GB/T 28594-2021.Weather nowcasting.
1 Scope
GB/T 28594 specifies the forecast content, forecast production, forecast release and forecast verification of nowcast weather forecast.
GB/T 28594 applies to the production, release, verification and use of nowcast weather forecast.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
QX/T 204-2013 Nowcast weather forecast verification
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Weather nowcasting
Description and forecast of weather phenomena and meteorological element states and their changes in a certain area for the next 0h~2h.
3.2
Forecast leading time
The length of time covered by the forecast content.
Note 1: The unit is minute (min) or hour (h).
Note 2: Rewrite GB/T 21984-2017, definition 2.21.
3.3
Convective weather
Weather phenomena such as lightning, short-term heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, hail and tornadoes accompanied by deep convective activities.
3.4
​​ Thunder and lightning
Lightning with thunder in convective clouds, between clouds or between clouds and the ground.
3.5
Flash heavy rain
Short-duration heavy rain
Large convective precipitation that occurs locally in a very short period of time under the influence of small and medium-scale weather systems. ||tt
||Note: Rewrite QX/T 416-2018. Definition 2.1.
3.6
Thunderstorm gust
Thunderstorm gust||
tt||Convective gust
Wind gusts greater than or equal to level 7 that occur with deep wet convection.
Specifies the forecast content, forecast production, forecast release and forecast verification of the near-term weather forecast.

ICS07.060
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T28594—2021
Replaces GB/T285942012
Near-coming weather forecast
Weathernowcasting
Published on 2021-03-09
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Standardization Administration
Implemented on 2021-07-01
People's Republic of China
National Standard
Near-coming weather forecast
GB/T2 55522021
Published and distributed by China Standard Publishing House
No. 2, Zupingdan West Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100029) No. 16, Erlihe North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (100015) website.spc.org.cn
Service hotline: 100-168-0510
Edition in March 2021
Book number: 155066: 1-86541
Copyright reserved
Infringements must be investigated
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This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.12009. GB/T28594—2021
This standard replaces GB/T28594—2C12 Nowcasting Weather. Compared with GB/T2859-2012, in addition to editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows:
Added normative documents (see Chapter 2); Modified the terms and definitions of nowcast, forecast time, short-term heavy precipitation, etc. (see 3.1, 3.2 and 3.5, 2012 edition 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3);
Deleted the terms and definitions of spatial resolution (see 3.2 of the 2012 edition); Added the terms and definitions of convective weather, lightning, cosmic storm, ice pipe, tornado and fog (see 3.3, 3.4. 3.6, 3.7.3.8 and 3.9):
Modified the forecast object (see 4.1, 3.3 of the 2012 edition): Deleted the factory requirements (see 3.4 of the 2012 edition); Modified the production process (see 5.1, 4.1 of the 2012 edition); Modified the forecast product (see 5.2 4.2 of the 2012 edition): Added forecast release and forecast verification (see Chapter 6 and Chapter 7). This standard was proposed by the China Meteorological Administration
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC345). The drafting unit of this standard: Shandong Meteorological Observatory. The main drafters of this standard: Yang Chengfang, Liu Chang, Er Xiangui, Guo Junjian, Cao Yueyao. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are: GB/T28594—2012.
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1 Scope
Weather forecast
Near-term weather
This standard specifies the forecast content, forecast production, forecast release and forecast verification of wide and near-term weather forecast. This standard applies to the preparation, release, inspection and use of near-weather forecasts: 2 Normative references
GB/T28594—2021
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document, QX/T204—2013 Nowcasting inspection 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document
Nowcasting
weather nowcasting
Description and forecast of the state of meteorological elements and their changes in a certain area of ​​​​mu m~2h weather phenomenon, 3.2bzxz.net
forecast leading time
forecast leading time
the length of time covered by the forecast content
Note 1: The unit is minutes (rain) or hours (h) Note 2: Rewrite G13/T21984-2C17, definition 2.21:3.3
cunveclive weather
convective weather
accompanied by deep convective activity, short-term heavy rainfall, violent winds, ice and tornadoes, etc. (phenomenon, 3.4
thunder and lightning
Lightning in convective clouds, between clouds or between six places, with a sound of discharge. 3.5
flashheavyrain
short-duration heavy rainfall
short-duration heavy rainfall
under the influence of small and medium-scale weather systems, large convective rainfall occurs locally in a very short time. Note: rewrite QX/T4162018, definition 2.1
t hunderstormgust
thunderstorm gale
thunderstorm gale
convective gale
gusts of wind with a force of 7 or above accompanied by deep wet convection, 1
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GB/T28594—2021
a kind of solid precipitation with a hard spherical, push-shaped or irregular shape and with a bract and accompanied by thunder. Note 1: Ice One tenth of the diameter is equal to 5.mm.
Note 2: Rewrite GB/T35663-2C17, definition 2.3.123.8
turnado
The rotating air column from the bottom of the cumuliform cloud to the land and water surface. Note 1: The common surface is the cumulus cloud body
Note 2: Rewrite CB/T34301-2c17. Definition 2.13.9
fog
A large number of tiny water droplets Floating in the air, it is often milky white, making the horizontal visibility less than 1.0 km. GB/T35663-2017. Definition 2.3.23
4 Forecast content
4.1 Forecast object
4.1.1 The forecast object is mainly convective weather, including lightning, short-term heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, ice fragrance and tornadoes, etc. 4.1.2 The forecast object can also increase rain, snow, fog, temperature, wind, humidity and visibility as needed. 4.2
Forecast validity
Oh~-2h
5 Forecast production
5.1 Technical requirements
The production of nowadays weather forecasts shall meet the following technical requirements: a)
Analyze the recent human-scale circulation background and the evolution of the main atmospheric systems, and determine the atmospheric systems that may affect the forecast wind area; b) Understand the latest short-term atmospheric forecast conclusions and their forecast basis, and judge the future development trend of the forecast object based on comprehensive analysis;
Comprehensively utilize various observation data and numerical model products: track, monitor, analyze weather systems, the status and evolution of meteorological elements, and forecast The falling area and intensity of the object. Use various near-weather forecast and warning technologies and methods to make near-weather forecasts; when the meteorological disaster warning signal standards are reached, timely make meteorological disaster warning signals of corresponding levels; d) Track, monitor and analyze at any time, and revise the near-weather forecast in real time. 5.2
Forecast products
Near-weather forecast products are divided into two forms: forecast and warning signals. The content should include the intensity (level or value) of the forecast object, the affected area and the affected time, etc., and be given in the form of text, charts or data. 2
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Forecast release
GB/T 28594—2021
Nowadays weather forecast products can be released through television, radio, the Internet (including oral media), or provided with forecast verification according to the agreed method
The inspection of nowadays weather forecast products shall comply with the provisions of QX/T2012013,-rrKaeerkAca-
GB/T 28594—2021
References
GB/T21981—2C17
Short-term weather forecast
Technical specification for tornado disaster investigation
GB/T343012017
GB/T 352242C17
Specifications for ground meteorological observation
, Weather phenomena
GB/T35663—2017 Basic techniques for weather forecasting QX/T4152018 Severe convective weather levels
Methods for issuing and disseminating meteorological disaster warning signals (China Meteorological Bureau Order No. 16, 2007) [6
Notice of the China Meteorological Office on the issuance of the "Regulations on Short-term Near-term Weather Operations" (China Meteorological Office (2017132) World Meteorological Organization.Guidelines for Nowcasting Techniques (WwMO-No.1198).2017
Copyright exclusive infringement must be investigated
GB/T 28594-202
Scan up and pull
Formal service system
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s number: 1550661-56944
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