This standard specifies the professional terms for mechanical vibration and shock of the human body and human biodynamics. This standard applies to various fields involving mechanical vibration and shock of the human body, such as scientific research, production, teaching and management in transportation, machinery manufacturing, aviation, aerospace, navigation, life-saving, medical and health, environmental protection and labor protection. GB/T 15619-1995 Terminology for mechanical vibration and shock of the human body GB/T15619-1995 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the professional terms for mechanical vibration and shock of the human body and human biodynamics. This standard applies to various fields involving mechanical vibration and shock of the human body, such as scientific research, production, teaching and management in transportation, machinery manufacturing, aviation, aerospace, navigation, life-saving, medical and health, environmental protection and labor protection.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terminology for human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock
Terminology for human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the professional terms for human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock and human biodynamics GB/T15619--1995
This standard is applicable to various fields involving human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock, such as scientific research, production, teaching and management in transportation, machinery manufacturing, aviation, aerospace, navigation, life-saving, medical and health, environmental protection and labor protection. 2 Reference standards
GB/T2298Terminology for mechanical vibration and shock
3 General terms
3.1 Human exposure to mechanical vibration (or shock) Human body is subjected to mechanical vibration (or shock). Vibration (or shock) criterion3.2
Specify the protection objectives (for example, health, ergonomics or comfort, etc.) of the human body vibration (or shock) limits (see 6.2 for the definition of limits) or boundaries (see 6.3 for the definition of boundaries).
-Generally, the ratio or percentage of the protected population should be specified. 3.3 Vibration intensityvibrationintensityUse a peak value, root mean square value or other value or a group of values ​​that describe the magnitude of the human body vibration environment. It is applicable to instantaneous data or averaged data. The basic quantity that describes the intensity of the human body vibration environment is acceleration, with the unit of m/s2. In physiology, vibration intensity is often expressed in g as the unit of acceleration. When this unit is involved, the international standard gravity acceleration value g (g=9.80665m/s) should be used for unit conversion. 3.4 Vibration rating
In biodynamics, a subjective assessment of the intensity (see 3.52 of GB/T2298 for the definition of vibration intensity) or strength of human vibration exposure is made using an assessment scale or a corresponding numerical instrument, which is obtained based on psychological test methods. 3.5 Ride characteristics
In a vehicle, the measurable motion environment (including vibration, shock, continuous linear acceleration and rotational acceleration or noise related thereto) to which passengers are subjected.
3.6 Building vibration (or shock) Building vibration (or shock) Mechanical vibration (or shock) of a building, bridge or other fixed structure that affects or is felt or perceived by the human body. 3.7 Footfall
Mechanical vibration, shock or noise generated by people walking in a building. 3.8 Self-applied vibration Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 12, 1995 and implemented on May 1, 1996
GB/T15619—1995
Mechanical vibration applied to one’s own body for the purpose of treatment, rehabilitation, entertainment or comfort. 3.9 Self-induced vibration In biodynamics, the vibration or oscillatory movement of the body caused by muscle activity (e.g., walking, dancing, shaking) or involuntary activity of organs (e.g., heart beating, neuromuscular tremor). 0 Local vibrator limh vibrator; scgmental vibrator 3.10
Vibration machinery (usually small machinery) that applies vibration locally to a person’s limbs or other parts for experimental or therapeutic purposes.
3.11 Indirect vibration Indirect vibration Mechanical vibration that affects a person without touching the body (e.g., visible vibration of an object in the field of vision). 3.12 Vibratory cammunication Vibration signals encoded by parts or other parameters act on the body mechanically or electrically and are transmitted to the human body through vibrotactile receptors.
4 Biodynamics Terminology
4.1 Biodynamics
The science of the physical, biological, mechanical (inertial) properties and response characteristics of the tissues, organs, components and systems of the human body or a simulated body of a human. It includes exobiodynamics (for external forces or motion) and endobiodynamics (related to the mechanical activities of the body).
