Some standard content:
ICS65.040.40
Standard of the Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China
JB/T9782—1999
Equipment for crop protectionGeneral test methods1999-08-06 Issued
National Bureau of Machinery Industry
Implementation on 2000-01-01
JB/T 9782-1999
Cited standards·
Test conditions.
Test methods·
Field production test
Test report.
JB/T 9782—1999
This standard is a revision of NJ204-80 "Test methods for spray dusters". During the revision, the name of the standard was changed to "General Test Methods for Plant Protection Machinery". Compared with NJ204-80, the main technical content of this standard has changed as follows: 1. Laser particle spectrometer and computer image analyzer are added as droplet measurement instruments. At the same time, according to international practice, the arithmetic mean diameter of droplets is replaced by the droplet volume diameter. 2. Spectrophotometer is added as an instrument for measuring droplet distribution 3. Considering the continuous development of pesticides, the method of using common chemical reagents to test the corrosion resistance of materials has been deleted. This standard replaces NJ204-80 from the date of implementation. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Agricultural Machinery Standardization Technical Committee. The drafting units of this standard: Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute, China Agricultural Mechanization Science Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard: Chen Jiankang, Fu Ximin, Yan Herong. This standard was first issued in 1980, and this revision is the first revision. I
1 Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
General test methods for plant protection machinery
Equipment for crop protection-General test methods This standard specifies the general test methods for performance tests and production tests of plant protection machinery. This standard applies to the tests of spraying, dusting equipment and their components. 2 Cited standards
JB/T9782-1999
Replaces NJ204—80
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T1236—1985
GB/T3216—1989
JB/T6664.3—1993
3Test conditions
Test methods for aerodynamic performance of ventilators
Test methods for centrifugal pumps, mixed flow pumps, axial flow pumps and vortex pumps Test methods for self-priming pumps
3.1 All test items specified in the "test outline" or "technical conditions" of spray and powder spraying equipment should be carried out in accordance with the methods of this standard. 3.2 Test equipment, instruments and meters should be regularly verified, calibrated or calibrated. During the test, all measuring instruments and meters should be within the validity period of verification (or calibration) by the metrology department or relevant departments. 3.3 Unless otherwise specified, performance tests are carried out under the rated working conditions specified in the product technical conditions or instruction manual. 3.4 The medium used in field production tests must be a pesticide liquid or powder diluted according to the requirements of agricultural production prevention and control. The fuel and lubricating oil used in the engine test should meet the requirements of the instruction manual. 3.5 When using clay powder for powder spraying test, the moisture content of the clay powder should be less than 4%, and it should be able to pass through a 200-mesh standard sieve without debris or lumps. 3.6 The performance test uses clean water at room temperature, which refers to the range of 0℃~40℃. The unit volume mass of clean water can be regarded as 1kg/L. 4 Test method
4.1 Determination of horizontal range, spray width, and vertical range 4.1.1 When measuring the wind-sent spray, it should be carried out indoors. The spray components are configured according to the actual use height and the angle that can achieve the maximum range or spray width. The horizontal distance from the farthest boundary to the nozzle when the airflow reaches a velocity of 2m/s in the jet state is measured by an anemometer. The horizontal range is the maximum distance in the direction perpendicular to the range, and the spray width is the maximum distance. Repeat three times. The measurement results are recorded in Table 1. 4.1.2 When measuring the horizontal range or spray width of hydraulic spray, it should be carried out in an indoor or outdoor zero-level wind environment. The spraying parts are configured according to the actual use height and the angle that can achieve the maximum range or spray width. The square cup-type droplet receiver (upper opening area is 10cmx10cm) is placed in the estimated range or spray width. Spray for 2~3min and calculate the spray volume per square centimeter per minute. The horizontal distance from the farthest boundary to the nozzle where the spray volume is equal to 0.04m/(min·cm2) is the horizontal range, and the maximum distance perpendicular to the range is the spray width. Repeat three times. The measurement results are recorded in Table 1.
