This standard applies to gear devices with separate housings that transmit power. This standard does not apply to some special or auxiliary gear devices, such as compressors, pumps, steam turbines that are integrated with transmission gear devices, and some gear devices that do not transmit power. However, this standard can also be used for these devices if agreed upon. This standard specifies the instrument type, measurement method, test steps, and vibration level for determining vibration levels during acceptance tests. GB/T 8543-1987 Determination of mechanical vibration of gear devices during acceptance tests GB/T8543-1987 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Determinalion of mechanical vibrations of gear units during acceptance testlngLDC621.83
GB8543-87
This standard is applicable to gear units with separate housings that transmit power. This standard does not apply to some special or auxiliary gear units, such as compressors, pumps, steam turbines integrated with transmission gear units, and some gear units that do not transmit power. However, this standard can also be used for these equipment if agreed upon through consultation. This standard specifies the instrument type, measurement method, test steps for determining vibration levels during acceptance tests, and vibration levels during acceptance. If some special provisions are required for vibration measurement, the manufacturer and the user are allowed to negotiate to determine the vibration measurement method and acceptance level. 2 Terminology
The mechanical terminology used in this standard is in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB2298:80 "Terminology for Mechanical Vibration and Shock". 3 Instructions for use
3. 1 Influencing factors of the system
Gear manufacturing Uncontrollable factors may affect the vibration level of the gear device at the test site. The appendix lists some influencing factors of the transmission system. The gear device should be tested in a way that can minimize these effects. Therefore, the vibration of the entire system should be estimated and the various influencing factors of the system should be tested during the design stage of the transmission system. Clear regulations should be made for each test and strictly implemented.
3.2 Selection of vibration measurement method
There are two ways to measure the vibration of the gear device, one is to measure the vibration of the housing, and the other is to measure the vibration of the shaft. Combining shaft vibration measurement and housing vibration measurement to obtain the absolute motion of the gear device shaft is often a more effective method. For gear devices supported by rolling bearings, the axial clearance of the bearings is small, and the relative motion between the bearings and the housing is also small. Housing vibration measurement should be selected. For gear devices supported by ordinary smooth bearings, use Either shaft vibration measurement or housing vibration measurement can be used, but when the frequency is within the range of 0 to 500 Hz, housing vibration measurement is not sensitive and it is difficult to measure a small amount of vibration, so shaft vibration measurement should be used. Housing vibration measurement can obtain a wider frequency range and dynamic characteristic range, providing the necessary basis for the analysis of gear meshing frequency. 4 Instruments
4.1 Types
The sensors and instruments used for measurement must be sent to the metrology department for inspection regularly in accordance with relevant regulations and obtain a certificate of conformity. Use within the validity period. For the selection and use of the dynamic instrument system, see Yanglu B. It is best to equip the instrument with a 1/3 octave frequency analyzer. 4.1.1 Shaft Vibration Measuring Instruments
It is recommended to use non-contact sensors for shaft perturbation measurement, and the measuring instrument must be able to read the peak-to-peak value of the vibration displacement. Approved by the National Bureau of Standards on December 5, 1987
Implementation on October 1, 1988
4.1.2 Housing Vibration Measuring Instruments
GB B543--87
Piezoelectric accelerometers should be used for perturbation measurement of the box. The measuring instrument should be an electric instrument with accurate root mean square rectification characteristics, which can determine the root mean square value of the vibration (mm/s). Because the installation method of the sensor will affect the frequency response of the sensor, the sensor should be fixed with screws, bolts or adhesive materials. However, for light accelerometers, magnetic fixation can be used when the frequency is below 2000Hz. The magnetic gap and the mounting surface should be adapted to the acceleration level. Handheld contact measurement is not allowed. 4. 2 Measurement frequency range
The measurement frequency range of the instrument must ensure that both the low rotation speed of the shaft and the highest gear meshing frequency can be measured. The frequency range of shaft displacement measurement should be 0~～500Hz. The measurement range of box speed should be 10~～10000Hz or higher. 4.3 Deviation
The vibration level measured by the measuring instrument system, including the sensor and the reading instrument, within the entire operating temperature range shall not have a deviation of more than ±5%.
4.4 Calibration
The vibration measurement system shall be tested before and after the measurement. In addition, the measurement system shall be sent to the metrology department for calibration regularly in accordance with relevant regulations.
