GB/T 18091-2000 Optical properties of glass curtain wall GB/T18091-2000
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Optical properties of glass curtain walls
Optical properties of glass curtain wallsGB/T18091-2000
Approved and issued by: State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision Issue date: May 8, 2000
Implementation date: October 1, 2000
6--2-1
This standard is prepared to limit the harmful light reflection of glass curtain walls. This standard is a standard matching JG3035-1996 "Architectural Curtain Wall" and
JGJI02-1996 "Glass Curtain Wall Engineering Technical Specifications".
Appendix Λ, B, and C of this standard are all standard appendices. Appendix D of this standard is a prompt appendix.
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Construction.
This standard is classified by the China Building Standard Design Institute, the technical unit responsible for building products and equipment standards of the Ministry of Construction. 6—22
The drafting unit of this standard is China Academy of Building Research. The participating drafting units of this standard are China Construction Metal Structure Association Shenzhen AVIC Curtain Wall Co., Ltd., Zhongnan Glass Products Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Modern Curtain Wall Engineering Design Consultant Co., Ltd., China Southern Glass Group Corporation, and Junxiongpo Glass Curtain Wall Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are Lin Ruoci, Zheng Jinfeng, Zhang Jian, Zhao Yanhua, Bi Silian, Xie Yushen, Zhang Youpei, Xiao Xiaoqi, and Xu Wuyi.
This standard is entrusted to China Building Standard Design Institute for interpretation. 1 Scope
This standard specifies the harmful light reflection and related optical performance indicators, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules of glass curtain walls. This standard applies to glass curtain walls.
, Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised. All parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. Visible light transmittance,
GB/T2680—1994 Architectural glass
Determination of direct sunlight transmittance, total solar energy transmittance, ultraviolet transmittance and related window glass parameters
GB/T5702—1985 Method for evaluating color rendering of light sources GB/T 11942—1989
GB/T 11976—1989
Testing methods
Method for measuring the chromaticity of colored building materials
Classification of lighting performance of exterior windows of buildings and
JC693--1998 Heat-reflecting glass
Building curtain walls
JG 3035-1996
3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 (Light) reflectance
luminous reflectance
The ratio of the luminous flux Φ reflected by the surface of an object to the luminous flux Φ incident on the surface of the object, expressed by the symbol 粤. 3.2
(Light) transmittance
luminous transmittance
The ratio of the luminous flux Φ transmitted from an object to the luminous flux Φ incident on the object, expressed by the symbol .
3.3 Color difference△Ecolour difference
The difference in color perception expressed quantitatively,
3.4 Color perspective indexcolour rendering indexThe general color rendering index of the light source (D6s) after passing through the glass, expressed by R装.
Transmitting rebate factor
The coefficient of light attenuation after passing through the light-blocking components of the window frame and the lighting material combined with the window, expressed by the symbol T,.
Reflection of glass curtain wallsharmful luminous
Reflection of glass curtain wallsharmful luminous
Reflection of glass curtain walls that causes cumulative visual damage or interference to people, including disability glare or discomfort glare. 3.7
Disability glaredisabilityglare
Glare that reduces the visibility of visual objects but does not necessarily cause discomfort
3.8Discomfort glare
Discomfort glare
Glare that produces discomfort but does not necessarily reduce the visibility of visual objects.
Visual field
The range of spatial angles that the human eye can perceive when the head and eyes are not moving.
3.10Distortiondeforation
The phenomenon that an object becomes distorted after imaging. ￥４ Requirements
The setting of glass curtain wall shall meet the requirements of urban planning, lighting, heat preservation, heat insulation and other requirements, and shall also meet the requirements of relevant optical performance.
Curtain wall glass products shall meet the following optical performance 4.1.1
General curtain wall glass products shall provide visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, solar light transmittance, solar light reflectance, solar total transmittance, shielding coefficient, and color difference.
For curtain wall glass products of museums, exhibition halls, libraries, and commercial buildings with special requirements, ultraviolet transmittance and color perspective index shall also be provided.
The optical performance parameters of curtain wall glass shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A, Appendix 3 and Appendix C.
