Directives for the work of standardization--Rules for drafting occupational safety and health standards
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Directives for the work of standardizationRules for dratting occupational safetyand health standards
1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the basic principles, requirements and methods for writing occupational safety and health standards: UDC 0Q6
This standard is applicable to the preparation of national standards and professional standards for occupational safety and health, and is also applicable to the preparation of other types of standards (such as product standards, method standards, and provisions on safety and health technical regulations. It should also be used as a reference when preparing relevant local standards and enterprise standards. Occupational health in this standard refers to health engineering technology and organizational management. 2 Referenced standards
GB1.1 Guidelines for standardization work Basic provisions for the preparation of standards GB1.3 Guidelines for standardization work Provisions for the preparation of product standards 3 Terminology
3.1 Hazardous factors
Factors that can cause death to people or sudden damage to objects. 3.2 Harmful factors
Factors that can affect people's physical and mental health, cause diseases (including occupational diseases), or cause chronic damage to objects. 3.3 Occupational safety and health standards: Standards formulated to eliminate, limit or prevent dangerous and harmful factors in occupational activities. 4 Basic requirements for standard abbreviations
4.1 In occupational activities, if there are physical, chemical, biological, psychological, physiological, and other types of dangerous and harmful factors, corresponding safety and health standards should be formulated, or relevant safety and health technical regulations should be abbreviated in other types of standards. Common dangerous and harmful factors are shown in Appendix A (reference). 4.2 The preparation of occupational safety and health standards should comply with the provisions of GB1.1. 4.3 The technical content of occupational safety and health standards should implement the principle of "safety first, prevention first" and comply with the requirements of relevant laws and regulations of my country.
4.4 Occupational safety and health standards should actively adopt international standards and advanced foreign standards. 4.5 When formulating occupational safety and health standards, lessons from accidents in occupational activities should be fully learned. 4.6 When stipulating safety and health technical measures in standards, the following principles should be followed: a. Elimination - through reasonable planning, design and scientific management, eliminate the dangers and harmful factors as far as possible, such as the use of automated operations, remote control technology, etc.: 1-889. Prevention - when it is difficult to eliminate the source of harm, take preventive technical measures, such as the use of protective film, fuse, safety valve, etc.; C: Reduction - when it is impossible to eliminate the source of harm and it is difficult to prevent, measures to reduce the harm can be taken, such as replacing high-reliability substances with low-toxic substances in chemical production: d. Isolation - when it is impossible to eliminate, prevent or reduce, personnel should be separated from the dangers and harmful factors, such as the use of handover wings. Protective screen, etc.:
e, interlocking - when the operator makes a mistake or the equipment reaches a dangerous state, the interlocking code is used to terminate the dangerous operation; ", warning - places where failures are prone to occur or the danger is relatively high are equipped with eye-catching identification signs. It is necessary to use sound, light or sound and light combined alarm devices.
5 Standard composition
Cover, Ken Goods 1
About the above part
Standard name
Subject content and scope of application!
Main body
Referenced standards
Terms, symbols, codes
Technical content
Appendix
Supplementary part
Additional instructions!
(See Article 6.1)
(See Article 6.2)
(See Article 6,3)
(See Article 7,「)
(See Article 7.2)
(See Article 7.3)
【See Chapter 8）
The above content It is the basic structure that an occupational safety and livelihood standard should generally have. When formulating (revising) a standard, the applicable components can be selected according to the characteristics and purpose of the standardization object. 6 Overview of the standard
6.1 Cover, first page and table of contents of the standard
The cover, first page and table of contents of the occupational safety and health standard shall comply with the provisions of Articles 1 to 5.2 of GE1.1. 6.2 Name of the standard
6.2.1 The name of the occupational safety and health standard shall comply with the provisions of Article 5.3 of GB1.1. 6.2.2, when the content of the standard is a series of unified regulations for technical matters such as design, construction, manufacturing, and inspection, it is recommended to use the name of the standardization object and "specification" as the standard name. For example, crane design specification
6.2.3 When the content of the standard is a unified regulation for specific safety and health technical requirements and implementation procedures for process, operation, installation, verification, management, etc., it is recommended to use the name of the standardization object and "safety regulations" and "regulations" as the standard name. Example 1: Safety regulations for painting operations
Example?: Technical regulations for dust prevention in glass production batching workshop 6.2.4 When the content of the standard is the safety and health technical regulations and test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation, storage and other aspects of specific equipment, protective equipment or other products, it is recommended to use the name of the standard object and "safety technical conditions" or "technical conditions" as the standard name.