Juice: If the operating conditions during the acceptance test are different from the on-site use conditions, the measured vibration data shall be corrected. The correction method shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user.
5 Vibration measurement
5. 1 Vibration measurement of the shaft
The vibration displacement of the shaft shall be measured relative to the housing. The sensor shall be installed as close to the bearing as possible and fixed in a part of the housing with good rigidity. The vibration of each shaft shall be measured in three mutually perpendicular directions, one of which must be parallel to the measured axis. The number of measuring points and the installation position shall be determined by the user and the manufacturer. The measuring error caused by mechanical and electrical eccentricity shall not be higher than 25% of the vibration displacement evaluation value or 6utm (the higher of the two. At the sensor installation position, the mechanical and electrical deviations of the measured object can be subtracted from the vibration reading value to obtain the actual vibration level. The error of the actual vibration measurement value obtained after subtracting the mechanical and electrical deviations shall not exceed the provisions of Article 4.3. 5.2 Vibration measurement of the pin body
The vibration of the housing should be measured at the housing bearing seat. The measurement must be carried out in three orthogonal directions, two of which must be located in a plane perpendicular to the gear rotation axis, which is preferably a horizontal plane or a vertical plane. It is recommended to measure at each bearing position accessible from the outside of the gear assembly (at the peripheral screw position if necessary). The number of sensors and their installation positions depend on the rigidity of the housing and the number of shafts, and are selected by the user and the manufacturer. 5.3 Measurement units The units used for measuring vibration are listed in Table 1. Table 1 5.4 Instrument reading method (peak value) Frequency dB (reference value -5×1mm/) The observation time of the measurement shall not be less than 10s. Record the average value displayed by the instrument 6 Test criteria The vibration measurement of the gear device should be determined by the manufacturer during the test run. 6.1 Connection of the test system The drive device, test transmission system and the gear to be tested are connected with a coupling with the same overhang mass. 6.2 Test conditions for gear devices Unless otherwise agreed upon by the gear manufacturer and the user, the gear device should be operated at the rated speed during the test. Note: ① DR: displacement rating, μm. GB 8543—87
DOR125
Lock iHz
Figure 1 Shaft vibration evaluation curve
②When the frequency is within the range of 0～50Hz, the evaluation value is equal to the displacement of the evaluation curve. From 50Hz, the curve drops by 10dB every decade. 7.1 Vibration level
The vibration evaluation curve is a frequency relationship curve. Only the filtered measured value can be compared with the evaluation curve. When the spectrum data is not measured or the data is incomplete, the following provisions can be used as the acceptance criteria for the overall level. B
Take the shaft speed as the nominal frequency, compare the maximum value of the unfiltered shaft displacement value with Figure 1, and take the level of the evaluation curve that is not less than and close to this value as the nominal vibration displacement level of the unfiltered shaft. bCompare the maximum value of the unfiltered box vibration root mean square value with Figure 2, and take the level that is not less than the evaluation curve that is closest to this value as the nominal vibration velocity level of the unfiltered box. d
Note: BaoIR: speed evaluation value: mm/s.
GB 8543—87
Figure 2 Evaluation curve of box vibration
When the frequency is within the range of 45~15$0H, the evaluation value is equal to the speed value of the evaluation curve. Outside this frequency range, the curve drops by 14dB per decade.
7.2 Evaluation of shaft displacement
Compare the shaft displacement spectrum measured by 1/3 octave filtering with Figure 1, and take the level of the evaluation curve that contains and is closest to the spectrum as the displacement evaluation level of the shaft, and take the highest evaluation level on all the measured shafts of the gear device as the vibration level of the gear device. 7.3 Evaluation of the vibration velocity of the housing
Compare the housing vibration velocity spectrum measured by 1/3 octave filtering with Figure 2, and take the level of the evaluation curve that contains and is closest to the ten-frequency spectrum as the housing vibration velocity evaluation level at that location, and take the highest evaluation level at all measurement positions of the gear device as the vibration level of the gear device.
8 Measurement report
The measurement report should include the following contents:
Model, main technical parameters and relevant special provisions of the gear device under test. Test operation data, installation and operating conditions of the gear device (including some characteristics of assembly and connection). Sketch of the gear device layout and the position, axis and number of measuring points described in 5.1 and 5.2. Manufacturer name, type and accuracy level of the measuring instrument. At least one of the following items must be recorded at each measuring position as the measurement result and conclusion of the test. a.
