This standard specifies the basic regulations and comprehensive dust prevention measures for refractory enterprises. This standard applies to the dust prevention design and management of refractory enterprises. GB 12434-1990 Dust Prevention Regulations for Refractory Enterprises GB12434-1990 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Regulations of dust control forrefractory enterprises
Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the basic provisions and comprehensive dust control measures for refractory enterprises. This standard applies to the design and management of dust control in refractory enterprises. 2 Reference standards
GB5748 Method for determination of dust in air in workplaces 3 Basic regulations
3.1 Effective dust control measures should be taken for process flow and production equipment. 3.2 The processes and equipment introduced by enterprises in the projects should meet the dust control requirements. GB 12434-90
3.3 For all new construction, expansion, reconstruction and technological transformation projects, the dust control measures must be designed, constructed and put into production at the same time as the main project.
3.4 ​​The maintenance and overhaul of dust control equipment should be included in the production and operation plan of the enterprise; when the production equipment is overhauled, the dust control equipment must also be overhauled and put into production at the same time.
3.5 Dust prevention facilities shall not be dismantled or used for other purposes at will. 3.6 The corresponding dust removal system shall be configured according to the production process to facilitate dust recovery. Dust measurement shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB5748. 3.7
3.8 The dust qualification rate, the integrity rate and operation rate of dust removal equipment shall be included in the assessment indicators of enterprise economic technology. 4 Comprehensive technical measures
4.1 Factory building
4.1.1 The crushing section of large and medium-sized refractory plants should have a multi-story building. 4.1.2 The floor height where the dust collector is installed should ensure that there is a clearance of not less than 1.5m above the dust collector. 4.1.3 The walls and floors around the interior of the factory building should be flat and smooth. There should be water flushing facilities in the factory. 4.1.4 The holes on the inter-layer floor and walls through which equipment, chutes and pipelines pass should be as small as possible, and a 50mm high waterproof boss should be provided around the holes.
4.1.5 The crushing and pulverizing of raw materials should be separated from the molding operation to prevent cross-contamination of dust. 4.1.6 The top of the molding, drying, sintering and oil-immersing operation workshop should be equipped with a windproof skylight. 4.1.7 The raw material warehouse should be a closed structure. 4.2 Production process and equipment
4.2.1 A mechanized, closed and continuous production process should be adopted to minimize the material transfer links, reduce the material drop and shorten the material transportation distance.
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 21, 1990 228
Implemented on July 1, 1991
GB 12434-90
4.2.2 The same type of production process equipment should be arranged in a centralized manner and meet the requirements of vertical or horizontal production lines. 4.2.3 The layout of production equipment should provide the necessary conditions for the reasonable layout of the dust removal system and leave enough maintenance space for the dust removal equipment.
4.2.4 The production equipment and its supporting dust removal equipment should have electrical interlocking and delayed start and stop devices. 4.2.5 The equipment layout should be convenient for maintenance and cleaning. 4.2.6 The molding operation should be carried out by a high-pressure brick press. 4.2.7 The belt conveyor should be equipped with a sweeper. 4.2.8 The firing process should use a tunnel kiln. 4.2.9 The semi-finished product drying should use a tunnel drying kiln. 4.2.10 The operation of oil-immersed asphalt products shall adopt the vacuum-sealed oil-immersion process and be equipped with ventilation and purification facilities. 4.2.11 The surface treatment of oil-immersed asphalt products shall adopt mechanized and automated production processes and be equipped with ventilation and purification facilities. 4.2.12 When processing refractory bricks with grinders and cutters, wet processes and effective dust removal measures shall be adopted. 4.3 Dust prevention in main processes
4.3.1 Raw material warehouse and crushing section
4.3.1.1 The raw material warehouse shall ensure the normal flow of materials and strictly prevent the collapse of materials and the escape of dust. 4.3.1.2 The driver's cab of the bridge grab crane of the closed structure raw material warehouse shall be equipped with air conditioning and purification devices. 4.3.1.3 In non-freezing seasons, the piles of non-hydraulic materials in the raw material warehouse shall be sprayed with water. 4.3.1.4 The grab receiving trough shall be equipped with an air suction hood. Each trough shall be equipped with an independent dust removal system. 4.3.1.5 The inlet and outlet of the jaw crusher should be equipped with a closed cover and ventilation dust removal and spraying water facilities. The dust removal equipment should be installed on the top floor of the crusher room, and the collected dust should be directly returned to the belt conveyor. 4.3.2 Crushing and mixing section
4.3.2.1 The crushing operation should be equipped with a dust removal system according to the production series. 4.3.2.2 All kinds of dust-producing equipment should be strictly sealed from the process. The belt conveyor of the powder under the screen should be fully sealed. 4.3.2.3 When the crushing section is a high-rise building, the dust removal equipment should be arranged on the top floor, and the recovered dust should be directly returned to the finished product trough of the corresponding production system.
