JB/T 6982-1993 Acoustics - Criteria for measurement and evaluation of noise exposure in working environments
Some standard content:
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T 698293
Acoustics-
Measurement and evaluation criteria for noise exposure in the working environment
1993-(07-27 Issued by
Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China
1994-07-01 Implementation
1 Subject and applicable provisions
Cited standards
4 Quantity
5 Method for evaluating the impact of operating noise
Appendix A Calculation method and application of evaluation noise (supplementary) Appendix B Sample measurement method (supplementary)
Appendix C Group transient noise exposure level (supplementary) Appendix D Example of calculating equivalent A sound level (supplementary)
Appendix E Evaluation of the impact of transient noise on human body, work efficiency, etc. (transformation (1)
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Acoustics I Measurement and evaluation criteria for noise levels in working environments
JBT98293
This standard is equivalent to the international standard 1509612 Basic principles for acoustic measurement and evaluation of human exposure to noise in working environments 2 This standard provides basic measurement methods for evaluating the impact of working environments on people and whether the noise environment meets relevant standards. Noise not only has a direct impact on the health and mood of workers, but also has a significant impact on their safety and work efficiency. Appendix E briefly describes the various impacts of working conditions on people. 1 Content and scope of application
This standard specifies the sound pressure level measurement method, sound pressure level measurement Location, sampling method based on noise limit, frequency analysis and noise source sustainability, etc., the relevant departments can determine the noise value in the working environment and evaluate the working environment through on-site measurement, analysis and calculation:
This standard does not apply to the specified working environment and noise limit 2 Reference standards
GH3241
GB3358
GB3785
GB3947
GB/T13325
GE/T14366
JJG176
JJG6UU
3 Terminology
3.1 Odd-band voltage level| |tt||1/1 and 1/3 times the noise level meter used for noise and motion analysis. Statistical names and symbols.|tt||Electrical and acoustic performance and test methods of sound level meters. Scientific terms.|tt||Noise emitted by machines and equipment.|tt||Basic principles for noise level measurement at operating positions (engineering level). Occupational noise measurement and noise-induced hearing evaluation. Verification procedures for integrating sound level meters.|tt||Usually the reference sound pressure is 20Pa. The width of the section is 1 times the frequency band pressure level. 3.2 Perceived noise level Le
According to the tester, it is the sound pressure of the sound of the same frequency band with a center frequency of 1000H. 3.3 Sound volume -1
In the specified measurement time or basic sound condition, the time integral value of the same pressure level is called the noise exposure volume. 3.4 Product level 1.n
Within a specified test time or a certain channel, the total weighted sound square, the integral and the basic sound, k (2CuFa) the product of the standard duration (1>: 1U as the base for the effective 10 times expressed. 3.5 Permanent hearing loss (NTPTS)
Due to the long-term working environment of the irreversible hearing loss caused by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 1927
1994-07-01
3.6 Temporary hearing loss (NITTS)
IH.T6982 -9J
The workers will raise the sound pressure level in the three-ring network, and the sound pressure level can be fully restored by itself, which is called intelligent time hearing.
3.7 The standard time interval T
is a working scale for measuring the equivalent inverse A sound level. Usually 6 is used as the standard. 3.8 The measurement time interval
is determined by the working day time and the measurement duration. 3.9 The evaluation level 1ar.T
A weighted sound pressure level is determined by the peak value of the sound received, the sum of the values of the corresponding factors such as the fluctuation time along the characteristic part is marked as the half-value sound pressure level
Note, the requirements used in the text are strictly adopted In addition to the reference standard, it is also urgent to serve the following 3 and electrical standards for the strict dictionary, 4 measurement
41 measuring instruments
4.1.. Lu level film
sound paper meter measurement rate at least meet the requirements of GB37B5 type I only, 4.1.2 frequency supply card and 1/3 times the full frequency range and 1 borrow the standard of this instrument performance is full of GB321 requirements, with the standard center frequency should meet the standard B, 4.1.3 calibration
high-frequency calibration instrument should be JG17 requirements, each time the calibration work is recommended to be one and each on-site measurement should be carried out before and after. According to the standard indication, check and 4.2 Measurement method
4.3.1 Overview
The noise in the working environment should include machine noise and ambient noise. The tester shall analyze the occurrence frequency, type, cause and other contents of the noise source in detail.