Total vibration level.
1/3 octave spectrum of vibration, main frequency components and their levels, and narrowband spectrum can also be recorded if necessary. GB 8543—87
Appendix A
Factors affecting the system
(Supplement)
A.1 Purpose The vibration of the gear unit is generated by the gear unit itself and other vibration sources within the system. The magnitude of the latter vibration value and the way the vibration is transmitted from the vibration source to the measuring point will have a great influence on the actual vibration level measured. The following lists some influencing factors of the system that should be considered.
A.2 Typical influencing factors of the system
A.2.1 Prime mover vibration source
b. Forced vibration of internal combustion engine;www.bzxz.net
c. Forced excitation of hydraulic motor.
A.2.2 Load characteristics
Load speed change. Such as: fan, impeller, etc.; load pulsation. Such as: screw propeller, reciprocating compressor, various pumps, etc., h.
Machine load impact. Such as: ore crusher, etc. A.2.3 Assembly aspects of gears
Alignment of system components;
Balance of components and parts.
A.2.4 Torsional characteristics of the system
Stiffness and damping of the coupling;
Torsional flexibility:
Rotational inertia of rotating parts.
A.2.5 Transverse characteristics of the system
Stability of the foundation;
Installation method
Stiffness and quality of components.
A.2.6 Load and speed
Direction of rotation;
c, rotation speed.
A.3.1A.2 lists some factors that affect the working characteristics of the gear device. When working on site, these factors are generally beyond the control of the gear device manufacturer. Therefore, the gear device manufacturer is not responsible for the adverse effects of these factors. A.3.2 The influencing factors of the transmission system should be considered at the design stage, and the requirements for each part of the system should be clearly defined. The manufacturers of each part of the system must understand their own responsibilities.
GB 854387
Appendix B
Vibration instruments and their characteristics
(Supplement)
E.1 This appendix card shall explain the vibration measuring instruments and their characteristics used in the vibration measurement of the gear unit. B.2 Instruments for measuring housing vibration and shaft vibration The type and use of vibration measuring instruments must comply with the provisions of the relevant standards. B.3 Measurement of housing vibration
The vibration intensity value at the measuring point can be obtained by measuring the vibration at the bearing seat. Since the measured vibration value is an absolute value, the test support structure is preferably a structure that can be regarded as a fixed foundation. During the test, at least within the speed range of the test, the resonance of the support structure must be avoided. The measured vibration intensity is a function of the dynamic coupling between the rotating part of the gear unit and the supporting housing. When using rolling bearings, the coupling is very direct. When using sliding bearings, the vibration of the shaft is more or less suppressed due to the action of the oil film. Sliding bearings are greatly affected by speed, torque, load and lubricant. When evaluating the vibration intensity of the bearing seat, the influence of these changing factors must be considered. Generally, under light load conditions, the vibration caused by the rotation effect of the shaft at 1 or 2 times the speed (generally caused by imbalance and eccentricity) may not be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat of the gear device, but under heavy load conditions, the intensity of these vibration transmission may be very high. In addition, the high-frequency vibration caused by the meshing of the gears will also be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat and dominate the measured housing vibration signal. When measuring the vibration of the box, a velocity sensor or accelerometer can be used. The linear range of the velocity sensor depends on its type, generally 10 to 2500Hz. When it is lower than the gear meshing frequency of the high-speed gear, an accelerometer with a measurement range of not less than 10kHz should be used. The instrument needs to be adjusted during use. When converting the signal into a velocity signal, special attention should be paid to eliminating the influence of low-frequency noise. At the same time, it must be noted that the installation method of the sensor used should ensure the linear measurement range of the instrument. B.4 Measurement of the vibration displacement of the axis
