This standard specifies the smoke emission limits and measurement methods for agricultural transport vehicles under free acceleration conditions. This standard applies to agricultural transport vehicles. GB 18322-2002 Agricultural transport vehicles free acceleration smoke emission limits and measurement methods GB18322-2002 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS13.040.50
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB18322—2002
Replaces GB18322—2001
Limits and measurement methods for smoke at freeacceleration from agricultural transport vehicles
Vehicles2002-01-04issued
2002-07-01implemented
State Environmental Protection Administration
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
Cited standards
Test classification
Test method
6 Emission limit
Implementation supervision of standards
Appendix A (Appendix to the standard)
Appendix B (Appendix to the standard)
Appendix C (Appendix to the standard)
Requirements for application materials for type certification
Test method.
Free acceleration smoke measurement record form
GB18322—2002
GB18322-2002
This standard is formulated to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China", prevent and control the pollution of the environment caused by emissions from agricultural transport vehicles, and improve the quality of ambient air. This standard specifies the emission limits and measurement methods for type certification and production consistency inspection in two implementation stages and in-use vehicle inspection tests in three implementation stages.
From the date of publication of this standard, the following standards shall be abolished: GB18322-2001 "Free acceleration smoke limit for agricultural transport vehicles". Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this standard are all appendices to the standard. This standard is proposed by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the State Environmental Protection Administration. This standard was drafted by the Beijing Automobile Research Institute and the China Agricultural Machinery Research Institute. This standard was approved by the State Environmental Protection Administration on November 22, 2001. The State Environmental Protection Administration is responsible for the interpretation of this standard. 1 Scope
Free acceleration smoke limit for agricultural transport vehicles
Emission limits and measurement methods
This standard specifies the smoke emission limits and measurement methods for agricultural transport vehicles under free acceleration conditions. This standard applies to agricultural transport vehicles.
2 Referenced standards
GB18322—2002
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB980488 Smoke card standard
GB252-2000 Light diesel
3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Agricultural transport vehicle
Motor vehicles with diesel engines as power units, small and medium tonnage, medium and low speed, engaged in road transportation, including three-wheeled agricultural transport vehicles and four-wheeled agricultural transport vehicles, but excluding wheeled tractor trains, hand-held tractor trains and hand-held modified transporters. Among them, three-wheeled agricultural transport vehicles refer to agricultural transport vehicles with three wheels, with a maximum design speed of no more than 50km/h, a maximum design gross mass of no more than 2000kg, a length of no more than 4.6m, a width of no more than 1.6m and a height of no more than 2m. Four-wheeled agricultural transport vehicles refer to agricultural transport vehicles with four wheels, with a maximum design speed of no more than 70km/h, a maximum design gross mass of no more than 4500kg, a length of less than 6m, a width of no more than 2m and a height of no more than 2.5m.
3.2 Free acceleration condition
When the diesel engine is in the idling condition (engine running, clutch in the engaged position, accelerator pedal and hand accelerator in the released position, and transmission in the neutral position), the accelerator pedal is quickly stepped to the bottom, maintained for 4s and then released. 3.3 Free acceleration smoke density
Under the free acceleration condition, the degree to which the specified volume of exhaust gas is extracted from the engine exhaust pipe to make the specified area of ​​clean filter paper black is called free acceleration smoke density. The unit is Rb.
