GB 18580-2001 Limits of formaldehyde emission from artificial boards and their products for interior decoration and renovation
Some standard content:
ICS 79. 060. 01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB 18580
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Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials-Limit of formaldehyde emission of wood-based panels and finishing products2001- 12- 10 Issued by
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
2002-01-01 Implementation
GB18580-2001
Chapter 5 of this standard is mandatory, and the rest are recommended. This standard refers to European Standard EN312-1-1997 "Creative Board", European Medium Density Fiberboard Manufacturers Association Technical Committee, EMB/IST 1995 "Medium Density Fiberboard", European Standard ENV717·1 "Determination of Formaldehyde Emission from Artificial Board by Climate Chamber Method", Japanese Agricultural Standard JAS MAFF.Nutification Na.920a Ordinary Plywood, Japanese Agricultural Standard JAS MAFF, Notificatian No.90 Flooring.
From January 1, 2002, the products produced by the production enterprises shall implement this national standard, and the transition period is 6 months: from July 1, 2002, the products that do not meet this national standard shall be stopped from being sold on the market. This standard was proposed by the State Forestry Administration.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Wood-Based Panels. The responsible drafting unit of this standard is: Wood Industry Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Forestry. The participating drafting units of this standard are: Guangdong Zhaoqing Kanglan Zhongmi Board Enterprise Group, Shanghai Academy of Building Sciences, Taier Chemical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Global Wood Co., Ltd., Xinxiang Pingyuan Wood-Based Panel Factory. The main contributors of this standard are: Wang Weixin, Yang Fan, Xu Wen, Ma Hong, He Lizi, Li Benchu, Yang Hong, Lou Minggang. The standard is released for the first time.
1 Scope
Indoor decoration and renovation materials
Limit of formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels and their products GB18580-2001
This standard specifies the index value, test method and inspection rules for formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels and their products (including flooring, wall panels, etc.) for indoor decoration and renovation.
This standard is applicable to various types of wood-based panels and their products for indoor decoration and renovation that release formaldehyde. 2 Normative references
The clauses of the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all the referenced documents with dates, all the subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all the referenced documents without dates, the latest versions are applicable to this standard. GB/T17657—1999 Test methods for physical and chemical properties of artificial boards and veneer artificial boards 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Formaldehyde emission—perforator test value theperforatortest yaiueThe amount of formaldehyde extracted from 10%\ artificial boards measured by perforation extraction method. 3.2
Formaldehyde emission—desiccator test value thedesiccatortestyalueThe amount of formaldehyde released by the test piece in the absorption liquid (distilled water) measured by the desiccant method. 3.3
Formaldehyde emission - chamber test value the chamber test value is the amount of formaldehyde released into the air by the test piece measured in the chamber specified in this standard when it reaches a steady state. 3.4
Volume of the chamber is the total volume of the chamber when there is no load.
Loading rate loading rate
Ratio of the total surface area of the specimen to the volume of the chamber. 3.6
Air volume exchange rate air exchange rate
Ratio of the volume of air passing through the chamber per hour to the volume of the chamber. 3.7
Air velocity air velocity
Air velocity near the surface of the specimen in the chamber. GB 18580-2001
4 Classification
According to the test method:
a) Formaldehyde emission by perforation extraction method (referred to as perforation value); b) Formaldehyde emission by dryer method (referred to as dryer value); c) Formaldehyde emission by climate chamber method (referred to as climate chamber value). 5 Requirements
The formaldehyde emission of artificial boards and their products for interior decoration and renovation shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1 Test methods and limit values for formaldehyde emission in artificial boards and their products Product name
Medium density fiberboard, high density fiberboard, particle board, oriented particle board, etc.
Plywood, decorative veneer veneer board, blockboard, etc.
Faced artificial boards (including laminated wood flooring, solid water composite flooring, bamboo flooring, reduced film paper veneer artificial boards, etc.)
? Climate chamber method is used for arbitration.
Test method
Perforation rate method
Dryer method
Climate chamber method
Dryer method
Limit value
59 mg/100 g
30ng/100g
s1.5 ag/L
s0, 12 ng/m
≤1.5 mg/L
Scope of use
Can be used directly indoors
Must be finished
Allowed to be used indoors
Must be finished
Allowed to be used indoors
Can be used directly indoors
E: For artificial boards that can be used directly indoors, E. It is an artificial board that is allowed to be used in the case after the required surface treatment. 6 Test method
6.1 The formaldehyde emission of medium-density fiberboard, high-density fiberboard, particleboard, oriented strand board, etc. shall be determined by the perforation extraction method in accordance with the provisions of 4.11 in GB3/T17657-1999. 6.2 The formaldehyde emission of plywood, decorative veneer veneer plywood, blockboard, etc. shall be determined by the (9~11)L dryer method in accordance with the provisions of 4.12.1~4.12.6 in GB/117657-1999. 6.2.1 Number of test pieces
10 pieces.
