GB 16912-1997 Safety technical regulations for oxygen and related gases
Some standard content:
GB16912—1997
In order to ensure the safety of production, storage, distribution and use of oxygen and related gases, this standard specifies the safety technical requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and management of oxygen plants (stations, workshops). This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China. The responsible drafting unit of this standard: Safety and Environmental Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry. The participating drafting units of this standard: Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation Energy General Plant, Wuhan Iron and Steel Energy General Plant Oxygen Plant, Wuhan Iron and Steel Design and Research Institute, Tianjin Steel Plant Oxygen Plant, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Oxygen Plant, Xinyu Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai Meishan (Group) Co., Ltd. Steel Plant, Anshan Iron and Steel Oxygen Plant. The main drafters of this standard: Xia Weifa, Ma Dafang, Jin Ruian, Cai Lingfang, Guo Yuling, Zhao Yaquan, Wang Xu, Wu Yongming, Zhuang Shengqiang, Wang Taiyou, Huang Xiaowu.
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety technical regulation for oxygen and relative gases
Safety technical regulation for oxygen and relative gasesGB 16912-1997
This regulation specifies the safety requirements that must be followed in the production, storage, distribution and use of oxygen and relative gases. This regulation is mainly applicable to enterprises that produce oxygen and relative gases by deep freezing method. 2 Cited standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. Relevant standards not cited in this standard should also be regarded as valid. GB3096—93 Urban area environmental noise standard GB4053.1—93 Fixed steel straight ladder
GB4053.2—93 Fixed steel inclined ladder
GB 4053. 3—93
GB 4053. 4--83
GB 4962—85
GB 7144—86
GB 7231—87
GB 8336—87
GB 8958---88
GB 9251—88
GB 10877—89
Fixed industrial guardrails
Fixed industrial steel platforms
Safety technical regulations for the use of hydrogen
Color marking of gas cylinders
Basic identification colors and identification symbols for industrial pipelinesSpecial thread gauge for gas cylinders
Safety regulations for oxygen-deficient hazardous operations
Hydrostatic test method for gas cylinders
Oxygen cylinder valves
GB 12135—89
GB 12137—89
GB 12348—90
GB 13004—91
GB 14194-93
GB 50030—91
GB 50034—92
GB 50057—94
GB 50058--92
GB 50177--93
GBJ 11—89
GBI 16—87
Technical conditions for periodic inspection stations for gas cylinders
Test methods for gas tightness of gas cylinders
Noise standards for factory boundaries of industrial enterprises
Periodic inspection and evaluation of seamless steel gas cylinders
Regulations for filling permanent gas cylinders
Design specifications for oxygen stations
Design standards for lighting in industrial enterprises
Design specifications for lightning protection of buildings
Design specifications for power installations in explosive and fire hazardous environmentsDesign specifications for hydrogen and oxygen stations
Design specifications for earthquake-resistant buildings
Code for fire protection in building design
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 7, 1997670
Implementation on February 1, 1998
GB16912-1997
7Design specifications for heating, ventilation and air conditioning in industrial enterprises GBJ 19---87
3 Industrial and civil power supply system design specification
GBJ 52--83
GBJ61--83 Industrial and civil 35 kV and below overhead power line design specificationGBJ122--88 Industrial enterprise noise measurement specificationGBJ 140--90
Building fire extinguishing equipment configuration design specification
2 Industrial pipeline engineering construction and acceptance specification
GBJ 235--82
GBJ236-82 Field equipment, industrial pipeline welding engineering construction and acceptance specification3 Definition
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Oxygen plant Air seperation plant is a general term for buildings and structures that are at least oxygen production station, oxygen filling station or oxygen compression station and other related buildings and structures within the designated area according to different situations.
3.2 Oxygen station Air separation station is mainly used to arrange the process equipment for preparing oxygen and other air separation products, including the buildings of the main and auxiliary production rooms. 3.3 Oxygen pouring station Oxygen pouring station is mainly used to arrange the process equipment for filling, storing and transporting or only compressing and transporting oxygen and other air separation products, including the buildings of the main and auxiliary production rooms.
nitrogen compressor station3.4 Nitrogen compressor station
is mainly used to arrange the process equipment for compressing and transporting nitrogen, including the buildings of the main and auxiliary production rooms. 3.5 Gasification station Gasification station is mainly used to arrange the cryogenic liquid system facilities for transporting oxygen, nitrogen, nitrogen and other gases to users, including the buildings of the main and auxiliary production rooms.
3.6 Rare gas room
is mainly used to arrange the process equipment for purifying and refining rare gases, including the buildings of the main and auxiliary production rooms. 3.7 Hydrogen station hydrogenstation
Buildings in oxygen plants (stations, workshops) that are used to produce hydrogen for argon production, mainly for the arrangement of water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, including buildings related to main and auxiliary production rooms.
3.8 Converge-row room Buildings that are mainly used to arrange buses or gas containers or containers for transporting oxygen, nitrogen, argon and other gases to users, and in which an appropriate number of gas cylinders can also be stored.
3.9 Principal productionshop Oxygen production room, gas bag room, storage tank room (area), cryogenic liquid storage tank room (area), purification room, compressor room, oxygen filling station, bus room, gasifier room, valve operation room, air separation unit, main control room, rare gas room, hydrogen station, nitrogen pressure station, storage area, etc. 3.10 Auxiliary production shop Auxiliary production shop Maintenance room, processing room, laboratory, transformer room, gas cylinder inspection room, pump room, water treatment facilities, warehouse, garage, etc. 3.11 Air separation unit A general term for a cold box including distillation tower, heat exchanger, adsorber, circulating liquid oxygen pump, etc., including various valves, instruments, etc. 3.12 Self-cleaning
The carbon dioxide and moisture in the air are frozen on the surface of the switching heat exchanger (cold storage device) channel, and the frozen carbon dioxide and moisture are back-flushed out of the equipment by the reflux gas in the next cycle. It includes two stages: freezing and cleaning. 3.13 Air purification equipment Air purifying equipment Various filters, adsorbers, washing towers, 671
reversible heat exchangers and other devices that remove mechanical impurities, moisture, carbon dioxide, acetylene, machine oil and other hydrocarbons from the air.
