This standard specifies the selection, design principles and general ergonomic requirements of manipulators. This standard applies to the design and selection of manipulators with hand or foot controls in work systems. GB/T 14775-1993 General ergonomic requirements for manipulators GB/T14775-1993 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the selection, design principles and general ergonomic requirements of manipulators. This standard applies to the design and selection of manipulators with hand or foot controls in work systems.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
General ergonomics requirements for manipulators
General ergonomics requirements for controlle1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the selection, design principles and general ergonomic requirements for manipulators. This standard applies to the design and selection of manipulators controlled by hands or feet in working systems. 2 Reference standards
GB10000 Human dimensions of Chinese adults
B/Z308T Working positions - general ergonomic requirements 3 Classification of manipulator control methods
3.1 Hand-controlled manipulators
Such as hand levers, joysticks, joystick cranks, buttons, knobs, switches, etc. 3.2 Foot-operated manipulators
Such as foot pedals, pedals, buttons, etc.
4 Principles for the selection of manipulators
4.1 Manipulators are suitable for fine and fast adjustment, and are mainly used for graded and continuous adjustment. CB/T 14775--93
4.1.1 Handwheels are suitable for fine adjustment and smooth adjustment. When the handwheel rotates continuously for more than 120 degrees at a time, a handwheel with a handle should be selected. 4.1.2 Cranks are suitable for adjustment that requires effort, small movement range and low precision. 4.1.3 Joysticks are suitable for multi-level fast adjustment in places with limited range of activities. 4.1.4 Push-button and push-button switches are suitable for fast control of line connection and disconnection. 4.1.5 Button switches are suitable for adjustment of two or three states. 4.1.6 Knobs are suitable for continuous adjustment with less force and fine changes or graded adjustment of more than three states. 4.2 Foot-controlled manipulators are suitable for simple, fast and large-force adjustment. Foot-controlled manipulators should be selected under the condition of sitting with a backrest. 5 General ergonomic requirements for manipulators
5.1 Design requirements
5.1.1 For manipulators that need to be held tightly by hand, the part that contacts the hand should be spherical, cylindrical, annular or other shapes that are easy to hold. The part that contacts the finger should have a wave shape that is suitable for the finger shape. Its cross section should be elliptical or circular, and the surface should not have sharp corners, burrs, notches, edges, etc. To ensure that the operation is appropriate, the force is convenient, and the grip is secure. 5.1.? In order to have a good field of view when observing the target and to facilitate the hand to grasp, the hand wheel used to control the direction can be made into a semicircular or arc-shaped steering handle type (see Figure 1). bzxz.net
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on December 24, 1993, and implemented on July 1, 1994
CGB/T 14775-93
5.1.3 The continuous rotation angle of the handwheel (or turning handle) operated by both hands should generally not exceed 190°, and the maximum should not exceed 120° (see Figure 2). 5.1.4 When the handwheel of a vehicle is rotated more than 120° quickly, there must be an automatic clutch device to ensure that the handwheel and the shaft are disengaged in time or the handle can be folded and sunk into the wheel rim in time. The handle installed on the handwheel 1 or the crank should be able to rotate freely. 5.1.5 The turning angle of the joystick should be within the range of 30°～60°, and the maximum should not exceed 90″. 5.1.6 The surface of the manipulator that is pressed by the palm should have a spherical convex shape, and the surface for finger pressing should have a concave contour suitable for the finger shape. The horizontal cross-section of the button should be circular or rectangular, and the button should be round. Rectangular buttons and buttons with a diameter of 3~mm can be made into flat or flat shapes. If it is necessary to encode, it can be made into other shapes (see Figure 3) - 5
5.1.7 For finger-operated toggle switches, the handle of the switch should be cylindrical, conical or prismatic. The conical handle should have the larger diameter facing outwards, and the outer end of the handle should be spherical. The angle of a two-position switch from one position to another should generally not exceed 40° to 90°, and that of a three-position switch should be 30° to 50°
5.1.8 When the manipulator used for step-by-step adjustment is turned from one position to another, the resistance should gradually increase, and once it is in place, there should be a noticeable The operator shall not make any sound of the movement or the sound of the movement being in place, and shall not allow the operator to stop moving between two workstations. 5.1.9 When the surface temperature of the manipulator in contact with the hand is below 10°C and above 60°C, it shall be made of or wrapped with materials with low thermal conductivity. 5.1.10 The foot-controlled manipulator shall not cause the ankle joint to bend excessively during operation. The optimal inclination angle between the pedal and the ground is generally 30°. The footrest should be approximately perpendicular to the calf during operation, and the range of ankle joint movement should not exceed 25°. The manipulator shall be able to automatically reset after the pedaling force is eliminated. 5.1.11 The end position of the manipulator with positioning or safety device shall be marked or have a special stop limit device. The manipulator with graded adjustment shall also have position marks and positioning and self-locking and interlocking devices for each gear to ensure that there will be no malfunction due to accidental touch and vibration during the working process.
