This standard specifies the blockade and isolation of human plague epidemic areas, the treatment of epidemic areas, the treatment of patients and their direct contacts, and the lifting of blockade and isolation. This standard applies to people's governments at all levels, health authorities, medical and health institutions, health and epidemic prevention institutions, and units, households and individuals involved in the treatment of epidemic areas. GB 15978-1995 Standards and Principles for the Treatment of Human Plague Epidemic Areas GB15978-1995 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Criteria and principle of treatment of human plague area in ChinawwW.bzxz.Net
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB159781995
This standard specifies the blockade and isolation of human plague areas, the treatment of plague areas, the treatment of patients and their direct contacts, and the lifting of blockade and isolation.
This standard applies to people's governments at all levels, health authorities, medical and health institutions, health and epidemic prevention institutions, and units, households and individuals related to the treatment of plague areas.
2 Terminology
2.1 Human plague areas
There are two types of areas: historical plague areas and current plague areas. Historical plague areas refer to areas or places that have been designated as plague foci and have experienced human plague, but have now stopped or are no longer plague-infected; current plague areas refer to areas or places where human plague is currently occurring within the plague foci.
2.2 Treatment of epidemic areas
Various technical countermeasures and responsibilities taken for the current epidemic areas, including the treatment and management of patients with current symptoms, the dead, and direct contacts. 2.3 Blockade and isolation
Plague patients and their direct contacts, as well as people and various items in areas or places that may be contaminated, are isolated from people and various items in uncontaminated areas or places.
2.4 Health isolation
Isolation treatment for people who have direct contact with plague patients, corpses, and various items contaminated by plague bacteria, including people who are not suffering from plague in small isolation circles.
2.5 Direct contacts
People who have direct contact with plague patients, corpses, and items and air contaminated by plague bacteria. 3. Standards for blockade and isolation of human plague epidemic areas
3.1 Anyone who is determined to be a suspected plague patient (or household) must be treated as a plague patient before the patient (or corpse) is free of plague. 3.2 In the epidemic area where the patient (or household) diagnosed with plague is located, a small isolation circle must be demarcated for blockade and isolation. With the residence of the plague patient (or household) as the center, the contaminated neighbors around it are demarcated as a small isolation circle. People in the small isolation circle are subject to health isolation. 3.3 When the patient (or household) of pneumonic plague occurs in sparsely populated mountainous areas or pastoral areas with scattered populations, only a small isolation circle is demarcated: when it occurs in densely populated areas with relatively concentrated populations, large and small isolation circles must be demarcated. With the residence of the plague patient as the center, part or all of the village, street, etc. where the patient is located is demarcated as a large isolation circle.
3.4 ​​When multiple points of human plague break out simultaneously in densely populated areas, a large isolation circle may not be drawn. The entire village or several villages may be designated as a blockade and isolation area according to the distribution of patients.
3.5 When plague patients occur during travel or in hospitals, the carriages where the patients are located, stations or hospitals and other contaminated places shall be quickly sealed and isolated. Approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on December 15, 1995 244
Implemented on July 1, 1996
Immediately separate from the crowd in non-contaminated places.
GB15978—1995
3.6 Quickly identify the direct contacts of plague and isolate them on the spot for examination. For details of the above content, please refer to Appendix A.
4 Standards and principles for handling areas where human plague is currently prevalent 4.1 Plague patients, suspected plague patients and their direct contacts must each be provided with a separate ward and isolation room. Among plague patients, patients with pneumonic plague and intestinal plague shall each be provided with a separate ward. People in the isolation circle or isolation area are prohibited from going out and shall be examined twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. 4.2 The small isolation circle of patients with pneumonic plague and intestinal plague must be disinfected first; sputum and excrement must be disinfected in time, and rats and fleas must be eliminated in large and small isolation circles or isolation areas; contaminated places, items, cooking utensils, tableware, etc. must be disinfected or burned; various items are prohibited from being transported out. 4.3 Fleas and rats must be eliminated in the isolation circle for bubonic and other types of plague, and wards and isolation rooms must be disinfected once a day. 4.4 Cats and dogs in isolation circles or isolation areas for various types of plague must be controlled and fleas must be eliminated on cats and dogs. 4.5 While the epidemic area is blocked and isolated, an epidemiological investigation must be carried out quickly to trace the source of infection, identify direct contacts, contaminated items and the scope of contamination.