GB16912—1997
3.14 Valve group for oxygen pressure regulating According to the process requirements, adjust and reduce the oxygen pressure, including pneumatic or electric regulating valves, and their front, rear, bypass stop valves and valve combinations of the instrumentation and control system.
3.15 Oxygen (nitrogen, argon, etc.) filling bench Filling oxygen (fluorine, argon, etc.) gas, including a complete set of facilities such as filling joints (clamps), clamp hoists, gas-water separators, filling pipes, valves, gas cylinder anti-fall chains, pressure gauges, safety valves, etc. 3.16 Nitrogen fire extinguishing system for oxygen compressor A system for turbine oxygen compressors, including fusible probes, various levels of suction and exhaust temperature monitoring, pressure reducing valves, pressure monitoring, pressure nitrogen pipelines, quick opening valves, etc., which automatically fill nitrogen into the turbine oxygen compressor to extinguish fires in the event of an accident. 3. 17 Collecting and distributing control system A system that is realized by microcomputers, with centralized management and display, and can be controlled in a centralized and decentralized (on-site) manner. 3.18 Relevant gases relative gases || tt || Nitrogen, rare gases and hydrogen, etc., associated with oxygen production. 3.19 Application of oxygen The use of oxygen in cylinders, pipeline oxygen and liquid oxygen gasification as gas sources. 3.20 Cryogenic liquid cryogenic liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid fluorine, liquid air, etc. 3.21 Imitative start Before starting the main engine, disconnect the power supply, simulate the start according to the normal start procedure, and check the start conditions and protection devices. 4 Basic requirements
4.1 General principles
4.1.1 This regulation is formulated to implement the safety production policy, prevent accidents in oxygen production, storage, transportation and use, improve working conditions, protect national property and people's life and health, and promote the development of the oxygen industry. 4.1.2 Oxygen equipment professional manufacturers must hold the corresponding manufacturing license, and shall be responsible for the quality and safety of their oxygen equipment and parts, and must issue safety and quality assurance and product certificates. And issue complete technical documents such as installation, operation and maintenance. 4.1.3 The engineering design unit of oxygen equipment must perform the design qualification approval procedures, and obtain the design certificate after approval by the superior competent department in accordance with relevant regulations.
4.1.4 The construction, installation and maintenance units must perform the construction and maintenance qualification approval procedures for oxygen equipment and facilities, and obtain the corresponding certificates after approval by the superior competent department. After the construction, installation and maintenance are completed, safety and quality inspections and acceptance handovers should be carried out. The construction unit shall construct according to the drawings. If there are any changes, they shall be agreed upon by the design, construction and installation, and production units. Important changes must be reported to the superior for approval. 4.1.5 When constructing, expanding, or renovating an oxygen plant (station, workshop), the safety "three simultaneous" regulations of "safety technical measures and devices shall be designed at the same time as the main project, constructed and installed at the same time, and put into operation at the same time" must be observed. 4.1.6 All regulations of this regulation shall be strictly enforced. For existing enterprises whose equipment and facilities do not comply with the provisions of this regulation, rectification shall be required within a time limit. Effective measures shall be taken to ensure safety before rectification meets the standards. 4.2 General layout
4.2.1 The site shall be selected in an environmentally clean area and arranged on the leeward side of the minimum frequency wind direction throughout the year for the emission source of harmful gases and solid dust. The possible impact on the safety of the plant when the surrounding enterprises expand shall be considered. It is better to stay away from residential areas and railways. 4.2.2 The distance between the air intake of the air separation unit and the source of harmful gases such as acetylene and hydrocarbons should be considered comprehensively according to the environmental quality and the self-cleaning capacity of the air separation unit. The distance should comply with the requirements of Table 1. When the requirements of Table 1 cannot be met, the requirements of Table 2 should be met. 4.2.3 The dust content in the air at the air intake of the air separation unit should not exceed 30 mg/m. 672
GB 16912—1997
Table 1 Minimum horizontal distance between the air intake of air separation equipment and acetylene stations (plants), carbide slag piles, etc. Acetylene stations (plants) and carbide slag piles and other impurity emission sources Acetylene generators
Water-into-carbide type
Carbide-into-water type
Acetylene stations (plants) Installation capacity
>10～30
>30～<90
Carbide, coking, oil refining, liquid Petroleum gas production Synthetic ammonia, nitric acid, sulfide production
Ironmaking, steelmaking (open hearth, electric furnace, converter), steel rolling, steel casting production Large-scale metal cutting, welding places (such as metal structure workshops) Minimum horizontal spacing
Air separation unit with liquid
Air adsorption purification device
Note: The horizontal spacing should be calculated based on the shortest distance between the air intake and the outer wall or edge of the adjacent surface of the acetylene station (plant), carbide slag pile, etc. Table 2 Permissible limit content of hydrocarbons and other impurities in the air at the air intake Allowable limit carbon content
Name of hydrocarbons and other impurities
Alkyne-containing organisms
Cs, C. Total saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon impurities Cs, C. Total saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon impurities C. Total saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon impurities and propane Carbon disulfide (CS2)
Nitrogen oxides (NO,)
Oxygen (0,)
Liquid in the air separation unit
Air adsorption purification device
Molecular
Sieve adsorption purification device before the air separation unit
Sieve adsorption purification device before the air separation unit
4.3 Facility category and fire protection distance
The production category, fire resistance level and fire protection distance between each workshop building and structure and other industrial and civil facilities shall comply with the relevant provisions of GBJ16.
