Some standard content:
ICS 2T.420
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JE/T9773.2-1999
Diesel engines-Test of starting performance1999-09-17Released
National Machinery Industry Bureau
2000-01-01Implementation
JB/T97*3.2—1999
This standard is a revision of July 19000287 Oil Engine Starting Performance Test Method: The original standard has been revised and the main technical contents have changed: This standard replaces 7R190002 from the date of implementation: Section A and Section B of this standard are both reference sections. This standard was proposed and approved by the National Technical Committee for Internal Combustion Engine Standardization: Drafting units of this standard: Domestic Engine Research Institute, Shanghai Chai Engine Co., Ltd.: Authors of this standard: Shuang Junming, Xi Jinping, Jiang Liqing This standard was issued in 1587.
■Scope
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Diesel Engine Starting Performance Test Method
Hicsel eayies Test of starter gear motor JB/T9773.2—1999
代警2350U0287
This standard specifies the starting performance evaluation test of small power diesel engines in artificial temperature or natural temperature environment: This standard is applicable to small and medium-sized diesel engines. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards are cited in this standard and are used as the text of this standard. When the standard is published, the audio version is valid. All standards will be revised: Parties using this standard should consider the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. JB/T 8127.1—1995
JB/T8127.2—1995
QC/T 29064—1992
3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions
3.1 Starting limit temperature
Basic parameters of fuel heater
Technical conditions of fuel heater
Technical conditions of automobile starter
Refers to the lowest temperature at which the diesel engine can start according to the specified conditions and requirements of this standard. 3.2 Starting time
The time from the start of rotation to the start of the diesel engine's self-operation and continuous acceleration. 3.3 Starting aids
In addition to the external force that drags the diesel engine to rotate, other external aids and methods that can assist in starting, such as electric heating of the combustion chamber, vent plugging, injection of starting fluid, low-temperature starter, etc. 4 Test conditions
4.1 The starting performance of diesel engines shall be evaluated by starting limit temperature and starting time; if necessary, the pre-starting time, transient time and other indicators shall also be evaluated.
4.2 The diesel engine production plant shall take the starting limit temperature as one of the main technical specifications of the diesel engine [see Appendix (Standard Appendix) Chapter A1] 4 Product specifications and instructions. 4. When these oils are equipped with auxiliary devices, the starting limit temperature when using the auxiliary devices shall be marked (see Appendix Chapter A2 to A5)
4.4 General battery starting motor system
4.4.1 The replacement battery matched with these engines shall ensure that the engine can be dragged within the specified operating temperature range of the diesel engine, using the specified lubricating oil and battery for the specified time according to 6.6.2, and the lubricating oil and battery shall be used for more than 6 times per year, each time for 2 meters, and the shaft towing is required to be turned. Approved by the State Bureau of Machinery Industry on September 17, 1999, and on January 8, 2000, the actual test results are as follows: 4.4.2 If the requirements of 44.1 cannot be met, it is allowed to use a battery melt box to keep the electrolyte temperature between 273 and 298K (door -25) to compensate for the loss caused by the overflow, and to conduct retrograde evaluation within the wide temperature range of use. 4.4.3 The load connected to the battery and the starter motor should have a voltage drop of less than 4% at the test temperature. 4.4.4 The starter motor should meet the requirements of QCT29064. 4.5 The lubricating oil, grease, fuel oil and coolant used in the diesel engine should be compatible with the ambient temperature of use. The solid point of the lubricating oil and coolant should be 10K lower than the operating pressure. 10℃: The filter point of the fuel should be 3~3K lower than the ambient temperature (3-5℃). The commercial temperature of the lubricating oil should be suitable for the operation requirements of the diesel engine.
4.6 The engine should be equipped with necessary starting auxiliary measures according to the temperature of the use pool area. 4.7 The engine and its starting auxiliary measures. After the diesel engine shaft rotates, the components can work independently and can also work in time: 4.7.1 If a diesel engine temperature starting heater is selected, it should comply with the provisions of JB8127.1 and JB8127.2. 4.2 The terminal potential and the intake micro-thermal ink should meet the requirements of the standard. 4.7.3 The starting fluid should be able to be used within the specified humidity range, and ensure that there is a stable T pad and a safe machine every time.
The starting fluid has a stable composition. According to the current injection ratio on the diesel engine, the force increase rate in the left cylinder and the instantaneous maximum speed are guaranteed. The speed shall not exceed the design allowable value of the engine. 4. The amount of compressed air used for starting shall ensure that the number of reverse starts of the engine is not less than ten times. 5 Test preparation
5. The diesel engine must be inspected during the test. 5.1.1 Record the name, model, factory stamping date, serial number, and production name of the test diesel engine. 5.1.2 Check whether the original state and technical parameters of the diesel engine and starting aids meet the requirements of the product technical conditions, and record the performance parameters related to starting.