Approved by the State Machinery Industry Bureau on August 6, 1999 and implemented on January 1, 2000
JB/T 9782-1999
4.1.3 When measuring the film tube spray powder, it should be carried out outdoors. The horizontal range is determined by the working length of the two ends of the film tube to evenly discharge the powder. 4.1.4 The vertical range is tested indoors or outdoors under zero wind conditions, but should not be tested in high buildings prone to strong updrafts. The height of the top of the continuous and stable stream from the nozzle is measured, repeated three times, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 1. 4.1.5 Measurement of spray width of boom sprayer
During the test, the nozzle on the sprayer is 500mm above the ground. At the rated working pressure, spray is carried out and the actual width of the liquid sprayed on the ground by the nozzle is measured, as shown in Figure 1. The measurement results are recorded in Table 2. Spray width
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of spray width measurement of boom sprayer
4.2 Determination of droplet diameter
4.2.1 Laser particle spectrometer measurement of droplet diametera) Regularly calibrate the concentricity of the laser beam to the detection target so that the signal at the center of the target reaches the maximum value. The light background value should be measured before each measurement.
b) When measuring the particle size of the mist flow, ensure that the laser beam passes through the measured part of the mist flow. If the mist flow width is large, beam measures should be taken to make the mist flow width passing through the laser beam between 100 and 300 mm. 4.2.2 Determination of water droplets by oil pan method
a) Determine the droplet diameter of the long-range (or wide-width) mist flow in an environment with an air relative humidity of not less than 80%. Apply a layer of vaseline evenly on the bottom of a sampling dish with a diameter of 50 mm, heat and evenly mix, then add No. 10 motor oil with a thickness of 2 to 3 mm, and place it on a 15 cm high support. Place the sampling dish at ten locations along the axis of the mist flow within the range (or spray width) and distribute them evenly. After sampling, observe with a measuring microscope or connect to a computer image analyzer for statistics. The number of droplets measured for each sample is not less than 100, and the total number is not less than 1000 droplets. The measurement error is not greater than 5 um, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 3. b) When measuring the droplet diameter of a single nozzle, spray downwards and evenly distribute 3 to 5 sampling dishes on a plane 600 mm away from the nozzle. Sample quickly. The maximum moving speed of the nozzle is 3 m/s. The statistical observation method is the same as above. 4.2.3 Determination of oil droplets by glass slide method
The determination is carried out indoors at 10~30℃. The catalytic cracking light diesel oil (240~290℃) fraction (2-line aromatics) is used as the oil for indoor ultra-low spray test.
Before the determination, prepare the gum arabic sampling pad. The sampling pad is made as follows: glycerol, distilled water, and gum arabic powder are mixed in order according to 1:6:3 (weight ratio), and a small amount of phenol red powder is added and stirred. After standing for one day, remove the upper foam and lower sediment, and evenly apply the glass glue solution on the slide, and place it in a special box to dry in the shade. During the measurement, place the sampling pad in the center of the sedimentation cylinder (diameter of the sedimentation cylinder is 30cm x height is 45cm), place it in ten places along the axis of the fog flow within the range (or spray width), evenly distribute it, spray for 10~20s, cover the sedimentation cylinder after stopping spraying, take out the sampling pads one by one after standing for 20min, and immediately observe with a measuring microscope. Measure 100 droplets for each piece, and the measurement error is no more than ±5um. Corrected to the sphere diameter with the correction coefficient, calculated according to formula (1):
Where: D——corrected droplet diameter, um; d—reading under the microscope, um;
JB/T9782-1999
D=kd·
correction coefficient, k=0.42 (referring to second-line oil). Different sizes of droplets are classified and counted, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 3. 4.2.4 Calculation
a) Volume median diameter
Calculate the average volume diameter of droplets at each level according to the following formula and record the results in Table 3. d;=(Zd /n;
Where: d—average volume diameter of the ith droplet, um; dj
Where: Vi
Where: V-
-diameter of each droplet of the ith, um;
number of droplets of the ith.
volume of the ith droplet.
total volume of droplets:
number of grades.
Accumulate the volumes of droplets of each grade from small (or large) to large (or small), and calculate the droplet diameter when the cumulative amount is 50% of the total volume by insertion or drawing, which is the median diameter of the droplet volume of the test sample. b) Droplet distribution
Draw a droplet distribution curve on the Gaussian logarithmic curve coordinate paper (Figure 2). Indicate the corresponding diameter values at 10%, 50% (volume median diameter) and 90% of the cumulative volume.