Example 1: Safety technical conditions for anti-static rubber-soled shoes and conductive rubber-soled shoes Example 2: Technical case of optical safety device for presses 6.2.5 When the content of the standard only includes some technical features, the standard object and the technical features described in the standard can be used as the standard name.
Example 1: Classification of high-altitude operations
G0 1. 889
Example 2: Test method for filter-type self-rescuers for use with oxygen-containing gas 6.2.6 When the content of the standard is a comprehensive description of the standardization object, the standardization object can be directly used as the standard name, Safety
Example 2: Gas cylinders
6.2.7 When the standard is highly versatile, the name and "Guide" or "General Principles" including the standardization object and its technical characteristics can be used as the standard name:
Example 1: Guidelines for the use of safety colors
Example 2: General principles for safety and health design of production equipment 6.3 Introduction to standards
The introduction of occupational safety and health standards shall comply with the provisions of Article 5.4 of GB1.1. When necessary, the expiration date of the standard to be replaced may be indicated. ?Main body of the standard
7.1 Subject matter, scope of application, referenced standards The subject matter, scope of application, referenced standards of occupational safety and health standards shall comply with the provisions of Articles t.1 to 6.2 of B1.1, but the referenced standards shall be marked with the year number.
7.2 Terminology, symbols and codes
The terms, symbols and codes attached to occupational safety and health standards shall comply with the provisions of Article 6.3 of B1.1. 7.3 Technical content
7.3.1 The following basic requirements shall be imposed on the technical contents of occupational safety and health standards: a. Select the safety and health technical contents specified in the standards in a targeted manner according to the purpose of formulating (revising) the standards; b. The technical contents in the standards shall be clear and specific, with a unique interpretation. It is not allowed to use imprecise words to replace specific data and necessary conditions. All quantifiable items must be given in quantitative form: c. The technical indicators specified in the standards must have reliable basis or be verified. 7.3.2 For dangerous and harmful factors, those that can be classified and graded should be classified and graded first, and then safety and health technical requirements should be compiled according to different categories and levels.
For dangerous and harmful factors of different categories or levels, specific protection requirements and restriction requirements should be specified according to their nature of action and possible consequences. The content includes the limit values and detection methods. 7.3.3 Standards for raw materials and articles with dangerous or harmful effects should generally include the following: Hazard or toxicity of the substance: and indicate the level of hazard and toxicity: the nature, path, and consequences of the substance's harmful effects on the human body; b. The threshold value of the substance or its components in the environment and its determination method; d. The properties of flammable and explosive substances (autoignition point, flash point, explosion limit, etc.); e. The packaging, transportation, storage, use, detoxification or destruction methods of flammable and explosive substances; the ability and degree of the substance to form toxic compounds in the environment under the influence of other factors, protective measures and means (such as operating methods, collective protective facilities and individual protective equipment, etc.); h.
Requirements for setting safety signs:
Testing methods and evaluation methods for safety and health requirements: Others.
7.3.4 Occupational safety and health standards for production (or occupational activities) processes. Generally, the following should be included: 2. Hazards and harmful factors unique to the production process (source, level, concentration, threshold value and other parameters); b. Organize and implement the design and plan of the production process. As well as the key points of the work system, equipment operating procedures, process control and inspection and monitoring system under normal working conditions and emergency situations; GE1.889
c. Safety and health requirements for production rooms (including large work sites) and work points; d. Safety and health requirements for equipment (see 7.a.5); core: for dangerous and harmful raw materials. 1. Requirements for the use and treatment of raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products and production surplus materials; 2. Requirements for the transportation (including installation) and storage of raw materials, raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products and production surplus materials; 3. Requirements for piping, operation point layout, pipeline layout, dispersion and isolation of potentially dangerous equipment, and start-up signals of moving parts of equipment for special equipment used in the production process (or occupational activity process); 4. Requirements for the psychological, physiological and other aspects of all staff participating in the production process (or occupational activity process) and requirements for training and assessment; 5. Requirements for the treatment, utilization and elimination of surplus materials (including waste materials) as sources of dangerous and harmful factors; 6. Requirements for the use of protective facilities (including collective protective facilities and individual protective equipment); 7.3.5 Requirements for safety signs; 8.3.5 Testing methods and evaluation methods for safety and health requirements! 9. Others, 10.3.5 Equipment safety and health standards. - Generally, the following contents should be included: the types, degrees and permissible levels of dangerous or harmful factors that may be caused by the equipment: requirements for the materials and substances used, such as the strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and aging resistance of the materials, as well as the requirements for the substances to be b.