5,1.3 Measure the main low-temperature performance indicators of lubricating oil, fuel oil, coolant, etc., at least measure the effective value: viscosity-temperature characteristics of lubricating oil (or viscosity under test temperature), solid point: speed point, solid point, cetane number of fuel oil: specific gravity, secretion point, solid point of cold filter, etc. 5.2 Replacement of lubricants, fuel oil, coolant
Before the test, The electric replacement method is as follows: the oil engine is started and operated at a temperature of 33K (-40°C) and the cold filter temperature rises to 333°C (+60°C). The lubricant, fuel oil and cooling fluid are discharged, the filter element is cleaned, the shell and the oil tank are cleaned, and the test lubricant and coolant are added: the engine is started and operated once, and the lubricant temperature and the coolant temperature are changed. 1K (+40%) and 33K (+20%) respectively. Drain the lubricating oil from the engine (except for the fuel and cooling oil in the oil tank), fill up the ignition oil and cooling fluid, start the engine under normal lubrication, and stop the engine for testing after the temperature rises. 3. Pretreatment of batteries before testing
5. Before testing, the battery must be fully charged. The battery must also be activated. Activation is to turn the battery to a high temperature. The battery and the electrolyte with a charge of 1.290 = 0.01 should be placed in a room temperature of 298K1K [251T) for more than 1 hour, and then the electrolyte should be added to the battery for 0mi
5.3.2 The initial charge ratio and general discharge ratio of the battery should be reduced according to the appropriate system, a specified flow or charge method and the specified method. JB/T0773.2-1999
5.3.3 When the battery incubator is used, the operation inspection shall be carried out in pairs. [A fully charged battery should be prepared at the time. 5.4 Preparation of instruments and meters [see Appendix B (standard recording)]: 5.5.1 The cooling filter temperature sensor shall be installed on the gas cap and the main body. The overflow sensor on the cylinder head shall be located in the cylinder head water jacket, 100 mm from the bottom of the whole blood and close to the center of the air. The temperature sensor of the water jacket part of the engine shall be located between the two cylinder sleeves under the sleeve. For single-cylinder engines, including cooling models, the sensor can be installed on the gas cap and the engine body water jacket according to the above provisions. 5.5.2 Temperature of cylinder head of air-cooled diesel engine: Drill a hole at the oil suction seat hole of cylinder head: Then install a temperature measuring device at a depth of 2mm on the inner surface of the front cover to measure. 5.5.3 The temperature sensor of wet oil should be measured at 20-30mm below the surface of lubrication pool. 5.5.4 The temperature of fuel injection should be measured at the inlet of the fuel injection plate 5.5.5: The temperature of intake and exhaust gas should be measured within 5mm of the surface of intake and exhaust pipe flow. 5.5.6 The ambient temperature should be measured at a distance of 1m from the outer wall of diesel engine: The measuring point should be 4 points at a distance of 1.5m from the measuring point and the room screen and its body. The distance between the two points should be greater than 1.5m. The measuring points should be distributed in the same working part of diesel engine. The ambient temperature is the average value of each measuring point. 5.6 Test temperature 5.h.In the test of artificial environment, a test temperature point is set every 10-40K between the bottom 273313K and 10-4+40K, and the test is also carried out at the special temperature point controlled by the external remote control according to the surface requirement. The test in the natural environment takes the actual ambient temperature as the test temperature point. 5.6.2 Cooling regulations
During the cooling process, there is no regulation on the cooling rate, but the minimum temperature should not be lower than the test temperature point by 2K. 5.6.3 Temperature balance
When the test is carried out in the artificial environment test cell, the difference between the temperature of the test diesel engine lubricating oil, cooling filter, air-cooled diesel engine gas and battery suspension (when the battery does not need to be kept warm and is used at the same ambient temperature as the diesel engine) and the test environment temperature is within the range of ±1.0K. It is considered that the test diesel engine has reached thermal equilibrium with the environment. 5.64 Holding time
is calculated from the time when the temperature reaches the average value. Generally, the starting test can only be carried out after the temperature is kept at a level above the average value. 5.(.5 Under natural environment, the test engine should be placed in a natural environment without sunlight for more than 12 hours, and then select a suitable temperature point for testing, and make the lubricant, fuel, and cold plate temperature close to the ambient temperature, but not subject to the restrictions specified in 5.6.3: 5.(There is no regulation on the wind direction and wind speed under test conditions: The temperature conditions under the test environment: cooling, temperature maintenance process, cooling rate, over-control situation, all should be recorded by temperature automatic recording. For the effective use of space and indoor simulated natural blowing and wind speed under natural environment test cases, all sections should be recorded.
