration of relevant maximum load;
i) Circuit diagram and functional description;
j>Material details and technical data
k) Pretreatment of rotating component failure;
1) Maximum Conceivable Accident (MCA)
|) Traceability of all measuring instruments during the test n) Other relevant information.
Compliance is checked by inspection of the documentation concerning the above clauses. 7.5.102 Factors to be considered in determining the most adverse condition All possible combinations of the following should be considered:
a) Rotor selection: the most adverse rotor or rotating component; b) Speed control setting: the maximum value that the operator can select; c) Supply voltage: 10 % above the maximum rated voltage marked on the equipment; d) Speed control conditions: single fault condition that causes the highest speed; e) Speed control (unless proven to be highly robust): the highest speed allowed by a single fault condition; f) Rotating component load: full load, part load or no load g) Rotor component imbalance: the most severe condition; h) Power failure: hazardous conditions caused by intermittent or permanent power failure; i) Altitude factors: the effect of increased altitude, reduced atmospheric pressure and density, on rotor drive systems that rely on air resistance to limit the maximum speed (see 1.4, under the second dash); Note: The air resistance limit is determined by speed tests in the high chamber, where the high chamber pressure is controlled at 80 kPa or less, when the altitude reaches 2 000 m, the rotation frequency 2 is determined by the following formula:
GB 4793. 7—2001
Wherein: n represents the maximum rotation frequency at standard atmospheric pressure of 101 kPa at sea level: n2 represents the maximum rotation frequency at atmospheric pressure of 2000 m above sea level: R=1.27 (the ratio of air density at sea level to that at 2,000 m). i Friction between the centrifuge or its base and the placement surface: k) Drive failure, rotational energy suddenly acting on the frame and housing of the laboratory centrifuge! 1) Ambient temperature: within the allowable range of +2°C to +40°C, the influence of the temperature on the working parts; m) Drive unit and rotating components that cause dynamic imbalance: n) Installation specified by the manufacturer: wwW.bzxz.Net
0) Failed parts +
p) Non-quantitative single fault conditions.
- Corrosion effects, such as rust on the end of the basket or the bottom of the chamber: alloy crevice metal stress corrosion; corrosion of the protective cover weld; and fine cracks around the mixture, etc.:
-- Material fatigue conditions that affect the failure mode! - Material defects:
- Improper installation of the basket or other parts of the slewing basket system (for example: missing blades); incorrect installation of the basket axis point; use of unqualified baskets; basket overload, etc.
- Temperature effects, such as expected temperature limits during transportation, the temperature of high-speed rotating components during operation, and the necessary treatment of the manufacturer's specific instructions.
Qualification is checked by checking the relevant documents of the above clauses. 7.5.103 Testing the protective cover
Before the MCA test, the test data obtained should be properly sorted out to establish the final test requirements. For the corresponding most unfavorable rotating component selected under each MCA condition, the provisions of 7.5 to 7.5.102 should be met, and the tests necessary to prove that the protective cover is fully applicable should be carried out, and it should be shown that the protective cover can accommodate the rotating parts rotating in any trajectory. During the test, except for the circumstances allowed by 7.5.104, no parts or fragments should fly out of the protective cover.
1 All tests should be performed on broken shields.
2 When testing shields according to the MCA failure method, the rotating assembly is the primary factor causing the shield failure. 3 If the fragments of the rotating assembly are close to half of the rotor, it can no longer be considered a knock. Years of experience have shown that many rotor designs can produce such fragments. This situation should be considered when determining an MCA.
Qualification is checked by inspecting and analyzing recorded data and conducting necessary tests. All test record data related to the protective cover include: 8) Model, rotor type, and attachment of laboratory centrifuge and condensation assembly: b? Reasonable MCA conditions
c) Reasonable method of inducing rotating components; d) Test period and time;
e) Environmental conditions during the test;
f) Photos of the centrifuge and related parts before and after the test, and video records of damage: g) Frequency and corresponding energy when the rotating assembly fails: h) Failure mode of the rotating assembly;
i) Description of the cause of damage to the protective cover;
Detailed description of centrifuge movement;
k) Detailed description of debris discharge.