It is recommended to use a non-contact sensor to measure the displacement of the axis. There are many forms of non-contact vibration sensors, and their measurement working principles are different. The main forms are capacitive, inductive and eddy current sensors: Because eddy current sensors have the advantages of a wide frequency range, small size and insensitivity to changes in working environment conditions, they are more commonly used in the measurement of gear devices. Non-contact sensors are generally used to measure the relative motion between the gear shaft and the bearing seat. Place the two probes perpendicular to each other on the specified measuring surface, and the motion trajectory of the gear shaft can be displayed by an oscilloscope. Most non-contact sensors (mainly eddy current sensors) can be used to determine the position of the shaft in the bearing clearance. Although the frequency response range of the eddy current speed transmitter is very wide (U~10kHz), when the frequency exceeds 500Hz, generally only a small amount of shaft vibration signal can be measured. Therefore, non-contact sensors are not suitable for the evaluation of vibrations above 500Hz. When working in the low frequency range, non-contact sensors can be used to identify vibration factors related to shaft imbalance and mechanical errors, such as gear radial runout, roundness, etc. It can also identify the size of the additional load caused by the gear force, torque and misalignment force on the shaft, identify bearing-related problems and possible instability. When installing non-contact sensors, it should be ensured that there is no large relative movement between the sensor and the bearing or the housing. It is best to use a rigid component to insert the sensor into the housing, and the sensor can be contacted from the outside, so that the sensor can be calibrated and repaired without opening the cover. The measuring surface should be concentric with the auxiliary neck and conform to the provisions of the evaluation level (see 5.1 Vibration measurement of the shaft). GB 8543-87
Appendix ℃
Subjective evaluation value of vibration
(reference)
This appendix provides a subjective evaluation basis for the mechanical vibration of the gear device, for reference only. The information in this appendix is ​​subjective and only applies to some typical gear devices as a general guideline. 8
Due to the different designs, sizes and application conditions of various gear devices, the requirements for vibration are also different. It is a very suitable evaluation standard for large low-speed ball mill gears, but it may not be suitable for high-speed gears or ship drive gears. Using the evaluation standard of high-speed gears for low-speed ball mill gears will increase unnecessary costs, so special care must be taken when selecting the acceptance level. The subjective evaluation value of vibration is shown in Figure C1, and the meaning of symbols is shown in Table C1.
Subjective evaluation value of vibration of AIR on MGR
Additional instructions:
GB8543-87
This standard is equivalent to ISO/TC60/WG9--N62. This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Committee. The main drafters of this standard are Qian Zhenxuan and Li Bonong, who are responsible for the Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute. Used in
navy ships, etc.
high speed (over 3600/min), etc.
industrial and commercial ships, etc.
low speed ball mills, etc.2 Load characteristics
Load speed changes. Such as: fans, impellers, etc.; load pulsation. Such as: screw propellers, reciprocating compressors, various pumps, etc. h.
Machine load impact. Such as: ore crushers, etc. A.2.3 Assembly aspects
Alignment of various components of the system;
Balance of components and parts.
A.2.4 Torsional characteristics of the system
Stiffness and damping of the coupling;
Torsional flexibility:
Rotational inertia of rotating parts.
A.2.5 Lateral characteristics of the system
Stability of the foundation;
Installation method
Stiffness and mass of components.
A.2.6 Load and speed
Direction of rotation;
c, rotation speed.
A.3.1A.2 lists some factors that affect the working characteristics of gear devices. When working on site, these factors are generally beyond the control of the gear device manufacturer. Therefore, the gear device manufacturer is not responsible for the adverse effects of these factors. A.3.2 The influencing factors of the system should be considered in the design stage of the transmission system, and the requirements for each part of the system should be clearly defined. The manufacturers of each part of the system must understand their own responsibilities.