4.3.1 The production category and minimum fire resistance level of the production workshop building and structure shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. 4.3.2 The fire protection distance between each building, structure and facility and a specific location shall not be less than that specified in Table 4. 673
Main production workshops and facilities
Auxiliary production workshops
GB 16912--1997
Table 3 Production category and minimum fire resistance grade of each workshop facility
Oxygen production station
Liquid oxygen system facilities
Valve room of oxygen pressure regulating valve group
Oxygen filling room (oxygen filling station)
Nitrogen compressor room, filling room
Liquid nitrogen system facilities
Hydrogen compressor room, filling room, liquid argon system facilities Argon purification room
Buildings and structures for production and storage of hydrogen
Water pump room, cooling tower and water treatment facilities
Specialized substation for oxygen plant
Oil-filled transformer room
Production category
Liquid oxygen system facilities include: liquid oxygen storage tank, liquid oxygen pump, vaporizer and valve room, etc. The requirements for liquid nitrogen and liquid argon facilities are the same as above, with the lowest fire resistance level
Level 3, 4
Level 3, 4
Level 3, 4
Level 2, 3
2 Buildings used for oxygen production, hydrogen production, oxygen compression, hydrogen compression, oxygen bottles, hydrogen bottles, etc. should not have suspended ceilings. When the buildings of oxygen production, oxygen compression, bottle filling rooms, computer rooms, and main control rooms use suspended ceiling structures, the fire resistance level should not be lower than Level 2. Table 4 Minimum fire protection distances between buildings, structures and facilities in oxygen plants and specific locations Distance Building and structure category
Name of specific location
General locomotive railway outside the enterprise (center line)
Electric locomotive railway outside the enterprise (center line)General locomotive railway inside the enterprise (center line)Electric locomotive railway inside the enterprise (center line)Road outside the enterprise (roadside)
Main road inside the enterprise (roadside)
Secondary road inside the enterprise (roadside)
Frame Empty power lines
Outdoor substation
Places with open flames or sparks
Civil buildings
Important public buildings
Other structures
First and second levels
Class A in the factory
Production workshop
Oxygen facilities
Buildings and structures
Fire resistance level
Oxygen (or liquid oxygen) storage tanks
Total volume, m
First) Second Three Fourth ≤1 000|1 001 ~ 50 000>50000
≥1.5 times the height of the pole! 1.5 times pole height\25
≥1.5 times pole height
Wet hydrogen storage tank
Total volume, m2
≥1.5 times pole height
Building and structure category
Name of specific location
Capacity of single tank of liquefied petroleum gas
Gas storage tank
31～100
101～400
401~1.000
GB 16912-1997
Table 4 (end)
Oxygen facilities
Guangdong Class A
Production workshop
Buildings and structures
Fire resistance level
Oxygen (or liquid oxygen) storage
Total volume, m2
IV≤10001001～50000≥50000
The fire separation distance shall be calculated according to the closest distance between the outer walls, outer walls and outer edges of adjacent buildings or structures. 20
Wet hydrogen storage tank
Total volume, m2
When the outer wall of the adjacent higher side of two production buildings is a protective wall, the fire separation distance is not limited. If the two exterior walls are non-combustible and have no doors, doors, holes or exposed eaves, the fire protection distance can be reduced by 25% according to Table 4. Railway loading and unloading lines dedicated to oxygen plants (stations, workshops) are not subject to restrictions in this table. The total volume of fixed-volume storage tanks is calculated by the product of their water volume (m3) and working pressure (absolute pressure, Pa) and 1.02X10-5. 5
Liquid oxygen storage tanks are calculated based on 1 m3 of liquid oxygen equivalent to 800 m3 of standard state gas oxygen, and the provisions of the corresponding storage capacity of oxygen storage tanks in this table shall be implemented. The distance between oxygen storage tanks, inert gas storage catalysts, and process equipment arranged outdoors and their oxygen production plants shall be determined according to the requirements of the process layout. Outdoor substations refer to outdoor substations with a power system voltage of 35 to 500 kV and a transformer capacity of more than 10,000 kVA, such as outdoor total step-down substations in industrial enterprises with a transformer total oil exceeding 5 tons. The fire separation distance between oxygen storage tanks with a volume not exceeding 50 m and the factory buildings used is not limited. The fire separation distance between liquid oxygen storage tanks with a volume not exceeding 3 m and the buildings used can be reduced to 10 m2. There should be no flammable objects and asphalt pavement within 5 m around the liquid oxygen storage tank. 10
The air separation unit or inert gas storage arranged outdoors in oxygen plants (stations, workshops) shall determine the minimum fire separation distance between it and other buildings in accordance with the Class B production buildings (air separation units) or Class E production buildings (inert gas storage tanks) with the first or second level of fire resistance. The minimum fire separation distance between Class B production buildings with the second or third level of fire resistance and other Class A production buildings shall be 12 oxygen plants (stations, workshops), etc.---
The distance between other types of production buildings specified in this table shall be increased by 2 m. 13 The minimum fire separation distance between wet oxygen storage tanks and flammable liquid storage and flammable material storage yards shall comply with the distance specified in this table for civil buildings, open flames or spark-emitting locations.
14 The fire separation distance between dry hydrogen storage tanks and buildings and storage yards shall be increased by 25% according to Table 4. 1) Refers to the main production workshops and facilities in the oxygen plant. 4.3.3 The fire separation distances of the relevant facilities in the following locations are as follows: The fire separation distance between oxygen (including liquid oxygen) storage tanks shall not be less than the radius of the larger of the two adjacent tanks. It is advisable to separate from hydrogen storage. If it must be adjacent, the fire separation distance shall not be less than the larger diameter of the two adjacent tanks. The fire separation distance between wet hydrogen storage tanks shall not be less than the radius of the larger tank of the two adjacent tanks; the fire separation distance between horizontal hydrogen storage tanks shall not be less than 2/3 of the diameter of the larger tank of the two adjacent tanks; the fire separation distance between spherical hydrogen storage tanks shall not be less than the diameter of the larger tank of the two adjacent tanks; the fire separation distance between horizontal, spherical hydrogen storage and wet hydrogen storage tanks shall be determined according to the larger value of the above provisions. For oxygen pressure regulating valve groups with oxygen pipeline diameters greater than and equal to 150mm, an independent valve room shall be set up (oxygen plants and stations shall be set up outside the main plant building), and the fire separation distance can be determined according to process requirements. The valve stem of the manual valve shall extend out of the protective wall for operation. For oxygen pressure regulating valve groups with oxygen pipeline diameters less than 150mm, an independent valve room should be set up, and the requirements are the same as above. If a separate valve room is not set up, a safety copper pipe section shall be set up before and after the throttle valve, the length of which is five times the pipeline diameter and not less than 1.5m, and a copper-based or stainless steel valve shall be installed.