6.2.2 Result expression
The concentration of formaldehyde solution shall be calculated according to formula (1) and shall be accurate to 0.1Img/L. = TX (AA,)
Wherein:
Formaldehyde concentration, in milligrams per liter (nig/L); - slope of the calibration curve, in milligrams per liter (IL): A. Absorbance of the test liquid:
A——absorbance of distilled water,
6. 340 L desiccant method for determining formaldehyde emission from veneered artificial panels 6.3.1 Principle
Limit mark
(1)www.bzxz.net
See 4.12.1 in GB/T 17657-1999
6. 3. 2 Reagents
According to the provisions of 4.12.3 in GB/T 17657-1999. 6.3.3 Solution preparation
According to the provisions of 4.12.5 of GB/T17657-1999. 6.3.4 Instruments
6.3.4.1 Test container. Material: acrylic resin. 401 mm thick. 6.3.4.2 Absorbent instrument. Material: polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride. Diameter: 57 mm, depth: 50 mm~60 mm. GB18580-2001
6.3.4.3 Except for the metal support, dryer and crystallizer, the rest shall be in accordance with the provisions of 4.12.2 of GB/T17657-1999. 6.3.5 Sample
The four sides of the sample shall be sealed with formaldehyde-free aluminum tape. The surface area to be measured is 450 cm1. Seal in a vinyl bag and place in a thermostat at (20 ± 1) °C for at least 1 hour. 6.3.6 Test procedure 6.3.6.1 Collection of formaldehyde Fill the absorption container with 20 ml of distilled water and place it at the bottom of the test container. Place the sample on the absorption container and place the measuring device at (20 °C) for 24 h. Distilled water absorbs the formaldehyde released from the test piece. This solution is to be tested. 6.3.6.2 Quantification of formaldehyde concentration According to 4.12.6.2 of G3/T17657-1999 6.3.6.3 Drawing of standard curve According to 4.12.6.2 of GB/T17657-199912.6.3. 6.3.6.4 Result expression
According to 6.2.2.
6.4 Determination of formaldehyde release of veneer wood-based panels by climate chamber method 6.4.1 Principle
Put a sample with a surface area of 1m3 in a climate chamber where the temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and air replacement rate are controlled at a fixed value. Formaldehyde is released from the sample and mixed with the air in the chamber. The air in the chamber is extracted regularly and passed through an absorption bottle containing distilled water. All the formaldehyde in the air is dissolved in the water. The amount of formaldehyde in the absorption liquid and the volume of air extracted are measured to calculate the amount of formaldehyde per cubic meter of air, expressed in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3). The extraction is periodic until the formaldehyde concentration in the air in the climate chamber reaches a stable state. 6.4.2 Equipment
6.4.2.1 Climate chamber
The volume of the chamber is 1m3. The inner surface of the chamber should be made of flexible material that will not absorb formaldehyde. There should be an air circulation system in the chamber to maintain full mixing of the air in the chamber and an air velocity of 0.1 on the surface of the sample. m/s~0.3 m/s. The box should be equipped with air inlet and air outlet devices to adjust the air flow.
The air replacement rate is maintained at (1,0±0.05)h1, and the airtightness of the box should be ensured. The aldehyde concentration in the air entering the box should be below 0.006 mg/m
6. 4.2. 2 The temperature and relative humidity adjustment system should be able to maintain the temperature in the box at (23 ± 0.5) and the relative humidity at (45 ± 3)%. 6.4.2.3 Air sampling system
The air sampling system includes: sampling tube, two 100mL absorption bottles, silica gel desiccator, gas sampling pump, gas flow meter, gas meter.