non-toxic or low-toxic;
Requirements for moving parts, such as the rotating, swinging and translational parts located outside: requirements for anti-slip leather of pedals, work platforms, walkways, ladders, etc., and anti-falling requirements for high-altitude operations; d.
Safety requirements for the surface condition, layers and edges of the equipment; various safety protection devices, especially protective covers, protective screens, brakes, interlocking devices, terminal switches and positioners of active components; f.
Requirements for working state and limit state control (including protection) devices and inspection, monitoring instruments; g.
Requirements for the configuration of manipulators, signals and displays: ergonomic requirements for starting, operating and maintaining the equipment; requirements for control and switching devices, especially the requirements for emergency switches and prevention of accidental start-up; requirements for the rigidity and stability of equipment;
Safety requirements for equipment lifting, handling, installation, use and storage; Lubrication requirements:
Lighting requirements:bzxZ.net
Electricity safety requirements:
Safety requirements during inspection, maintenance and operation: Hazards that may occur during operation, such as ejected objects, noise, vibration, temperature, humidity, dust, radiation, steam, gas or liquid, etc., and restrictions and protection requirements:
Fire prevention and explosion prevention (including equipment internal pressure) requirements;
Safety and health requirements for pneumatic equipment and pressure equipment: Safety and health requirements for equipment using liquid fuel or solid fuel; 5.
Safety and health requirements for equipment using nuclear fuel: t.
Coloring requirements for various material pipelines;
Requirements for setting safety signs;
Detection methods and evaluation methods for safety and health requirements: x
Others.
7.3.6 For other types of occupational safety and health standards, the corresponding technical contents can be reasonably compiled according to the characteristics of each type and the needs of occupational safety and health.
GB 1.889
For products directly used for occupational safety and health, the product marking shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB 1.3. The marking shall generally be marked with the following:
Supplementary part of the standard
Supplementary part of the occupational safety and health standard, including appendices and additional instructions, shall comply with the provisions of Chapter B1.1. A1 Physical hazards and harmful factors
GB 1.889
Appendix A
Common hazards and harmful factors
(reference)
a. Transportation vehicles. Moving machines and machines. Moving parts of production equipment, moving products, broken parts, materials, damaged mechanisms and dangerous structures, etc.:
b. Temperature, air pressure is too high or too low, and the temperature and air pressure change drastically, the air flow is too strong or too weak, or the noise and vibration (including ultrasonic vibration and infrasonic vibration) are too large; the light is too strong or the illumination is insufficient, glare, the light flux fluctuates too much, and the contrast of light or color is not contemptible: e.
The ultraviolet and infrared radiation is too strong, the electric and magnetic field strength is too strong 1. Too much separation, too much electromagnetic radiation or static electricity, and too high or too low air ionization;
The radioactive isotope and radiation energy (radioactivity intensity (or dose) is too high, and the microwave field is too strong; The distance between the working position and the falling reference plane is too large; 2. Sharp burrs and edges on the surface of tools and equipment; Too high or too low temperature on the surface of equipment and materials; The internal pressure of the equipment exceeds the allowable value;
The content or pollution level in the fixed air is too high;
Earth and rock collapse:
Weightlessness:
Others.