4.6 When the source of infection is an animal, it must be handled in accordance with the provisions of the "Plague Prevention and Control Manual"; when people are infected by skinning and eating infected animals, the animal's skin, fat, meat, bones, various contaminated items and places must be disinfected or burned. 4.7 Plague corpses and contaminated sites must be disinfected, rats and fleas must be eliminated, and corpses must be burned or buried on site after disinfection. Any form of funeral is strictly prohibited.
For the above content, please refer to Appendix B and Appendix C.
5Standards and principles for lifting isolation of patients and direct contacts5.1 Rapid rescue and treatment of plague patients, special care, attention to changes in the condition, and timely adjustment of treatment plans. 5.2 After treatment, the body temperature of patients with pneumonic plague returns to normal, and systemic symptoms and signs are significantly improved. After treatment for another 3 to 5 days, after stopping treatment, the sputum and throat secretions are continuously checked for plague bacteria 3 times, and once every 3 days. If all are negative, isolation can be lifted. 5.3 After treatment, the body temperature of patients with bubonic and other types of plague returns to normal, systemic symptoms disappear, and enlarged lymph nodes are completely absorbed or small nodules remain, and isolation can be lifted.
5.4 For patients with skin plague and swollen lymph nodes, after the wound surface is clean and has basically healed, the infected area can be examined for plague bacteria three times in a row, and the examination is negative every three days, then the isolation can be lifted. 5.5 Direct contacts must be isolated and tested on the spot, and preventive treatment must be given for 9 days; those who have gone to other places must be traced quickly, isolated and tested on the spot for preventive treatment for 9 days, and the isolation can be lifted when there are no new plague patients or suspected plague patients after 9 days; if there are new plague patients during the test period, their direct contacts must be re-isolated and tested for 9 days, and the isolation can be lifted when there are no new plague patients after 9 days. 6 Criteria for lifting the blockade and isolation of human plague epidemic areas 6.1 The blockade and isolation area meets the standards for rodent and flea extermination, and there are no new plague patients or suspected persons after the last patient is cured; the wards, isolation rooms, pollutants and contaminated places are terminally disinfected, and the blockade and isolation can be lifted. 6.2 For patients with plague who have not recovered, only the patients and their wards are blocked and isolated, and the isolation circles or isolation areas can be lifted as scheduled. The blockade and isolation can be lifted only after the patient recovers and the ward clothing, etc. must be terminally disinfected. For details of the above content, please refer to Appendix A and Appendix B.
GB 15978--1995
Appendix A
Procedures and responsibilities for blockade and isolation and lifting of blockade and isolation (supplementary)
A1 Blockade and isolation procedures for human plague epidemic areas A1.1 After receiving the report of human plague epidemic, township (town) and village health personnel must set out within 1 hour and rush to the scene quickly to initially blockade and isolate the sick family and patients, and promptly rescue and treat critically ill patients. At the same time, immediately report to the government department in charge or plague prevention and control professional agency (hereinafter referred to as professional agency).
A1.2 After receiving the epidemic report, the county (banner) professional agency must set out within 2 hours and take rapid transportation to the epidemic area to check and improve the preliminary blockade and isolation measures.
A1.3 When the county (banner) professional agency identifies the suspected plague patient on the spot, it shall immediately report to the county (banner) government department in charge and the superior professional agency. After receiving the report, the professional staff of the higher-level professional organization must, if necessary, depart within 2 hours and rush to the scene by fast transportation to further inspect and improve the preliminary blockade and isolation measures. A2 Organization and responsibilities for handling human plague epidemic areas A2.1 When a human plague case is initially diagnosed, the county (banner) people's government decides to implement blockade and isolation of the epidemic area and quickly carry out the work of handling the epidemic area.