6.4.3 Reagents. Solution preparation. Instruments
6.4.3.1 Reagents shall comply with the provisions of 4.12.3 of CB/T17657--1999. 6.4.3.7 Solution preparation shall comply with GB/T17657--1999. -1999 4.12.5. GB18580-2001
6.4.3.3 Instruments Except for the metal support, desiccator and crystal blood, the rest shall be in accordance with the provisions of 4.12.2 in GB/T17657-1999. 6.4.4 Sample
The sample surface area is 1 m2. Length = 1 000 mm ± 2 mm, width = 500 mm ± 2 mm. 1 piece; length = 500 mm ± 2 mm, width -50) mm ± 2 mm, 2 pieces), the protruding part with the sample tongue should be removed, and the four sides should be sealed with formaldehyde-free aluminum tape. 6.4.5 Test procedure
During the whole test process, the following conditions are maintained in the climate box: Temperature: (23+0.5)C
Relative filtration: (45±3)%:
Loading rate: (1.0±0.02)m2/m
Air replacement rate: (1.0=0.05) h-
Air velocity on the sample surface: (0.1~0.3)m/s. The sample is placed vertically in the center of the climate box, with the surface parallel to the air flow direction. The duration of the climate box test is at least 10 days. The test starts from the first day. The formaldehyde release is measured once a day until a stable state is reached. When the number of tests exceeds 1 and the difference between the last two test results is less than 5, it is considered that a stable state has been reached. The average of the last two test results is the final test value. If the steady state is not reached within 28 days, the measured value on the 28th day is used as the measured value of formaldehyde release at the steady state: When sampling and analyzing air, first connect the air sampling system to the air outlet of the climate chamber, add 25mL of distilled water to each of the two absorption bottles, start the vacuum pump, and control the vacuum speed at about 2L/min. Extract at least 100 liters of air each time. Take 10 ml of each absorption liquid and transfer it to a 100 ml container bottle, then add 0.01% acetaldehyde acetone solution and 0.01% ammonium solution, put the deep volume bottle in a 4 water bath and heat for 15 min. Then let the solution stand in the dark and cool to room temperature (about 1h). Measure the absorbance at 412nm of the quasi-spectrophotometer. At the same time, use 10mL of distilled water, 10mL of acetaldehyde acetone solution, and 10mL of ammonium acetate solution to parallelly measure the blank value. The difference between the absorbance measurement value of the absorption liquid and the blank absorbance measurement value multiplied by the slope of the calibration curve, and then multiplied by the volume of the absorption liquid, is the formaldehyde content in each absorption bottle. The formaldehyde content of the two absorption bottles is added together to obtain the total amount of formaldehyde. The total amount of formaldehyde is divided by the volume of the extracted air to obtain the formaldehyde concentration value per cubic meter of air. It is expressed in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m). Since the air meter displays the volume of air extracted at the temperature of the test room, rather than the volume of air at 23°C in the climate box, the volume of the air sample should be corrected to the volume at the standard temperature of 23°C through the gas equation.
The calibration curve for the spectrophotometer and the determination of the slope of the calibration curve shall be carried out in accordance with 4.11.5.5.2 of GB/T17657-1199. 7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification
The inspection items of this standard are type inspections.
7.2 Sampling
Randomly select 3 samples from the same location, the same category, and the same specification of artificial boards and their products according to the number of samples specified in the test method, and immediately seal the samples with packaging materials that will not release or absorb formaldehyde before testing. When sampling from a manufacturer, the samples must be selected from qualified products in the finished product warehouse of the manufacturer. When sampling from a distributor, the samples must be selected from qualified products at the distribution site or in the finished product warehouse of the distributor. When sampling at the construction or use site, the samples must be randomly selected from the same product at the same location. 7.3 Judgment rules and re-test rules
Among the 3 randomly selected samples, any sample shall be tested for formaldehyde release according to the provisions of this standard. If the test results meet the requirements of this standard, it shall be judged as qualified. If the test results do not meet the requirements of this standard, the other sample shall be tested again. If both samples meet the requirements of the wood standard, they are judged as qualified; if only one of the two samples meets the requirements or both samples do not meet the requirements, they are judged as unqualified. 7.4 Inspection report
7.4.1 The content of the inspection report should include the product name, specification, category, grade, production date, and inspection basis. 7.4.2 Inspection results and conclusions and sample moisture content. 3 Abnormal conditions and other issues that need to be explained during the inspection process. 7.4. 3
Product mark
GB 18580—2001
The product name, product standard number, trademark, manufacturer name, detailed address, product origin, product specification, model, grade, and formaldehyde emission limit mark should be indicated.4 Test specimens