Figure 2 gives the corresponding droplet diameter for each cumulative volume. The cumulative volume on the figure is expressed as a percentage of the total volume of the droplet sample. The Y axis is logarithmic, indicating the droplet diameter: the X axis is Gaussian, indicating the cumulative volume value. Droplet diameter.400
(Logarithmic)
Droplet distribution curve
Cumulative volume
4.3 Determination of spray (powder) quantity
JB/T9782-1999
4.3.1 For the determination of the spray quantity of the nozzle and spray gun of the hydraulic spray, the spray liquid is held in a container at the rated pressure. Each measurement lasts 1 to 3 minutes. Repeat three times and calculate the average spray quantity per minute. 4.3.2 When measuring the spray volume of a small machine, the following method can be used: put an appropriate amount of clean water into the medicine box and weigh its weight Wi, measure the weight W2 of the machine after spraying for 1 to 3 minutes, calculate the spray volume per minute, repeat three times, and find the average spray volume per minute. If there is a switch to adjust the spray volume, the average spray volume per minute should be measured at different switch sizes. 4.3.3 Determination of powder spray volume
When measuring the powder spray volume, put an appropriate amount of clay powder in the powder box. Determine the time required to spray the powder with the powder door fully open, repeat three times, and find the average maximum powder spray volume per minute. If there are different requirements for the powder door opening, the average powder spray volume per minute at each opening should be measured. The measurement results are recorded in Table 4.
4.4 Determination of spray angle
4.4.1 Indirect measurement method: Install the spray component on the bracket, with the nozzle facing downward, spray at the rated working pressure, take a photo of the orthographic projection of the spray angle, and then determine the spray straight part on the photo, as shown in Figure 3, and measure its angle with a protractor on the straight part. Nozzle
Spray straight part
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of spray angle measurement method
4.4.2 Direct measurement method: Place a piece of millimeter grid paper on the horizontal surface directly in front of the spray nozzle (the nozzle is 5~10mm above the paper surface), with the spray direction parallel to the ground. When spraying normally, spray twice continuously and measure the spray angle directly with a protractor. 4.4.3 Calculation method: Install the spraying component on a bracket of appropriate height, with the nozzle facing downward, spray at rated working pressure, and use the height of the spray nozzle and the width of the mist trail sprayed on the ground to obtain the following formula (5): α = 2tan-\b/2h ...
Wherein: h—the height of the spray nozzle, cm; b—the width of the mist trail sprayed on the ground, cm. 4.5 Determination of the amount of residual liquid (powder) in the medicine box
·(5)
The determination of the amount of residual liquid (powder) can be combined with the determination of the amount of spray (powder), that is, before measuring the amount of spray (powder), place the empty tool on a platform scale to measure the weight of the tool W1, and after the spray (powder) is completed, weigh the weight of the tool W2. The difference between the two is the amount of residual liquid (powder) in the tool. If the tool is equipped with a fuel tank, the fuel consumption should be removed during the calculation. The results are recorded in Table 4. 4.6 Determination of spray volume distribution uniformity
4.6.1 Determination method
a) When measuring hydraulic remote or long-boom spray, place square cup-type droplet receivers (upper opening area of 10cmx10cm) at intervals (not more than 0.5m) or continuously in the mist flow range along the direction of the range and the spray width, or place fog collecting troughs of corresponding length. The spray time is 3~5min, and the spray is weighed after stopping.