GB16912-1997
The fire protection distance between oxygen buffer, oxygen storage bag and oxygen production plant should be determined according to process piping and convenient operation. 4.4 General protective facilities
4.4.1 There should be a wall or fence around the plant area. 4.4.2 Safety signs should be set up around various pressurized gas and cryogenic liquid storage tanks, and separate fences or walls should be set up when necessary. The tank body should have a color code.
4.4.3 The hydrogen production room and hydrogen storage tank in the factory should be separated by a non-combustible solid wall with a height of not less than 2m and a safety warning sign.
4.4.4 There should be sufficient lighting fixtures on the roads in the factory area, open-air workplaces and patrol routes for inspecting operating equipment, and they should comply with the relevant provisions of GB50034.
4.4.5 Valve of high-altitude pipelines in the factory area shall be equipped with operating platforms, fences and ladders, and their specifications shall comply with the provisions of GB4053.1, GB4053.2, GB4053.3 and GB4053.4.
4.5 Fire-fighting facilities
4.5.1 Fire truck passages and fire-fighting water supply facilities shall be set up in the factory in accordance with the relevant provisions of GBJ16. Fire-fighting water supply facilities in cold areas shall have anti-freezing measures.
According to the requirements of GBJ140, appropriate types and quantities of corresponding fire-fighting equipment shall also be equipped. 4.5.2 The configuration of lubricating oil depots shall comply with the relevant provisions of GBJ16. 4.5.3 Turbine oxygen compressors should be equipped with nitrogen fire-fighting systems. 4.5.4 Smoke and temperature detection alarm devices should be installed in computer rooms and main control rooms. 4.6 Fire prevention and explosion prevention
4.6.1 Oxygen production station, oxygen filling station or oxygen compression station, liquid oxygen gasification station should be arranged as independent buildings, but can be built adjacent to other workshops with fire resistance rating not lower than their own, except for production workshops with fire hazard of "A" and "B", and other workshops with open fire such as casting workshop, forging workshop, heat treatment workshop, etc., and the adjacent walls should be protective walls without doors, windows and holes. 4.6.2 Oxygen bus room with oxygen supply not exceeding 60m/h can be set up in the user's factory building with fire resistance rating not lower than level 3, close to the outer wall, and should be separated from other parts of the factory building by a wall with a height of 2.5m and a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.5h and a Class C fire door. 4.6.3 The oxygen bus room with an oxygen delivery volume exceeding 60m/h should be arranged as an independent building. When it is built adjacent to other user buildings, the fire resistance level of the adjacent building should not be lower than Level 2, and it should be separated from the building by a wall without doors, windows or holes with a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.5h.
4.6.4 The oxygen bus room can be built adjacent to the gaseous acetylene station or acetylene bus room in the same building with a fire resistance level of not less than Level 2, but they should be separated from each other by a protective wall without doors, windows or holes. 4.6.5 The filling platform of the oxygen filling station should be equipped with a reinforced concrete protective wall with a height of not less than 2m and a thickness of not less than 200mm. 4.6.6 Strictly prevent the misloading (especially the mixed loading of hydrogen and oxygen) and overloading of oxygen cylinders. 4.6.7 When the storage capacity of oxygen cylinders is less than or equal to 1700, the oxygen production station or liquid oxygen gasification station and oxygen filling station can be located in the same building, but non-combustible partition walls with a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.5h and Class C fire doors should be used, and they should be connected through walkways. When medium-pressure and high-pressure oxygen storage tanks are installed in the building, the total gas storage capacity of the tanks and cylinders should not exceed 10200m3. 4.6.8 When the storage capacity of oxygen cylinders exceeds 1700, the oxygen production station or liquid oxygen gasification station and oxygen station should be located in two independent buildings respectively.
In the oxygen filling station, the storage capacity of oxygen cylinders should not exceed 3400. When medium-pressure and high-pressure oxygen storage tanks are installed in the building, the total gas storage capacity of the tanks and cylinders should not exceed 20400m3. 4.6.9 Storage tanks and cryogenic liquid storage tanks should be arranged outdoors. When the storage or cryogenic liquid storage tank needs to be arranged indoors, it should be set up in a well-ventilated separate room, and the total storage capacity of liquid oxygen should not exceed 10m2. 4.6.10 The gas storage bag should be arranged in a separate room. When the total capacity of the gas storage bag is less than or equal to 100m2, it can be arranged in the oxygen production station. The horizontal distance between the gas storage bag and the equipment should not be less than 3m, and there should be safety and fire protection measures. The gas storage bag should not be arranged directly on the top of the oxygen compressor. When it is necessary to arrange it on the top of the oxygen compressor, there must be fire protection measures. The gas storage bag should be protected from sunlight.
GB 16912--1997Www.bzxZ.net
4.6.11 The catalytic reactor using hydrogen for product purification should be set up in a separate room near the outer wall of the station, and have good ventilation measures.
4.6.12 Hydrogen cylinders should be stored in a separate room near the outer wall of the station building, and should not be directly connected to other rooms. Ventilation holes should be set on the top of the room. The storage capacity of hydrogen cylinders should not exceed 60. 4.6.13 Oxygen compressor room, purification room, hydrogen cylinder room, storage tank room, cryogenic liquid storage tank room, and bus room should all be equipped with safety exits. 4.6.14 Oxygen filling station, bus room, empty bottle room and full bottle room should all have measures to prevent bottles from falling. 4.6.15 The maximum storage capacity of independent oxygen full cylinders or oxygen empty cylinders and full cylinder warehouses is 13,600 per warehouse and 3,400 per protective wall for the first and second fire resistance levels; 4,500 per warehouse and 1,500 per protective wall for the third fire resistance level. 4.6.16 The main production room and oxygen bus room of the liquid oxygen gasification station should be single-story buildings. 4.6.17 When the oxygen production station or liquid oxygen gasification station and oxygen filling station are arranged in the same building, non-combustible walls with a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.5h and Class C fire doors should be used, and they should be connected through walkways. 4.6.18 Oxygen storage chambers, oxygen compressor rooms, oxygen filling stations, oxygen full cylinder rooms, oxygen storage tank rooms, purification rooms, hydrogen cylinder rooms, liquid oxygen storage tank rooms, oxygen bus rooms and other rooms, as well as other adjacent rooms, should be separated by non-combustible walls with a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.5h.