Chemical hazards and harmful factors
Toxic substances, such as organic phosphine, lead, mercury, benzene, arsenic, phenol, ammonia, fluorine, etc.; flammable and explosive substances, such as hydrogen, gasoline, compressed or liquefied gas, and flammable and explosive gas filtrates or dust in the air; corrosive substances, such as acidic and alkaline substances; d. Others.
A3 Biological hazards and harmful factors
Mainly refer to pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, spirochetes, fungi, carbonyl bacteria, forest encephalitis virus, etc. A4 Psychological and physiological hazards and harmful factors
a. Excessive physical burden;
. Excessive psychological burden, such as excessive mental tension, boring work, excessive excitement, etc. A5 Others
Additional instructions:
GB 1.889
This standard was jointly proposed by the Ministry of Technical Supervision and the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification Code. The standard was drafted by the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification Code, Liaoning Labor Protection Science Research Institute and other units. The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Li, Fan Xiying, Yi Xiang, Wang Xili, and Zhu Cunyin.
1. Requirements for operating state and limit state control (including protection) devices and inspection and monitoring instruments: g
Configuration requirements for manipulators, signals and displays: Ergonomic requirements for starting, operating and maintaining the equipment; Requirements for control and regulation devices, especially for emergency state switches and prevention of accidental start-up; Requirements for the rigidity and stability of equipment;
Safety requirements for equipment lifting, handling, installation, use and storage; Lubrication requirements:
Lighting requirements:
Electricity safety requirements:
Safety requirements during inspection, maintenance and operation: Hazards that may occur during operation, such as ejected objects, noise, vibration, temperature, humidity, dust, radiation, steam, gas or liquid, etc. Restrictions and protection requirements:
Fire prevention, explosion prevention (including equipment internal pressure) requirements;
Safety and health requirements for pneumatic equipment and pressure equipment: Safety and health requirements for equipment using liquid fuel or solid fuel; 5.
Safety and health requirements for equipment using nuclear fuel: t.
Coloring requirements for various material pipelines;
Requirements for setting safety signs;
Testing methods and evaluation methods for safety and health requirements: x
Others.
7.3.6 Other types of occupational safety and health standards can reasonably compile corresponding technical contents according to the characteristics of each type and the needs of occupational safety and health.
GB 1.889
For products directly used for occupational safety and health, the product marking shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB 1.3. The marking shall generally include the supplementary part of the standard
The supplementary part of the occupational safety and health standard, including the appendix and additional instructions, shall comply with the provisions of Chapter B1.1. A1 Physical hazards and harmful factors
GB 1.889
Appendix A
Common hazards and harmful factors
(reference)
a. Transportation vehicles. Moving machines and machines. Moving parts of production equipment, moving products, broken parts, materials, damaged mechanisms and dangerous structures, etc.:
b. Temperature, air pressure is too high or too low, and the temperature and air pressure change drastically, the air flow is too strong or too weak, or the noise and vibration (including ultrasonic vibration and infrasonic vibration) are too large; the light is too strong or the illumination is insufficient, glare, the light flux fluctuates too much, and the contrast of light or color is not contemptible: e.
The ultraviolet and infrared radiation is too strong, the electric and magnetic field strength is too strong 1. Too much separation, too much electromagnetic radiation or static electricity, and too high or too low air ionization;
The radioactive isotope and radiation energy (radioactivity intensity (or dose) is too high, and the microwave field is too strong; The distance between the working position and the falling reference plane is too large; 2. Sharp burrs and edges on the surface of tools and equipment; Too high or too low temperature on the surface of equipment and materials; The internal pressure of the equipment exceeds the allowable value;
The content or pollution level in the fixed air is too high;
Earth and rock collapse:
Weightlessness:
Others.
Chemical hazards and harmful factors
Toxic substances, such as organic phosphine, lead, mercury, benzene, arsenic, phenol, ammonia, fluorine, etc.; flammable and explosive substances, such as hydrogen, gasoline, compressed or liquefied gas, and flammable and explosive gas filtrates or dust in the air; corrosive substances, such as acidic and alkaline substances; d. Others.
