Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety of toys
Safety of toys
UDC688.7
:614.8
GB_6675—86
ICTI - 80
Generally speaking, toys are designed and manufactured for children of a specific age group, and their characteristics are related to the age and developmental stage of the child. The use of toys requires a certain degree of adaptability. Apart from the inherent and obvious dangers of certain toys (such as the instability of scooters, sharp needles in sewing toys, etc.), as long as the toys are used in the way for which they are intended, they are not suitable for the age range for which they are intended to be played. There is no danger to children. Accidents often occur due to children using toys that are not suitable for them or using toys that do not meet the purpose for which they were designed. Therefore, be careful when choosing toys and games, and consider the intellectual and physical development and personality of the children who use the toys. Compliance with the requirements of this standard does not relieve parents and educators of their responsibility to care for children while they use toys. In order to adapt to the requirements of new toys, consideration has been given to safety devices that can withstand a certain amount of wear and tear, so that caregivers can rest assured and let children use the toys. In summary, toys should not break and create hazards prohibited by this standard. Chapter 1 Mechanical and Physical Properties
1 Scope
This part of the standard proposes the mechanical and physical performance requirements and test methods that must be considered when manufacturing toys to ensure that users use the toys in the specified way. time safety.
The purpose is to minimize hazards that are not obvious to the child, but do not include those inherent hazards that are obvious to the child or those caring for the child.
Conformity with the requirements of this standard does not exclude manufacturers, importers and retailers from complying with the statutory rules of the relevant country. 2 Application areas
This standard applies to children's toys, the age of children is limited to 14 years old, and also includes special requirements for toys intended for children under 3 years old and under 8 years old.
This section includes all the following toys:
: motorized toys, scientific toys, handmade toys (such as simple construction models, sets of woodworking or other hand tools) specially designed for children, ||tt| |Toys used in parks (such as swings), toy sports equipment (such as toy tennis rackets). b.
The following items are not subject to this standard:
Celluloid table tennis balls;
a.
b. Christmas decorations
for collective use Sports fields, or sports equipment used individually for training projects: c.
Equipment for collective use on playgrounds;
d.
Water equipment that can be used in deep water; ||tt| |e.
f.
Inflatable or other small boats large enough to carry children, compressed air weapons,
g.
National Bureau of Standards 1986-08-13 Release
Implemented on 1987-02-01
h. Pyrotechnics;
i: internal combustion engine vehicles;
j. Scale model;
k． Catapult horse,
, shooting target,
m, bicycle with seat height greater than 635mm. GB6675—86
This standard applies to toys sold for the first time. If the toy is assembled by children, these requirements shall apply to the assembled parts. If the toy is assembled by adults, these requirements shall apply to the assembled parts. Toy. 3 Technical requirements
3.1 Materials
3.1.1 Soft plastic film
Soft plastic film without any lining (such as used as an apron), when the area is larger than 100mm×100mm , its thickness shall not be less than 0.038mm.
3.1.2 Wood
There should be no iris holes in the appearance of the wood, and no knots should be loose. The bark can only be used for folk toys (i.e. for decoration). This requirement does not apply to softwood. The surfaces and edges of wooden toys should not be so rough as to cause a risk of injury when rubbed against skin. 3.1.3 Glass
The structure of toys for children under 3 years old should not contain glass. However, the exception is the beads in the shaking sound toy, and the solid glass eyes are fine and elastic.
In the structure of toys for children over 3 years of age, glass may be used only when it is essential for their function (such as optical toys). Sets of scientific toys and scale model toys may contain small glass containers, but any containers used for heating must be made of borosilicate glass. Where glass is used, its edges should be blunted and protected if necessary, with the exception of microscope slides and cover slips. 3.1.4 Filling materials
must be new or sterilized filling materials. The soft filling material shall not contain any hard or sharp substances, such as metal shavings, nails, needles and splinters of wood, broken glass or plastic, etc., and shall not contain any unsanitary substances from insects, birds and rodents. . Particle fillers with a size less than or equal to 3mm should be wrapped in an inner liner and should not be placed directly into the toy shell. 3.2 Structure
3.2.1 General requirements
3.2.1.1 Edges
The accessible edges of toys should be designed to reduce the risk of injury. For the accessible edges of metal sheets with a thickness less than 0.5mm, the following methods should be used:
a: The edges can be folded, rolled or curled (as shown in Figure 1); folded edges (less than 270) ||tt| |amax=0.7mm
Curled edge (between 270 and 360) bm2x=1.5mm
Figure 1
Curled edge (greater than 360\)
cUnlimited
b． The edges can be protected with a plastic layer,
C: The edges can be painted.