GB 854387
Appendix B
Vibration instruments and their characteristics
(Supplement)
E.1 This appendix card shall explain the vibration measuring instruments and their characteristics used in the vibration measurement of gear devices. B.2 Instruments for measuring housing vibration and shaft vibration The type and use of vibration measuring instruments must comply with the provisions of relevant standards. B. 3 Measurement of housing vibration
The vibration intensity value at the measuring point can be obtained by measuring the vibration at the bearing seat. Since the measured vibration value is an absolute value, the test support structure is preferably a structure that can be regarded as a fixed foundation. During the test, resonances of the supporting structure must be avoided, at least within the speed range of the test. The measured vibration intensity is a function of the dynamic coupling between the rotating part of the gear unit and the supporting housing. The coupling is very direct when using rolling bearings, while with plain bearings, the vibrations of the shaft are more or less suppressed due to the effect of the oil film. Plain bearings are greatly affected by speed, torque, load and lubricant, and the influence of these variables must be taken into account when evaluating the vibration intensity of the bearing seat. Generally, under light load conditions, vibrations caused by the rotation effect of the shaft at 1 or 2 times the speed (usually caused by unbalance and eccentricity) may not be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat of the gear unit, but under heavy load conditions, the intensity of these vibration transmission may be very high. In addition, high-frequency vibrations caused by the meshing of the gears will also be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat and dominate the measured housing vibration signal. When measuring the vibration of the box, a velocity sensor or accelerometer can be used. The linear range of the velocity sensor depends on its type, generally 10 to 2500Hz. When it is lower than the gear meshing frequency of the high-speed gear, an accelerometer with a measurement range of not less than 10kHz should be used. The instrument needs to be adjusted during use. When converting the signal into a velocity signal, special attention should be paid to eliminating the influence of low-frequency noise. At the same time, it must be noted that the installation method of the sensor used should ensure the linear measurement range of the instrument. B.4 Measurement of the vibration displacement of the axis
It is recommended to use a non-contact sensor to measure the displacement of the axis. There are many forms of non-contact vibration sensors, and their measurement working principles are different. The main forms are capacitive, inductive and eddy current sensors: Because eddy current sensors have the advantages of a wide frequency range, small size and insensitivity to changes in working environment conditions, they are more commonly used in the measurement of gear devices. Non-contact sensors are generally used to measure the relative motion between the gear shaft and the bearing seat. Place the two probes perpendicular to each other on the specified measuring surface, and the motion trajectory of the gear shaft can be displayed by an oscilloscope. Most non-contact sensors (mainly eddy current sensors) can be used to determine the position of the shaft in the bearing clearance. Although the frequency response range of the eddy current speed transmitter is very wide (U~10kHz), when the frequency exceeds 500Hz, generally only a small amount of shaft vibration signal can be measured. Therefore, non-contact sensors are not suitable for the evaluation of vibrations above 500Hz. When working in the low frequency range, non-contact sensors can be used to identify vibration factors related to shaft imbalance and mechanical errors, such as gear radial runout, roundness, etc. It can also identify the size of the additional load caused by the gear force, torque and misalignment force on the shaft, identify bearing-related problems and possible instability. When installing non-contact sensors, it should be ensured that there is no large relative movement between the sensor and the bearing or the housing. It is best to use a rigid component to insert the sensor into the housing, and the sensor can be contacted from the outside, so that the sensor can be calibrated and repaired without opening the cover. The measuring surface should be concentric with the auxiliary neck and conform to the provisions of the evaluation level (see 5.1 Vibration measurement of the shaft). GB 8543-87
Appendix ℃
Subjective evaluation value of vibration
(reference)
This appendix provides a subjective evaluation basis for the mechanical vibration of the gear device, for reference only. The information in this appendix is ​​subjective and only applies to some typical gear devices as a general guideline. 8
Due to the different designs, sizes and application conditions of various gear devices, the requirements for vibration are also different. It is a very suitable evaluation standard for large low-speed ball mill gears, but it may not be suitable for high-speed gears or ship drive gears. Using the evaluation standard of high-speed gears for low-speed ball mill gears will increase unnecessary costs, so special care must be taken when selecting the acceptance level. The subjective evaluation value of vibration is shown in Figure C1, and the meaning of symbols is shown in Table C1.
Subjective evaluation value of vibration of AIR on MGR
Additional instructions:
GB8543-87
This standard is equivalent to ISO/TC60/WG9--N62. This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Committee. The main drafters of this standard are Qian Zhenxuan and Li Bonong, who are responsible for the Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute. Used in
navy ships, etc.
high speed (over 3600/min), etc.
industrial and commercial ships, etc.
low speed ball mills, etc.2 Load characteristics
Load speed changes. Such as: fans, impellers, etc.; load pulsation. Such as: screw propellers, reciprocating compressors, various pumps, etc. h.
Machine load impact. Such as: ore crushers, etc. A.2.3 Assembly aspects
Alignment of various components of the system;
Balance of components and parts.
A.2.4 Torsional characteristics of the system
Stiffness and damping of the coupling;
Torsional flexibility:
Rotational inertia of rotating parts.
A.2.5 Lateral characteristics of the system
Stability of the foundation;
Installation method
Stiffness and mass of components.
A.2.6 Load and speed
Direction of rotation;
c, rotation speed.