5.2 Size requirements for manipulators
5.2.1 The size of the manipulator shall comply with the anthropometric indicators of the operator's moving limbs in GB10000. 5.2.2 The basic size of the handwheel (including the handwheel with handle) and the crank shall comply with the specifications in Figure 4 and Table 1. Operation mode
Double hand wheel rim
Reverse hand wheel rim
Finger grip
Size range
14C--639
50- --125
125 -- 400
50~-125
GB/T14775—93
Wheel D
Excellent light selection
320--400
7G--R0
200--320
75-100
5.2.3 The dimensions of the wheel with torque and the steering handle should comply with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2
Control mode
F Lower handle
F All handles
Size range
15~-35
10--20
Hand diameter
Preferred
25~-30
5.2.4 The basic dimensions of the joystick handle shall comply with the provisions of Table 3: Size range
10~-25
Size range
75 ~150
Rim diameter 4
Preferred
25--30
15~~20
Lower handle length
Preferred
100-120
Handle shape
Pear-shaped, pear-shaped, shaped
Chain-shaped, net-column-shaped
Size range "Preferred
10-~40
10--30||tt| |GB/T14775—93
Dimension range
20～4
Preferred
Dimension range
15~-69
30~-9C
Preferred
Size range
80--130
Preferred
Certification: Spherical or shaped handle is suitable for joysticks with a swing angle greater than (or equal to) 30\. Conical or shaped handle is suitable for joysticks with a swing angle greater than (or equal to) 30\. The shape is suitable for operation with a swing angle of less than 30°.
5.2.5 The basic dimensions of the handle of the switch should comply with the requirements of Figure 5 and Table 4. Figure 5
Switch type
Special switch
Special switch
Button top diameter d
Note: When operating with gloves, the minimum length is 35mm, and the length
25-~50
5.2.6 The basic dimensions of buttons and push-button switches should comply with Figure 6 and Table 5 specifies. Actuation rate, drink/min
Manipulation
Use to press button
Use to press button
Use to press button
Use to press button
GB/1477593
Basic size of button
18--20
Note: When operated with a sleeve, the minimum diameter is 1αmm10×5
20×12
5. 2.7 The size of the knob should comply with the requirements of Figure 7 and Table 6.
Times/min
Operation mode
Pinch
GB/T 14775---93
Knob diameter D
10--100
35--75
Knob thickness H
5.2.8 The tread of the foot-controlled manipulator should be rectangular or elliptical, with a length of not less than 75mm and a width of not less than 25mm. The surface should be toothed or other anti-slip shapes. 5.3 Configuration requirements of the manipulator
5.3.1 The configuration of the manipulator should be arranged according to the functional requirements (importance of use), operation frequency and operation sequence. 5.3-2 In any case, the handles, rims, buttons, knobs and other parts of the manipulator that are touched by hands should be placed in the accessible area of ​​the upper limb activity range specified in JB/Z308. Important and frequently used manipulators should be placed in the easy-to-reach area, and frequently used ones should be placed in the optimal area. At the same time, they should meet the safety requirements of operation. 53.3 When there are a large number of manipulators, they should be arranged in groups, and the manipulators with related functions and displays should be placed in the center. Manipulators with an operation sequence relationship should be arranged from left to right (when arranged horizontally) or from top to bottom (when arranged vertically). Displays related to the functions of the manipulators should be arranged adjacent to each other according to their functional nature, and the manipulators should be placed on the lower side or right of the display to avoid the arm blocking the view of the display during operation. When arranged in groups, the wheel seats between each group should be distinguished by relatively bright colors, patterns or line frames for easy identification.
5.3.4 The inner spacing distance of manipulators arranged parallel to each other on the same plane without mutual interference shall comply with the specifications of Figure 8 and Table 7.
Manipulator type
Paddle switch
Manipulator support
GE/T14775-93
Single [index] finger operation
Single finger continuous operation
Each finger operation
Single (index) finger operation
Single finger continuous operation
Each finger operation
Single hand operation
Simultaneous operation of both hands
|Simultaneous operation by both hands
Optional operation by one hand
Optional operation by one foot
Continuous operation by one foot
Mould rod
5.3.5 The control function of the manipulator shall be coordinated with the adjustment action direction. The corresponding relationship shall comply with the provisions of Table 8. When it is inconsistent, it shall be specially marked,
Action direction
Clockwise·
Counterclockwise*
Except for valves,|| tt||GB/T14775-93
5.3.6 The manipulator for two-handed operation should be placed within the range of not more than 10mm deviation to the right of the median plane of the operator (or seat). When operating in a sitting position, the rotation plane of the lower wheel or steering handle operated by both hands should be 10° to 90° with the horizontal and perpendicular to the symmetry plane of the seat; when operating in a standing position, the rotation plane should be 0° to 90° with the horizontal. When operating with the left and right hands at the same time When there are two handwheels with handles, the two wheels should rotate in opposite directions.
5.3.7 The manipulator for one-hand operation should be placed on the side of the operator's arm. 5.3.7.1 The joystick should be placed within the range of 90° to 135° between the operator's upper arm and forearm, so that the hand can be used for pushing and pulling (see Figure 9).
5.3.7.2 The rotation plane of the handwheel of a handless vehicle should be 10° to 60° with the forearm (see Figure 10).
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