GB 15735-2004 Safety and sanitation requirements for metal heat treatment production processes
Some standard content:
ICS25.200
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GR157352004
Replaces GB15735—1995
Requirements for the safety and health in production processufmetalheattreatmtnt
Published on June 9, 2004
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implemented on November 1, 2004
GE15735—2004
Specification sheet
Definition and suffix
4 Hazardous and harmful factors in heat treatment production Heat treatment shop and working environment|| tt||5 In-process materials and residual materials
Production equipment
Heat treatment 1 Process operation
3 Safety, production technology implementation
10 Safety and health management measures.
GB15735-2004
This standard is a revision of the safety and health requirements of GB15735-1905 gold processing production process. The above content will be revised and verified. The contents of the above table will be included in the table 4. Table 5 and the table of the B rate are recommended as the internal zeros. The rest of the content It is mandatory. According to the requirements of GT/T1.1--20 Guidelines for Standardization Part 1: Rules for Writing Standards, this standard has made corresponding changes in structure, format and literary expression, such as the cover; the second foreword: - Change "reference standard" to "normative reference document", check the names of rarely used standards - Change "normative text" to "terms and terms" The date of implementation of this standard is G15751S5 Enterprise Heat Treatment Production Safety This standard is issued and coordinated by the National Technical Committee for Heat Treatment Standardization. The main reform units of this standard: Beiyi Electromechanical Research Institute, Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd., No. 1 Automotive Heat Treatment Plant, Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute, Dashen City Heat Treatment Research Institute: Drafters of this standard: Dongfang, Liao Lan, Cheng Zongyang, Li Qiangu, Zhou Tian, Shi Xingsi: I
1 Standard
Safety and Health Requirements for Metal Heat Treatment Production Process This standard specifies the general technical requirements for safety and health in the heat treatment production process. GD 15735—2004
This standard is applicable to heat treatment products, and provides technical support for heat treatment production and new product development, technology introduction, long-term planning, factory design and technical transformation related to heat treatment production. The sanitation in the standard refers to the sanitation technology and organizational management in the heat treatment production process. The heat treatment in this standard refers to the heat treatment of metal alloys and their products. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard: All references with a date, all the documents (excluding errata) or original versions thereof are not applicable to this standard, but the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated referenced documents, the latest version shall apply to this standard. G2594-1996 Safety Standard (IEC 3864-1984) GB/T 4051-1953 Guidelines for Safety Design of Electrical Equipment GB5083-1984 General Principles for Safety Design of Production Equipment R5953.1-1986 Safety of Electric Heating Equipment Part 1: General Requirements (IEC 511-1104) GF959.4-1984 Safety of Electric Heating Equipment Part 4: General Requirements for Electric Furnaces (IEC 519-2: [S75]) GB/T 6567-1988 Safety Regulations for Cranes (IEC 519-3: [S75]) 52-132:1975)B5978—1996 Comprehensive sewage discharge standard
GB078-1 Standard for atmospheric pollutants emitted by industrial furnaces (E/T12:1G7.41988 Technical conditions for water-based heating equipment GB/T1:651—1989 Specification for the selection of labor protection products GB12348—1990 Standard for pollution control at factory boundaries of industrial enterprises UK/T12349-1390 Noise measurement method at factory boundaries of industrial enterprises CB12301—1990 General requirements for safety and health in production JB/T5073—1391 Limit values of green substances in the air of heat treatment workshops JI3/T $052—1939
General provisions for the management of hazardous substances in heat treatment 3 Definitions and terms
Hazard factors
Factors that can cause injury or death to an object or cause damage to the object. 3.2
Harmrol factors
Factors that can affect a person's physical and mental health, cause diseases (including occupational diseases), or cause permanent environmental damage to the object. 3.3
Production materials
Raw materials, raw materials, and semi-finished products required for production. 1
CB 15735-2004
wastemalerials
Waste materials generated during the production process, including gaseous, pressurized materials, 3.5
Production equipment, facilities, machinery, instruments and other information required for production, 4 Hazardous factors and harmful factors in heat treatment production 4.1 Common hazardous factors in heat treatment production