4.3.2.4 In order to facilitate the return of the dust collector in the mixing section, the dust removal equipment should be arranged on the top floor of the crushing section as much as possible. 4.3.2.5 When the discharge port of the cage type crusher is connected to the belt conveyor, its air suction hood should be installed on the lower receiving trough of the crusher; when the discharge chute is connected to the elevator or screw conveyor and the chute is tightly sealed with the machine body, air can be sucked only on the body of the elevator or screw conveyor. 4.3.2.6 The air suction hood of the peripheral unloading ball mill should be installed on the outer shell of the ball mill. When the drop of the feeding chute is greater than 2m, an expansion box should be installed at the feed port.
4.3.2.7 Cone, hammer, roller and impact crushers should all take closed dust removal measures. 4.3.2.8 The inlet and outlet of the drum mill should be closed for dust removal. 4.3.2.9 The suction hood of the bucket elevator should be placed on the upper part of the elevator when conveying hot materials; when feeding with a belt conveyor, suction hoods should be installed on the head of the belt conveyor and the outer shell of the elevator. 4.3.2.10 The belt conveyor should be completely sealed, or the receiving point and unloading point should be partially sealed, with a liftable guide sealed hood or a fixed sealed hood in the middle.
4.3.2.11 The sealing of the mobile reversible belt conveyor can be an external cover type or a fully enclosed type. The external cover suction hood should be located at the location of the two left and right feeding ports of the feeding point; the fully enclosed reversible belt conveyor can be equipped with multiple suction points. 4.3.2.12 The width of the pile on the belt conveyor should be at least 200mm smaller than the width of the belt. 4.3.2.13 Vibrating screens, rotating screens and fixed inclined screens shall use integral or partial closed covers with grooved covers and be ventilated and dusted. 4.3.2.14 Ventilation and dust removal facilities shall be installed at the material receiving place of the weighing and batching vehicle and the closed fan valve of the hopper. 4.3.2.15 Storage troughs shall be effectively closed and dusted according to the feeding method and the composition of the troughs. Pulse bag dust collectors shall be used for tail gas purification in air conveying troughs. There shall be no less than two openings on the trough wall. A certain slope shall be left at the bottom of the openings to prevent dust accumulation. 229
GB 12434—90
4.3.2.16 Powder bagging shall be carried out by weighing scale bagging or packaging machine bagging, and effective closed dust removal shall be carried out. 4.3.2.17 Electronic scales and feeding equipment shall be closed and dusted. 4.3.2.18 Wet rolling mills and single- and double-shaft mixers should all be sealed to remove dust. 9 The sealing of mobile unloading vehicles can be achieved by partially sealing the slot-shaped material chute, partially sealing the fixed-point unloading material chute, or sealing the large volume of the material chute.
4.3.3 Molding section
4.3.3.1 The molding section workshop should use an electric spray unit to reduce dust. 4.3.3.2 Friction brick presses should use single-side down-suction type or double-side down-suction type suction hoods. 4.3.3.3 The brick press feed chute should use an annular suction hood. 4.3.3.4 The scale should be sealed with a side suction hood. 4.3.3.5 The brick damage inspection table should be equipped with a suction hood. 4.3.3.6 The top surface of the disc screen should be equipped with a movable closed cover that can be lifted; the hopper and discharge nozzle under the screen should be equipped with a fixed cover. A dust curtain should be installed at the bottom of the cover.