A.3.1A.2 lists some factors that affect the working characteristics of gear devices. When working on site, these factors are generally beyond the control of the gear device manufacturer. Therefore, the gear device manufacturer is not responsible for the adverse effects of these factors. A.3.2 The influencing factors of the system should be considered in the design stage of the transmission system, and the requirements for each part of the system should be clearly defined. The manufacturers of each part of the system must understand their own responsibilities.
GB 854387
Appendix B
Vibration instruments and their characteristics
(Supplement)
E.1 This appendix card shall explain the vibration measuring instruments and their characteristics used in the vibration measurement of gear devices. B.2 Instruments for measuring housing vibration and shaft vibration The type and use of vibration measuring instruments must comply with the provisions of relevant standards. B. 3 Measurement of housing vibration
The vibration intensity value at the measuring point can be obtained by measuring the vibration at the bearing seat. Since the measured vibration value is an absolute value, the test support structure is preferably a structure that can be regarded as a fixed foundation. During the test, resonances of the supporting structure must be avoided, at least within the speed range of the test. The measured vibration intensity is a function of the dynamic coupling between the rotating part of the gear unit and the supporting housing. The coupling is very direct when using rolling bearings, while with plain bearings, the vibrations of the shaft are more or less suppressed due to the effect of the oil film. Plain bearings are greatly affected by speed, torque, load and lubricant, and the influence of these variables must be taken into account when evaluating the vibration intensity of the bearing seat. Generally, under light load conditions, vibrations caused by the rotation effect of the shaft at 1 or 2 times the speed (usually caused by unbalance and eccentricity) may not be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat of the gear unit, but under heavy load conditions, the intensity of these vibration transmission may be very high. In addition, high-frequency vibrations caused by the meshing of the gears will also be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat and dominate the measured housing vibration signal. When measuring the vibration of the box, a velocity sensor or accelerometer can be used. The linear range of the velocity sensor depends on its type, generally 10 to 2500Hz. When it is lower than the gear meshing frequency of the high-speed gear, an accelerometer with a measurement range of not less than 10kHz should be used. The instrument needs to be adjusted during use. When converting the signal into a velocity signal, special attention should be paid to eliminating the influence of low-frequency noise. At the same time, it must be noted that the installation method of the sensor used should ensure the linear measurement range of the instrument. B.4 Measurement of the vibration displacement of the axis
It is recommended to use a non-contact sensor to measure the displacement of the axis. There are many forms of non-contact vibration sensors, and their measurement working principles are different. The main forms are capacitive, inductive and eddy current sensors: Because eddy current sensors have the advantages of a wide frequency range, small size and insensitivity to changes in working environment conditions, they are more commonly used in the measurement of gear devices. Non-contact sensors are generally used to measure the relative motion between the gear shaft and the bearing seat. Place the two probes perpendicular to each other on the specified measuring surface, and the motion trajectory of the gear shaft can be displayed by an oscilloscope. Most non-contact sensors (mainly eddy current sensors) can be used to determine the position of the shaft in the bearing clearance. Although the frequency response range of the eddy current speed transmitter is very wide (U~10kHz), when the frequency exceeds 500Hz, generally only a small amount of shaft vibration signal can be measured. Therefore, non-contact sensors are not suitable for the evaluation of vibrations above 500Hz. When working in the low frequency range, non-contact sensors can be used to identify vibration factors related to shaft imbalance and mechanical errors, such as gear radial runout, roundness, etc. It can also identify the size of the additional load caused by the gear force, torque and misalignment force on the shaft, identify bearing-related problems and possible instability. When installing non-contact sensors, it should be ensured that there is no large relative movement between the sensor and the bearing or the housing. It is best to use a rigid component to insert the sensor into the housing, and the sensor can be contacted from the outside, so that the sensor can be calibrated and repaired without opening the cover. The measuring surface should be concentric with the auxiliary neck and conform to the provisions of the evaluation level (see 5.1 Vibration measurement of the shaft). GB 8543-87
Appendix ℃
Subjective evaluation value of vibration
(reference)
This appendix provides a subjective evaluation basis for the mechanical vibration of the gear device, for reference only. The information in this appendix is ​​subjective and only applies to some typical gear devices as a general guideline. 8
Due to the different designs, sizes and application conditions of various gear devices, the requirements for vibration are also different. It is a very suitable evaluation standard for large low-speed ball mill gears, but it may not be suitable for high-speed gears or ship drive gears. Using the evaluation standard of high-speed gears for low-speed ball mill gears will increase unnecessary costs, so special care must be taken when selecting the acceptance level. The subjective evaluation value of vibration is shown in Figure C1, and the meaning of symbols is shown in Table C1.