6 Test method
6.1 The diesel engine starting process is divided into four sections (see Figure 1) 6.1.1 Pre-action stage: refers to the pre-operation before starting the engine to prepare for starting (such as preheating reverse air, injection start 3
1B/T9773.1—1999
The first dynamic stage is the period from the start of the operation to the start of rotation from the shaft excitation; the time it takes is the action time, 6.1.2 Starting stage: refers to the period from the diesel engine crankshaft starting to rotate by external drag until the engine runs on its own and the speed continues to rise: the time it takes is the starting time, 6.1.3 Stable stage; refers to the period from the start of rotation to the stage of stable operation after starting: the time it takes is the stable time, in this stage, all starting auxiliary measures are allowed to continue working: the mark of reaching the normal operation: all auxiliary measures except the starting heater and the electrical insulation box are stopped, and all diesel engines are fully powered; this can be Install a temperature sensor at the exhaust port of each cylinder of the engine to measure the temperature. The temperature below 50K after each test is not too low. If there is oil, the reverse recording curve can be used for judgment: 6.1.4 Start-up stage: It refers to the period when the engine is running stably, and the speed is between 50%-75% of the rated value, and the engine can be jacked up until the core can be added. It is roughly the starting stage, and the time spent is the jacking time. During the jacking period, low humidity starting can be unified as 1 6.1.5 Start-up time: The start-up time is the sum of the start-up time and the set time. Pre-action stage
Speed rienin
Set pure temperature
Start fast
Pre-time
Lang internal time
Start-up time
Sense stage
Strong set time
Play or
Virtual machine positive section
To exceed the fixed speed
50%-15%2.F
Time
Engine;
Limit: Diesel start test section diagram 6.2 The test engine should enter the environmental test room or test center after it is ready as specified in Section 5. Install the instrumentation, transmission connection lines and exhaust pipes of the engine and test reagents 6.3 When the test is carried out in the environmental test room, the remaining muffler of the diesel engine shall be removed, and an air control pipeline shall be installed to lead the heated air from the low-temperature start of the diesel engine to the outside. The manual pressure of the exhaust gas with non-cylinder pipeline shall not exceed 4900Pa during the start-up test. Its connection barrier shall be tight. The nitrogen concentration in the test shall not exceed 51, and the liquid content of CO2 shall not exceed 50×10-6.4 During the test, termination or replacement of parts and performance is not allowed. 6.5 The operation of the engine start test should be consistent with the actual use. The principle is that one person should operate the engine in three hours (when auxiliary measures are used, additional measures may be taken). 6.6 Starting regulations
JB/T9773.2-1999
6.6.1 Before turning the shaft and starting, all operations related to starting are regarded as preparatory operations, and the action time is recorded.
6.6.2 Starting, the time for turning the crankshaft of the diesel engine is generally: 15s when the test environment temperature is 258K (-15% or less than this temperature; not more than 30s when the test environment temperature is 258K (-15). 6.6.3 Carry out 3 starts at the test temperature, of which 2 should be successful: After each start, the engine should run for a period of time to prove that it has reached stable operation. It can be evaluated as "successful start". If the first two starts are successful, the first start can be skipped. Each When starting for the first time, the jet pump step should be set to the most suitable starting or use. Do not adjust it at will. 6.6.4 If there are 2 unsuccessful starts in 3 starts at each test temperature, it will be evaluated as "unsuccessful start": 6.65 If there is 1 unsuccessful start in 3 starts at the same test temperature, the next start is allowed, but the time is at least the same:
6.6. When measuring the limit temperature, if the start is at a certain test temperature, If the engine fails to start, repeat the test after finding the cause, or change the test temperature and retest. Before starting, use heating or other methods to start the diesel engine and raise it to a stable state. Then follow the provisions of 5.2 for freezing. 6.6. To ensure that each successful start is completed, the process from the start to stable operation should be completed. 6.6.8 When the start is completed, before the next start, the diesel engine must meet the requirements of 3.2. , can start the next time, 6, when the oil is started for the second time or reaches stable operation, the engine test should be carried out. In the engine stage, the test environment temperature should be less than 5K of the test path.
6. When the diesel engine is started, it is connected with the load machinery such as the measuring machine and the air torque device: after the battery and the diesel engine are connected to the minimum temperature point, it is allowed to start at a certain temperature point, and the battery is replaced to carry out the test at another temperature point. The temperature balance should be reached when the battery is tested at this temperature point.