basicentric coordinate system4.2 Reference coordinate system
A right-handed orthogonal coordinate system whose origin is located at (or relative to) a point on a contact surface or structure (e.g., the floor of a vehicle) and from which the mechanical vibration (or shock) is considered to be transmitted to the human body. 4.3 Anatomical coordinate system The right-handed orthogonal coordinate system commonly used in biodynamics, with its origin located in the human body or a human simulation, and with directions defined by fixed (skeletal) anatomic landmarks. The body part corresponding to the defined anatomical coordinate system should be indicated in brackets. For example, "anatomical coordinate system (hand)", "anatomical coordinate system (head)", etc. When the body direction and posture change, the coordinate system will move with the body part. 4.4 Contact surface The surface or interface through which mechanical vibration (or shock) is transmitted to the human body or a human simulation. In general, the main mechanical driving point of the vibration or shock motion should be considered to be located at the center of the plane of the contact surface. 4.5 Whole-body vibration (or shock) Mechanical vibration (or shock) transmitted to the whole body, usually transmitted through the area where the body contacts the support surface (which is subject to vibration or shock motion) (such as the buttocks, the bottom of the feet, and the back in the supine position). Commonly abbreviated WBV.
4.6 Whole-body vibration (or shock) exposure whole-body vibration (or shock) exposure The human body is subjected to mechanical vibration (or shock) transmitted to the entire body. Whole-body vibration (or shock) environment whole-body vibration (or shock) environment 4.7
Vibration (or shock) conditions acting on the entire body through the contact surface supporting the body. 4.8 Hand-arm system hand-arm system
The upper limb of a person as a vibration (or shock) receiver. 4.9 Segmental vibration (or shock) Mechanical vibration (or shock) applied to or transmitted to a specific part or area of ​​the human body (such as the arm system or the head) rather than applying mechanical vibration (or shock) to the whole body.
4.10 Hand-transmitted vibration (or shock); hand-arm vibration (or shock) 672
GB/T15619-1995
Mechanical vibration (or shock) applied to or transmitted to the arm system, usually transmitted through the palm or fingers holding tools and parts.
Common abbreviation HTV.
4.11 Hand-arm mechanical impedance hand-arm mechanical irpedancc; hand arm impedance The ratio of the force phase to the velocity phase measured at a certain vibration point of the arm system. If not otherwise specified, it refers to the mechanical driving point impedance of the arm system (see 2.38 of GB/T2298 for definition). Impedance is usually expressed as a function of the harmonic vibration frequency, in units of N·s/m. If it refers to the transmission impedance of the arm system (see 2.39 of GB/T2298 for definition), it should be stated separately.
4.12 Human impact
The process in which the human body is subjected to transient stimulation, causing its motion state to change suddenly (the meaning of "sudden change" is in (4.1 of G13/T2298).
It means a sufficiently strong impact stimulation to the human body in a single event (for example, such an event caused by an accident or military action) that causes pain, injury or significant physiological distress. 4.13 dummy; manikin
· An experimental device or mechanical model that simulates the human body and can simulate or simulate anthropometric characteristics, limb kinematic characteristics or human dynamic characteristics.
The purpose or nature of the dummy should be indicated by a qualifier, such as anthropometric dummy, limb kinematic dummy, human dynamic dummy. 4.14 human analogue; human analogue model In biodynamics, a model or substitute that dynamically represents the specific inertial properties of the human body. A human analogue can be an animal that simulates the main anatomical features of the human body and the inertial response to mechanical vibration and shock: it can also be a mechanical dummy or a mathematical model of the dynamic or kinematic response of the human body, including computer simulation. 4.15 reference pasture In biodynamics, a nominal orientation and posture of the body when the body is the recipient of whole-body mechanical vibration (or shock).
4.16 recumbent
A reference posture in biodynamics. In this position, the body's 2 axes defined by the anatomical coordinate system (pelvis) are rotated from the vertical position about the coordinate origin in any direction (e.g. supine, side-lying or prone) to an angle between 75° and 90°.
4.17 Scating position
A reference position in biodynamics. In this position, the body supported by the hip contact surface is rotated from the geometric center or nominal vertical position about the coordinate origin by the body's Z axis defined by the anatomical coordinate system (pelvis) to an angle between 15° forward and 15° backward.