A2.2 For the handling of human plague epidemic areas, under the leadership of the local county (banner) or county (banner) people's government, a temporary command post will be formed with the participation of government leaders, competent departments, health and epidemic prevention, public security and other relevant personnel. Its main task is to implement the handling of the epidemic area and various plague prevention and control measures, and maintain the production, living order and public security in the blockade area. A2.3 The county (banner) and people's governments at all levels above the epidemic area will decide the scope of blockade and isolation of the epidemic area according to the epidemic situation and the "Regulations on Plague Prevention and Control". The local public security department will be responsible for vigilance and report the epidemic situation step by step in the fastest way until it is reported to the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. A2.4 When implementing traffic blockade and traffic quarantine within a province, city, or autonomous region, it must be approved by the people's government of the province, city, or autonomous region, and reported to the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of Transport, and Civil Aviation Administration of the People's Republic of China for record. If it is cross-provincial (municipal, regional) and approved by the relevant provincial (municipal, regional) people's government and relevant national ministries, commissions, and bureaus, it shall be implemented by the local people's government and relevant departments. A2.5 The people's governments at the county (banner) level and above in the epidemic area may decide to set up temporary health quarantine stations at stations, ports, airports, highways, etc. in the epidemic area and its vicinity according to the epidemic situation, and implement quarantine for vehicles, passengers and goods. Goods that may be contaminated may be shipped out only after passing the quarantine. Vehicles are not allowed to stay in the epidemic area; or boarding the vehicle (ship, plane) by purchasing tickets with quarantine certificates. A3 Tasks and responsibilities of professional institutions at all levels
A3.1 Professional institutions at all levels participate in the treatment of the epidemic area and are responsible for technical and business work under the unified leadership of the local government and the command center. A3.2 Professional personnel shall provide timely rescue and treatment for plague patients; direct contacts must be registered one by one, and health isolation and preventive treatment shall be implemented; when direct contacts go to other places, the relevant regional health departments must assist in tracking and take quarantine measures. A3.3 Personnel in the small isolation circle of the human plague epidemic area and their health isolation personnel shall not go out during the blockade and isolation period, and are strictly prohibited from contacting other people. They shall be examined twice a day by professional personnel. A3.4 After the large isolation circle of the human plague epidemic area has been treated and met the standards, the residents in the large isolation circle can carry out production activities in an organized manner. Professional personnel will examine all personnel in the large isolation circle twice a day until the blockade and isolation are lifted. A3.5 Disinfection, flea and rodent control and epidemiological investigations will be organized in a timely manner to trace the source of infection. A4 Procedures and responsibilities for lifting the blockade and isolation of human plague epidemic areas A4.1 The treatment of the epidemic area has been completed in accordance with the standard requirements. After acceptance, the large and small isolation circles have met the rodent control, flea control and environmental hygiene standards. There have been no secondary patients for 9 consecutive days. The epidemic area treatment headquarters can submit a report to lift the blockade of the epidemic area. The blockade can be announced to be lifted only after approval by the county government or above, and the report should be filed with the Ministry of Health.
A4.2 When human plague is ruled out, the blockade and isolation should be lifted immediately. A4.3 Legal liability
It shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter VI of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China. Appendix B
Disinfection Standards
(Supplement)
The purpose of disinfection is to kill or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms on the vector and render them harmless. Disinfection is also an important measure to prevent the spread of plague and is one of the main items in the treatment of epidemic areas. B1 Spray and disinfect the room of plague patients with 5% Lysol or carbolic acid aqueous solution. The required disinfectant is 300mL/m2 and disinfect once a day. The room of pneumonic plague is disinfected twice a day.