GB6675-86
Except for metal sheets smaller than 0.5mm, the edges of metal and plastic toys must not have burrs that can easily cause injury. Toys for children under 3 years old should have no sharp edges that are accessible. Toys for children between 3 and 8 years old should have a warning mark if they have sharp edges necessary for function. The sharp edges of metal and glass should be tested in accordance with the American test method standard CFR1500.49 "Technical Requirements for Testing of Sharp Edges of Metal or Glass on Toys or Other Items intended for Children Under 8 Years Old" (see Appendix A). 3.2.1.2 Overlap
Figure 2
When the gap between adjacent surfaces of the metal sheet is greater than 0.7mm, the edge of the metal sheet shall comply with the provisions of 3.2.1.1. 3.2.1.3 Fasteners
The tips of nails, screws and similar fasteners used in manufacturing toys should not be accessible, and the accessible parts of each fastener should not have burrs. The heads of countersunk head screws shall not protrude beyond the outer surface of the finished product, and flat or round head wood screws shall have appropriate countersunk holes. If a toy is tested according to the relevant requirements of this standard, it shall comply with the above requirements whether before or after the test. 3.2.1.4 Points and wires
Plays intended for children under 3 years of age should not have dangerous points that may be touched. The so-called "dangerous tips" refer to tips that may puncture and scratch children's skin during normal use. The tip test should be carried out in accordance with the American test method standard CFR1500.48 "Technical Requirements for Testing Sharp Points on Toys or Other Items for Children Under 8 Years Old" (see Appendix B). Toys intended for children aged 3 to 8 years old should have a warning mark if they have sharp points necessary for function. Wires constituting parts of a toy which can easily become accessible shall have rounded, blunted or otherwise protected ends. Wires that may be bent by children shall not break when tested according to 4.1. 3.2.1.5 Pipe fittings and similar rigid elements
Tubes, rods, rods or other similar rigid elements that protrude from the main body of the toy. Based on their structure, diameter, and length, when the toy is in a stationary state, it may cause injury and fall. Children should be protected when using this toy. If the protective device consists of detachable components, the component shall not fall off when tested in accordance with 4.2. 3.2.1.6 Folding mechanism
In order to prevent injuries caused by squeezing, all toys with mechanically driven sliding or folding parts and toys with sliding or folding parts used to support a mass of more than 2.5kg should be equipped with safety devices. 3.2.1.7 Dumpling chain
If two parts of a toy are connected by one or more hinges (toys with doors or lids) and there is a gap between the assembled edges, the structure shall be Regardless of the position of the door or cover, this gap should be less than 5mm or greater than 12mm. There are no regulations for toys whose movable parts weigh less than 225g. 3.2.1.8 Transmission mechanism
Transmission mechanism that forms an integral part of the toy (such as gears, belts, clockwork mechanisms, whether electric, inertial or clockwork, but does not include parts for assembling the toy, or belongs to 3.2.2.7.1) should be covered so that children cannot reach moving parts that could crush children's fingers or injure children. When toys with such a mechanism are tested according to 4.3, the mechanism shall not be exposed. The overall dimensions of the wind-up key or starting handle should be such that the clear gap between them and the toy body is less than 2mm or greater than 12mm. GB 6675-86
If a starting string with a diameter less than 1.5mm is used in the mechanical structure of toys used by children under 3 years old, the resilience force of the mechanism shall not be greater than 4.5N.