4.3.3.7 To remove the floating dust on the surface of the damaged bricks, it is advisable to adopt dust removal measures such as blowing and suction with a closed cover. 4.3.3.8 Waste bricks and waste materials should be placed in a special waste barrel and should be disposed of in time. 4.3.4 Drying and sintering section
4.3.4.1 The drying section should be equipped with water flushing facilities, and the sintering section should be equipped with water sprinkling and cleaning facilities. 4.3.4.2 The drying and sintering sections should have organized natural ventilation. 4.3.4.3 The operating area between the two tunnel kilns in the sintering section and the work locations of the brick loading and unloading platforms should be equipped with spray fans. 4.3.4.4 The upper space in the factory building and the kiln car repair area should be equipped with electric spray units. 4.3.5 Lime milk section
4.3.5.1 The workshop should be equipped with a natural ventilation device with a hood. 4.3.5.2 The iron scale processing ball mill should be equipped with a dust removal system. 4.3.6 Vertical kiln section
4.3.6.1 The material layer operation area should be equipped with a spray fan. 4.3.6.2 Vertical kilns, when equipped with roofs and walls, shall be provided with natural ventilation devices with hoods. 4.3.6.3 The receiving pit of the bucket elevator shall be provided with a cover plate; closed enclosures shall be provided around the frame, and suction hoods shall be provided on both sides of the enclosures and on the top of the upper receiving trough. bzxZ.net
4.3.6.4 Ore quantitative scales shall be sealed for dust removal. 4.3.6.5 The discharge port of the vertical kiln and the receiving point of the plate conveyor shall be provided with a dust removal system. When several vertical kilns share a plate conveyor, a suction point shall be provided at each receiving point of the conveyor. 4.3.7 Rotary kiln section
4.3.7.1 A spray fan shall be provided in the kiln head operation area. 4.3.7.2 The discharge port of the cooling tube and the receiving point of the plate conveyor (or belt conveyor) shall be provided with a dust removal system. 4.4 Design and maintenance of dust removal system
4.4.1 Design of dust removal system
4.4.1.1 The design of dust removal system shall meet the requirements of air volume and wind speed for dust removal at dust generating points. 4.4.1.2 Dust generating points working at the same time in the same production process may be combined into one dust removal system. Dust generating points working at the same time with different types of dust may also be combined into one dust removal system if dust mixing and recovery is allowed. 4.4.1.31
4.4.1.4 Dust-containing gases of different humidity and temperature should not be combined into one dust removal system when they may cause condensation in the pipeline after mixing. 4.4.1.5 When dust removal pipelines are laid horizontally, measures should be taken to prevent dust from being deposited in the pipeline. 4.4.1.6 Closed cleaning holes should be provided near components such as elbows and tees, as well as at the ends or sides of horizontal and inclined air ducts. 4.4.1.7 The outlet of the exhaust pipe of the dust removal system should be more than 1.5m above the roof ridge and more than 8m away from the nearest door, window or other building opening (where people are working). The exhaust direction should be vertical and upward, and the wind speed at the outlet should be greater than 10m/s. 4.4.1.8 Measuring holes should be set at the inlet and outlet of the dust collector and fan, as well as the straight pipe section of each branch pipe where the air flow is stable. 4.4.1.9 The dust removal design should reasonably select effective and efficient dust removal equipment (such as bag dust collector, electrostatic dust collector, etc.) based on the dust generation intensity, physical and chemical properties of dust and dispersion.
4.4.2 Maintenance and use of dust removal system
The operation and damage of dust removal equipment should be checked regularly, and any problems should be dealt with in a timely manner. 4.4.2.2
The rotating parts of dust removal equipment should be cleaned and oiled regularly to keep them in good operating condition. 4.4.2.3The fan impeller should be kept intact and run smoothly. The dust removal pipeline should be inspected and maintained every six months. The outside of the pipeline should be painted or treated with anti-corrosion. 4.4.2.4
4.4.2.5The working condition of dust removal equipment should be measured once a year. If problems are found, they should be dealt with in time. The dust collector should be cleaned continuously, and the accumulated dust in the ash hopper and pipeline should be removed regularly. 4.4.2.6
The damaged filter bags of bag dust collectors should be thoroughly cleaned and repaired before they can be reused. 4.4.2.7
4.4.2.8The dust removal equipment should be used correctly according to its performance and technical requirements so that the dust removal efficiency can meet the design requirements. 5 Dust prevention management
5.1 The enterprise leaders should have someone in charge of dust prevention work. The factory director, workshop director, section chief and team leader shall be fully responsible for the dust prevention work of the factory, workshop, section and team respectively.
5.2 The enterprise shall establish and improve the dust prevention management organization and equip full-time personnel. Specifically responsible for the management of dust prevention work and the implementation of dust prevention projects, solve dust prevention technical problems, supervise and inspect the integrity of dust prevention measures, and establish dust prevention technical files. 5.3 The enterprise shall establish a dust prevention professional team according to 3% to 5% of the number of dust-exposed employees, responsible for the use, management, maintenance, dust detection and workshop cleaning of ventilation and dust removal equipment.
5.4 The enterprise shall continuously improve dust prevention measures and improve working conditions so that the dust concentration in the air of the workplace meets the national health standards. 5.5 The enterprise shall formulate various dust prevention rules and regulations and dust prevention responsibility system, and implement them conscientiously. 5.6 The enterprise shall strengthen dust prevention education so that employees understand the harmfulness and preventability of dust to the human body. 5.7 The enterprise shall conduct regular health examinations for dust-exposed personnel and properly handle silicosis patients in accordance with relevant regulations. Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Safety and Environmental Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgy. The main drafters of this standard are Huang Tinglong, Ding Guocui, Li Yan, Li Jinglun, and Xie Rongzu. 231
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