The surface area of the test specimen is 1 m2 double-sided. Length = 1 000 mm ± 2 mm, width = 500 mm ± 2 mm. 1 piece; length = 500 mm ± 2 mm, width -50) mm ± 2 mm, 2 pieces), the protruding part with the sample tongue should be removed, and the four sides are sealed with formaldehyde-free aluminum tape. 6.4.5 Test procedure
During the whole test process, the following conditions are maintained in the climate box: temperature (23 + 0.5) °C
relative filterability: (45 ± 3)%:
load rate: (1.0 ± 0.02) m2/m
air replacement rate: (1.0 = 0.05) h-
air velocity on the surface of the test specimen: (0.1 ~ 0.3) m/s. The test specimen is placed vertically in the center of the climate box, with the surface parallel to the air flow direction. The duration of the incubator inspection shall be at least 10 days. The measurement shall be started on the 1st day. The formaldehyde release shall be measured once a day until a stable state is reached. When the number of tests exceeds 1 and the difference between the last 2 measurement results is less than 5, it is considered that a stable state has been reached. The average of the last 2 measurement results shall be the final measurement value. If a stable state has not been reached within 28 days, the measurement value on the 28th day shall be used as the formaldehyde release measurement value at a stable state: When sampling and analyzing air, first connect the air sampling system to the air outlet of the climate chamber, add 25 mL of distilled water to each of the two absorption bottles, start the vacuum pump, and control the vacuum speed at about 2L/min. At least 100 liters of air shall be extracted each time. Take 10 ml of each absorption liquid and transfer it to a 10 ml container, then add 0.01% acyl ketone solution and 0.01% ammonium solution, place the deep volume bottle in a 4% water bath and heat for 15 min. Then let the solution stand in a dark place and cool to room temperature (about 1h). The absorbance is measured at 412nm of the quasi-spectrophotometer. At the same time, 10mL of distilled water, 10mL of acetaldehyde acetone solution, and 10mL of ammonium acetate solution are used to parallelly measure the blank value. The difference between the absorbance measurement value of the absorption liquid and the blank absorbance measurement value is multiplied by the slope of the calibration curve, and then multiplied by the volume of the absorption liquid, which is the formaldehyde content in each absorption bottle. The formaldehyde content of the two absorption bottles is added together. The total amount of formaldehyde is obtained. The total amount of formaldehyde is divided by the volume of the extracted air to obtain the formaldehyde concentration value per cubic meter of air. It is expressed in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m). Since the air meter displays the volume of air extracted at the temperature of the test room, it is not the volume of air in the climate box at 23°C. Therefore, the volume of the air sample should be corrected to the volume at the standard temperature of 23°C through the gas equation.
The calibration curve for spectrophotometer and the determination of the slope of the calibration curve shall be carried out in accordance with 4.11.5.5.2 of GB/T17657-1199. 7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification
The inspection items of this standard are type inspections.
7.2 Sampling
Randomly select 3 samples from the same location, the same category, and the same specification of artificial boards and their products according to the number of samples specified in the test method, and immediately seal the samples with packaging materials that will not release or absorb aldehyde before testing. When sampling at a production enterprise, the samples must be selected from the qualified products marked in the finished product warehouse of the production enterprise. When sampling at a distribution enterprise, the samples must be selected from the qualified products marked in the distribution site or the finished product warehouse of the distribution enterprise. When sampling at a construction or use site, the samples must be randomly selected from the same product at the same location. 7.3 Judgment rules and re-test rules
Among the three randomly selected samples, any sample shall be tested for formaldehyde release according to the provisions of this standard. If the test result meets the requirements of this standard, it shall be judged as qualified. If the test result does not meet the requirements of this standard, the other sample shall be tested again. If both samples meet the requirements of the wood standard, they shall be judged as qualified; if only one of the two samples meets the requirements or both samples do not meet the requirements, they shall be judged as unqualified. 7.4 Inspection report
7.4.1 The content of the inspection report shall include the product name, specification, category, grade, production date, and inspection basis. 7.4.2 Inspection results and conclusions and sample moisture content. 3 Abnormal situations that occur during the inspection process and other issues that need to be explained. 7.4. 3
Product marking
GB 18580—2001
The product name, product standard number, trademark, manufacturer name, detailed address, product origin, product specifications, model, grade and formaldehyde emission limit mark shall be indicated.4 Test specimens
The surface area of the test specimen is 1 m2 double-sided. Length = 1 000 mm ± 2 mm, width = 500 mm ± 2 mm. 1 piece; length = 500 mm ± 2 mm, width -50) mm ± 2 mm, 2 pieces), the protruding part with the sample tongue should be removed, and the four sides are sealed with formaldehyde-free aluminum tape. 6.4.5 Test procedure