B2 Cotton products such as cotton clothes and bedding are sterilized with steam or 0.105MPa20min high pressure sterilization. Single clothes and jackets can be soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution for 24 hours, washed and dried.
Clothing, furs, and books that cannot be disinfected by immersion or steam can be fumigated with formaldehyde at a dosage of 50mL/m2 and sealed for 24 hours, or fumigated with ethylene oxide at a dosage of 1.5-2.0mL/L. The method is to put the items to be disinfected into a plastic bag, pour in ethylene oxide, seal the bag with an aluminum clip, and disinfect them by natural vaporization at room temperature greater than 15°C for 16-24 hours. Watches, radios and other valuables can be wiped with 75% alcohol, or steamed with ethylene oxide for 16-24 hours. B3 Tableware can be disinfected by boiling, and grains and foods can be disinfected by frying, boiling, and exposure. B4 Patients' excrement and secretions can be soaked in a 5% Lysol aqueous solution or disinfected with bleach (200-400g/kg) for 24 hours before being buried. Garbage can be buried after incineration.
B5 Vehicles transporting patients can be sprayed with a 5% Lysol aqueous solution for disinfection. B6 Before entering the isolation room, the patient should wipe the whole body with 0.1% Sanisol and put on special clothing. Disinfect the clothes according to B2. When the isolation is lifted, the patient can be discharged from the hospital after changing into disinfected clothes. B7 For the disinfection of plague bodies, use cotton soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution to plug the holes in the body (mouth, nose, ears, anus, vagina, etc.). Wrap the body with a sheet soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution and transport it to the crematorium or cemetery by car. After the body is burned to ashes, it is buried in the soil. When burying, it must be kept away from water sources and buried more than 2m deep. Quicklime should be drawn around the body and buried immediately. B8 The escorting and burying personnel must wear masks and protective clothing. After the funeral, disinfection should be carried out according to the provisions of B2. B9 Medical staff entering and leaving the isolation room must dress according to regulations and take personal protection measures. When leaving the isolation room, they must spray disinfectant with 5% Lysol or 5% carbolic acid aqueous solution, take off protective clothing (glasses, clothes, masks, gloves, rubber boots, etc.) in turn, put them into designated containers, and disinfect them according to B2. B10 Before lifting the isolation, clothing, utensils, and dirt must be disinfected according to B2. After the room is sealed, it must be disinfected with formaldehyde or ethylene oxide according to the dosage and duration required by B2.
Appendix C
Standards for Deratification and Egg Destroying
(Supplement)
Deratification and flea elimination, eliminating the source of plague infection and cutting off the transmission route, are key measures to prevent the recurrence of plague cases and are one of the main items for the treatment of epidemic areas.
C1 Deratification Standards
GB15978—1995
C1.1 Deratification in human plague epidemic areas must be carried out on the basis of or at the same time as deratification. C1.2 In both large and small isolation circles, both domestic and wild rats must meet the standard of no rats and no holes. C1.3 When it has been confirmed that the infection of plague patients originated from the local animal plague epidemic area, the deratting should be expanded to the residential areas and adjacent areas outside the isolation circle that belong to the animal plague epidemic area. Fumigants are used to kill rats and fleas in the wild epidemic area. The density of domestic rats is reduced to below 0.5%, and the density of the main plague hosts in the production and living areas and their vicinity is reduced to below 1% (domestic rats), 1/10 male rats (yellow rats), 3/10 male rats (gerbils), and 0.5/10 male rats (marmots).