6.9 When the diesel engine is tested at the starting limit temperature without auxiliary measures, at least the following data should be tested and recorded: ambient temperature:
atmospheric pressure!
cooling sludge temperature;
lubricating tear temperature rate;
lubricating tear pressure;
combustion temperature:
starting time:
Starting speed:
Starting flow;
Running speed:
Cylinder head temperature (air-cooled diesel engine):
Battery electrolyte temperature; bzxZ.net
Battery electrolyte specific gravity:
Battery voltage:
6. Test intake temperature of diesel engine equipped with low overflow starting accelerator:
Exhaust flow;
Pre-action time: ||t t||Interval:
Interval:
E
6.10.1 Before starting the diesel engine, first start the low-intensity starting heater. The procedure is in accordance with the provisions of the heater instruction manual. After installing the complete parts: When the temperature of the cooling vent (air-cooled diesel engine cylinder head temperature) reaches 313K (+40), start the diesel engine. 6.10.2 The high-temperature starting heater is free to work until the end of the planned stage. 6.13 Measuring point: In addition to recording according to the provisions of 6.9, also record the relative heat difference of the combustion heater time:
b The electric heating decay working time of the heater:
c) The heater 1 time (by the start timer); the temperature change of the coolant during the heating process (if the lubricating oil is heated, the lubricating oil temperature will be released at the same time) is recorded every 2-3 minutes! 5 times: tt||JBT97732-199
) When the temperature rises to 1 () with the flow rate of calcium, record the temperature rises to 353K10) or the engine cooling temperature rises to 28 (.10%). 6.11 Test of diesel engine with intake preheating plug
6.11.! The operation of intake preheating shall be carried out according to the provisions of the instruction manual. 6.11.2 The intake preheating program shall be allowed to work until the diesel engine starts to run stably. 6.11.3 Special test record contents, in addition to the provisions of 6.9, the changes of intake temperature every year shall also be measured. 6.12. In addition to the records in accordance with 6.9, the test contents of diesel engines equipped with combustion chamber electric heating shall also record the working time of the electric heating rate, and the heating rate is allowed to be turned off once the oil is turned off, and the stable operation stage after starting shall be taken as the test result. (13. In the test of diesel engines equipped with starting liquid injection device, the starting and starting shall be carried out according to the provisions of the instruction manual, and the injection volume and number of items shall be recorded each time. During the starting test, the oil pressure curve and the speed change shall also be measured. 6.14. When the engine is equipped with starting auxiliary equipment, the starting and starting auxiliary equipment can be carried out according to the provisions of the instruction manual. The test plan can be adjusted according to 6.9-6.13. Please note that the air preheating device cannot be used at the same time. 6.15 When starting or testing, the decompression mechanism is operated to decompress and start the engine. Enter the starting stage: before this stage, any operation is delayed operation: the rest are carried out in accordance with this standard. 6.16 Starting test of gasoline starter engine After the engine starts, the oil output shaft is driven to rotate efficiently, that is, entering the starting stage, any operation before the engine stops (including the period of gasoline starter engine running automatically) is a pre-start operation, and the rest are carried out in accordance with this standard. 17 Pressure air starting test
The starting operation can be carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. FI/T9773.2-1999
(Appendix to the standard)
Starting limit temperature display method
A1 The starting limit temperature of the oil dyeing machine without any starting auxiliary measures is 263K (-10℃): then it is expressed as: Starting limit temperature 263K (-[0)
A2 If the starting limit temperature of the oil dyeing machine equipped with a combustion air glow plug is 263K (-10), it is expressed as: Starting limit temperature (glow plug) 263 K (-10%) The starting limit temperature of the diesel engine without any starting auxiliary measures is 23K (-10%℃). The starting limit temperature when equipped with intake preheat plug is 253K (-20%). It can be expressed as: Starting limit temperature 263K (-10%)
(intake preheat) 253K20)
44 The starting limit temperature of the diesel engine without any starting auxiliary measures is 263K1-1. If equipped with heating, it can start at 233K! -40", it can be expressed as: Starting limit temperature 263K (-10%)
[Heater] 233K (-40)
AS If the diesel engine is equipped with several starting measures at the same time, the starting limit temperatures should be listed in the same time. B1 Instrumentation preparation is shown in Table B1.
Test station content
Oil smoothness
Cooling temperature
Fuel push monitoring degree
Ring wall damage degree
Thrust energy
Intake disc degree
Cylinder head smoothness
Starting resistance to electrowashing, voltage, rotation,
Electrolyte fullness
Electrolyte ratio ||tt| |Combustion chamber pressure
Atmospheric pressure
Pressure difference
JB./T9773.2—1999
Appendix B
(Standard annex)
Preparation of receiving meter
Chuzhou Jun meter
Temperature sensor Chicken power grid
Degree display meter
Reflection sensor and record
Eight-standard oscilloscope||tt ||Six selectors
Corresponding sensors
Glass mixture meter
Glass density meter
Output sensor
Water pressure rise
U-tube
Transfer table
Digital speed position
Wine most leisure
223-373K
(-50~1100℃)
22 3~1073K
[-50-+800℃]
223-323K
(-30-+0C
[-5D-+300'C]
223-323K
50-150%℃
0-340h/man
1% to new
1% of full amount
± Ir/rnn
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