This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, requirements, tests, marking and inspection rules for dangerous goods. This standard applies to the inspection of dangerous properties of dangerous goods. GB 19458-2004 Dangerous goods dangerous properties inspection safety regulations http://192.168.10.42/program/ General GB19458-2004 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, requirements, tests, marking and inspection rules for dangerous goods. This standard applies to the inspection of dangerous properties of dangerous goods.

ICS 13.300
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB 19458—2004
Safety code for inspection of hazardous properties for dangerous goodsGeneral specifications
2004-03-04 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
2004-10-01 Implementation
GB19458-2004
Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 of this standard are mandatory, and the rest are recommended. The degree of consistency between this standard and the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (Model Regulations) (13th revised edition) is non-equivalent. Its technical content is consistent with the above regulations, and editorial modifications have been made in the standard text format according to GB/T1.1-2000. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are normative appendices. This standard is proposed and registered by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Dangerous Chemicals Management (SA(C/TC251)). The responsible drafting unit of this standard is: Dangerous Goods Central Laboratory of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. The participating drafting units of this standard are: Tianjin Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Office, Asia-Pacific Dangerous Goods Association, Jiangnan University. The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Libing, Zhao Guoqing, Huang Yong, Tian Jiayin, Pingang, Sun Shujun. This standard is formulated by the first revision.
: com1 Scope
General safety regulations for inspection of hazardous properties of dangerous goods This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, requirements, test marks and inspection regulations of dangerous goods. This standard is applicable to the inspection of hazardous properties of dangerous goods. 2 Normative references
GB19458--2004||tt ||The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all the dated referenced documents, all the subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all the referenced documents without date, the latest versions are applicable to this standard. GB190 Dangerous Goods Packaging Marking
GI3/T3690--1992 Classification and Marking of Commonly Used Dangerous Chemicals (Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods under the United Nations (13th revised edition) 3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions established in GB/T3690 and the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (13th revised edition) are applicable to this standard.
Explosive
Solid or liquid substances that can undergo violent chemical reactions under external influences (such as heat, pressure, impact, etc.), instantly produce a large amount of gas and heat, cause the surrounding pressure to rise rapidly and explode, and cause damage to the surrounding environment. It also includes items that have no overall explosion hazard but have combustion, projection and smaller explosion hazards. 3.2
Gas
Substances with a vapor pressure greater than 300kPa at 50℃. Or substances that are completely gaseous at a standard pressure of 101.3kPa at 20℃. Including compressed gas, liquefied gas, dissolved gas, refrigerated liquefied gas, gas mixture, mixture of one or more gases and vapor of one or more other categories of substances, gas-filled articles and aerosols. 3.3
Flammable liquids
Flammable liquids, liquid mixtures or liquids containing solid substances, but excluding liquids that have been listed in other categories due to their hazardous characteristics. Its closed cup test flash point is equal to less than 61℃. 3.4
Flammable solid, sponlaneously combusli-blc, contact water gmit flammable gases Flammable solid refers to a solid with a low ignition point, sensitive to heat, impact, friction, easily ignited by an external fire source, burning rapidly, and may emit toxic smoke or toxic gases, but does not include items that have been listed as explosives. Substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion refer to substances with a low auto-ignition point, which are prone to oxidation reactions in the air, releasing heat and self-combustion. Substances that release flammable gases in contact with water refer to substances that are prone to become spontaneously combustible substances or release dangerous amounts of flammable gases when in contact with water. comGB 19458--2004
Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides oxidizer.organicperoxide Oxidizing substances refer to substances that do not necessarily burn themselves, but usually cause or promote the combustion of their sugar substances by releasing oxygen. Organic peroxides refer to organic substances containing peroxide groups in their composition, which are flammable and explosive, easily decomposed, and extremely sensitive to heat, vibration or friction:
Toxic substances and infectious substances toxic, infectionsubstance Toxic substances refer to substances that can cause death or serious injury or damage after swallowing, inhalation or contact with the skin. Infectious substances refer to substances that have been classified or are reasonably believed to contain pathogens. 3.7
Radioactive substancesradioactive
Substances with a radioactive specific activity greater than 7.4×10*Bg/kg. 3.8
Corrosive substancescurrosive
Substances that can cause serious damage to biological tissues through chemical reactions, or can seriously damage or even destroy other substances or means of transportation when leaking.
Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles: miscellaneons are substances and articles that may cause dangers during transport that are not included in other categories. This category includes, among other things, liquid substances submitted for transport at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C or solid substances submitted for transport at a filtration rate greater than or equal to 240°C. 4 Classification
4.1 Classification of dangerous goods
4.1.1 Dangerous goods are divided into 9 categories according to their specific hazard or most important hazard. Some categories are further divided into items. The reverse order of the category and item numbers is not the order of hazard level. 4.1.2 Class 1: Explosives
-1, Item 1: Substances and articles with a mass explosion hazard
-1, Item 1: Substances and articles with a projection hazard but no mass explosion hazard;
-1, Item 1: Substances and articles with a combustion hazard and a local explosion hazard or a local projection hazard or both of these hazards, but no mass explosion hazard;
-1, Item 1: 4: Substances and articles that do not present a significant hazard bzxz.net
-1, Item 1: 5: Very insensitive substances with a mass explosion hazard;
-1, Item 1: 6: Extremely insensitive articles with no mass explosion hazard. 4.1.3 Class 2: Gases
-2.1: Flammable gases;
-2.2: Non-flammable and non-toxic gases;
-23: Toxic gases.
4.1.4 Class 3: Flammable liquids
4.1.5 Class 4: Flammable solids; substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion: substances that emit flammable gases when in contact with water - 4.1: Flammable solids, self-igniting substances and decomposing explosives #4.2: Substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion!
4.3: Substances that emit flammable gases when in contact with water. 4.1.6 Class 5: Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides - 5.1: Oxidizing substances:
- 5.2: Organic peroxides.
4.1.7 Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances - 6.【Item: Toxic substances;
-- 6.2 Item: Infectious substances.
4.1.8 Class 7: Radioactive substances
4.1.9 Class 8: Corrosive substances
4.1.10 Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles 4.2 Classification of dangerous goods packaging
CB19458-2004
Except for dangerous goods of Class 1, Class 2, Class 7, Items 5.2 and 6.2, the packaging of other types of dangerous goods can be divided into three packaging levels according to the degree of danger, namely,
I level packaging -- · Highly dangerous substances: Packing level II - Medium dangerous substances: Packing level III - Mildly dangerous substances.
The classification of the degree of danger of various emergency goods can be determined by tests with dangerous characteristics. 5 Requirements
5.1 Safety requirements
5.1.1 The manufacturer of a new product or the party entrusting the application for the classification of the product shall provide all available safety data about the product, such as toxicity data.
5.1.2 When explosiveness is suspected, a small-scale preliminary test should be carried out first, and then a larger amount of material should be tested. Preliminary tests include determining the sensitivity of the substance to mechanical stimulation (impact and friction) as well as to heat and flame. 5.1.3 In tests involving the initiation of potentially explosive substances or articles, a safe waiting time should be maintained after initiation. 5.1.4 Special care should be taken when handling tested samples, and tested samples should be destroyed as soon as possible after testing. 5.2 Test requirements
5.2.1 Tests on hazardous properties should be carried out according to the test conditions. If no tolerance is given in the test, this means that the accuracy is determined by the decimal place of any given dimension, for example 1.1 means 1.05 to 1.15. If the conditions during the test deviate from the given conditions, the reason for the deviation should be stated in the test report.
5.2.2 The composition of the test sample should be consistent with the concentration of the substance intended for transport. The content of each active substance and each diluent should be listed in the test report with an accuracy of at least 2% (mass fraction). Ingredients that may have a significant effect on the test results should be clearly stated in the test report.
5.2.3 All test materials in contact with the test substance should not affect the test results. If the effect cannot be excluded, precautions should be taken to prevent the effect on the test results. The precautions taken should be stated in the test report. 5.2.4 The test should be carried out under conditions (temperature, density) that represent the transportation conditions. If the listed test conditions do not include transportation conditions, additional tests of the intended transportation conditions are required.
5.2.5 If the test results are related to the particle size of the substance, the relevant physical conditions should be stated in the test report. 6 Tests
6.1 The 9 major categories of dangerous goods classification tests specified in the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (13th revised edition)" are tested item by item, unless there is a clear basis for exempting some items. 6.2 When a substance, mixture or solution has more than one hazard and its name is not listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the United Nations "Draft Model Regulations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods (13th revised edition), the category is determined in the following order: a) Class 1 substances and articles:
GB 19458-2004
b) Class 2 gas;
c) Class 3 desensitized explosives;
d) 4.1 self-reactive substances and desensitized explosives: e) 4.2 pyrophoric substances;
f) 5.2 substances:
g) 6.1 substances with Class 1 packaging absorption; h) 6.2 substances;
i) Class 7 substances, except for radioactive substances in excepted packages, radioactive substances with other dangerous properties should be classified into Class 7, and subsidiary risks should also be determined.
6.3 For goods with multiple hazards and no specific names in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (13th Edition), it means that the general strict packaging category of the goods related to the hazard takes precedence over other packaging categories, see Appendix A.
7 Mark
7. 1 Types of signs
There are 9 categories and 21 types of signs for the hazardous characteristics of dangerous goods, which are listed in Appendix B. 7.2 Shape of the sign
The shape of the sign is a square (diamond) with a 45° angle, and the general minimum size is 100mm×100mm. It consists of four parts: pattern, text description, background color, hazard class number.
7.3 Use of signs
7. 3. 1 Principles of use of signs
When a dangerous good has more than one hazard, in addition to using signs to indicate the main hazard class, corresponding signs should also be used to indicate other important hazard classes.