C1.4 In remote areas with a large deratting area and sparse population, when there is no condition for applying fumigants and poison bait is used instead, fleas must be killed at the same time as deratting (or drugs are applied in the holes and holes are blocked), and those who apply drugs should take personal protection. C1.5 In large and small isolation circles, it is strictly forbidden for the public to catch rats with instruments. C2 Egg-killing Standard
C2.1 The living quarters of plague patients and their direct contacts or isolation treatment rooms, as well as other items such as clothing and quilts, must be thoroughly de-fleaed. C2.2 Use chemical flea killers to kill fleas in the environment of houses in large and small isolation circles, kill fleas in rat holes indoors and outdoors, and kill fleas in livestock (pigs, dogs) and poultry (chickens, geese) pens. Make sure that no fleas are detected indoors using the sticky flea paper method (5 sheets per room) and the soil accumulation method (5m2 per room). C2.3 When the periphery of the isolation circle is an animal plague epidemic area, fumigation drugs that kill both rats and fleas must be used to treat rat holes. When using poison bait to kill rats, the holes must be blocked in time to prevent fleas from escaping from the holes.
C2.4 Cats and dogs in the epidemic area must be strictly managed and tethered to kill fleas. Those who are not tethered will be killed. Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the National Plague and Brucellosis Control Base, and was drafted in collaboration with the Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Epidemiology Control Institute, and the Yunnan Provincial Epidemiology Control Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Song Yanfu, Bai Qingkui, Zhu Jinqin, Shi Shuwen, Liu Jiyou, and Huang Jianhua. The Ministry of Health’s technical coordination unit, the Ministry of Health’s Office of Supervision and Administration of Communicable Disease Control, is responsible for interpreting this standard. 2.183 Legal liability
The legal liability shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter VI of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China. Appendix B
Disinfection standards
(Supplement)
The purpose of disinfection is to kill or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms on the vector and render them harmless. Disinfection is also an important measure to prevent the spread of plague and is one of the main items for the treatment of epidemic areas. B1 Spray and disinfect the room of plague patients with 5% Lysol or carbolic acid aqueous solution. The required disinfectant is 300mL/m2 and disinfect once a day. The room of pneumonic plague is disinfected twice a day.
B2 Cotton products such as cotton clothes and bedding are sterilized with steam or 0.105MPa20min high pressure sterilization. Single clothes and jackets can be soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution for 24 hours, washed and dried.
Clothing, furs, and books that cannot be disinfected by immersion or steam can be fumigated with formaldehyde at a dosage of 50mL/m2 and sealed for 24 hours, or fumigated with ethylene oxide at a dosage of 1.5-2.0mL/L. The method is to put the items to be disinfected into a plastic bag, pour in ethylene oxide, seal the bag with an aluminum clip, and disinfect them by natural vaporization at room temperature greater than 15°C for 16-24 hours. Watches, radios and other valuables can be wiped with 75% alcohol, or steamed with ethylene oxide for 16-24 hours. B3 Tableware can be disinfected by boiling, and grains and foods can be disinfected by frying, boiling, and exposure. B4 Patients' excrement and secretions can be soaked in a 5% Lysol aqueous solution or disinfected with bleach (200-400g/kg) for 24 hours before being buried. Garbage can be buried after incineration.
B5 Vehicles transporting patients can be sprayed with a 5% Lysol aqueous solution for disinfection. B6 Before entering the isolation room, the patient should wipe the whole body with 0.1% Sanisol and put on special clothing. Disinfect the clothes according to B2. When the isolation is lifted, the patient can be discharged from the hospital after changing into disinfected clothes. B7 For the disinfection of plague bodies, use cotton soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution to plug the holes in the body (mouth, nose, ears, anus, vagina, etc.). Wrap the body with a sheet soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution and transport it to the crematorium or cemetery by car. After the body is burned to ashes, it is buried in the soil. When burying, it must be kept away from water sources and buried more than 2m deep. Quicklime should be drawn around the body and buried immediately. B8 The escorting and burying personnel must wear masks and protective clothing. After the funeral, disinfection should be carried out according to the provisions of B2. B9 Medical staff entering and leaving the isolation room must dress according to regulations and take personal protection measures. When leaving the isolation room, they must spray disinfectant with 5% Lysol or 5% carbolic acid aqueous solution, take off protective clothing (glasses, clothes, masks, gloves, rubber boots, etc.) in turn, put them into designated containers, and disinfect them according to B2. B10 Before lifting the isolation, clothing, utensils, and dirt must be disinfected according to B2. After the room is sealed, it must be disinfected with formaldehyde or ethylene oxide according to the dosage and duration required by B2.