3.2.1.9 Spring
Springs that can pinch children's fingers when using toys should be protected. When the coil spring is in a relaxed state, if the gap between two adjacent turns is greater than 3mm, it should be protected. For spiral tension springs, under a tension of 40N, if the gap between two adjacent turns is greater than 3mm, it should be protected. 3.2.2 Requirements applicable to certain toys
3.2.2.1 Small toys
The size of small toys and detachable components used by children under 3 years old should be such that they cannot accommodate people as shown in Figure 3 The shown Φ31.75mm×57.15mm oblique truncated cylinder.
31.7bZxz.net
s
Figure 3
3.2.2.2 Non-detachable components
Toys intended for children under 3 years of age, the components of which are, for example, made of glass , metal, wood or other hard materials, these elements must meet one of the following requirements:
a, embedded in the toy so that children cannot pull it out with their teeth or fingers. b. Fix it on the toy so that it will not separate or loosen when subjected to the following forces. When the maximum contactable size is less than or equal to 6mm, the acting force is 50N. When the maximum contactable size is greater than 6mm, the acting force is 90N.
c. Soft toys (dolls, animals, etc.) are considered toys for children under 3 years old. 3.2.2.3 Toys pre-placed in the human body
Reeds, balls and similar components in toys (such as whistles) pre-positioned in the human body, if they can accommodate Φ31.75mm×57.15mm GB6675-86| | tt | . 3.2.2.4 Toys intended to be used in a cradle, cot or stroller. For toys intended to be tied to a cradle, cot or stroller with a rope, the free length of the rope shall not exceed 300mm. If the rope connection is in the form of a ring, the circumference of the ring shall be The length shall not be greater than 350mm. If the free elastic band is stretched with a force of 25N, the length shall not be greater than 300mm. The above requirements do not apply to toy elastic bands whose ends are fixed to both sides of cradle, cot and stroller. Under the tension of 25N, the length of this type of elastic band should be less than 750mm and should not exceed 40% of the slack length. 3.2.2.5 Pulling toys
When the length of the rope used for pulling toys is greater than 300mm, there shall be no slip knots or fasteners that are easy to form slip knots. In addition, such toys for children under 3 years old must not use ropes thinner than 1.5mm. 3.2.2.6 Toys that are accessible to children
Toys that are accessible to children should enable children to open doors, covers or similar devices from the inside. The closure shall not be equipped with an automatic locking device. When doors, covers or similar devices are closed, ventilation should be ensured on two or more sides. 3.2.2.7 Toys intended to bear the weight of children 3.2.2.7.1 Toys that can bear the weight of children and are driven by children (such as bicycles, scooters, cars) should meet the following requirements: a. Toys whose saddle height from the ground is greater than 330mm shall not be damaged and still meet the relevant requirements of this standard when tested according to 4.4 and 4.5,
b. Toys with a saddle height greater than 330mm shall not tip over when tested in accordance with 4.6. This requirement does not apply to toys with two wheels in a straight line (such as two-wheeled scooters),
C, mechanical drive with flywheel The toy should be equipped with a braking device, and the braking device should ensure that the toy does not move when tested according to 4.7 d. Any drive chain should be protected;
e. The spokes of any wheel driven directly by the running board shall be of solid structure, but slots or holes with a width less than 5 mm are allowed: f. The gap between the wheels and the toy body or other parts (such as fenders) should be less than 5mm or greater than 12mm. 3.2.2.7.2 Except for Qiu Gan, toys that are intended to bear the weight of children but are not driven by children (such as rocking horses and park slides) should comply with the following requirements:
a. When the toy is tested according to 4.4, it should not be damaged and still meet the relevant requirements of this standard; b. When the toy is tested according to 4.6, it should not overturn, but there is no such requirement for toys with devices fixed to the ground. C. If water is likely to accumulate inside outdoor toys, there should be means to regularly remove the water. 3.2.2.7.3 Swings should meet the following requirements: a. When the swing is tested according to 4.8, it must not be damaged and still meet the relevant requirements of this standard; b. The coiling angle of the hook should be at least 540°, and the minimum average diameter of the suspension device (such as rope, chain) is 10mm; c: is To prevent children from falling from the seat, the following safety devices should be provided: the height of the protective railing should be between 200 and 300mm, or there should be a device to fasten the child to the seat. 3.2.2.8 Stationary heavy toys
Stationary toys with a mass greater than 5kg and a height of more than 760mm that are placed on the ground but do not bear the weight of children shall not tip over when tested according to 4.9.