7.5.104 Small particles in the exhaust airflow
GB 4793. 72001
Laboratory centrifuges are equipped with several air passages from the centrifugal chamber to the outside, which should prevent damage caused by small particles flying out of the rotating components (usually due to failure of glass or plastic test tubes) during normal use and handling. The size of the discharged particles should not exceed 1.5 mm, and these particles should fall within the safe space, which is an area extending 300 mm in all directions from the initial position outside the centrifuge. It is required to use an MCA condition test, that is, to introduce particles in the exhaust airflow, including particles with a size of up to 1.5 mm, to verify that these particles do not exceed the safe space. Not only should the relevant particles that fall on the surrounding of the mounting surface be considered, but also whether some particles exceed the safe space in other directions before falling on the mounting surface should be considered. The set ratio of smoke or particles can be ignored. 7.5.105 High-energy chemical reactions after rupture
Some centrifuges operating in a vacuum-cooled environment may have energies of 275 kI or more. If the rotating components are made of reactive materials such as aluminum or titanium, a chemical explosion may occur upon rupture. The explosion is caused by the interaction of high-energy rotating component fragments and chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants with water. Such centrifuges shall meet the requirements of 7.5.103. Note: The tester should pay attention to the abnormal energy release caused by the following tests. A high-capacity tank is appropriate. Compliance is checked by the following tests:
8) The highest rotational frequency is achieved without using frequency control and limiting equipment; b) Select the active material rotor with the highest rotational energy and pre-treat it so that rupture can occur. The pre-treat should maximize the plane range of the generated fragments;
) Adjust the cooling system to achieve the maximum limit of steam cooling; d) Load the rotating components with clean water to reach B0% of the normal capacity; e) Operate the centrifuge under the most unfavorable conditions of all factors until rupture occurs. The test records shall always comply with 7.5.103 a) to k). If more than one worst-case option exists for a rotating component, each option shall be tested starting with a new protective cover. 8 Mechanical shock and impact resistance
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies except as follows. 8.3 Except as follows (see BB.2 for rationale)
9 Temperature limits for equipment and protection against the spread of fire This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies.
10 Resistance to heat
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies.
11 Protection against hazards of fluids
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies except as follows. 11.2 This clause is amended with the following content:
Requirement 3 is amended to 20 times.
This clause is supplemented with the following content:
A cleaning procedure specified by the manufacturer shall be used. If no restrictions are imposed, steam sterilization may be used, and sterilization may be repeated 20 times according to the time-temperature conditions in Table 1A (see 5.4.102). 11.3 This clause is amended with the following content:
First line "Splashing into" or "Splashing on" Protection against auxiliary radiation (including laser sources), sound pressure or ultrasonic pressure 12
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
13 Protection against gas release, explosion and implosion
GB 4793. 7--2001
Except for the following content, IEC 61010-1 This chapter is applicable. The following is added to the title:
"and spillage of microbiological materials"
The following clause is added to this clause:
13.101 Microbiological materials
The seals of rotors and baskets specified by the manufacturer to contain microbiological samples during centrifugation shall be demonstrated to prevent the escape of flying substances and aerosols when used in accordance with the instructions (see Appendix AA). The seals shall be tested by the method in Appendix AA. NOTE
The test in Appendix AA is not applicable to laboratory centrifuges with sealed chambers or containing vacuum pump systems, such as ultracentrifuges, because the complexity of the external structure of the sealed rotor or basket is determined, and the application of this type of test shall be considered separately (see Appendix BB13. 101). 2
Consider additional test methods for types of seals that cannot be tested in Appendix AA and cover smaller microorganisms (see Appendix BB13. 101). 14 Components
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
15 Interlocking protection
This chapter of IEC 61010-1 is applicable.
2When testing the protective cover according to the MCA failure mode, the rotating assembly is the primary factor causing the protective cover to fail. 3If the fragments of the rotating assembly are close to half of the rotor, it can no longer be regarded as a knock. Years of experience have shown that many rotor designs can produce such fragments. This situation should be considered when determining an MCA.