Appendix C
Standards for Deratification and Egg Destroying
(Supplement)
Deratification and flea elimination, eliminating the source of plague infection and cutting off the transmission route, are key measures to prevent the recurrence of plague cases and are one of the main items for the treatment of epidemic areas.
C1 Deratification Standards
GB15978—1995
C1.1 Deratification in human plague epidemic areas must be carried out on the basis of or at the same time as deratification. C1.2 In both large and small isolation circles, both domestic and wild rats must meet the standard of no rats and no holes. C1.3 When it has been confirmed that the infection of plague patients originated from the local animal plague epidemic area, the deratting should be expanded to the residential areas and adjacent areas outside the isolation circle that belong to the animal plague epidemic area. Fumigants are used to kill rats and fleas in the wild epidemic area. The density of domestic rats is reduced to below 0.5%, and the density of the main plague hosts in the production and living areas and their vicinity is reduced to below 1% (domestic rats), 1/10 male rats (yellow rats), 3/10 male rats (gerbils), and 0.5/10 male rats (marmots).
C1.4 In remote areas with a large deratting area and sparse population, when there is no condition for applying fumigants and poison bait is used instead, fleas must be killed at the same time as deratting (or drugs are applied in the holes and holes are blocked), and those who apply drugs should take personal protection. C1.5 In large and small isolation circles, it is strictly forbidden for the public to catch rats with instruments. C2 Egg-killing Standard
C2.1 The living quarters of plague patients and their direct contacts or isolation treatment rooms, as well as other items such as clothing and quilts, must be thoroughly de-fleaed. C2.2 Use chemical flea killers to kill fleas in the environment of houses in large and small isolation circles, kill fleas in rat holes indoors and outdoors, and kill fleas in livestock (pigs, dogs) and poultry (chickens, geese) pens. Make sure that no fleas are detected indoors using the sticky flea paper method (5 sheets per room) and the soil accumulation method (5m2 per room). C2.3 When the periphery of the isolation circle is an animal plague epidemic area, fumigation drugs that kill both rats and fleas must be used to treat rat holes. When using poison bait to kill rats, the holes must be blocked in time to prevent fleas from escaping from the holes.
C2.4 Cats and dogs in the epidemic area must be strictly managed and tethered to kill fleas. Those who are not tethered will be killed. Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the National Plague and Brucellosis Control Base, and was drafted in collaboration with the Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Epidemiology Control Institute, and the Yunnan Provincial Epidemiology Control Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Song Yanfu, Bai Qingkui, Zhu Jinqin, Shi Shuwen, Liu Jiyou, and Huang Jianhua. The Ministry of Health’s technical coordination unit, the Ministry of Health’s Office of Supervision and Administration of Communicable Disease Control, is responsible for interpreting this standard. 2.183 Legal liability
The legal liability shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter VI of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China. Appendix B
Disinfection standards
(Supplement)
The purpose of disinfection is to kill or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms on the vector and render them harmless. Disinfection is also an important measure to prevent the spread of plague and is one of the main items for the treatment of epidemic areas. B1 Spray and disinfect the room of plague patients with 5% Lysol or carbolic acid aqueous solution. The required disinfectant is 300mL/m2 and disinfect once a day. The room of pneumonic plague is disinfected twice a day.
B2 Cotton products such as cotton clothes and bedding are sterilized with steam or 0.105MPa20min high pressure sterilization. Single clothes and jackets can be soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution for 24 hours, washed and dried.