4.18 Rcclining
A reference position in biodynamics between the sitting position and the supine position. In this position, the body's 7 axes are rotated from the geometric center or nominal vertical position about the coordinate origin to an angle between 15° and 75° backward. 4.19 Grip force
The force exerted by the operator's hand on a hand-held tool or workpiece that produces vibration or impact. Pushing force
The force exerted by the operator's hand on the handle or other part of a tool or workpiece that produces vibration or impact to guide or propel it. 4.21 Equivalent torque In biodynamics, it is equivalent to the torque generated between anatomical parts, which is coordinated with the mass distribution of these parts, the joint positions between the parts, and the movement of the parts. 73
5 Terminology of the effects of mechanical vibration or shock on the human body GB/T15619—1995
5.1 X-axis vibration (or shock) Mechanical vibration (or shock) acting along the back of the chest of the human body or a simulated body of a human body, applicable to whole-body vibration. In the right-handed orthogonal coordinate system, the X-axis direction is from the back of the body to the chest. 5.2Y-axis vibration (or shock)Yaxis vibration (or shock) is a mechanical vibration (or shock) acting laterally along the human body or a simulated body of a human being, applicable to whole-body vibration. In a right-handed orthogonal coordinate system, the Y-axis direction is from the right side of the body to the left side. 5.3Z-axis vibration (or shock)Z-axis vibration (or shock) is a mechanical vibration (or shock) acting in the head-to-foot direction (or head-to-hip direction) of the human body or a simulated body of a human being, applicable to whole-body vibration. In a right-handed orthogonal coordinate system, the Z-axis direction is from the feet or hips to the head. 5.4Roll
Rotation around the X-axis of the vehicle reference coordinate system. 5.5Pitch
Rotation around the Y-axis of the vehicle reference coordinate system. 5.6Yaw
Rotation around the Z-axis of the vehicle reference coordinate system. 5.7
Multi-axis vibration (or shock) Mechanical vibration (or shock) acting on the body in more than one direction or around multiple axes at the same time. 5.8 Burst
A series of discrete but short-lasting speed changes on the human body or its local driving point. Typical burst vibrations include quasi-harmonic vibrations with exponentially decaying amplitudes that appear after the impact input of a resonant system of the human body; or vibrations with a spindle-shaped amplitude envelope (for example, bridge deck vibrations excited by the passage of heavy vehicles); or a short-term random vibration (such as the response of an aircraft to isolated gusts of air turbulence, or the response of a ship to a collision, etc.). 5.9 Repetitive shock; repeated shock In biodynamics, a series of short (less than 1s) impact movements or bursts of quasi-steady-state vibrations that affect the human body. Regular or repetitive shocks that often occur more than once per second can be regarded as a continuous vibration. 5.10 Impulsive vibration In biodynamics, when the duration of each impact and the interval between impacts are shorter than the natural transient response or natural vibration period of the stimulated person, the quasi-steady-state vibration or continuous transient vibration generated by fast repetitive impact motion. The hand-transmitted vibration with strong periodicity generated by hand-held reciprocating power tools is generally considered as impulsive vibration. 5.11 Exposure time
The actual or equivalent (calculated according to a certain standard method) duration of mechanical vibration (or repetitive impact) acting on the body. The total exposure time refers to the duration of human exposure to vibration during the working day. For a type of vibration that is intermittent, interrupted and/or has different intensities, its equivalent total exposure time can be calculated. 5.12 Intermittent exposure - interrupted exposure; discontinuous exposure Human quasi-steady-state vibration or continuous vibration exposure interrupted by vibration-free periods with a certain time course (number of occurrences and duration) (usually occurs in occupational hand-transmitted vibration). This interruption is mandatory or electronically controlled. 5.13 Intermittent vibration Intermittent vibration Repeated continuous vibration separated by vibration pauses, or vibration levels below the human perception threshold and interference threshold, or by significant changes in the vibration level (or its characteristics) during the intervals. The intervals are usually irregular.
5.14 Long-duration vibration exposure (or repetitive shock exposure) long-duration vibration exposure (or repetitive shock exposure) GB/T 15619-. 1995
In biodynamics, continuous vibration (or repetitive shock) acting on the human body and lasting for more than 1 hour 5.15 Weighted acceleration (level) weighted Acceleration (level) In biodynamics, a value or group of values ​​of vibration acceleration or repetitive shock acceleration that affects the human body. This value is obtained through a certain calculation method or signal processing that reflects the human response characteristics, and is a function of vibration frequency or exposure time. When the word "level" is included in the term, it means referring to a standard vibration acceleration level. 6 Terms for human vibration or shock response
6.1 Vibration (or shock) tolerance vibration (or shock) tolerance The maximum intensity or severity of mechanical vibration (or shock) that an individual or group can tolerate on average according to a specific vibration (or shock) criterion.