Common hazardous factors in heat treatment production include: inflammable materials, suspended explosive materials, volatile materials, high pressure discharge, hot objects and corrosive materials, refrigeration, falling objects, etc. Their sources and hazard levels are shown in Table 1. 1. Common hazardous solids in heat treatment production 1. Fire and tempering oil 2. Organic materials 3. Toxic substances 4. High-pressure boiler 5. Flowing materials and controlled gases, mainly coal, kerosene, ethylene, nylon, natural gas, butane, liquefied gas, charcoal furnace gas, hydrogen, etc. Solid paint heat-absorbing dust 3. Rapid fuel, oxygen 1. Fire-breaking gas and quick-acting gas t||, pressurized gas cylinders, gas storage peaks
1. Liquid parts, that is, raw materials and exhaust gases used in the travel and gas beauty ratio sodium oxide, potassium phosphate, sealant
2, physical objects, a chemical
3. The, Asia please
three, high frequency charge
2, medium frequency band equipment
3. A stream of industrial electricity
1, blast furnace
2, double thermal fire and its tools
woven objects to improve the disease constant material 7, potential oil, melting point beam
rubber, salt rubber, rubber, twisted sodium , oxygen reduction agent
located on objects or objects entering the mountain
Jialiyin Ten Ice Wine Precision Compound, implementation
1.1. Piece shipment, lifting
2. Workpieces are purchased directly, etc.
3. Workpiece source secret
4.2 Common factors in heat treatment production
Hazards to health
Oil temperature out of control, over-ignition point, magnetic energy, product list, fire
2. There are two marked bodies that are quickly disassembled and gas fuels are out of the fire. 1. Pad the water to increase the explosion: nitrate salt can pass 200 % of the European and American elements, inflammation, grease, that is, the explosion of screw screws 2, the concentration of fuel gas and inflammatory powder in the air reaches a certain value quickly, the gas concentration is too high or the environment is too small, we must be careful not to increase the quality of the workpiece or the electricity is too small, the total amount of heat treatment products, oil, salt and strong acid, strong recovery of the skin considerations 3, the general problem of heat treatment production are: thermal radiation, electrical radiation, noise, dust and harmful gases. Its source and harmfulness are shown in Table 2. Electromagnetic radiation. Gas. Table 2 Common harmful factors in heat treatment production. CB 15735—2004. Harmful degree. 2. Heat 1 parts, tools and products. 1. Spray, spray. 2. Heating burners. 3. Air compressors and ventilators. 4. Engines. 5. Cleaning equipment. 1. Dust during frying. 2. Motion particles and chemical drilling. 3.Net body energy-concentrating agent
1. Salt dissolving furnace smoke
2. Carbon dioxide, azores, acetylene gas
7, strong age, obvious ball mixing
4. Oil stagnation gas
5. Zhang Lipin
5 Heat treatment plant and working environment
5. 1 Factory buildings are usually built in a high dust absorption rate of 90dB. Long-term operation in high dust concentration will cause various lung diseases. 5.1.1 The factory building should generally be built in a small building. It can also be a large factory building or a large factory building, but it should be equipped with auxiliary walls: 5.1.2 The exterior wall of the factory building structure, the wall, the floor, and the ceiling should be made of fire-resistant heat-resistant structure. 5.1.3 The surface strength should be based on the production object and the batch can withstand 1~51/m2 of load. The ground material requirements are heat-resistant. According to the process requirements, the impact resistance can be selected from mesh steel bricks or iron bricks, concrete, cement and terrazzo floors, 5.1.4! The room should have enough height and be reasonably designed. 5.1.5 The workshop and the areas producing hazardous materials such as baths, fires, cleaning, etc. shall be equipped with ventilation equipment with sufficient capacity. 5.1.6 Salt baths, commercial equipment, laser, shot peening and other equipment shall be separated from each other in separate rooms, and shall meet the special requirements of hazardous work areas or areas.
5.1.7 Gas distribution stations, nitrogen and reduced gas storage shall be placed in a special room outside the workshop. This room shall be separated from the workshop according to its volume (the larger the volume, the farther away from the workshop). 5.1.8 The ceiling, wall and floor of the room for carbon ammonia, nitrogen sulfide and acid shall be smooth, moisture-proof and easy to clean. 5.1.9 The workshop shall be equipped with gas removal equipment, water purification facilities, and gas purification equipment to ensure that the discharge of gases, bacteria and solids meets the requirements of B98GR9078 and JR/F9053.