JB/T9782-1999
b) When measuring air-conveyed spray, use the paper card method (3×5cm2 millimeter grid paper), and the spray liquid is made of clean water plus 1% (weight ratio) black dye. During the test, the paper card is clamped horizontally on a bracket with a height of 0.15~1m. It is arranged at intervals (not more than 0.5m) or continuously in the direction of the range and the spray width within the range of the mist flow. The spray time is 2~3s. After spraying, the paper card is observed and counted with a magnifying glass. The total number of droplets on its 3 square centimeters area is counted completely or randomly, or the dye content on it is measured with a spectrophotometer. c) When measuring the spray of a single hydraulic nozzle, a V-shaped spray trough is used for sampling, as shown in Figure 4. The nozzle is arranged at a specified height from the trough surface. Under the rated working pressure, spray for several seconds, measure the amount of mist received in each trough, and record the measurement results in Table 5. Nozzle
Trough width 50±0.5
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of spray trough
d) Determination of spray volume distribution uniformity of a boom sprayer The nozzle on the sprayer boom is installed at a height of 500mm from the fog collecting trough. If necessary, it can also be carried out at 300, 700, and 800mm. At the rated working pressure, spray for 1 to 5 minutes. Collect the liquid flowing out of each groove. Avoid splashing or outflow of the liquid in the receiving tube. Measure the liquid volume with a measuring cylinder and record the measured value in Table 5. 4.6.2 Statistical method
a) Uniformity of spray volume distribution
Calculate the spray volume per unit area per unit time at each measuring point within the mist flow range, expressed in mL/(min·cm2). Use the coefficient of variation to express the uniformity of spray volume distribution. Draw a spray volume distribution diagram if necessary. b) Uniformity of spray volume along the axial direction of the mist flow
Calculate the amount of mist deposited per unit time at each cross section at different distances along the axial direction of the mist flow, and divide it by the width of the receiver (10cm), expressed in mL/(min·cm). Use the coefficient of variation to express the uniformity of spray volume along the axial direction of the mist flow, and draw a distribution diagram of spray volume along the axial direction of the mist flow. 4.6.3 Calculate the mean 9, standard deviation S, and coefficient of variation V. 91+92+
(qa)2
（6）
JB/T9782-1999
V=Sx100% .
Wherein, q1, q2…·n—
the spray volume at each measuring point or the sum of the spray volume in each cross section along the axial direction of the mist flow; n—the number of cross sections along the axial direction of the mist flow at the measuring point. 4.7 Determination of powder uniformity
.....(8)
For small machines, the machine can be placed on a platform scale. In the process of spraying Nkg (N is an integer) of clay powder, the time T (s) required to spray 1kg is measured in two working states: the powder door is fully open and the powder door is one-third open. Repeat the measurement for 3 boxes in each working state and count all the measured values of the 3 boxes. For large machines, the detailed rules given in 4.3.3 can be used for measurement. Calculate according to the formula given in 4.6.3. The results are recorded in Table 6.
4.8 Determination of stirring uniformity of agitator
4.8.1 Determination of repeatability of stirring uniformity: Under rated working conditions, mix wettable powder with water and add it to the rated liquid level in the medicine tank. The concentration is 2%. Stir for 3 minutes. Take samples evenly at the discharge port of the medicine tank five times in the time interval from half a minute after the start of spraying to before the medicine in the medicine tank is completely drained. Measure the sample concentration, repeat the measurement for 3 boxes, and count all the measured values of the 3 boxes. The measurement results are recorded in Table 7.
4.8.2 Determination of stirring uniformity of the medicine at the nozzle: When measuring, first add 1/3 of water to the medicine tank, then add clay powder while adding water to the rated liquid level of the medicine tank. The concentration of the test liquid in the medicine tank is 2%. Start the machine for stirring. After 5 minutes, take samples from the nozzle of the spray rod at three different liquid levels (50mm below the liquid surface, half of the liquid surface, and 150mm above the bottom of the medicine box). At each liquid level, according to the length of the spray rod, take samples from 5 nozzles for 10m or more and 3 nozzles for less than 10m. The sampling time is 1min. Pour the sampled liquid into a measuring cylinder, take out 300mL of it and put it into an aluminum box or ceramic container. Put the aluminum box or ceramic container into a drying box and dry it at 105~110℃. Take out the substance and weigh the substance with a balance. The measurement results are recorded in Table 7. 4.8.3 Calculation of stirring uniformity
Calculate according to the formula given in 4.6.3 and record the results in Table 7. 4.9 Determination of the drug absorption stability of the jet mixer For volumetric pump or centrifugal pump sprayer, in the case of matching hose, the test is carried out at the rated speed and working pressure of the pump (the stop valve at the pump outlet is fully open).