9 Toys containing heat sources
3.2.2.9
Heat source toys coated with varnish or similar materials must not catch fire during continuous use. 3.2.2.9.1 General toys
a. Toys
When the toy is operated according to 4.10, the temperature rise of parts intended to be touched by hands, such as handles, knobs, control handles, etc., should not exceed The following values:
Metal: 25K,
Glass, ceramics: 30K;
Plastic, wood: 35K.
GB6675—86
When the toy is operated according to 4.10, the temperature rise of other contactable parts of the toy shall not exceed: metal: 45K,
other materials: 55K.
b. Functional toys
Toys containing heat sources (such as irons, heating plates, ovens, etc.) that are for educational purposes and have the same functions as corresponding household appliances shall comply with 3.2.2.9 .1a except for functional heating surfaces. This standard does not stipulate the temperature rise of the heated surface of functional toys, but when the toy is used as a model, it should comply with the requirements of the actual product. Users should be alerted to the possible dangers of functional toys (see Chapter 6). 3.2.2.9.2 Steam engine
. When a steam engine is tested according to 4.11, the temperature rise of the part intended for touch shall comply with the provisions of 3.2.2.9.1a: b. A safety device shall be installed on the combustion furnace to prevent fingers from reaching into the toy during operation. The furnace door shall be equipped with a Handle, C: If the engine uses liquid fuel, the structure of the burner shall be such that when tested according to the requirements of 4.11, no liquid shall leak except dripping; if the engine uses solid fuel, when tested according to the requirements of 4.11, no fuel shall leak , d. Liquid and solid fuels used in steam engines, whether sold with toys or not, should have a warning on their packaging that these fuels may be dangerous to children (see Chapter 6), e: the capacity of the boiler shall not be greater than 2000cm3, And be equipped with at least one safety valve made of rust-proof material that cannot be adjusted by the user (such as a spring valve). Heavy hammer safety valves are not allowed. The steam engine is either equipped with a device that indicates the boiler water level to the user (such as a water level indicator needle), or that prevents the boiler from filling water above the water level specified by the manufacturer (such as an overflow port). When testing according to 4.11, the working pressure shall not exceed 1.5bar (1bar=1×105Pa). Working pressure refers to the steam pressure generated in the boiler when the engine is running under no load after starting. The release pressure of the safety valve should not exceed 2 times the working pressure. The burst pressure of the boiler should be at least 3 times the working pressure and not less than 2 times the release pressure of the safety valve. The capacity of the fuel tank should be such that when the steam engine is tested according to 4.11, the water evaporated in the boiler does not exceed 80% of the water injection volume of the boiler. f. It should be noted in the instructions that the boiler must be filled with water before operation, and the fuel tank should be cooled before being filled with fuel. 3.2.2.10 Toy catapults and toys with catapults 3.2.2.10.1 For toys with catapults whose kinetic energy depends on the toy itself and not on the child, when tested according to 4.12, the average kinetic energy of the projectile shall not be greater than 0.5J . Catapults should be unable to fire projectiles not specifically made for that purpose. 3.2.2.10.2 Arrow-shaped projectiles used in spring-loaded muskets and pistols, crossbows, peashooters, etc. shall not be made of metal materials. The end of the projectile shall be blunt and the head shall have a soft protective head. The diameter of the soft protective head shall be at least equal to the larger of the following values: 20 mm or 3 times the maximum cross-section of the arrow shaft. The protective head shall not separate from the main body when subjected to a tensile force of 50 N. 3.2.2.10.3 The head of a children's javelin shall not be made of metal, but a magnetic disk may be installed. 3.2.2.11 Replica weapons without projectiles
Replica weapons without projectiles (such as knives, swords and axes) shall not have functional sharp edges and functional points. 3.2.2.12 Replica protective equipment
Replica protective equipment (such as glasses, diving masks, goggles) shall not have transparent materials around the eyes when worn when tested according to 4.13.