5.1.10 The underground water tank shall not be exposed in the pit, and the pits for boilers and oil should be opened. 5.1.11 The gas distribution panel in the room shall be kept at a certain safety distance <see 3) The pipes and doors shall be inspected and there shall be no slipping.
GB15735-2004
Air
Technical block,
oxygen point
acetylene water seal
Protective equipment
Libin pipe
Hot ice
Household appliances
Wire and cable
"Factory building equipment.
Crane slide
Special specification line
The whole equipment consulting all kinds of pipes said the cellar full change business
0.25--1.5
3. 23.~. 3c
Pressure exhaust air
Gas fragrance gas general transport
c. 2n t. E6
c. 25 0. 25
. 2n n. 2t
5.1.13 The shop should be equipped with sufficient fire hydrants, and the safety exit should be able to meet the requirements of emergency rescue and fire truck entry. 5.1.14 The workshop should be equipped with a dressing room and a sliding table, and the floor should be made of waterproof materials. 5.2 Working environment
5.2.1 The winter temperature of the working place in the workshop should be calculated according to the demand difference between the inside and outside of the workshop. The limit of the indoor and outdoor source difference should be determined according to the calculation temperature of the outdoor shelter in various places, and shall not exceed the provisions in Table 4. When the temperature of the working place exceeds 35, effective cooling measures should be taken. When local air supply cooling is adopted, the wind inlet temperature should not exceed 5~7m5. Table 4 Requirements for air temperature at work places in the workshop Local summer non-ventilated area
Temperature
Work point
29·-32
5.2.2 The noise level in the workshop shall comply with the provisions of GB/T12348 and GB/T12349, and the noise level caused by the operation shall not exceed SC3. 5.2.3 The lighting requirements for each workstation are divided into general lighting and service room. 5.2.4 The factory building shall be equipped with emergency lighting.
5.2.5 The location of the production equipment and material storage location in the workshop shall be convenient for personnel operation, and the noise level shall not be less than 1.5 cm. The pedestrian passage and the vehicle passage with a width of not less than 3m,
5.2.6 The distance between the equipment and the wall should be greater than 1, and the distance between the equipment should not be less than the period specified in Table 5: 5 Distance between equipment
Technical equipment type
Refers to support type dynamic transport type guard General large ball type Large box type guard
Tool workshop Sichuan small country multi-Sichuan furnace
High equipment at the level of processing
Selection of small parts
Fire for large parts
Not applicable to continuous crushing production,
Recommended equipment service room distance
-. b~2. t
-. 5 ~2. 6
.Limited heating)
1. 5~-4. br Ion heating 1
5.2.7 In the deep rise gas furnace pit, there should be a gas leakage monitoring device, GB15735-2004
5.2.8 The safety signs and safety signs for the scope and personnel safety meeting should be replaced in accordance with the provisions of GB2894. 6 Production materials and residual materials
6.1 Production materials
6.1.1 The dangerous and harmful production materials commonly used in heat treatment production include: gas fuel!
Various types of fuel preparation gas carriers:
Flammable organic substances;
Heat, salt and nitrate;
Fluorine.
6.1.2 Non-toxic materials should be used as heat treatment materials, and the use of toxic materials should be limited. 6.1.3 Hazardous and harmful materials should be used and protected according to the safety requirements of the product. 6.1.4 The maximum content of circulating gas in urban air, coal gas and natural gas should not exceed 13uTg/m6.2 Residual materials
Hazardous and harmful residual materials commonly used in heat treatment products mainly include: toxic gas combustion products:bZxz.net
Evaporated gas from salt furnace;
Toxic gas and toxic compounds of oil:
The waste liquid of grease and salt and the waste liquid of cleaning, aged oil;
Various salt and salt residues from the production of pads!
Dust from sand and dust.