6.2 Vibration (or shock) limit vibration (or shock) limit Quantitatively expresses the maximum intensity or severity of mechanical vibration (or shock) recommended for human body according to a specified criterion (for example, when the criterion is to prevent injury or disease, that is, the safe exposure limit). The standard limit should usually specify the evaluation method of human response and even give a dose-response relationship. 6.3 Vibration (or shock) limit vibration (or shock) limit Shock) boundary is the maximum intensity or severity of mechanical vibration (or shock) recommended for human body according to the specified criteria (except the criteria for protecting physical health or safety). It is one of the vibration or shock) limits. Exceeding this limit will cause the reduction of the target guaranteed by the criterion. 6.4 Equal vibration sensation curve cqualvibrationsensationcontoun vibration values ​​with the same vibration sensation, expressed as a function of vibration frequency. 6.5 Comfort comfort
In biodynamics, the human body is in a good subjective state in the vibration (or repetitive shock) environment to which it is exposed, and there are no factors that make people feel distressed or uneasy physically or psychologically.
6.6 Reduced comfort boundary The vibration parameter limit that maintains human comfort. Exceeding this limit will cause reduced comfort. 6.7 Fatigue and (or) decreased proficicncy In biodynamics, fatigue and (or) decreased human activity or work efficiency caused by mechanical vibration (or impact). Fatigue and (or) decreased proficiency boundary 6.8
The vibration parameter limit that maintains human work efficiency or activity. Exceeding this limit will cause fatigue and (or) decreased proficiency 6.9
Exposure limit
The vibration parameter limit that ensures physical health or safety. Exceeding this limit may cause physical injury or endanger life safety. 6.10 Ride quality
In transportation, the overall subjective feeling of the passengers or operators on a single journey or multiple journeys of the sports environment and related factors, and evaluate it as a degree of comfort or discomfort. 6.11 vibration white finger; occupational Raynaud's A disorder of blood flow to the skin of the fingers that occurs in some workers exposed to vibration from hand-held power tools or workpieces. The characteristic symptom of this disorder is a well-defined localized whitening of the skin of the fingers accompanied by numbness when the hands or the whole body are exposed to cold. It usually continues as long as the precipitating factor is present and may gradually develop. After a latent period after the initial exposure, the typical symptoms of the disorder will appear in one or more fingers. The distribution of these fingers generally corresponds to the strongest vibration exposure, and the greater the exposure dose, the more fingers are affected.
Commonly abbreviated VWF. Synonym: occupational Raynaud's disease. 2 hand-arm vibration syndrome hand-arm vibration syndrome 6.12
A group of symptoms that occur in some workers using hand-held vibrating tools, which symptoms may not be caused by vibration alone. These symptoms include: (1) disturbance of blood circulation in the skin of the fingers, i.e., Raynaud's sign; (2) disturbance of nerve activity in the hand or forearm (pain, paresthesia, increased sensory threshold of the hand); (3) motor disorders (pain and weakness in the hand and forearm, occasionally arthritis of the elbow and wrist).
motionsickness;kinetosis
6. 13 Motion sickness
Nausea, vomiting, or discomfort induced by actual or perceived low-frequency passive movement of the body, usually preceded by various premonitory symptoms and followed by clinical symptoms of the autonomic nervous system. 6.14 Motion sickness incidence The rate of motion sickness (usually characterized by obvious vomiting) in a population under specific conditions that induce the disease, expressed as a percentage.
Common abbreviation: MSI.
sopitesyndrome
Excessive sleepiness, fatigue, or drowsy distraction caused by vibration, low-frequency oscillatory motion, or general travel stress.
6.16 latent interval; the time between exposure to a source of pollution and the first onset of symptoms related to exposure, which may range from a few weeks to many years.
6.17 habituation
In biodynamics, the weakening or suppression of the psychophysiological response of the human body to motion, vibration, or shock (e.g., motion sickness) due to continuous or repetitive exposure.
6.18 vibroacoustichabitability The degree to which the human body can tolerate the combined adverse conditions of noise and mechanical vibration when living in a large vehicle or structure for many consecutive or continuous periods of time.