4.6.19 The doors on the partition wall between the oxygen compressor room and the oxygen filling station, as well as the purification room, oxygen storage bag room, oxygen storage tank room, liquid oxygen storage tank room and other rooms shall be fire doors of not less than Class C. 4.6.20 The doors and windows of the enclosure structure of the main production room and bus room of the oxygen plant (station, workshop), hydrogen production station and gasification station shall open outward.
4.6.21 The following electrical equipment in places with explosion and fire hazards must comply with the provisions of GB50058. The hydrogen production room, hydrogen compressor room, hydrogen cylinder warehouse and catalytic reactor are part of the explosion hazard zone 1. The liquid oxygen storage and distribution area and the oxygen pressure regulating valve group room inside the turbine oxygen compressor protective wall are fire hazard zones in zone 21. The oxygen filling station and oxygen storage bag room belong to fire hazard zones in zone 22.
4.6.22 Cable joints and cables in cable trenches should be coated with fire retardant coatings. Cable trenches are not allowed to communicate with other trenches, and should be well ventilated. Fire warning systems should be installed.
4.6.23 Turbine oxygen compressors and multi-stage centrifugal liquid oxygen pumps used for distribution should be isolated from the surrounding by protective walls (covers). 4.6.24 Open flames are strictly prohibited for heating Class B production fire hazard buildings, liquid oxygen gasification stations and oxygen bus rooms in oxygen plants (stations, workshops).
4.6.25 The selection of instruments and meters should take into account safety, fire prevention and explosion prevention requirements. 4.6.26 Oxygen compressors, liquid oxygen pumps, equipment in cold boxes, oxygen and liquid oxygen storage, oxygen pipelines and valves, instruments in contact with oxygen, tools, protective equipment for personnel repairing oxygen equipment, etc., must not be contaminated by grease. 4.6.27 The flow rate, material, valves, accessories, erection, construction, acceptance, etc. of oxygen pipelines must be strictly implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 8 to avoid fire and explosion.
4.6.28 Explosion-proof measures should be taken for air separation units. Prevent acetylene and hydrocarbons from accumulating and condensing in liquid oxygen and liquid air, causing explosions. 4.6.29 When oxygen is released, fireworks are strictly prohibited near the release port. All oxygen release pipes should be led outdoors. 4.6.30 Fireworks are strictly prohibited at hydrogen stations and fire-free signs should be set up to prevent leakage and prevent hydrogen and oxygen from mixing and exploding. High-efficiency light sources such as explosion-proof fluorescent lamps should be used in hydrogen production sites. 4.6.31
4.6.32 The hydrogen cylinder warehouse should be illuminated by waist windows sealed with double-layer glass on the outer wall. 4.6.33 The design, manufacture, installation and use of pressure vessels must strictly follow the "Regulations on Safety Technical Supervision of Pressure Vessels" of the Ministry of Labor. 4.7 Lightning protection and anti-static electricity
4.7.1 All types of buildings and structures in the factory should comply with the provisions of GB50057. The maximum impact grounding resistance value for lightning protection and the maximum grounding resistance for anti-static protection are shown in Table 5.
4.7.2 The buildings and structures of hydrogen production, storage and distribution facilities belong to the second type of lightning protection buildings and structures. The buildings and structures of oxygen production, storage and distribution systems and the air suction pipes with a height of more than 1.5m belong to the third type of lightning protection buildings and structures. 4.7.3 All lightning protection and anti-static grounding devices should be tested for grounding resistance regularly, at least once a year. 4.7.4 The cross-over resistance between the flanges on oxygen (including liquid oxygen and liquid air) and hydrogen equipment and pipelines should be less than 0.03Q. Table 5 Maximum grounding resistance for lightning protection and anti-static of various facilities Facility name
Outdoor air separation unit, oxygen production room, oxygen compression room, oxygen station, oxygen storage tank
Hydrogen production room, hydrogen bottle warehouse, hydrogen filling room, argon purification room, hydrogen compression room Various equipment for accumulating liquid air and liquid oxygen inside and outside the air separation unit and oxygen compressor, oxygen filling platform pipeline
Outdoor overhead oxygen pipeline
Indoor hydrogen production, storage and distribution system
Overhead hydrogen pipeline
Outdoor hydrogen storage and distribution system
Maximum surge resistance of lightning protection grounding
Note: Lightning protection grounding of outdoor air separation unit and anti-static grounding of main equipment in cold box should be set separately. 4.8 Electrical safety
Maximum anti-static grounding resistance
4.8.1 Power lines and cables in the factory should be laid underground. When overhead is required, it should comply with the relevant provisions of 8.1.9 and 8.1.10. Overhead power lines of other enterprises are not allowed to pass over the oxygen plant area. 4.8.2 The power supply of the oxygen plant shall comply with the relevant provisions of GBJ52. 4.8.3 The slope of the bottom of the cable trench shall not be less than 0.5%, and a water collection well and drainage facilities shall be set at the lowest point. 2
4.8.4 The insulation of electrical lines and equipment must be good. Safety fences, obvious warning signs and good lighting shall be set at exposed live conductors.