2 The maximum permissible concentration of harmful substances in the air of the workplace is no more than 0.73 (see table 6.2.2)
Table 6 The maximum permissible concentration of harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace Harmful substances in the air of the workplace For materials with high concentration, the allowable concentration of silicon monoxide (mg/m
2% or more)
: (containing ionic silicon monoxide of % or more)
0.5% of the allowable concentration can be relaxed during short working hours: within 11 hours of working time, the allowable concentration of silicon monoxide can reach 5l:11x/m: 0.h can reach 100mg/m, 15min-20min can reach 200mg/m, when working repeatedly under the best conditions, the interval between two times should be more than 2h
6.2.3 The waste of salt, salt and pre-salt bath must be disposed according to the provisions of JB/9152. The remaining toxic materials must be neutralized and detoxified in accordance with the provisions of JE/T9552 before they can be discharged. 7 Production equipment
The production equipment used in the heat treatment workshop must comply with the relevant provisions of GA/G4GB5:183: 7.1 Resistance furnace
7.1.1 It must be equipped with a device that automatically cuts off the power supply when the furnace door (or furnace cover) is opened. 7.1.2 The live parts must have good insulation, and the non-live parts must be grounded as required and comply with the provisions of GB5959.1 and GB5959.4. 7.1.3 When the furnace door is opened and closed, the power supply to the electric body and the wind speed must be cut off immediately. 7.1.4 Carbon furnaces must have good sealing, and the pressure below the parallel furnace should not be less than 200Pe, and the pressure below the box-type and rod-type furnaces should not be less than 2 Pa.
7.1.5 A safety explosion-proof chest must be installed at the top of the controlled atmosphere furnace. The area of the explosion-proof chest should not be less than U,U5m, and its operating pressure should not exceed cCPt.
7.1.6 The water cooling protection should be installed with water, and the water should be connected to the flow plate and relay. When abnormal situation occurs, it should be able to cut off and open the garbage.
7.2 Gas furnace and heavy oil furnace
7.2.1 The gas pipeline should be equipped with a main valve and each equipment should have a branch valve. 7.2.2 The gas in the furnace should have a pressure regulator, and the pressure should be automatically cut off when it exceeds the ultra-low pressure. There should be a fire box check valve in front of the burner.
7.2.3 The working noise of the burner, the emission of oxides and the mixing of fuel and air should meet the relevant regulations.
7.3 Salt dissolving furnace
7.3.1 The hot-drying furnace should be made of metal or clay bricks. It must be equipped with an automatic temperature control instrument and an alarm device, as well as a main circuit power supply automatic cut-off device when the instrument loses control. 7.3.2 The isothermal and graded screening salt furnace should be equipped with cooling and mixing equipment. 7.3.3 Emergency dry-change fuses should be provided. 7.3.4 Gas or heavy-duty heating furnaces should be used. The flame of the burner should be tangential to the outer surface of the generator. 7.4 Heating device required
7.4.1 High frequency equipment must be shielded. The observation port on it should be equipped with a metal mesh. The flame transformer outside the fast charging housing should also be shielded. The electric field intensity of the new plug-in should not exceed 21/, and the combustion field should not exceed A/m7.4.2 The high positive part should have special protection devices against electric shock: when the housing is opened, the main circuit power supply should be automatically cut off. 7.4.3 Medium frequency generators should be equipped with no-load limiters - in the event of a long period of time or the instrument disconnects the generator load without stopping the generator operation. 7.4.4 Control buttons and switches should be located in obvious and easily accessible positions. When the same equipment provides several working points, the workbench can be used, but each working point is equipped with a safety connection: 7.5 Adjustment equipment
7.5.1 The exposed parts of the DC high-voltage equipment must have controllable protection facilities, and the furnace body must be grounded. 7.5.2 There should be an operational inspection system, and the exhaust gas should be discharged outdoors. 6 Laser heat treatment equipment
7.6.1 There should be only a red warning light at the entrance of the laser equipment workshop, and the obvious parts of the equipment should be marked with a "danger" sign. 7.E.2 The light removal system of the laser equipment should have reliable mechanical, electrical, water and gas safety connection devices. 6
7.6.3 Except for the workpiece being processed, other parts of the laser device should be strictly sealed. 7.7 Heat treatment equipment
GB157352004
7.7.1 The vacuum furnace's exhaust system should be equipped with an automatic valve interlocked with the power supply. In the event of a power outage, the exhaust line should be shut off to prevent air and vacuum oil from entering the furnace.