Qualification is checked by inspecting and analyzing recorded data and conducting necessary tests. All test record data related to the protective cover include: 8) Model, rotor type, and attachment of laboratory centrifuge and condensation assembly: b? Reasonable MCA conditions
c) Reasonable method of inducing rotating components; d) Test period and time;
e) Environmental conditions during the test;
f) Photos of the centrifuge and related parts before and after the test, and video records of damage: g) Frequency and corresponding energy when the rotating assembly fails: h) Failure mode of the rotating assembly;
i) Description of the cause of damage to the protective cover;
Detailed description of centrifuge movement;
k) Detailed description of debris discharge.
7.5.104 Small particles in the exhaust airflow
GB 4793. 72001
Laboratory centrifuges are equipped with several air passages from the centrifugal chamber to the outside, which should prevent damage caused by small particles flying out of the rotating components (usually due to failure of glass or plastic test tubes) during normal use and handling. The size of the discharged particles should not exceed 1.5 mm, and these particles should fall within the safe space, which is an area extending 300 mm in all directions from the initial position outside the centrifuge. It is required to use an MCA condition test, that is, to introduce particles in the exhaust airflow, including particles with a size of up to 1.5 mm, to verify that these particles do not exceed the safe space. Not only should the relevant particles that fall on the surrounding of the mounting surface be considered, but also whether some particles exceed the safe space in other directions before falling on the mounting surface should be considered. The set ratio of smoke or particles can be ignored. 7.5.105 High-energy chemical reactions after rupture
Some centrifuges operating in a vacuum-cooled environment may have energies of 275 kI or more. If the rotating components are made of reactive materials such as aluminum or titanium, a chemical explosion may occur upon rupture. The explosion is caused by the interaction of high-energy rotating component fragments and chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants with water. Such centrifuges shall meet the requirements of 7.5.103. Note: The tester should pay attention to the abnormal energy release caused by the following tests. A high-capacity tank is appropriate. Compliance is checked by the following tests:
8) The highest rotational frequency is achieved without using frequency control and limiting equipment; b) Select the active material rotor with the highest rotational energy and pre-treat it so that rupture can occur. The pre-treat should maximize the plane range of the generated fragments;
) Adjust the cooling system to achieve the maximum limit of steam cooling; d) Load the rotating components with clean water to reach B0% of the normal capacity; e) Operate the centrifuge under the most unfavorable conditions of all factors until rupture occurs. The test records shall always comply with 7.5.103 a) to k). If more than one worst-case option exists for a rotating component, each option shall be tested starting with a new protective cover. 8 Mechanical shock and impact resistance
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies except as follows. 8.3 Except as follows (see BB.2 for rationale)
9 Temperature limits for equipment and protection against the spread of fire This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies.
10 Resistance to heat
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies.
11 Protection against hazards of fluids
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies except as follows. 11.2 This clause is amended with the following content:
Requirement 3 is amended to 20 times.
This clause is supplemented with the following content:
A cleaning procedure specified by the manufacturer shall be used. If no restrictions are imposed, steam sterilization may be used, and sterilization may be repeated 20 times according to the time-temperature conditions in Table 1A (see 5.4.102). 11.3 This clause is amended with the following content:
First line "Splashing into" or "Splashing on" Protection against auxiliary radiation (including laser sources), sound pressure or ultrasonic pressure 12
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
13 Protection against gas release, explosion and implosion
GB 4793. 7--2001
Except for the following content, IEC 61010-1 This chapter is applicable. The following is added to the title:
"and spillage of microbiological materials"
The following clause is added to this clause:
13.101 Microbiological materials
The seals of rotors and baskets specified by the manufacturer to contain microbiological samples during centrifugation shall be demonstrated to prevent the escape of flying substances and aerosols when used in accordance with the instructions (see Appendix AA). The seals shall be tested by the method in Appendix AA. NOTE
The test in Appendix AA is not applicable to laboratory centrifuges with sealed chambers or containing vacuum pump systems, such as ultracentrifuges, because the complexity of the external structure of the sealed rotor or basket is determined, and the application of this type of test shall be considered separately (see Appendix BB13. 101). 2
Consider additional test methods for types of seals that cannot be tested in Appendix AA and cover smaller microorganisms (see Appendix BB13. 101). 14 Components
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
15 Interlocking protection
This chapter of IEC 61010-1 is applicable.