Subjective evaluation value of vibration of AIR on MGR
Additional instructions:
GB8543-87
This standard is equivalent to ISO/TC60/WG9--N62. This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Committee. The main drafters of this standard are Qian Zhenxuan and Li Bonong, who are responsible for the Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute. Used in
navy ships, etc.
high speed (over 3600/min), etc.
industrial and commercial ships, etc.
low speed ball mills, etc.Due to the effect of the oil film, the vibration of the shaft is more or less suppressed. The sliding bearing is greatly affected by speed, torque, load and lubricant. When evaluating the vibration intensity of the bearing seat, the influence of these changing factors must be considered. Generally, under light load conditions, the vibration caused by the rotation effect of the shaft at 1 or 2 times the speed (generally caused by imbalance and eccentricity) may not be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat of the gear device, but under heavy load conditions, the intensity of these vibration transmission may be very high. In addition, the high-frequency vibration caused by gear meshing will also be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat and dominate the measured housing vibration signal. When measuring housing vibration, a velocity sensor or accelerometer can be used. The linear range of the velocity sensor depends on its type, generally 10 to 2500Hz. When it is lower than the gear meshing frequency of the high-speed gear installation, an accelerometer with a measurement range of not less than 10kHz should be used. The instrument needs to be adjusted during use. When converting the signal into a velocity signal, special attention should be paid to eliminating the influence of low-frequency noise. At the same time, it must be noted that the installation method of the sensor used should ensure the linear measurement range of the instrument. B.4 Measurement of the vibration displacement of the shaft
It is recommended to use a non-contact sensor to measure the displacement of the shaft. There are many forms of non-contact vibration sensors, and their measurement working principles are different. The main forms are capacitive, inductive and eddy current sensors: Eddy current sensors have the advantages of a wide frequency range, small size and insensitivity to changes in working environment conditions, so they are widely used in the measurement of gear devices. Non-contact sensors are generally used to measure the relative movement between the gear shaft and the bearing seat. Place the two probes perpendicular to each other on the specified measuring surface, and the movement trajectory of the gear shaft can be displayed by an oscilloscope. Most non-contact sensors (mainly eddy current sensors) can be used to determine the position of the shaft in the bearing clearance. Although the frequency response range of the eddy current speed transmitter is very wide (U~10kHz), when the frequency exceeds 500Hz, generally only a small amount of shaft vibration signal can be measured. Therefore, non-contact sensors are not suitable for the evaluation of vibrations above 500Hz. When the non-contact sensor works in the low frequency range, it can be used to identify the vibration factors related to the imbalance and mechanical error of the shaft, such as radial runout and roundness of the gear. It can also identify the size of the additional load on the shaft caused by the gear force, torque and misalignment force, and identify the relevant problems of the bearing and possible instability. When installing the non-contact sensor, it should be ensured that there is no large relative movement between the sensor and the bearing or the housing. It is best to use a rigid component to insert the sensor into the housing, and the sensor can be contacted from the outside, and the sensor can be calibrated and repaired without opening the cover. The measuring surface should be concentric with the auxiliary neck and conform to the provisions of the evaluation level (see 5.1 Vibration measurement of the shaft). GB 8543-87
Appendix℃
Subjective evaluation value of vibration
(reference)
This appendix provides a standard evaluation basis for the mechanical vibration of the gear device, for reference only. The information in this appendix is ​​subjective and only applies to some typical gear devices as a general guideline. 8
Due to the different designs, sizes and application conditions of various gear devices, the requirements for vibration are also different. This is a very suitable evaluation standard for large low-speed ball mill gears, but it may not be suitable for high-speed gears or ship drive gears. Using the evaluation standard of high-speed gears for low-speed ball mill gears will increase unnecessary costs, so when selecting the acceptance level, you must be particularly careful. The subjective evaluation value of vibration is shown in Figure C1, and the meaning of symbols is shown in Table C1.