4.8.5 The metal casing of electrical equipment and devices and cables with metal casings must be protectively grounded and zeroed. 4.8.6 The power supply voltage of portable lighting fixtures shall not exceed 36V, and the voltage of lamps in metal containers and humid places shall not exceed 12V. Lamps in places with explosion hazards must be explosion-proof. 4.8.7 In workplaces with combustion and explosion hazards, explosion-proof electrical equipment should be used in accordance with the requirements of 4.6.21. 4.8.8 Emergency lighting should be installed in the main production workshops, machine passages, control rooms and transformer room entrances of oxygen and hydrogen. 4.9 Antifreeze and anti-suffocation
4.9.1 The foundation of the air separation unit should take antifreeze measures according to the climate and geological conditions, groundwater level, surface water infiltration layer and other factors in different regions. Pearl sand concrete and other materials with fireproof and antifreeze properties should be used as the foundation, and combustible materials should not be used as a substitute. 4.9.2 Monitoring and temperature measurement points should be set up in the foundation of the air separation unit. 4.9.3 Equipment, containers and pipelines operating at deep cold and low temperatures should be made of low-temperature resistant materials such as steel, aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and an external cold insulation layer should be installed. 4.9.4 When designing and installing pipelines for cryogenic liquids, measures should be taken to avoid the accumulation of cryogenic liquids in the pipelines and before and after valves. 4.9.5 When the liquid air and liquid oxygen of the air separation unit are discharged into the pit, the lining of the pit must be made of low-temperature resistant metal materials with a certain strength. It is prohibited to use ordinary carbon steel plates as pit linings, and there must be no water or oil accumulation in the pit. 4.9.6 Operators must take reliable protective measures to avoid frostbite from cryogenic liquids such as liquid air, liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and liquid argon. 4.9.7 During production and maintenance operations, reliable measures must be taken to prevent suffocation accidents caused by nitrogen, rare gases, etc. 4.10 Earthquake and vibration prevention
4.10.1 Earthquake prevention When selecting the buildings, structures, and sites of oxygen plants (stations, workshops), the lightning protection should meet the following requirements: 1. The lightning protection of buildings and structures in the plant should comply with the relevant provisions of GBJ11. 1. In provincial capitals or cities with a population of more than one million in areas with a basic earthquake intensity of 6 degrees, newly built oxygen plants should be protected according to the basic lightning intensity of 7 degrees.
GB16912—1997
4.10.2 Anti-vibration The anti-vibration of various equipment and devices in oxygen plants (stations, workshops) shall meet the following requirements: The plant area shall be arranged in accordance with the relevant provisions of the general layout and shall be kept at a certain distance from the source of periodic mechanical vibration. The allowable amplitude values of various compressors must meet the requirements of relevant technical regulations. For a pair of units, auxiliary equipment and their pipelines that generate vibration, measures to prevent resonance shall be taken. Reinforcement measures shall be taken for the venting pipelines of large compressors. 4.11 Ventilation facilities
4.11.1 The ventilation of the workshop shall comply with the relevant provisions of GBJ19. 4.11.2 The ventilation and air exchange frequency of the hydrogen production room, hydrogen compression room and hydrogen bottle warehouse shall be determined according to the requirement that the indoor hydrogen content shall not exceed 0.8% (volume ratio).
When designing, the indoor ventilation frequency shall be calculated as not less than three times per hour and the emergency ventilation frequency shall be not less than seven times per hour. It is advisable to adopt air tower natural ventilation.
4.11.3 The ventilation frequency of the nitrogen compression room in the nitrogen compression station shall be determined according to the requirement that the oxygen content in the indoor air shall not be less than 18%. When designing, the indoor ventilation frequency shall be not less than three times per hour, and the emergency ventilation frequency shall be not less than seven times per hour. It is advisable to install an oxygen deficiency alarm device.
4.12 Paint color of pipelines and storage tanks
4.12.1 When designing, installing and maintaining gas and liquid pipelines, the coloring and marking of the outer wall of the pipeline shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB7231 and shall also comply with the provisions of Table 6.
Table 6 Color codes for various gas and liquid pipelines
Name of gas and liquid to be transported
Steam
Pipeline color
Dark blue
Sky blue
Light yellow
Silver gray
Name of gas and liquid to be transported
Oil (inlet)
Oil (outlet)
Heating and thawing gas
Pipeline color
4.12.2 The pipeline shall be painted with white or yellow arrows indicating the flow direction of the medium, and black shall be used for light-colored bases. 4.12.3 The color codes for the outer wall or insulation layer of various storage tanks are as follows: Color ring
The outermost layer of the outer wall of spherical and round simple storage tanks should be painted with silver powder paint. The equatorial zone of the spherical storage tank should be painted with a color band of 400 to 800 mm in width, and the central axis zone of the circular simple storage tank should be painted with a color band of 200 to 400 mm in width. The color code of the color band is the same as that specified in Table 6. 4.13 Safety Management
4.13.1 A sound safety production responsibility system and safety rules and regulations should be established at all levels, and personnel at all levels should be responsible for the safety of the areas under their jurisdiction. 4.13.2 Employees must be educated on safety production technology and labor discipline, and after passing the examination, they can hold a certificate to work. 4.13.3 A professional safety and technical inspection system for factory buildings, industrial structures, oxygen pipelines and valves, pressure vessels, and important electromechanical and instrumentation equipment should be established and improved.
4.13.4 It is strictly forbidden to bring fire into the factory area. A fire permit must be obtained before each fire operation. 4.13.5 The main electromechanical equipment should implement a sign-posted operation system, and important operations should be supervised by a dedicated person. Equipment maintenance must fill out a maintenance card, and there should be safety measures such as water, power and gas cuts. Oxygen pipeline and valve operations must fill out an operation ticket and implement an operation ticket system. Oxygen pipeline fire operations must formulate a plan and be approved by the competent department.
5 General requirements for production operations and equipment
5.1 Equipment must be installed, operated, inspected, maintained and tested in accordance with the provisions of the state and relevant process technical regulations. 679
GB16912—1997
5.2 All equipment, pipelines, valves, and instruments that come into contact with oxygen must be installed, operated, inspected, maintained and tested in accordance with the provisions of the state and relevant process technical regulations. It is strictly forbidden to contaminate the equipment and parts with grease. The oxygen pressure gauge must be equipped with an oil-free sign. 5.3 The tools, work clothes, gloves and other items used by personnel who operate, maintain and repair the oxygen production system must not be contaminated with grease. 5.4 The vessels for holding cryogenic liquids must be clean, and it is strictly forbidden to accumulate oil, water, organic matter and other impurities in the containers. 5.5 Protective equipment must be worn when preparing and transporting corrosive chemicals. 5.6 Grease and other items not related to production are not allowed to be piled up at the production site. 5.7 Before starting, check the safety protection devices, instruments and meters, and confirm the open and closed status of the valves. 5.8 The pressure gauges, safety valves, thermometers and other instruments and safety interlock protection devices in the system should be checked and calibrated regularly. 5.9 When working in nitrogen and argon areas, measures to prevent asphyxiation must be taken, and the working area must be kept away from The gas is allowed to work only after passing the test. 5.10 The installation, use, maintenance and inspection of pressure vessels shall comply with the requirements of the "Regulations on Safety Technical Supervision of Pressure Vessels" of the Ministry of Labor. Before starting the rotating equipment, a cranking inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the equipment operating procedures. It is strictly forbidden to start the equipment while cranking. 5.11
5.12 The rotating parts of the equipment shall be equipped with protective guards that meet the relevant national standards. It is strictly forbidden to cross the equipment in operation. The equipment in operation shall be inspected in accordance with the regulations, and any problems found shall be handled and reported in a timely manner. In an emergency, the equipment may be shut down for processing. 5.13
After the equipment is stopped in winter in cold areas, anti-freeze measures shall be taken. 5.14
5.15 It is strictly forbidden to operate compressors, storage (including cryogenic storage tanks) and other related equipment at overpressure. Equipment or If there is a leak in the system, it is strictly forbidden to tighten the bolts.