The test mother liquid is a wettable powder mixed with water, and the mixing ratio (the weight ratio of water to powder) is 8:1. 15~20kg of the test mother liquid is divided into five times for continuous measurement. When the volume adjustment switch is fully open or 1/3 open, the time for each inhalation of equal amounts of mother liquid is measured, and the flow rate is calculated. Repeat three times, and all the measured values of the three times are counted. The coefficient of variation is used to express the drug absorption stability. Calculate according to the formula given in 4.6.3, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 8. 4.10 Installation of the spray gun spray concentration of the jet mixer 4.10.1 Test requirements
a) Install the mixer, pump, spray gun and other components. As shown in Figures 5 and 6. The test can be carried out only after normal operation. b) The drug absorption and spraying amount per unit time should be measured at the same time. c) The test mother solution is made by mixing wettable powder with water evenly. The mixing ratio (water: drug by weight) is prepared according to actual requirements. 6
4.10.2 Test method
Water suction pipe
Water suction pipe
JB/T 9782-1999
Pressure gauge
Mixer
Schematic diagram for water outlet pipeline
Mixer
Pressure gauge
Vacuum gauge
Vacuum gaugewwW.bzxz.Net
Figure 6 Schematic diagram for water suction pipeline
At each opening of the volume control switch, measure the drug absorption per minute of the ejector and the spraying amount per minute of the spray gun at the same time, and calculate the concentration according to formula (9). a=
Wherein: a
spray concentration, %;
A—absorption amount, kg/min;
spray gun spray amount, kg/min;
mixing ratio of test mother solution.
100%·
Measure 15~20kg of test mother solution three times in a row and calculate its average concentration at a certain opening. The measurement results are recorded in Table 9. 4.11 Determination of automatic water priming time and self-priming height a) The self-priming height and self-priming time of self-priming centrifugal pumps shall comply with the provisions of JB/T6664.3. (9)
JB/T9782-1999
b) Unless otherwise specified, the self-priming height and self-priming time of positive displacement pumps shall comply with the provisions of JB/T6664.3, but starting with water injection is not allowed.
4.12 Noise test
4.12.1 Measuring instruments: sound level meter, tachometer, tape measure, etc. 4.12.2 Test conditions
a) The measuring site should be flat and open. There should be no large reflective objects within a radius of 25m from the test center. b) During measurement, the background noise (including wind noise) should be 10dB (A) lower than the noise of the tested machine, and ensure that the measurement is not disturbed by accidental peaks of other sound sources.
Note: Background noise refers to the noise of the surrounding environment when the noise of the tested machine does not exist. c) To avoid wind noise interference, a windshield can be used. d) The tested machine should maintain the rated working state. e) During the test, there should be no other personnel near the sound level meter. Its microphone should be aimed at the surface of the machine, the exhaust noise measurement point should be in the 45° direction of the exhaust port axis, and the intake noise measurement point should be the intake port axis. f) Use a simple diagram to indicate the location of the machine and the measurement point. g) When the backpack is in actual backpack operation, measure the A-weighted sound pressure level of the noise at a point 10 cm in front of the ear (see Figure 7) at an angle of 45° to the operator's front, at the same height as the human ear. Medicine box
Figure 7 Schematic diagram of noise measurement points near the ear
4.12.3 Test method
a) The frequency weighting of the sound level meter uses the "A" weighting network. b) Test of noise near the ear. Backpack and stretcher spray dusters should simulate the height of the implement in the working state and measure at the ear of the operator (tested person): For the spray duster unit equipped with the tractor, the implement should be in the rated working state, the tractor should be driven at the common working gear on a flat road (the engine is running at the rated speed), and the vents of the tractor with a cab should be closed, and the measurement should be made near the ears of the driver and operator. The test results are recorded in Tables 10 and 11. The ear-felt noise characteristics of the implement are expressed as the maximum value at both ears. c) For the measurement of machine noise, backpack and stretcher spray powder sprayers should be placed on a heavy table 1m high, with shock-absorbing materials between the machine and the table to reduce the vibration of the machine. Select 4 measuring points evenly distributed at half the height of the machine 1m away from the main surface of the machine; drag 8
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