Toys that cover the face shall not have dangerous edges and protrusions inside. Imitation protective masks (such as motorcycle protective masks, helmets) and tinted glasses should be clearly marked "non-protective equipment". 3.2.2.13 Water toys
Water toys are intended for children to use in shallow water where they will not fall. Regardless of the form of the toy (such as rings, inflatable belts), it should be clearly marked that they are not life-saving equipment and must be used under adult supervision.
3.2.2.14 Shaking and sounding toys
GB6675-86
The surface of solid particles placed in shaking and sounding toys and other similar toys for infants should be smooth and round, and small glass balls are allowed.
Seeds and other materials whose size increases by more than 5% of the original value when tested according to 4.14 shall not be used. When shaking and sounding toys are tested first according to 4.3 and then according to 4.15, the shell shall not break and cause hazards prohibited by this standard. 3.2.2.15 Kites and other flying toys
The ropes of kites and other flying toys, when longer than 3 m, shall be made of non-metallic materials. 4 Test methods
Except as otherwise specified in Chapter 3, visual inspection and appropriate methods such as distance, gap, tension, etc. shall be used to check whether the toys comply with the requirements of this standard.
4.1 Flexibility of metal wire
Use two metal rods with a diameter of 10 mm each to tightly clamp the metal wire to be tested, bend the metal wire from the vertical position to one side by 60°, then bend it 120° in the opposite direction, and then return it to the original vertical position (this is one cycle). The test is repeated 30 times at a speed of one cycle per second, and stop for 20 seconds every 10 cycles. Check whether the metal wire is broken.
4.2 Tensile test of protective parts
Subject the tested parts to a tensile force equal to the weight of the toy. If the weight of the toy is less than 60N, it should be subjected to a tensile force of 60N to check whether the tested parts fall off the toy. 4.3 Drop strength
Drop the toy from a height of 85±5cm onto a 4mm thick steel plate 5 times. The surface of the steel plate should be coated with a 2mm thick covering layer with a Shore A hardness of 75±5, and placed on a non-flexible horizontal surface. Check whether the drive mechanism is exposed or whether the shell of the shaking sound toy is damaged. 4.4 Static strength
Add a load of 50kg to the seat surface or standing surface of the toy for 5min. After removing the load, check whether the parts of the toy are damaged and whether they still meet the relevant requirements of this standard. 4.5 Dynamic Strength
Add a load of 50 kg to the seat or standing surface of the toy, with its center of gravity located 150 mm above the seat or 400 mm above the standing surface. The load should be applied in such a way that the force acts at a position equivalent to the force applied to the toy during normal use. Then, rush the toy to a non-elastic step of 50 mm in height at a speed of 2 m/s three times. After unloading, check whether the toy is damaged and whether it still meets the relevant requirements of this standard. 4.6 Stability
Load the toy according to 4.5, and then place the bottom of the toy on a plane inclined at 10° so that the toy is in various positions. Check whether the toy falls over.
4.7 Braking
Load the toy according to 4.5, and then place the toy on a plane inclined at 10° with its longitudinal axis parallel to the inclined plane. Apply a force of 50 N to the brake controller.
Check whether the toy moves.
If the handbrake is used for braking, a clamping force of 50N shall be applied to the middle of the brake handle installed on the handlebar, and the clamping force shall be perpendicular to the handlebar. If the footbrake is used for braking, a force of 50N shall be applied in the direction of the braking effect. If the vehicle has several brakes, each brake shall stop the vehicle in the test state. 4.8 Swing dry strength
Use a load of 200kg evenly on the seat surface or standing surface of the swing for 1h. If the swing has a safety device to prevent children from falling from the seat, the load applied is 66kg. After unloading, check whether all parts are broken and whether they still meet the relevant requirements of this standard. 4.9 Stability of heavy toys
Place the bottom surface of the toy on a plane with an inclination of 5°, place the toy in various positions, and adjust the active parts to make it in the most unfavorable state of stability.
Check whether the toy falls over.