4.1.2 To limit the harmful light reflection of glass curtain walls, glass curtain walls should use curtain wall glass with a reflectance ratio not greater than 0.30. 4.1.3 The color uniformity of curtain wall glass is expressed by the color difference △F (CIELAB system). The color difference △F of the same glass product should not be greater than 3CIELAB color difference units. The color difference specified in this standard is the reflection color difference. 4.1.4 To reduce the image distortion of glass curtain walls, the assembly and installation of glass curtain walls should meet the flatness requirements specified in JG3035, and the selected glass should meet the requirements of the corresponding current national and industry standards. 4.1.5 For glass curtain walls with lighting function requirements, the light transmission reduction coefficient should generally not be less than 0.20.
4.2 The design and installation of glass curtain walls shall comply with the following provisions: 4.2.1 If glass curtain walls are used in places where the buildings on both sides of urban main roads, overpasses and elevated roads are less than 20m, and in other sections less than 10m, low-reflection glass with a reflectance of no more than 0.16 shall be used. If the reflectance is higher than this value, the area of the glass curtain wall shall be controlled or other materials shall be used to separate the building facades. 4.2.2
The installation of glass curtain walls shall be limited in residential areas. 4.2.3 Glass curtain walls shall be used with caution in historical blocks and scenic spots designated in historical and cultural cities.
4.2.4 Glass curtain walls shall not be installed at T-shaped intersections facing straight sections. Glass curtain walls should not be installed at crossroads or multi-way intersections.
When the glass curtain walls on both sides of the road are designed as concave arcs, it should be avoided that the reflected light enters the field of view of pedestrians and drivers. The design and setting of the concave curved glass curtain wall should control the position of the focus of the reflected light. The curvature radius R of the curtain wall curved surface should generally be greater than the maximum distance Rs from the curtain wall to the opposite building facade, that is, R is greater than R. 4.2.6 When the north-south glass curtain wall is tilted backward at a certain angle, the reflected light from the sun should be prevented from entering the field of view of pedestrians and drivers. The tilt angle 6 of the rear to the vertical plane should be greater than h/2. This restriction is not applicable when the curtain wall is greater than 36m above the ground. h is the solar altitude angle at noon on the local summer solstice. The solar altitude angle at noon on the summer solstice in major cities in China can be found in Appendix D (suggestive Appendix). 5 Test methods Visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, solar light transmittance, solar light reflectance, total solar energy transmittance, shielding coefficient, and ultraviolet light transmittance should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T2680. 5.2 The color perspective index shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T2680 and GB/T5702.
The light transmittance reduction coefficient shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T11976. 5.4
Color difference inspection
Laboratory color difference inspection shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T11942 and JC693.
5.4.2 On-site color difference inspection
Visual inspection: When visually inspecting the color difference, take one wall as a self-test unit and inspect each wall one by one. When visual inspection determines that the color difference is problematic or controversial, an instrument should be used for inspection. 5.4.2.2 Instrument inspection: Select inspection points at the parts of the glass curtain wall with color difference problems. Take 2 pieces of curtain wall glass as a color difference inspection group, select 5 inspection points in each group, and each piece contains at least one inspection point. Color difference is grouped for inspection, and all parts of the glass curtain wall with color difference problems should be included in the inspection group. The inspection method should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T11942 and JC693.
5.5 Image distortion
When image distortion occurs on thin glass walls, image distortion inspection should be carried out 5.5.1
5.5.2 When visually inspecting image distortion, take one wall as a visual inspection unit, and inspect each wall one by one. When there is a dispute over the visual determination of image distortion, the assembly allowable deviation of the glass curtain wall should be inspected according to the method specified in JG3035.
Inspection rules
Inspection categories
It is divided into type inspection, factory inspection and on-site inspection. Inspection items
Inspection items are shown in Table 1.
Item Content
Munao Glass
Inspection Item Table
Inspection Category
Judgment Basis
Inspection
Visible light transmittance 4.1.1 Appendix A
Visible light reflectance 4.1.24.2.1
Solar light transmittance
4.1.1 Appendix A
Solar light reflectance
4.1.1 Appendix A
Main!
Total solar transmittance|4.1.1 Appendix A
Shielding coefficient
4.1.1 Appendix A
Ultraviolet transmittance 4.1.1 Appendix B
Color perspective index 4.1.1 Appendix C
6-2 -- 4
Item content
Glass curtain wall
Image distortion
General light transmittance reduction coefficient
Type inspection
Judgment basis
JG3035
Inspection category
Type factory
Inspection
Type inspection should be carried out in any of the following situations: a) Trial production and identification of new products or old products transferred to the factory for production; b) After formal production, when there are major changes in materials and processes that may affect product performance;
c) When the product is resumed after a long period of suspension; d) When the factory inspection results are significantly different from the last type inspection; e) When the national quality supervision agency proposes a type inspection requirement. 6.3.2 Judgment rules
If one of the inspection results of the items specified in Table 1 is unqualified, it should be re-inspected; if it is still unqualified, the curtain wall glass should be judged as unqualified.