4 Test classification
The tests are divided into three categories: type certification test, production consistency inspection test and in-use vehicle inspection test. 4.1 Type certification test
The manufacturer submits a vehicle, records its characteristics according to Appendix A, and conducts the test specified in Article 5 of this standard. 4.2 Production consistency inspection test
Any one of the agricultural transport vehicles produced in batches by the manufacturer that has passed the type certification test in 4.1 is randomly selected for the test specified in Article 5 of this standard. The test vehicle should be run-in or partially run-in according to the manufacturer's technical specifications. 4.3 In-use vehicle inspection test
Agricultural transport vehicles put into use after being licensed shall be subject to the test specified in Article 5 of this standard. GB18322--2002
5 Test method
The free acceleration smoke test method for agricultural transport vehicles shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B. 6 Emission limits
6.1 The free acceleration smoke emission limits for agricultural transport vehicles are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. Table 1 Type certification test emission limits
Implementation phase
Implementation phase
Implementation date
2002.10.01—2003.12.31
2004.01.01 onwards
Smoke value Rb
Equipped with single-cylinder diesel engine
Table 2 Production consistency inspection test emission limits Implementation date
2003.07.01—2004.06.30
2004.07.01 onwards
Table 3 Emission limit values ​​for in-use vehicle inspection test
Implementation stage
Agricultural transport vehicles in use entering urban built-up areas 1) Implementation date
Manufactured before July 1, 2002
Manufactured from July 1, 2002 to June 30, 2004
Manufactured from July 1, 2004
2002.07.01—June 30, 2004
From July 1, 2004
Note: 1) The scope of urban areas where the limit values ​​are implemented shall be determined by the provincial people's government. 6.2 Result judgment
Multi-cylinder diesel engine
Smoke value Rb
Single-cylinder diesel engine
Multi-cylinder diesel engine
Smoke value Rb
Single-cylinder diesel engine
Multi-cylinder diesel engine
If the arithmetic mean of the results of three consecutive measurements does not exceed the emission limit corresponding to 6.1 of this standard, it is qualified. 7 Supervision of implementation of standards
Standards shall be uniformly supervised and implemented by environmental protection administrative departments at all levels. A1 Vehicle Overview
A1.1 Brand:
A1.2 Model:
A1.3 Vehicle Identification: (Method and location of identification)A1.4 Vehicle Type:
(Appendix to the standard)
Type Certification Application Materials Requirements
A1.5 Maximum technically permissible mass declared by the manufacturer:A1.6 Vehicle photos and/or schematic diagrams:
A1.7 Manufacturer's name and address:
A1.8 Number of wheels:
A2 Engine Overview
A2.1 Manufacturer:
A2.2 Engine model/number:
A2.3 Type: Four-stroke/two-stroke\, horizontal/vertical1)A2.4 Cylinder diameter:
A2.5 Stroke:
A2.6 Number and arrangement of cylinders:|| tt||A2.7 Engine displacement:wwW.bzxz.Net
A2.8 Rated power/speed:
A2.9 Maximum torque/speed:
A2.10 Idle speed:
A2.11 Volume compression ratio:
A2.12 Combustion system description:
kW/(r/min)
Nm/(r/min)
A2.1 3 Fuel chamber type: direct injection/pre-combustion chamber/vortex combustion chamber 1A2.14 Combustion chamber and piston top diagram:
A2.15 Fuel supply
A2.15.1 Fuel injection pump
A2.15.1.1 Brand:
A2.15.1.2 Model:
A2.15.1.3 Maximum fuel supply: When the pump speed is, it is expressed by the fuel supply characteristic curve.
A2.15.1.4 Injection advance
A2.15.1.4.1 Injection advance curve:
A2.15.1.4.2 Injection timing:
A2.15.2 High-pressure fuel pipe
A2.15.2.1. Tube leader:
1) Cross out those that are not suitable.
I/min
GB18322-—2002
mm\/stroke or cycle, or
GB18322—2002
A2.15.2.2 Inner diameter:
A2.15.3 Injector
A2.15.3.1 Brand:
A2.15.3.2 Model:
A2.15.3.3 Opening pressure:
A2.15.4 Speed ​​regulator:
A2.15.4.1 Brand:
A2.15.4.2 Model:
A2.15.4.3 Speed ​​at the point where oil reduction starts at full load: A2.15.4.4. Maximum no-load speed:|| tt||A2.15.4.5 Rapid speed:
A2.16 Cooling system
A2.16.1 Liquid cooling
A2.16.1.1 Coolant properties:
A2.16.1.2 Circulation pump: Yes/No
Characteristics or brand and model (if applicable): Transmission ratio (if applicable):
A2.16.2 Air cooling
Blower: Yes/No1)
Characteristics or brand and model (if applicable): Transmission ratio (if applicable):
A2.17 Supercharger: Yes/No1
A2.17.1 Brand:
A2.17.2 Model:
kPa or characteristic curve:
A2.17 .3 System description (e.g. maximum boost pressure, wastegate valve, if applicable): A2.17.4 Intercooler: Yes/No
A2.18 Cold start device
A2.18.1 Brand:
A2.18.2 Model:
A2.18.3 Description:
A3 Additional purification weight (if any, and not included in other items) A3.1 Purifier: Yes/No1
A3.1.1 Purifier quantity and elements:
A3.1.2 Purifier size and shape (volume, A3.1.3 Purifier installation position (installation location and relative distance in the exhaust system): A3.2 Auxiliary air injection device: Yes/No1) A3.2.1 Type (pulse air , air pump, A3.3 Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR): yes/no) A3.3.1 Characteristic performance (flow rate,
........