7.7.2 The equipment should have safety devices. 7.7.3 All exhaust devices must have gas pipelines and the gas control should be placed outdoors. 7.7.4 The air mold should be equipped with a safety valve. 7.7.5 The storage mechanism for the workpiece should be connected to the device. 7.6 The control cabinet should have a power supply emergency device 7.B Fire quenching and tempering equipment
7..1 Isothermal quenching and tempering oil tanks must be equipped with heating and cooling devices and overflow reflux systems. They should be equipped with equal volume of quenching sleeves and matching oil tanks. 7.8.2 The working temperature of quenching sleeves and kerosene should be at least 50% lower than their flash points. 7.8.3 The heating element should be installed 150mm below the oil level when the oil tank is not in working state. 7.9 Cold treatment equipment
7.9.1 The leakage of refrigerant must be prevented.
7.9.2 The equipment should be installed to avoid personal injury from the refrigerant. 7.10 Gas generator
7.10.1 The gas fuel and the preparation gas belt are both explosive gases, which are explosive. The concentration of commonly used combustible gases in the air at the specified combustion temperature shall not exceed the specified range, which shows the explosion range of combustible gases mixed with air and the fuel pressure (the concentration of combustible gases in air/5%). Gas type: Weak oxide (20XCO.4056N, 40H) Hydrogen decomposition gas (25%N2.75NH2) 7.10.2 Heating type gas generators must be equipped with a safety control system with a ventilation volume greater than 800 ℃. 7.10. The piping of heating type, exothermic and gas preparation furnaces must be equipped with a flame check device. 7.10.4 Various gas generators should have measures that will not affect their normal operation when using gas. 7.10.5 When using hydrogen as a raw material for preparing atmosphere, it is strictly forbidden to use copper and steel alloy materials in the hydrogen circuit system to avoid leakage of the internal gas. When ethanol is used as a carbon dioxide acceptor, the corrosiveness of ethanol to the residual materials in the system must be taken into consideration.
7.11 Cleaning equipment
7.11.1 Non-toxic cleaning agents should be used. If the process requires the use of organic cleaning agents, protective measures should be taken during operation and waste liquid disposal, and relevant emission standards should be met. 7.11.2 When the sound intensity of the ultra-cleaning equipment exceeds 9dB, measures to reduce the sound should be taken. GB 15735—2004
7.12 Sandblasting and shot blasting equipment
7.12.1 Wet sandblasting should be preferred. 7.12.2 Good dust removal system should be installed.
7.13 Pressing equipment
should be equipped with anti-expansion device to prevent workpiece breakage and injury. Dynamic press should have pressure limiting device. 7.14 Fixtures and tooling
7.14.1 should have sufficient strength and durability under thermal conditions. 7.14.2 Lifting tools used under thermal conditions should generally be made of heat-resistant steel. Heat treatment process operation
B. 1 General requirements
1.1 Operators must undergo professional safety training and obtain a work qualification certificate after assessment before they can engage in heat treatment production.
1.2 Operators must wear labor protection equipment of the source type.
1.3 All external heating furnaces shall not exceed the rated temperature and the maximum furnace capacity.
1.4 Operators must carefully check whether the electrical and measuring instruments of the equipment, whether the mechanical protection devices are accurate and flexible, and whether the transmission parts are operating normally. Strictly collect equipment and prevent faults from occurring.
1.5 Lifting machinery shall be operated strictly in accordance with GB/T6067 regulations. For lifting tools and lifting gear, they shall be regularly checked and replaced.
1.6 The work area shall be kept clean and tidy, and shall not interfere with operations.
1.2.1 New installations and large static The electric expansion technology GB/11006 stipulates that the insulation resistance of the three-phase electric heating element to the battery (furnace charging) phase shall not be lower than U,=MI. The insulation resistance of the control circuit to the ground (when the circuit is not directly grounded) shall not be lower than MO. Only after all the conditions are qualified can power be supplied. For the loading of the underground electric furnace and the pit electric furnace, the new heating cable must be cut in during the furnace unloading process. The equipment with a fan should be used immediately when a fault occurs.