Clothing, furs, and books that cannot be disinfected by immersion or steam can be fumigated with formaldehyde at a dosage of 50mL/m2 and sealed for 24 hours, or fumigated with ethylene oxide at a dosage of 1.5-2.0mL/L. The method is to put the items to be disinfected into a plastic bag, pour in ethylene oxide, seal the bag with an aluminum clip, and disinfect them by natural vaporization at room temperature greater than 15°C for 16-24 hours. Watches, radios and other valuables can be wiped with 75% alcohol, or steamed with ethylene oxide for 16-24 hours. B3 Tableware can be disinfected by boiling, and grains and foods can be disinfected by frying, boiling, and exposure. B4 Patients' excrement and secretions can be soaked in a 5% Lysol aqueous solution or disinfected with bleach (200-400g/kg) for 24 hours before being buried. Garbage can be buried after incineration.
B5 Vehicles transporting patients can be sprayed with a 5% Lysol aqueous solution for disinfection. B6 Before entering the isolation room, the patient should wipe the whole body with 0.1% Sanisol and put on special clothing. Disinfect the clothes according to B2. When the isolation is lifted, the patient can be discharged from the hospital after changing into disinfected clothes. B7 For the disinfection of plague bodies, use cotton soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution to plug the holes in the body (mouth, nose, ears, anus, vagina, etc.). Wrap the body with a sheet soaked in 5% Lysol aqueous solution and transport it to the crematorium or cemetery by car. After the body is burned to ashes, it is buried in the soil. When burying, it must be kept away from water sources and buried more than 2m deep. Quicklime should be drawn around the body and buried immediately. B8 The escorting and burying personnel must wear masks and protective clothing. After the funeral, disinfection should be carried out according to the provisions of B2. B9 Medical staff entering and leaving the isolation room must dress according to regulations and take personal protection measures. When leaving the isolation room, they must spray disinfectant with 5% Lysol or 5% carbolic acid aqueous solution, take off protective clothing (glasses, clothes, masks, gloves, rubber boots, etc.) in turn, put them into designated containers, and disinfect them according to B2. B10 Before lifting the isolation, clothing, utensils, and dirt must be disinfected according to B2. After the room is sealed, it must be disinfected with formaldehyde or ethylene oxide according to the dosage and duration required by B2.
Appendix C
Standards for Deratification and Egg Destroying
(Supplement)
Deratification and flea elimination, eliminating the source of plague infection and cutting off the transmission route, are key measures to prevent the recurrence of plague cases and are one of the main items for the treatment of epidemic areas.
C1 Deratification Standards
GB15978—1995
C1.1 Deratification in human plague epidemic areas must be carried out on the basis of or at the same time as deratification. C1.2 In both large and small isolation circles, both domestic and wild rats must meet the standard of no rats and no holes. C1.3 When it has been confirmed that the infection of plague patients originated from the local animal plague epidemic area, the deratting should be expanded to the residential areas and adjacent areas outside the isolation circle that belong to the animal plague epidemic area. Fumigants are used to kill rats and fleas in the wild epidemic area. The density of domestic rats is reduced to below 0.5%, and the density of the main plague hosts in the production and living areas and their vicinity is reduced to below 1% (domestic rats), 1/10 male rats (yellow rats), 3/10 male rats (gerbils), and 0.5/10 male rats (marmots).
C1.4 In remote areas with a large deratting area and sparse population, when there is no condition for applying fumigants and poison bait is used instead, fleas must be killed at the same time as deratting (or drugs are applied in the holes and holes are blocked), and those who apply drugs should take personal protection. C1.5 In large and small isolation circles, it is strictly forbidden for the public to catch rats with instruments. C2 Egg-killing Standard
C2.1 The living quarters of plague patients and their direct contacts or isolation treatment rooms, as well as other items such as clothing and quilts, must be thoroughly de-fleaed. C2.2 Use chemical flea killers to kill fleas in the environment of houses in large and small isolation circles, kill fleas in rat holes indoors and outdoors, and kill fleas in livestock (pigs, dogs) and poultry (chickens, geese) pens. Make sure that no fleas are detected indoors using the sticky flea paper method (5 sheets per room) and the soil accumulation method (5m2 per room). C2.3 When the periphery of the isolation circle is an animal plague epidemic area, fumigation drugs that kill both rats and fleas must be used to treat rat holes. When using poison bait to kill rats, the holes must be blocked in time to prevent fleas from escaping from the holes.