A3 Biological hazards and harmful factors
Mainly refer to pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, spirochetes, fungi, carbonyl bacteria, forest encephalitis virus, etc. A4 Psychological and physiological hazards and harmful factors
a. Excessive physical burden;
. Excessive psychological burden, such as excessive mental tension, boring work, excessive excitement, etc. A5 Others
Additional instructions:
GB 1.889
This standard was jointly proposed by the Ministry of Technical Supervision and the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification Code. The standard was drafted by the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification Code, Liaoning Labor Protection Science Research Institute and other units. The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Li, Fan Xiying, Yi Xiang, Wang Xili, and Zhu Cunyin.
1. Requirements for operating state and limit state control (including protection) devices and inspection and monitoring instruments: g
Configuration requirements for manipulators, signals and displays: Ergonomic requirements for starting, operating and maintaining the equipment; Requirements for control and regulation devices, especially for emergency state switches and prevention of accidental start-up; Requirements for the rigidity and stability of equipment;
Safety requirements for equipment lifting, handling, installation, use and storage; Lubrication requirements:
Lighting requirements:
Electricity safety requirements:
Safety requirements during inspection, maintenance and operation: Hazards that may occur during operation, such as ejected objects, noise, vibration, temperature, humidity, dust, radiation, steam, gas or liquid, etc. Restrictions and protection requirements:
Fire prevention, explosion prevention (including equipment internal pressure) requirements;
Safety and health requirements for pneumatic equipment and pressure equipment: Safety and health requirements for equipment using liquid fuel or solid fuel; 5.
Safety and health requirements for equipment using nuclear fuel: t.
Coloring requirements for various material pipelines;
Requirements for setting safety signs;
Testing methods and evaluation methods for safety and health requirements: x
Others.
7.3.6 Other types of occupational safety and health standards can reasonably compile corresponding technical contents according to the characteristics of each type and the needs of occupational safety and health.
GB 1.889
For products directly used for occupational safety and health, the product marking shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB 1.3. The marking shall generally include the supplementary part of the standard
The supplementary part of the occupational safety and health standard, including the appendix and additional instructions, shall comply with the provisions of Chapter B1.1. A1 Physical hazards and harmful factors
GB 1.889
Appendix A
Common hazards and harmful factors
(reference)
a. Transportation vehicles. Moving machines and machines. Moving parts of production equipment, moving products, broken parts, materials, damaged mechanisms and dangerous structures, etc.:
b. Temperature, air pressure is too high or too low, and the temperature and air pressure change drastically, the air flow is too strong or too weak, or the noise and vibration (including ultrasonic vibration and infrasonic vibration) are too large; the light is too strong or the illumination is insufficient, glare, the light flux fluctuates too much, and the contrast of light or color is not contemptible: e.
The ultraviolet and infrared radiation is too strong, the electric and magnetic field strength is too strong 1. Too much separation, too much electromagnetic radiation or static electricity, and too high or too low air ionization;
The radioactive isotope and radiation energy (radioactivity intensity (or dose) is too high, and the microwave field is too strong; The distance between the working position and the falling reference plane is too large; 2. Sharp burrs and edges on the surface of tools and equipment; Too high or too low temperature on the surface of equipment and materials; The internal pressure of the equipment exceeds the allowable value;
The content or pollution level in the fixed air is too high;
Earth and rock collapse:
Weightlessness:
Others.
Chemical hazards and harmful factors
Toxic substances, such as organic phosphine, lead, mercury, benzene, arsenic, phenol, ammonia, fluorine, etc.; flammable and explosive substances, such as hydrogen, gasoline, compressed or liquefied gas, and flammable and explosive gas filtrates or dust in the air; corrosive substances, such as acidic and alkaline substances; d. Others.
A3 Biological hazards and harmful factors
Mainly refer to pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, spirochetes, fungi, carbonyl bacteria, forest encephalitis virus, etc. A4 Psychological and physiological hazards and harmful factors
a. Excessive physical burden;
. Excessive psychological burden, such as excessive mental tension, boring work, excessive excitement, etc. A5 Others
Additional instructions:
GB 1.889
This standard was jointly proposed by the Ministry of Technical Supervision and the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification Code. The standard was drafted by the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification Code, Liaoning Labor Protection Science Research Institute and other units. The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Li, Fan Xiying, Yi Xiang, Wang Xili, and Zhu Cunyin.
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