During the measurement, the equivalent A sound level is mainly used to calculate the two basic values. Some noises such as talking, telephone ringing, listening sound, etc. shall be deleted during the measurement and shall be included in the test report. Note: When the person under test works in more than one place, the oxygen accumulation during work can be measured at different locations or in the whole vehicle. 4.2.2 Microphone position and measurement direction||t 4.2.2.1 Microphone Position During the measurement, the microphone should be placed at the side of the operator's head at ear level and 1.1m away from the ear. If the microphone is fixed on the operator, it should be placed on the head plate or the ear stand at a distance of less than 0.1m. Note: The microphone should be placed in a convenient position. When operating the instrument or parts, it should be noted that the workpiece should not be disturbed and other products should not cause unsafe conditions. When measuring on site, if the operator specifies special provisions, the position of the measuring instrument should be selected according to the method. Standing posture: The operator should be 1.50 meters in front of the ground. Half capital: The author shall select some half-surface and keep the center F0.50+C.05. 4.2.2.2 Transmission direction
The direction of the sounder is stipulated to be the same as the operator's line of sight. When determining the sound field of the sound source, the time used by the party is not really "right", and the standard time and measurement time are selected according to JEF698293. That is, the working environment contains characteristic noise. The following methods can be used to accumulate the measurement time and the standard working time. The measurement result directly reflects the strong and evil instants in the working environment. The measurement time is reduced to the value of T. The selected measurement time must be the time that can distinguish the characteristic noise of the working environment. The measurement time that can reflect the exposure to noise in the working environment can be selected based on work experience. By comparing the typical sound source resources The time spent in the workplace is determined by collecting and analyzing data, working process, machinery and equipment, site conditions, working environment, etc.
4 If the measured sound pressure level cannot reflect the working environment and sound exposure, it can be determined by measuring the values over several working days. The shortest measurement period should be at least 155, such as during the use period, and the minimum measurement period can be at least one use period. 42.4 Determination of equivalent A-level
During the measurement process, if the fluctuation range of the positive level is within 5, the arithmetic mean of the positive level meter readings is approximately equal to the equivalent user sound level. The measurement time is divided into segments, T, and the sound pressure level of the measurement during the time period is, then the equivalent A-level calculation formula is: X10m1,0)
L-An = 10 lg(
wherein LA.T,
the A-level measured in the first measurement time; T(=>, total time:
the total measurement time is divided into sections.
4.2.5 Normalization of equivalent A-level of standard working port The equivalent A-level of the same measuring agent T: is compared. In most cases, the equivalent A-level of the working time T is normalized to the equivalent A-level of the working time +, which is the normalized equivalent A-level, Lan-9t = Lan-9t + 10 lg
.
--Equivalent point sound level obtained during the measurement time!
T-ah working time
Note: The normalized standard for the operation noise level is 8h working day, and it can also be obtained by the A-weighted daily noise level engineer, using the following formula: E
Daily working noise level
Lue-u -- Lu-I, + l IgT.
--The noise level measured during the measurement time T-, Pt-ri1.15×10-
The reference noise level, Ps, 8
4.2.6 Determination of A-weighted noise level E..1 Use a sound level meter or an integrated level meter to measure mT, and then convert it into the noise level E,. ET, -(PIT,>10ATD
Where, L-,—T, the equivalent A-level sound level of the test disk P.——Accurate sound pressure 20μP.