A3.4 Other systems (description and function): 1) Strike out those that are not applicable,
A4. Additional instructions for test conditions
A4.1 Lubricating oil used:
A4.1.1 Brand:
A4.1.2 Brand:
GB18322—2002
GB18322—2002
B1 Foreword
Appendix B
(Appendix to the standard)
Test method
This appendix specifies the test method for free acceleration smoke emission of agricultural transport vehicles. B2 Technical requirements for measuring instruments
A filter paper smoke meter (hereinafter referred to as smoke meter) is used. The smoke meter is generally composed of a sampling system and a measuring system. B2.1 Sampling system
The sampling system consists of a sampling probe, an exhaust device, a cleaning device and a connecting pipe for sampling. B2.1.1 Sampling probe
The sampling probe should be easy to install on the exhaust pipe, be able to suck the exhaust gas, and the exhaust hole should not directly bear the dynamic pressure of the exhausted gas sample. .The sampling probe has a fixed component that is easy to install at the center of the exhaust pipe; b. The sampling probe has a heat dissipation device for cooling the gas sample; c. The parts in contact with the exhaust gas at the exhaust sampling inlet should be made of corrosion-resistant or surface-treated materials. The structure and main dimensions of the sampling probe should meet the requirements of Figure 1. 350
Figure 1 Sampling probe
B2.1.2 Exhaust device
The exhaust device consists of an exhaust pump and a filter paper holder. The exhaust pump is a piston-type exhaust pump. a. The vacuum pump should ensure that the suction volume is 330ml ± 15ml each time; b. The suction speed of the vacuum pump should not change too much. The time of each suction action is 1.4s ± 0.2s; c. Within 1min, the amount of outside air that penetrates into the vacuum pump should not be greater than 15ml; d. The effective working surface diameter of the filter paper should be 32mm; e. The filter paper holder should be easy to install and remove the filter paper, and the clamping should be reliable to ensure sealing. B2.1.3 Sampling connecting tube
The sampling connecting tube should be a flexible tube, and its two ends should be respectively equipped with heat-resistant joints that can be connected to the sampling probe and the suction device. The length of the sampling connecting tube is 5.0m, the inner diameter is equal to 5-a.2mm, and the local inner diameter of the sampling system shall not be less than $4mm. 6
B2.2 Measurement system
The measurement system consists of a photoelectric reflector head, an indicator and a sample table. B2.2.1 Photoelectric reflection head
a. The light source is an incandescent bulb, and the light should be uniform and stable; b. The optical axis of the bulb should be located at the center of the filter paper and perpendicular to the plane of the filter paper; GB18322--2002
c. A ring-shaped selenium photocell is used as the photoelectric element, and its output characteristics should be stable. The outer diameter of the light receiving area of ​​the selenium photocell is 423mm and the inner diameter is 10mm. The distance from the filter paper to the surface of the selenium photocell is 10.5mm. B2.2.2 Indicator
The indicator of the measuring system can be pointer type or digital type. The minimum indication is required to be 1% of the full scale. B2.2.3 Sample table
a. It should have the structure for placing the substrate material specified in B2.3 a:, and the table top should be in smooth and tight contact with the measuring part of the photoelectric reflection head;
b, its size and shape should comply with the provisions of GB9804. B2.3 Filter paper
a. During measurement, a certain thickness of filter paper or other equivalent reflective material should be placed under the filter paper as a substrate. The reflection factor of the filter paper should be (92±3)%:
b. The equivalent pore size is 45μm;
c. The air permeability is 3000ml/(cm2, min) (the pressure difference before and after the filter paper is 1.96～3.90kPa); d. The thickness is 0.18~0.20mm.