2When testing the protective cover according to the MCA failure mode, the rotating assembly is the primary factor causing the protective cover to fail. 3If the fragments of the rotating assembly are close to half of the rotor, it can no longer be regarded as a knock. Years of experience have shown that many rotor designs can produce such fragments. This situation should be considered when determining an MCA.
Qualification is checked by inspecting and analyzing recorded data and conducting necessary tests. All test record data related to the protective cover include: 8) Model, rotor type, and attachment of laboratory centrifuge and condensation assembly: b? Reasonable MCA conditions
c) Reasonable method of inducing rotating components; d) Test period and time;
e) Environmental conditions during the test;
f) Photos of the centrifuge and related parts before and after the test, and video records of damage: g) Frequency and corresponding energy when the rotating assembly fails: h) Failure mode of the rotating assembly;
i) Description of the cause of damage to the protective cover;
Detailed description of centrifuge movement;
k) Detailed description of debris discharge.
7.5.104 Small particles in the exhaust airflow
GB 4793. 72001
Laboratory centrifuges are equipped with several air passages from the centrifugal chamber to the outside, which should prevent damage caused by small particles flying out of the rotating components (usually due to failure of glass or plastic test tubes) during normal use and handling. The size of the discharged particles should not exceed 1.5 mm, and these particles should fall within the safe space, which is an area extending 300 mm in all directions from the initial position outside the centrifuge. It is required to use an MCA condition test, that is, to introduce particles in the exhaust airflow, including particles with a size of up to 1.5 mm, to verify that these particles do not exceed the safe space. Not only should the relevant particles that fall on the surrounding of the mounting surface be considered, but also whether some particles exceed the safe space in other directions before falling on the mounting surface should be considered. The set ratio of smoke or particles can be ignored. 7.5.105 High-energy chemical reactions after rupture
Some centrifuges operating in a vacuum-cooled environment may have energies of 275 kI or more. If the rotating components are made of reactive materials such as aluminum or titanium, a chemical explosion may occur upon rupture. The explosion is caused by the interaction of high-energy rotating component fragments and chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants with water. Such centrifuges shall meet the requirements of 7.5.103. Note: The tester should pay attention to the abnormal energy release caused by the following tests. A high-capacity tank is appropriate. Compliance is checked by the following tests:
8) The highest rotational frequency is achieved without using frequency control and limiting equipment; b) Select the active material rotor with the highest rotational energy and pre-treat it so that rupture can occur. The pre-treat should maximize the plane range of the generated fragments;
) Adjust the cooling system to achieve the maximum limit of steam cooling; d) Load the rotating components with clean water to reach B0% of the normal capacity; e) Operate the centrifuge under the most unfavorable conditions of all factors until rupture occurs. The test records shall always comply with 7.5.103 a) to k). If more than one worst-case option exists for a rotating component, each option shall be tested starting with a new protective cover. 8 Mechanical shock and impact resistance
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies except as follows. 8.3 Except as follows (see BB.2 for rationale)
9 Temperature limits for equipment and protection against the spread of fire This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies.
10 Resistance to heat
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies.
11 Protection against hazards of fluids
This clause of IEC 61010-1 applies except as follows. 11.2 This clause is amended with the following content:
Requirement 3 is amended to 20 times.