Vibroacoustic suitability can be evaluated based on criteria such as subjective distress, interference with human mobility or work performance, occupational safety and health, or various combinations of these aspects. 676
Exposure time
Exposure limit-
Reference posture
Long-term repetitive shock exposure
Long-term vibration exposure
Carrying quality
Carrying characteristics
Repetitive shock·
Burst·
Equivalent moment
Equi-vibration sensation curve
Multi-axial vibration (or shock),
X-axis vibration (or shock)
Pitch·
Sleeping syndrome
Weighted acceleration (level)
Reference coordinate system·
Intermittent exposure
Indirect vibration
Intermittent vibration
GB/T15619..-. 995
Appendix A
Chinese index
(Supplement)
Building vibration (or shock)
Anatomical coordinate system
Contact surface·
Grip force
Local vibration (or shock)
Local vibrator
Footfall sound
Impulsive vibration
Fatigue and (or) proficiency reduction
Fatigue and (or) proficiency reduction limit·
Latency periodbZxz.net
Whole body vibration (or shock)
Whole body vibration (or shock) exposure·
Whole body vibration (or shock) )environment
Human simulated body
Human impact
Human mechanical vibration (or shock)
Biodynamics
Hand-transmitted vibration or shock)
Arm mechanical impedance
Arm system·
Hand-arm vibration syndrome
Comfort·
Comfort reduction limit·
Pushing force
Y-axis vibration (or shock)
Cambing police
Leaning posture
Motion sickness
Motion sickness incidence
Z-axis vibration (or shock)
anatomical coordinate systembasicentric coordinate systemhiodynamics
huilding vibration (or shock)burst
tomfort
conlacl surfa
discontinuous exposure
equal vibration sensation contour678
GB/T15619—1995
Vibration (or shock) limit··
Vibration (or shock) tolerance-
Vibration (or shock) limit·
Vibration (or shock) rules·
Vibration assessment·
Vibration intensity
Vibration acoustic adaptability
Vibration white finger
Vibration transmission
Occupational Raynaud's disease
Self-induced vibration
Self-applied vibration·
Appendix B
English index
(supplement)
equivalent torque
Exposure limit
Exposure time
fatigue/decreased proficicncyfatigue/decreased proficiency boundaryfootfall
grip force
habituatior
hand-arm impedance
hand-arm mechanical impedancehand-arm system
hand-arm vibration (or shock).hand-arm vibration syndrome
hand-transmitted vibration (or shock)human analogue
human analogue model
GB/T15619—1995
tt||human exposure to mechanical vibration (or shock)human impact ......
impulsive vibration
indirect vibration
intermittent vibration
interrupted exposur|| tt||kinetosis
latent interval .
latent period
long-duration repetitive shock exposurelong-duration vibration exposurlimh vibrator
manikin
motion sickness|| tt||motion sickness incidence
multi-axis vibration (or shock)occupational Raynaud's
pushing force
reclining
recumbent
reduced comfort boundary
reference posture
repeated shock
repetitive shock
ride quality| |tt||seating position
segmcntal vibration (or shock)scgmental vibrator
self-applied vibration
seif-induced vibration
sopite syndrome
vibration (or shock)boundaryvibratory communication
vibration (or shock) criterionvibration intensity
vibration (or shock) limit
vibration rating ..
vibration (or shock) tolerancvibration white finger
vibroacoustic habitability
wtighted acceleration
GB/T 15619
center
weighted acceleration level
whole-body vibration (or shock)GB/T 15619—1995
whole-body vibration (or shock) environmentwholc-body vibration (or shock) exposurex
X axis vibration (or shock).......Y
Y axis vibration (or shock)| |tt||Z axis vibration (or shock)
Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Technical Supervision. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Mechanical Vibration and Shock Standardization. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Aerospace The Institute of Medical Engineering was responsible for drafting. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Jianzhong and Yang Yanlu. 5.15
..*.*.. 5. 1Y
Y axis vibration (or shock)
Z axis vibration (or shock)
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Technical Supervision. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Mechanical Vibration and Shock Standardization. This standard was drafted by the Institute of Aerospace Medicine and Engineering. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Jianzhong and Yang Yanlu. 5.15
..*.*.. 5. 1Y
Y axis vibration (or shock)
Z axis vibration (or shock)
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Technical Supervision. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Mechanical Vibration and Shock Standardization. This standard was drafted by the Institute of Aerospace Medicine and Engineering. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Jianzhong and Yang Yanlu. 5.15
..*.*.. 5. 1
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