7.3.2 Methods of use of signs
Follow the relevant provisions of GR190.
8 Inspection rules
8.1 Inspection: According to Chapter 5 and Section 6 of this standard 8.2 Under the following circumstances, the manufacturer shall request the relevant inspection department to conduct the inspection of hazardous characteristics when submitting the new product for transportation: When one of the following circumstances occurs, the factory shall conduct the inspection of hazardous characteristics: When a new product is not produced or the old product is changed: After formal production, if there are major changes in materials and processes, which may affect product performance: Once every six months during normal production: When the product is resumed after a long period of suspension of production, when the factory inspection results are significantly different from the previous performance inspection results: When the national quality supervision and inspection agency It is proposed to conduct performance test. 8.3 Each type of hazardous characteristic should be tested and determined according to an effective test method. 8.4 When multiple tests are required to determine the hazardous characteristics, an effective test procedure should be established. 8.5 When the hazardous characteristic report is obtained, the dangerous goods with known hazards shall not be transported, sold or used. The order of hazard ranking is shown in Table A.1.
Category ()
In "—\ Impossible combination
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Hazard ranking table
.- 4.2
Hand-held solids
GB19458—2004
a) 4.1 substances other than self-reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives and Class 3 substances other than liquid desensitized explosives. b) Pesticide is 6. 1
Potent solid
GB19458--2004
Appendix B
(Normative Appendix)
Signs of hazardous characteristics of dangerous goods
B.1 See Table B.1 for the signs of hazardous characteristics of dangerous goods. Table B.1
Sign number
Sign 1
Sign 2
Sign 3
Sign 4
Sign 5
Sign name
Explosives
Explosives
Explosives
Explosives
Flammable gas
Sign graphic
(Symbol: black. Background: orange. Character 1 is placed in the bottom corner.) (Background: withered yellow. Pattern: black. Character 1 is placed in the bottom corner.) (Background: withered yellow. Pattern: black. Character 1 is placed in the bottom corner.)*
(Background: orange. Pattern: black. Character 1 is placed in the bottom corner.) (Symbol black or white. Background: red. Character 2 is placed in the bottom corner.) Corresponding dangerous goods category number
Sign number||tt ||Sign 6
Sign 7
Sign 8
Sign 9
Sign 10
Sign name
Non-flammable, non-toxic gas
Toxic gas
Flammable liquid
Flammable solid
Substances prone to spontaneous combustion
Table B.1 (continued)
Sign graphics
(Symbol: black or white. Background: green. Character 2 is placed in the bottom corner. (Symbol: black. Background: white. Character 2 is placed in the bottom corner.)Symbol: blue or white. Background: red. Character 3 is placed in the bottom corner. (Symbol: black. Background: white, with 7 vertical red stripes on
. Character 4 is placed in the bottom corner.) (Symbol: black. Background: white in the upper half and red in the lower half. Character 4 is placed in the bottom Corner. ）GB19458—2004
Corresponding dangerous goods category number
GB19458—2004
Sign number
Sign 11
Sign 12
Sign 13
Sign 14
Sign 15
Sign 16
Sign name
Substances that emit flammable
gases when in contact with water
Oxidizing substances
Organic peroxides
Toxic substances
Infectious substances
Grade 1 radioactive materials
Table B.1 (continued)
Sign graphics
Symbol: black or white. Background color: blue. Character 4 is placed in the bottom corner. （Symbol: black. Background color: yellow. Character 4 is placed in the bottom corner. Symbol 5.1 is placed in the bottom corner. ) (Symbol: black, background: yellow. Character 5.2 is placed in the bottom corner.) (Symbol: black. Background: white. Character 6 is placed in the bottom corner.) (Symbol, black. Background: white. Character 6 is placed in the bottom corner.) RADIOACIVE
(Symbol: black. Background: white. Character 7 is placed in the bottom corner.) Corresponding dangerous goods category number
Symbol number
Symbol 17
Symbol 18
Symbol 19
Symbol 20
Symbol 21
Symbol name
Secondary radioactive materials
Third-level radioactive materials
Fissile materials
Corrosive materials
Miscellaneous dangerous
Substances and articles
Table B.(Continued)
Sign graphics
RADIOACTIVE
(Symbol: black. Background color: upper half yellow with white border, lower half white. Character 7 is placed at the bottom corner.)RADIOACTIYE
(Symbol: black. Background color: upper half yellow with white border, lower half white. Character 7 is placed at the bottom corner.)FISSILE
(Background color: white. Text: black. Character 7 is placed at the bottom corner)(Symbol: black. Background color: upper half white, lower half black with white border. Character 8 is placed at the bottom corner.)(Symbol: there are 7 vertical black stripes in the upper half. Background color is white, and the underscore of character 9 is placed at the bottom corner.)GB19458—2004
Corresponding dangerous goods category number
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