Subjective evaluation value of vibration on AIR
Additional instructions:
GB8543-87
This standard is equivalent to ISO/TC60/WG9--N62. This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Committee. The main drafters of this standard are Qian Zhenxuan and Li Bonong, who are responsible for the Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute. Use
Navy ships, etc.
High speed (over 3600/min), etc.
Industrial and commercial ships, etc.
Low speed ball mill, etc.Due to the effect of the oil film, the vibration of the shaft is more or less suppressed. The sliding bearing is greatly affected by speed, torque, load and lubricant. When evaluating the vibration intensity of the bearing seat, the influence of these changing factors must be considered. Generally, under light load conditions, the vibration caused by the rotation effect of the shaft at 1 or 2 times the speed (generally caused by imbalance and eccentricity) may not be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat of the gear device, but under heavy load conditions, the intensity of these vibration transmission may be very high. In addition, the high-frequency vibration caused by gear meshing will also be strongly transmitted to the bearing seat and dominate the measured housing vibration signal. When measuring housing vibration, a velocity sensor or accelerometer can be used. The linear range of the velocity sensor depends on its type, generally 10 to 2500Hz. When it is lower than the gear meshing frequency of the high-speed gear installation, an accelerometer with a measurement range of not less than 10kHz should be used. The instrument needs to be adjusted during use. When converting the signal into a velocity signal, special attention should be paid to eliminating the influence of low-frequency noise. At the same time, it must be noted that the installation method of the sensor used should ensure the linear measurement range of the instrument. B.4 Measurement of the vibration displacement of the shaft
It is recommended to use a non-contact sensor to measure the displacement of the shaft. There are many forms of non-contact vibration sensors, and their measurement working principles are different. The main forms are capacitive, inductive and eddy current sensors: Eddy current sensors have the advantages of a wide frequency range, small size and insensitivity to changes in working environment conditions, so they are widely used in the measurement of gear devices. Non-contact sensors are generally used to measure the relative movement between the gear shaft and the bearing seat. Place the two probes perpendicular to each other on the specified measuring surface, and the movement trajectory of the gear shaft can be displayed by an oscilloscope. Most non-contact sensors (mainly eddy current sensors) can be used to determine the position of the shaft in the bearing clearance. Although the frequency response range of the eddy current speed transmitter is very wide (U~10kHz), when the frequency exceeds 500Hz, generally only a small amount of shaft vibration signal can be measured. Therefore, non-contact sensors are not suitable for the evaluation of vibrations above 500Hz. When the non-contact sensor works in the low frequency range, it can be used to identify the vibration factors related to the imbalance and mechanical error of the shaft, such as radial runout and roundness of the gear. It can also identify the size of the additional load on the shaft caused by the gear force, torque and misalignment force, and identify the relevant problems of the bearing and possible instability. When installing the non-contact sensor, it should be ensured that there is no large relative movement between the sensor and the bearing or the housing. It is best to use a rigid component to insert the sensor into the housing, and the sensor can be contacted from the outside, and the sensor can be calibrated and repaired without opening the cover. The measuring surface should be concentric with the auxiliary neck and conform to the provisions of the evaluation level (see 5.1 Vibration measurement of the shaft). GB 8543-87
Appendix℃
Subjective evaluation value of vibration
(reference)
This appendix provides a standard evaluation basis for the mechanical vibration of the gear device, for reference only. The information in this appendix is ​​subjective and only applies to some typical gear devices as a general guideline. 8
Due to the different designs, sizes and application conditions of various gear devices, the requirements for vibration are also different. This is a very suitable evaluation standard for large low-speed ball mill gears, but it may not be suitable for high-speed gears or ship drive gears. Using the evaluation standard of high-speed gears for low-speed ball mill gears will increase unnecessary costs, so when selecting the acceptance level, you must be particularly careful. The subjective evaluation value of vibration is shown in Figure C1, and the meaning of symbols is shown in Table C1.
Subjective evaluation value of vibration on AIR
Additional instructions:
GB8543-87
This standard is equivalent to ISO/TC60/WG9--N62. This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Committee. The main drafters of this standard are Qian Zhenxuan and Li Bonong, who are responsible for the Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute. Use
Navy ships, etc.
High speed (over 3600/min), etc.
Industrial and commercial ships, etc.
Low speed ball mill, etc.
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