4.10 Heating toys
At an ambient temperature of 25±3°C, start the toy according to the instructions for use. Use the maximum amount of fuel. If it is an electric toy, use the maximum input until the equilibrium temperature is reached. Measure the surface temperature of the toy being tested. Check whether the surface of the toy is on fire. 4.11 Steam engine
Add water to the boiler according to the instructions for use and install a pressure gauge at the opening of the boiler. Start the steam engine, run it under load and measure the corresponding steam pressure (i.e., working pressure). Keep the steam engine running, block the steam outlet until the safety valve operates, and measure the pressure at this time (i.e., release pressure).
Keep the steam engine running, block the steam outlet and the safety valve until the pressure in the boiler reaches the higher of the following specified values: 8. 3 times the working pressure:
b. 2 times the release pressure.
Keep the steam engine running under no-load conditions until all the fuel is exhausted and measure the volume of water remaining in the boiler. 4.12 Projectiles
Measure the kinetic energy of the projectile five times and calculate the arithmetic mean of the five readings. 4.13 Imitation protective equipment
Remove the transparent material from the toy and place it in the test equipment shown in Figure (4) so ??that its periphery is supported. The test is carried out at 20±3°C (68±5°F). A weight of 1 kg is freely dropped from a height of 100 mm onto the top of the cylinder. Check whether the material is broken. $10
Stand
A sample
The stand is made of rigid material and is compatible with the test piece. 4.14 Materials for the shaking sound toy
Figure 4
Make a round rod
Guide facilities
Measure the dimensions of the material to be tested, then immerse the material in water at a temperature of 20±3°C for 24 hours and then measure its dimensions. GB 6675-86
4.15 Strength of shaking sound toys
Place the shaking sound toy on a steel horizontal surface, and drop a metal piece with a mass of 1kg and an area of ??50cm2 onto the toy from a height of 100mm.
Check whether its shell is broken.
5 Packaging
Soft plastic bags that are necessary for toys or required for packaging, if the opening circumference is greater than 380mm, should have a minimum thickness of 0.038mm and should not have drawstrings or ropes.
If the average plastic thickness measured on a 100mm×100mm plane is not less than 0.038mm, the thickness requirement is considered to be met. This requirement does not apply to:
a. Bags with a bag opening circumference greater than 380mm and the sum of the bag length and the opening circumference less than 585mm, b. Heat shrink packaging that is usually destroyed once opened by the user. 6 Marking and instructions for use
6.1 The toy itself or its packaging, or the instructions provided with it, shall clearly indicate the name or trademark of the manufacturer, importer or organization responsible for the sale of the toy.
6.2 Toys that may be dangerous to children under 3 years old (according to the requirements of this standard) or their packaging shall be marked with the mark: "Not suitable for children under 3 years old". This mark may be omitted if the toy is obviously not suitable for children under 3 years old. 6.3 All water toys shall have the following permanent mark: "Caution: For use in shallow water under adult supervision only". If the toy is similar to a swimming aid or life-saving device, it shall be marked "Not a life-saving device". 6.4 Imitation protective equipment (such as helmets) shall be marked with the following mark: "Cannot provide protection in the event of an accident". Similar warnings should also be appropriately marked on other imitation protective equipment. 6.5 Toys with projectiles shall be accompanied by instructions for use. 6.6. For toys with functional sharp points or cutting edges that are harmful to children aged 3 to 8 years old, the instructions provided with the toy should indicate that these points or cutting edges may cause harm. 6.7 Functional toys should be accompanied by instructions for use and explain that the toys can only be used under the direct supervision of adults. 6.8 Steam engines should be accompanied by instructions for use and instructions on how to operate them safely. Swings should come with instructions to remind people to perform regular inspections of the suspension system. 6.9 | combustion performance requirements. Designed to remove toys that can create dangerous flames that are harmful to children. The test methods described in Chapter 10 are used to determine the flammability properties of toys under specified test conditions. The test results cannot be regarded as a comprehensive explanation of the fire hazards of toys and materials under other fire sources. 8Application fields
Same as Chapter 2 of Part 1.
This part includes general requirements for all toys and special requirements and test methods for the following items. a: beard, wig and mask,
b. Make-up clothing (such as shepherd boy clothes, nurse uniforms) c, toys reserved for children (such as toy tents, puppet theater small houses), d. Soft toys with plush fabric.
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