The measurement time is divided into sections, and the noise exposure in each section is E.+E. Calculate according to the following formula, Far = 4.2.71. When calculating the average daily noise level in a busy week, the daily noise level (L4.) can be calculated according to the following formula: Lrx-10-15 ... lgtls10
form city, the effective
work adjustment certificate monthly noise exposure level integral collection average: one week for the work of the largest number.
4.2.9 Multiple areas in the working environment for rapid testing method 15
The working environment can be divided into many areas. If the difference in the noise level of the individual areas is less than 10%, it is considered that the opposite area is a city, then the representative area is taken for the average, and the comparison is the most reliable value recorded in the noise reduction area. The following areas may appear in the environment: 1
company. Areas with the same working conditions:
b, working areas far away from the sound source.
4.2.10 Body level
JH/T 698293
Calculate the noise level of the group. Each person must be tested. The statistical method of group noise level measurement is given in Appendix CI Supplement.
4.3 Prediction analysis can obtain satisfactory results. Frequency analysis rules are different. When measuring, use the 1/3 filter to perform frequency analysis. Each measurement should be carried out in sequence to avoid analysis errors due to sparseness. 4.4 Noise characteristics
Qualitatively describe the main characteristics of noise in the working environment in the test report to provide quick data for hearing protection and noise control of workers: For example, ±. 4. 7 ~ 1. 1. 3 Example
4.4.1 Night noise caused by hydrogen
Machine equipment related to the operator's work performance: b.
Other equipment in a workshop,
External sound sources: traffic operation, machine operation noise..) Noise type
Machine noise:
Talking sound (audible, small)
Traffic noise.
Noise characteristics
Steady-state noise:
Non-throat
Pulse sound
Broadband sound, narrowband sound:
Low, high-frequency single-band sound.
5 Noise impact assessment method
5. General Principles
The noise level of the working environment can be evaluated using the measurement methods in Chapter 4: Appendix E introduces the various direct and indirect effects of noise on people. 5.2 Noise impact on hearing and hearing protection plan 5.2.1 The main evaluation parameters of noise impact on hearing: 1.81 Working day sound exposure level
bh Working day sound quality evaluation:
d, peak sound pressure level L. ||tt ||These indicators can be used to evaluate the hearing loss and risk estimation: risk estimation uses the sound level, level and frequency analysis.
There are two types of hearing loss: permanent and permanent. Permanent hearing loss is caused by age-related hearing loss (due to aging, hearing loss is caused by age-related hearing loss). The average noise level in the mouth or throat should be obtained by the staff. The percentage of hearing loss, 5.2.2 Hearing protection plan
JB/T 6982
Hearing protection plan should include the testing of hearing, the selection of ear protectors, and the use of technical and administrative measures to reduce the noise exposure of individuals or groups. Based on the first measurement, it can provide experimental evidence for relevant departments to calculate the risk value of noise-induced hearing loss and formulate hearing protection plan details.
5.3 Accuracy level
Specify the purpose of the test and the accuracy level, and adopt the supplementary requirements according to the relevant standards. Oil sample measurement method,
41 Sound level evaluation
JH/[6982-93
Appendix A
Calculation method and application of sound level evaluation
(Supplement)
Evaluate the public's response to noise products, the sound flow is deep and the A sound level after repair is used, ·Correct the reverse value of the solution, the frequency Notch theory, the continuous time is called the excellent earning, the value after compensation is the evaluation grade, the evaluation grade is calculated according to the formula A1: Lx = L -K, + K:
In practice:T
The current example is:
Time.TThe effective sound level within T:bzxZ.net
Pure sound correction value:
K.——Noise correction value
A2 Evaluation level of steady-state noise
In the specified time interval, the main characteristic of the sound source is the steady-state absorption of the main components of the noise. The formula (A1) is converted into an evaluation level. A weighted sound paper such as 5dB(A) correction value. Connect the formula (A2 calculation: L.--L1 5 dBiA)
43 Evaluation level of non-steady-state noise
In the current measurement period, the seven characteristics of the sound are all non-total noise, and the formula (A1) is converted into an evaluation level. The equivalent level L is calculated on the basis of the correction value:
L. = LAn. -5 dB(A)
A4 Long-term evaluation sound level
If the noise level is indeed different from the standard of Appendix B long B1, the long-term evaluation sound can be calculated by the following formula:
L+ - 10 lg-
In the formula, (.)