This clause is supplemented with the following content:
A cleaning procedure specified by the manufacturer shall be used. If no restrictions are imposed, steam sterilization may be used, and sterilization may be repeated 20 times according to the time-temperature conditions in Table 1A (see 5.4.102). 11.3 This clause is amended with the following content:
First line "Splashing into" or "Splashing on" Protection against auxiliary radiation (including laser sources), sound pressure or ultrasonic pressure 12
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
13 Protection against gas release, explosion and implosion
GB 4793. 7--2001
Except for the following content, IEC 61010-1 This chapter is applicable. The following is added to the title:
"and spillage of microbiological materials"
The following clause is added to this clause:
13.101 Microbiological materials
The seals of rotors and baskets specified by the manufacturer to contain microbiological samples during centrifugation shall be demonstrated to prevent the escape of flying substances and aerosols when used in accordance with the instructions (see Appendix AA). The seals shall be tested by the method in Appendix AA. NOTE
The test in Appendix AA is not applicable to laboratory centrifuges with sealed chambers or containing vacuum pump systems, such as ultracentrifuges, because the complexity of the external structure of the sealed rotor or basket is determined, and the application of this type of test shall be considered separately (see Appendix BB13. 101). 2
Consider additional test methods for types of seals that cannot be tested in Appendix AA and cover smaller microorganisms (see Appendix BB13. 101). 14 Components
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
15 Interlocking protection
This chapter of IEC 61010-1 is applicable.2 This clause is amended with the following content:
Requirement 3 is amended to 20 times.
This clause is added with the following content:
A cleaning procedure specified by the manufacturer should be used. If no restrictions are imposed, steam sterilization may be used and sterilized repeatedly 20 times according to a certain time-temperature condition in Table 1A (see 5.4.102). 11.3 This clause is amended with the following content:
The first line "splashing into and then inserting" or splashing on"Protection against auxiliary radiation (including laser sources), sound pressure or ultrasonic pressure 12
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
13 Protection against gas release, explosion and implosion
GB 4793. 7--2001
Except for the following content, IEC 61010-1 This chapter is applicable. The following is added to the title:
"and spillage of microbiological materials"
The following clause is added to this clause:
13.101 Microbiological materials
The seals of rotors and baskets specified by the manufacturer to contain microbiological samples during centrifugation shall be demonstrated to prevent the escape of flying substances and aerosols when used in accordance with the instructions (see Appendix AA). The seals shall be tested by the method in Appendix AA. NOTE
The test in Appendix AA is not applicable to laboratory centrifuges with sealed chambers or containing vacuum pump systems, such as ultracentrifuges, because the complexity of the external structure of the sealed rotor or basket is determined, and the application of this type of test shall be considered separately (see Appendix BB13. 101). 2
Consider additional test methods for types of seals that cannot be tested in Appendix AA and cover smaller microorganisms (see Appendix BB13. 101). 14 Components
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
15 Interlocking protection
This chapter of IEC 61010-1 is applicable.2 This clause is amended with the following content:
Requirement 3 is amended to 20 times.
This clause is added with the following content:
A cleaning procedure specified by the manufacturer should be used. If no restrictions are imposed, steam sterilization may be used and sterilized repeatedly 20 times according to a certain time-temperature condition in Table 1A (see 5.4.102). 11.3 This clause is amended with the following content:
The first line "splashing into and then inserting" or splashing on"Protection against auxiliary radiation (including laser sources), sound pressure or ultrasonic pressure 12
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
13 Protection against gas release, explosion and implosion
GB 4793. 7--2001
Except for the following content, IEC 61010-1 This chapter is applicable. The following is added to the title:
"and spillage of microbiological materials"
The following clause is added to this clause:
13.101 Microbiological materials
The seals of rotors and baskets specified by the manufacturer to contain microbiological samples during centrifugation shall be demonstrated to prevent the escape of flying substances and aerosols when used in accordance with the instructions (see Appendix AA). The seals shall be tested by the method in Appendix AA. NOTE
The test in Appendix AA is not applicable to laboratory centrifuges with sealed chambers or containing vacuum pump systems, such as ultracentrifuges, because the complexity of the external structure of the sealed rotor or basket is determined, and the application of this type of test shall be considered separately (see Appendix BB13. 101). 2
Consider additional test methods for types of seals that cannot be tested in Appendix AA and cover smaller microorganisms (see Appendix BB13. 101). 14 Components
This chapter of IEC61010-1 is applicable.
15 Interlocking protection
This chapter of IEC 61010-1 is applicable.
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