It is forbidden to discharge various gases except air into the room. 5.16
5.17It is strictly forbidden to stack flammable and explosive items around the air separation unit, liquid oxygen and the main control room, and it is not allowed to dump harmful pollutants such as calcium carbide slag at will.
5.18Before the oxygen storage tank is put into use, it must be subjected to strength test, air tightness test, rust removal, degreasing, purging, and non-flammable anti-rust paint on the inner wall.
5.19When releasing oxygen, the surrounding area should be notified that it is strictly forbidden to start a fire, and a special person should be assigned to supervise. 6Fluorine gas production and equipment
6.1Air compressor
6.1.1The suction chamber of large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with dry filters, and the dry filters should be cleaned or replaced regularly according to regulations. 6.1.2The air filter adhered to the Raschig ring oil of the small air compressor must be cleaned and the oil changed regularly. 6.1.3 When the resistance of the air filter exceeds the maximum allowable value, the purge device or automatic rolling curtain device should be checked and handled. 6.1.4 Large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with alarm interlock devices such as surge, vibration, shaft displacement, oil pressure, oil temperature, water pressure, water volume, bearing temperature and exhaust temperature according to the performance requirements of the equipment. The air drop test must be done before starting. 6.1.5 Large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with high-level oil tanks or pressure oil tanks, and should be equipped with self-starting and shutdown interlocking protection devices for auxiliary oil pumps when the oil pressure drops.
6.1.6 When abnormal sounds, odors, vibrations or failures are found during the operation of the air compressor, the air compressor should be stopped and checked immediately. 6.1.7 All protective devices and safety accessories checked before starting should be in good condition, otherwise it is strictly forbidden to start. 6.1.8 Large and medium-sized air compressors should not be started cold more than three times in a row, and hot starts should not be more than two times. The start interval time shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the equipment operating instructions.
6.1.9 The oil filling amount and oil quality of the piston air compressor cylinder must meet the requirements, and the cylinder temperature must be strictly controlled and must not exceed the specified value. The flash point of the cylinder lubricating oil must be more than 40°C higher than the normal exhaust temperature of the compressor air, and it should have good anti-oxidation stability. 6.1.10 Screw air compressors should avoid parking under load. High-efficiency silencers must be installed at all levels of gas outlets. 6.2 Oxygen compressor
6.2.1 The inlet of the oxygen compressor should be equipped with a filter made of copper wire or stainless steel wire. 6.2.2 When testing the oxygen compressor, nitrogen or oil-free air should be used for purging and test running. It is strictly forbidden to use oxygen for direct test running. 6.2.3 The shaft seal of the turbine oxygen compressor must be intact, and the pressure of the shaft seal gas must be guaranteed to be within the specified value. 6.2.4 For turbine oxygen compressors with a pressure above 0.6MPa, a protective wall or a separate fireproof room should be installed. 6806 Grease and other items not related to production are not allowed to be piled up at the production site. 5.7 Before starting, check the safety protection devices, instruments, and meters, and confirm the open and closed status of the valves. 5.8 The pressure gauges, safety valves, thermometers and other instruments and safety interlock protection devices in the calibration system should be checked regularly. 5.9 When working in the nitrogen and argon areas, measures to prevent asphyxiation must be taken, and the gas in the working area is allowed to work only after passing the test. 5.10 The installation, use, maintenance and inspection of pressure vessels shall comply with the requirements of the "Regulations on Safety Technical Supervision of Pressure Vessels" of the Ministry of Labor. Before starting the rotating equipment, the turning inspection shall be carried out according to the requirements of the equipment operating procedures. It is strictly forbidden to start while turning the equipment. 5.11
5.12 The rotating parts of the equipment shall be equipped with protective guards that meet the relevant national standards. It is strictly forbidden to cross the equipment in operation. The equipment in operation shall be inspected according to the regulations, and problems shall be handled and reported in time. In an emergency, the equipment can be shut down for processing. 5.13
After the equipment is shut down in winter in cold areas, antifreeze measures should be taken. 5.14
5.15 It is strictly forbidden to operate compressors, storage (including cryogenic storage tanks) and other related equipment at overpressure. If there is a leak in the equipment or system, it is strictly forbidden to tighten the bolts.
It is forbidden to discharge various gases except air into the room. 5.16
5.17 It is strictly forbidden to stack flammable and explosive items around the air separation unit, liquid oxygen and the main control room, and it is not allowed to dump harmful pollutants such as calcium carbide slag at will.
5.18 Before the oxygen storage tank is put into use, it must be subjected to strength test, air tightness test, rust removal, degreasing, purging, and non-flammable anti-rust paint on the inner wall.