During the whole test process, the following conditions are maintained in the climate box: temperature (23 + 0.5) °C
relative filterability: (45 ± 3)%:
load rate: (1.0 ± 0.02) m2/m
air replacement rate: (1.0 = 0.05) h-
air velocity on the surface of the test specimen: (0.1 ~ 0.3) m/s. The test specimen is placed vertically in the center of the climate box, with the surface parallel to the air flow direction. The duration of the incubator inspection shall be at least 10 days. The measurement shall be started on the 1st day. The formaldehyde release shall be measured once a day until a stable state is reached. When the number of tests exceeds 1 and the difference between the last 2 measurement results is less than 5, it is considered that a stable state has been reached. The average of the last 2 measurement results shall be the final measurement value. If a stable state has not been reached within 28 days, the measurement value on the 28th day shall be used as the formaldehyde release measurement value at a stable state: When sampling and analyzing air, first connect the air sampling system to the air outlet of the climate chamber, add 25 mL of distilled water to each of the two absorption bottles, start the vacuum pump, and control the vacuum speed at about 2L/min. At least 100 liters of air shall be extracted each time. Take 10 ml of each absorption liquid and transfer it to a 10 ml container, then add 0.01% acyl ketone solution and 0.01% ammonium solution, place the deep volume bottle in a 4% water bath and heat for 15 min. Then let the solution stand in a dark place and cool to room temperature (about 1h). The absorbance is measured at 412nm of the quasi-spectrophotometer. At the same time, 10mL of distilled water, 10mL of acetaldehyde acetone solution, and 10mL of ammonium acetate solution are used to parallelly measure the blank value. The difference between the absorbance measurement value of the absorption liquid and the blank absorbance measurement value is multiplied by the slope of the calibration curve, and then multiplied by the volume of the absorption liquid, which is the formaldehyde content in each absorption bottle. The formaldehyde content of the two absorption bottles is added together. The total amount of formaldehyde is obtained. The total amount of formaldehyde is divided by the volume of the extracted air to obtain the formaldehyde concentration value per cubic meter of air. It is expressed in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m). Since the air meter displays the volume of air extracted at the temperature of the test room, it is not the volume of air in the climate box at 23°C. Therefore, the volume of the air sample should be corrected to the volume at the standard temperature of 23°C through the gas equation.
The calibration curve for spectrophotometer and the determination of the slope of the calibration curve shall be carried out in accordance with 4.11.5.5.2 of GB/T17657-1199. 7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification
The inspection items of this standard are type inspections.
7.2 Sampling
Randomly select 3 samples from the same location, the same category, and the same specification of artificial boards and their products according to the number of samples specified in the test method, and immediately seal the samples with packaging materials that will not release or absorb aldehyde before testing. When sampling at a production enterprise, the samples must be selected from the qualified products marked in the finished product warehouse of the production enterprise. When sampling at a distribution enterprise, the samples must be selected from the qualified products marked in the distribution site or the finished product warehouse of the distribution enterprise. When sampling at a construction or use site, the samples must be randomly selected from the same product at the same location. 7.3 Judgment rules and re-test rules
Among the three randomly selected samples, any sample shall be tested for formaldehyde release according to the provisions of this standard. If the test result meets the requirements of this standard, it shall be judged as qualified. If the test result does not meet the requirements of this standard, the other sample shall be tested again. If both samples meet the requirements of the wood standard, they shall be judged as qualified; if only one of the two samples meets the requirements or both samples do not meet the requirements, they shall be judged as unqualified. 7.4 Inspection report
7.4.1 The content of the inspection report shall include the product name, specification, category, grade, production date, and inspection basis. 7.4.2 Inspection results and conclusions and sample moisture content. 3 Abnormal situations that occur during the inspection process and other issues that need to be explained. 7.4. 3
Product marking
GB 18580—2001
The product name, product standard number, trademark, manufacturer name, detailed address, product origin, product specifications, model, grade and formaldehyde emission limit mark shall be indicated.3
Product marking
GB 18580—2001
The product name, product standard number, trademark, manufacturer name, detailed address, product origin, product specifications, model, grade, and formaldehyde emission limit mark should be indicated.3
Product marking
GB 18580—2001
The product name, product standard number, trademark, manufacturer name, detailed address, product origin, product specifications, model, grade, and formaldehyde emission limit mark should be indicated.
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