6.4 Factory inspection
6.4.1 Factory inspection of curtain wall glass:
6.4.1.1 The inspection items are shown in Table 1. Inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the methods specified in this standard.
6.4.1.2 Sampling rules
Inspection sampling shall be carried out by random sampling in accordance with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2
Batch range
91~150
151-280
281500
501~1000
Sampling table
Number of samples
6.4.1.3 Judgment rules
Unit: piece
Number of unqualified judgments
Number of qualified judgments「
If the number of unqualified judgments is equal to or greater than the number of unqualified judgments in Table 2, it shall be recognized The batch of products is unqualified.
The inspection of glass curtain wall shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T11976.
6.5 On-site inspection
6.5.1 The color difference inspection and image distortion inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the methods specified in this standard.
6.5.2 Judgment criteria
Color difference: The color difference AE of the inspection group is greater than 3 CIELAB color difference units. Curtain wall glass is not up to standard for color difference. Image distortion: It should be judged after inspection according to the provisions of JG3035 6.5.2.2
Glass type
Silver gray
Heat reflection
Coated glass
Heat absorption glass
Low radiation glass
Composite glass
Light brown
Blue-green
Light blue
Colorless and transparent
Light gray
Light Blue
Blue-green
Insulating glass
Laminated glass
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Optical performance parameters of curtain wall glass
Visible light (380-780nm)
Transmittance
Reflectance
Sunlight (300-2500mm)
Transmittance
0.12～0.20
0. 10-- 0.28
0.07-0.13
0.08 ~0.12
0.13 --0.24
0.10～0.22
0.09-0.13
0.13~0.26
Reflectance
0.23~-0.28
0.14 ~0.30
0.22-0.29
0.25~0.30
0.18~0.2t
0.19 ~0.23
0.16 ~0.20
0.10 -0.34
0.10-0.18 1 0.32~0.38
0.04-0.16
0.08 --0.30
≥0.700.07~0.180.43~0.66
0.20-0,24
0.06 ~0.13
0.07-0.24
Solar energy
Total transmittance
0.25~0.35bzxZ.net
0.18~-0.38
0.18 - 0.27
0.15~0.25
0.27~0.38
0.10~-0.30
0.33 -0.50
0.25-0.40
0.13 -0.30
0.13 ~0.30
0.48-0.77
0.10~0.15
0.44~0.68
0.30~0.35
Occlusion coefficient
0.30 -0.35
0.26 ~ 0.48
0.22 ~0.26
0.20 ~0.25
0.38 ~0.41
0.38~0.43
0.25 -- 0.31
0.32 ~0.50
0.36 -0.80
0.25-0),38
0.24~-0.49
0.56 ~0.81
0.31 ~0.44
0.34-0.40
Chroma difference AE
(CIELAB)）
If the above glass is used for composite glass products, the performance of its single glass shall comply with the parameters in the table respectively, and the parameters of the composite glass products shall be remeasured
Appendix B
(Appendix to the standard)
Relative content of ultraviolet rays
Type of light source
Blue sky (15000K)
Northern sky light
Direct sunlight
Relative content of ultraviolet rays (μW/m)
For places with ultraviolet requirements, the ultraviolet transmittance of curtain wall glass should be less than 0.30.
For museums, the relative content of ultraviolet light after the light source passes through the curtain wall glass should be less than 75μW/m
Appendix ℃
(Appendix of standard recommendation)
Perspective index
Perspective index (R)
60≤R<80
40≤R,<60
Appendix D
(Appendix of Suggestion)
China's important cities are more solar declination angles in the positive year City
Qiqihar
Latitude (North Latitude)
Solar altitude angle hSolar azimuth angle A
h=6007
47°20
39°57
36°42
34°43
31°12
28'11~
23°00
20°02\
h=69\34
h =7330\
h=76°46
h= 78°44
h=82°15
h=8516°
h= 88°25\
h=8933
h=86°35
A= 0°
A= 0°
A=180°
A=180*
6-2—5
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