The specified time interval is the evaluation level: V--the specified time interval is T days.
Method: The measurement interval should be selected according to the noise accumulation and long-term noise level change situation, and the starting point is one week. A5 Average daily noise evaluation sound level L yuan.s
The average value of the H operation noise evaluation sound level within N days is calculated according to the formula (AS>, s
F.:= 10 lg
In the formula: (ara), the first day, the F evaluation sound level; N..
AF Public response to noise
The public response to the noise item is estimated by comparing the evaluation sound level with the indication limit value, see Table A1. A
evaluate your
exceeding the standard limit
JR/T98Z93
public efficiency is reflected on the design
very strongly
sample measurement method
(supplementary science)
its surface team
without detection reaction
in various situations, the old
have to lightly evaluate
strongly some people abandon the proof
this appendix supports the accuracy is divided into 1, 2, 3 levels, the accuracy level depends on the zero beauty of the measuring instrument and the absolute deviation of the measurement result. In the measurement time content, the equivalent level is calculated according to the average sound level. The upper limit value of the credible seat is 1, the corresponding formula (01):
formula, I-
technical equivalent
《J— —Standard recommendation:
Change the 1CO4 percentile
information,
apply Appendix Table C6 to calculate the three limits of the reliability of the species, Table B! The accuracy of the oil filtration results is summarized as follows: |tt||Note: Within the specified time period, the maximum value of each filter pool should be classified according to the state of the filter. 3
1 Scope of application
IB/T6982-93
·Appendix C
Group noise exposure level
Supplement)
This appendix specifies the statistical selection method for the group noise exposure level under the working environment, and details the calculation procedure;
Determine the number of samples
The average group noise exposure level (L.,)
Accuracy of the noise screening level
d, the percentage of people in the sample body whose noise exposure exceeds the limit value (90B) C2 The number of samples for confirmation
Two different test types are specified. 21. When the percentage of people in the group who exceed the standard limit is more than %, and more than 55% of them exceed the standard limit, determine the number of samples to be used in the next step; b. Calculate the noise level of at least three operators to obtain the noise level; c. Calculate the mean value La·empr from Table 1 to Table (4) to obtain the standard number of samples: c.
. If not enough details are obtained, repeat the steps until the requirements are met as shown in Table 1 to Table 4: (2.2) to obtain the average group noise level (FA1-) and the number of samples that exceed the noise limit. The reliability of the noise level is 20dB as follows: a.
At least three operators' noise levels are used to obtain the noise level: Calculate the standard deviation
From Table C5 Determine the sampling target in the test. If the sampling time is not fast enough, continue to step by step until the requirements of Table CE are met. Calculation of C3 noise level comparison The individual noise level of C3 is calculated according to formula (1). jc.x
Lur.+ - 10 Ig[-
Measure the total amount of personal noise exposure level,
LAE·T,/10...The first time the personal noise level is measured, the level should be lowered, C3.2 Group noise exposure level
Group noise exposure level is the arithmetic mean of the recorded energy levels of multiple personal noise measurement devices, calculated by formula 2: 1Larx
4Example
Known: The standard limit value of the workshop in a certain industry is 1
JB/1698293
(2) The percentage of personal noise exposure levels in these rooms that exceed the noise limit value. Solution: (I) Take the personal noise exposure level dBA) S4dBA) dR (A) (CI L: AEX.T-93, 3B(A),-1. 7A) Look up table C1~C4, right (:1) can get the formula =b and then measure the individual monthly noise exposure level is: R7
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