5.19 When releasing oxygen, the surrounding area should be notified that it is strictly forbidden to start a fire, and a special person should be assigned to supervise. 6 Fluorine gas production and equipment
6.1 Air compressor
6.1.1 Dry filters should be installed in the suction chambers of large and medium-sized air compressors, and dry filters should be cleaned or replaced regularly as required. 6.1.2 Air filters with Raschig rings adhered to oil for small air compressors must be cleaned and oiled regularly. 6.1.3 When the resistance of the air filter exceeds the maximum allowable value, the purge device or automatic roller shutter device should be checked and handled. 6.1.4 Large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with alarm interlock devices such as surge, vibration, shaft displacement, oil pressure, oil temperature, water pressure, water volume, bearing temperature and exhaust temperature according to the performance requirements of the equipment. An air drop test must be carried out before driving. 6.1.5 Large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with high-level oil tanks or pressure oil tanks, and self-starting and shutdown interlocking protection devices for auxiliary oil pumps when the oil pressure drops should be installed.
6.1.6 When abnormal sound, smell, vibration or failure is found during the operation of the air compressor, it should be stopped and checked immediately. 6.1.7 All protective devices and safety accessories checked before driving should be in good condition, otherwise it is strictly forbidden to drive. 6.1.8 Large and medium-sized air compressors should not be started cold for more than three times in a row, and hot start should not be more than two times. The start interval time shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the equipment operating manual.
6.1.9 The oil filling amount and oil quality of the piston air compressor cylinder must meet the requirements, and the cylinder temperature must be strictly controlled and must not exceed the specified value. The flash point of the cylinder lubricating oil must be more than 40°C higher than the normal exhaust temperature of the compressor air, and it should have good anti-oxidation stability. 6.1.10 Screw air compressors should avoid parking with load. High-efficiency silencers must be installed at all levels of gas outlets. 6.2 Oxygen compressor
6.2.1 A filter made of copper wire or stainless steel wire should be installed at the inlet of the oxygen compressor. 6.2.2 When testing the oxygen compressor, nitrogen or oil-free air should be used for purging and test running. Direct testing with oxygen is strictly prohibited. 6.2.3 The shaft seal of the turbine oxygen compressor must be intact and the pressure of the shaft seal gas must be within the specified value. 6.2.4 For turbine oxygen compressors with a pressure above 0.6MPa, a protective wall or a separate fireproof room should be installed.6 Grease and other items not related to production are not allowed to be piled up at the production site. 5.7 Before starting, check the safety protection devices, instruments, and meters, and confirm the open and closed status of the valves. 5.8 The pressure gauges, safety valves, thermometers and other instruments and safety interlock protection devices in the calibration system should be checked regularly. 5.9 When working in the nitrogen and argon areas, measures to prevent asphyxiation must be taken, and the gas in the working area is allowed to work only after passing the test. 5.10 The installation, use, maintenance and inspection of pressure vessels shall comply with the requirements of the "Regulations on Safety Technical Supervision of Pressure Vessels" of the Ministry of Labor. Before starting the rotating equipment, the turning inspection shall be carried out according to the requirements of the equipment operating procedures. It is strictly forbidden to start while turning the equipment. 5.11
5.12 The rotating parts of the equipment shall be equipped with protective guards that meet the relevant national standards. It is strictly forbidden to cross the equipment in operation. The equipment in operation shall be inspected according to the regulations, and problems shall be handled and reported in time. In an emergency, the equipment can be shut down for processing. 5.13
After the equipment is shut down in winter in cold areas, antifreeze measures should be taken. 5.14
5.15 It is strictly forbidden to operate compressors, storage (including cryogenic storage tanks) and other related equipment at overpressure. If there is a leak in the equipment or system, it is strictly forbidden to tighten the bolts.
It is forbidden to discharge various gases except air into the room. 5.16
5.17 It is strictly forbidden to stack flammable and explosive items around the air separation unit, liquid oxygen and the main control room, and it is not allowed to dump harmful pollutants such as calcium carbide slag at will.
5.18 Before the oxygen storage tank is put into use, it must be subjected to strength test, air tightness test, rust removal, degreasing, purging, and non-flammable anti-rust paint on the inner wall.
5.19 When releasing oxygen, the surrounding area should be notified that it is strictly forbidden to start a fire, and a special person should be assigned to supervise. 6 Fluorine gas production and equipment
6.1 Air compressor
6.1.1 Dry filters should be installed in the suction chambers of large and medium-sized air compressors, and dry filters should be cleaned or replaced regularly as required. 6.1.2 Air filters with Raschig rings adhered to oil for small air compressors must be cleaned and oiled regularly. 6.1.3 When the resistance of the air filter exceeds the maximum allowable value, the purge device or automatic roller shutter device should be checked and handled. 6.1.4 Large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with alarm interlock devices such as surge, vibration, shaft displacement, oil pressure, oil temperature, water pressure, water volume, bearing temperature and exhaust temperature according to the performance requirements of the equipment. An air drop test must be carried out before driving. 6.1.5 Large and medium-sized air compressors should be equipped with high-level oil tanks or pressure oil tanks, and self-starting and shutdown interlocking protection devices for auxiliary oil pumps when the oil pressure drops should be installed.
6.1.6 When abnormal sound, smell, vibration or failure is found during the operation of the air compressor, it should be stopped and checked immediately. 6.1.7 All protective devices and safety accessories checked before driving should be in good condition, otherwise it is strictly forbidden to drive. 6.1.8 Large and medium-sized air compressors should not be started cold for more than three times in a row, and hot start should not be more than two times. The start interval time shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the equipment operating manual.
6.1.9 The oil filling amount and oil quality of the piston air compressor cylinder must meet the requirements, and the cylinder temperature must be strictly controlled and must not exceed the specified value. The flash point of the cylinder lubricating oil must be more than 40°C higher than the normal exhaust temperature of the compressor air, and it should have good anti-oxidation stability. 6.1.10 Screw air compressors should avoid parking with load. High-efficiency silencers must be installed at all levels of gas outlets. 6.2 Oxygen compressor
6.2.1 A filter made of copper wire or stainless steel wire should be installed at the inlet of the oxygen compressor. 6.2.2 When testing the oxygen compressor, nitrogen or oil-free air should be used for purging and test running. Direct testing with oxygen is strictly prohibited. 6.2.3 The shaft seal of the turbine oxygen compressor must be intact and the pressure of the shaft seal gas must be within the specified value. 6.2.4 For turbine oxygen compressors with a pressure above 0.6MPa, a protective wall or a separate fireproof room should be installed.
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