B2.4 Standard smoke density card
The technical requirements of the standard smoke density card should comply with the provisions of GB9804. a. The standard smoke density card used for smoke meter calibration shall be evenly distributed according to the range and shall not be less than 6 cards; b. The smoke density card used for daily calibration of smoke meter shall be 4.0Rb~5.0Rb, and 3 cards shall be used for each smoke meter. B2.5 The smoke meter must be calibrated regularly and can only be used within the validity period. B3 Tested vehicle
B3.1 The air intake system should be equipped with an air filter, and the exhaust system should be equipped with a muffler and must not leak. B3.2 The sampling probe should be inserted to a depth of not less than 300mm. Otherwise, the exhaust pipe should be connected with a pipe and the interface should not leak. B3.3 The diesel used in the test should comply with the provisions of GB252, and smoke suppressant additives should not be used. B3.4 During the measurement, the temperature of the engine's cooling water and lubricating oil should reach the thermal state specified in the vehicle manual. B4 Measurement cycle
B4.1 Preparation before measurement.
B4.1.1 Clean the sampling pipeline with compressed air at a pressure of 300-400kPa. B4.1.2 Place the vacuum pump in the position to be vacuumed. B4.1.3 Place the clean filter paper in the position to be sampled and clamp the filter paper. B4.2 Cycle composition
B4.2.1 Vacuum pump suction: controlled by the vacuum pump switch, the vacuum action should be synchronized with the free acceleration condition. B4.2.2 Filter paper movement: after each vacuuming, the filter paper clamping mechanism should be loosened to send the smoke sample to the sample table. B4.2.3 Vacuum pump return: can be manual or automatic to prepare for the next vacuuming. B4.2.4 Filter paper clamping: after the vacuum pump returns, the filter paper is clamped manually or automatically. B4.2.5 Indicator reading: after the smoke sample is sent to the sample table, the smoke density value is read by the indicator. B4.3 Cycle time
The cycle specified in Article B4.2 should be completed within 20s. For manual smoke meters, the provisions of Article B4.2.5 can be carried out together after completing Article B5GB18322-2002
.
B4.4 Cleaning the pipeline
After completing 3 measurement cycles according to Article B5, clean the sampling pipeline with compressed air at a pressure of 300-400kPa. B5 Measurement procedure
B5.1 Check that the maximum no-load speed of the test engine must reach the factory specified value and record it. B5.2 Install the sampling probe: Fix the sampling probe in the exhaust pipe with a depth of 300mm and make its center line parallel to the axis of the exhaust pipe.
B5.3 Blow off the accumulated matter: Perform 3 cycles without measurement according to the working conditions specified in Article 3.2 to clear the accumulated carbon soot in the exhaust system. B5.4 Measurement sampling, place the vacuum pump switch on the accelerator pedal, and follow the working conditions specified in Article 3.2 and Article B4.2. The cycle specified in Article 2 is measured continuously for 3 times, as shown in Figure 2. The arithmetic mean of the 3 measurement results is the measured smoke density value. B5.5 When the time when black smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe of the engine of the tested vehicle is not synchronized with the time when the air pump starts to pump air, the maximum smoke density value should be taken.
Engine maximum idling speed
Measurement starting point
Measurement procedure
Second time
Third time
Time ts
Smoke meter model:
Atmospheric pressure:
Test location:
Vehicle number
(or chassis number/VIN)
Appendix C
(Appendix to the standard)
Free acceleration smoke density measurement record Table
(reference)
Tachometer model:
Atmospheric temperature:
Tester:
Engine model
Rapid speed/(r/min）
Relative humidity:
Test date:
Maximum no-load speed/
(r/min)
GB18322—2002
Measured value Rb
Average value Rb
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