C2.4 Cats and dogs in the epidemic area must be strictly managed and tethered to kill fleas. Those who are not tethered will be killed. Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the National Plague and Brucellosis Control Base, and was drafted in collaboration with the Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Epidemiology Control Institute, and the Yunnan Provincial Epidemiology Control Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Song Yanfu, Bai Qingkui, Zhu Jinqin, Shi Shuwen, Liu Jiyou, and Huang Jianhua. The Ministry of Health’s technical coordination unit, the Ministry of Health’s Office of Supervision and Administration of Communicable Disease Control, is responsible for interpreting this standard. 2.185 In the large and small isolation circles, it is strictly forbidden for the public to use instruments to catch rats. C2 Egg elimination standards
C2.1 The living rooms of plague patients and their direct contacts or isolation treatment rooms, as well as other items such as clothing and quilts, must be thoroughly de-fleaed. C2.2 Use chemical flea killers to eliminate fleas in the environment of houses in large and small isolation circles, eliminate fleas in indoor and outdoor rat holes, and eliminate fleas in livestock (pigs, dogs) and poultry (chickens, geese) pens. Make sure that no fleas are detected indoors using the sticky flea paper method (5 sheets per room) and the soil accumulation method (5m2 per room). C2.3 When the periphery of the isolation circle is an animal plague epidemic area, fumigation drugs that can kill both rats and fleas should be used to treat rat holes. When using poison bait to eliminate rats, the holes must be blocked in time to prevent fleas from escaping from the holes.
C2.4 Cats and dogs in the epidemic area must be strictly managed and tethered to eliminate fleas. Those who are not tethered will be killed. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the National Plague and Brucellosis Control Base, and was drafted in collaboration with the Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Epidemiology Control Institute, and the Yunnan Provincial Epidemiology Control Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Song Yanfu, Bai Qingkui, Zhu Jinqin, Shi Shuwen, Liu Jiyou, and Huang Jianhua. The Ministry of Health’s technical coordination unit, the Ministry of Health’s Office of Supervision and Administration of Communicable Disease Control, is responsible for interpreting this standard. 2.185 In the large and small isolation circles, it is strictly forbidden for the public to use instruments to catch rats. C2 Egg elimination standards
C2.1 The living rooms of plague patients and their direct contacts or isolation treatment rooms, as well as other items such as clothing and quilts, must be thoroughly de-fleaed. C2.2 Use chemical flea killers to eliminate fleas in the environment of houses in large and small isolation circles, eliminate fleas in indoor and outdoor rat holes, and eliminate fleas in livestock (pigs, dogs) and poultry (chickens, geese) pens. Make sure that no fleas are detected indoors using the sticky flea paper method (5 sheets per room) and the soil accumulation method (5m2 per room). C2.3 When the periphery of the isolation circle is an animal plague epidemic area, fumigation drugs that can kill both rats and fleas should be used to treat rat holes. When using poison bait to eliminate rats, the holes must be blocked in time to prevent fleas from escaping from the holes.
C2.4 Cats and dogs in the epidemic area must be strictly managed and tethered to eliminate fleas. Those who are not tethered will be killed. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the National Plague and Brucellosis Control Base, and was drafted in collaboration with the Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Epidemiology Control Institute, and the Yunnan Provincial Epidemiology Control Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Song Yanfu, Bai Qingkui, Zhu Jinqin, Shi Shuwen, Liu Jiyou, and Huang Jianhua. The Ministry of Health’s technical coordination unit, the Ministry of Health’s Office of Supervision and Administration of Communicable Disease Control, is responsible for interpreting this standard. 2.18
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