2.2 For the continuous operation heating furnace, the workpiece shall not be overloaded when loading the furnace, and the level must be called. 2. The main controllable gas and protection parts shall be used before the furnace is charged. When the fuel is greater than 4%, the gas in the furnace must be replaced with phosgene or burned to remove the burnt gas in the furnace. The recommended neutral gas and its monthly amount must be shown in Table B. 8 Recommended neutral gas for replacing furnace air and its dosage H/() in combustible gas or combustible gas mixture Inhalation limit of combustible gas/Non-flammable gas discharged from exhaust Carbon dioxide Gas-air phase effect Controlled oxygen Gas or combustible gas:uc, 5(~. H).(a-0. 8~0. 85 Combustion system effect, Table 8 (continued) Content of non-flammable gas in combustible gas/Non-flammable gas used for combustible gas Type 1 e5, N03
Two chemical bowls
6.2.4 When the temperature is lower than 70°C, the controllable gas system should be used to protect the furnace. GB 15735—2004
Exhaust plate (body and effect)
Controllable gas type
White.2.5 The tempering furnace with a temperature below 760°C should not use a gas with a content of less than 4% (H, CO, CH) as a protective gas. When using it, it is necessary to ensure the good performance of the gasifier: before the gas is passed and when the furnace is shut down, the gas in the furnace must be replaced with non-flammable gas. 2.6 When sending gas to the furnace, the ignition nozzles on the furnace doors and exhausters should burn normally, and the safety door of the furnace room cannot be opened at will. If it must be opened, the gas in the relevant furnace area should be shut down and an open fire should be lit outside the door. 2.7 In the following cases, the furnace must be supplied with a suitable gas (partial replacement gas) with a volume less than the amount of non-flammable gas in the fire as a safety flushing gas:
a) The process requires that the furnace temperature be lower than the temperature of the furnace to supply flammable gas! b) The fan is turned off or the protection is stopped;
When the gas source or the power source fails:
) Before the protection is processed, the gas baking should be interrupted: 9.2. During the shutdown period, in order to prevent the furnace from slowly collapsing, a white plate should be added on the pipe. B.2.9 The fire crane should have a backup power supply.
8, 3 Surface treatment
.3.1 The area around the high-voltage equipment should be kept dry, and a rubber with a high voltage resistance of 25kV and a protective fence should be installed.
.3.2 Strictly follow the startup sequence of the equipment. High-voltage and medium-frequency equipment. The fire selection operation can be carried out only after the equipment is running properly. The temperature of the water used for high and medium-sized equipment shall not be lower than the dew point temperature of the air in the room. 8.3.3
The sensors used for heating shall not be powered when they are not loaded. 8.3.5
If the workpiece is in a narrow range of fire, if there is any abnormal situation, the high and medium power supply shall be cut off immediately. 8.3.6
When using the gas cylinders and gas for flame selection, it should be noted that the gas cylinders should be kept more than 10m away from the fire source, and should be protected from exposure to sunlight, heat radiation and electric shock. When the cylinder is frozen, it can be thawed with hot water. Strictly use fire to thaw the cylinder. Do not open the cylinder with oil floating on it. b)
A special gas pressure relief device should be installed. The working pressure of the cylinder is prohibited to exceed 147k. e
The gas in the cylinder shall not be After the flame is exhausted, the residual pressure in the bottle shall not be less than kPe~P=8.3. When the flame is used to deliver gas, the gas transfer pipe shall use different colored hoses (red hoses are recommended for exhaust oxygen):
and the parts such as the receiving table and pipes connected with the decision shall not use silver alloys with a total amount exceeding 73% or a total amount exceeding 73%. 8.3.8 The backfire prevention device shall be installed in the backfire station (each flame nozzle) of the flame, and it shall be regularly adjusted.
.3.9 During laser heat treatment, the surface of the workpiece must be pre-scratched with a strong light layer, but it is forbidden to use materials that produce oil smoke and backfire during combustion. 5
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.