LY/T 2201-2013 Technical Specifications for Green Branch Upright Layering of European Hybrid Hazel LY/T2201-2013 |tt||Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the technical requirements for green branch upright layering of European Hybrid Hazel (Corylusheterophylla Fisch.×Corylusavellana L.), such as the establishment of propagation nurseries, management of mother trees, layering seedlings, seedling transplanting and storage, seedling quarantine, seedling packaging and transportation, and file management. This standard is applicable to the green branch upright layering seedling propagation of European Hybrid Hazel. This standard was
drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard is proposed and managed by the State Forestry Administration.
The drafting units of this standard are: Forestry Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Economic Forest Research Institute of Liaoning Province, and China Hazelnut Research Institute of Yanqing County, Beijing.
The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Guixi, Liang Weijian, Ma Qinghua, Zhao Tiantian, Liang Lisong, and Zhao Feng.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T23473—2009 Quarantine regulations for the transportation of forestry plants and their products
LY/T2205—2013 Technical regulations for the cultivation of European hybrid hazelnuts Regulations on
Plant Quarantine (Decree No. 98 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, issued in 1992)

ICS65.020.01
Forest Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
LY/T22012013
Technical regulation on mound layering propagation of the green suckers of Ping'ou hybrid hazelnuts
2013-10-17 Issued
State Forestry Administration
2014-01-01 Implementation
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed and managed by the State Forestry Administration. LY/T2201—2013
The drafting units of this standard are: Forestry Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Liaoning Provincial Economic Forest Research Institute, and Beijing Yanqing County China Hazelnut Industry Research Institute.
The main drafters of this standard are Wang Guixi, Liang Weijian, Ma Qinghua, Zhao Tiantian, Liang Lisong and Zhao Feng. 1 Scope
Technical regulations for green branch upright layering seedlings of European and American hybrid hazel LY/T2201--2013
This standard specifies the technical requirements for green branch upright layering seedlings of European and American hybrid hazel (Corylus eterophylla Fisch. X Corylus avellana L.), such as the establishment of propagation nurseries, management of mother trees, layering seedlings, seedling transplanting and storage, seedling quarantine, seedling packaging and transportation, and file management.
This standard applies to green branch upright layering seedlings of European and American hybrid hazel. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) shall apply to this document. GB/T23473—2009 Quarantine regulations for transportation of forestry plants and their products LY/T2205-2013 Technical regulations for cultivation of European and American hybrid hazelnuts Plant Quarantine Regulations (Decree No. 98 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, issued in 1992) 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
Mound layering propagation of the green suckers The method of layering seedlings using green branches sprouting from root branches or basal branches or above-ground branches. 3.2
Slop-planting
The seedling trunk is planted at an angle of 30*~45° to the ground. 3.3
mound layering propagation by strip strip layering
The method of layering the green branches of densely planted mother trees in rows. 4 Establishment of propagation nursery
4.1 Site selection
Convenient transportation, flat terrain (slope not more than 10), fertile sandy loam or loam, PH5.5-8.0, irrigation conditions, easy drainage, groundwater level above 2m.
Can meet the growth period of seedlings after layering for not less than 110 days. Windy sites need to set up windbreaks. 4.2 Planting of mother trees
4.2.1 Planting method of mother trees
The planting method of mother trees is shown in Appendix A.
LY/T2201—2013
4.2.2 Spacing between rows and plantsWww.bzxZ.net
4.2.2.1 Single layering
Upright planting: 1.5m×2.0m: Inclined planting: (1.3m~1.5m)×(2.0m~2.5m). 4.2.2.2 Strip layering
Upright or inclined planting: Single row planting, (0.7m~1.0m)×(2.0m~3.0m); Wide and narrow double rows, narrow row 0.4m, wide row 2.0m~3.0m, spacing between plants 0.7m~1.0m
4.2.3 Planting
a): Upright planting: The root neck is 6cm~10cm below the ground, and the seedling is vertical to the ground. b) Inclined planting: the root neck is 6cm to 10cm below the ground, and the seedling trunk is inclined at an angle of 30° to 45° to the ground. For planting techniques and methods, see LY/T2205-2013. 4.2.4 Stem setting
After planting, the stem can be set, and the height of the stem setting is: a) Upright planting: 40cm to 60cm.
Inclined planting: single plant layering 60cm to 80cm: strip layering 50cm to 60cm. In the year of planting, take fixing measures to make the mother tree b)
main trunk attached to the ground.
5 Mother tree management
5.1 Shaping
One-year trees are shaped after the leaves fall in autumn and before the next year's buds. For upright planting trees, make them into a single trunk natural open tree shape, and select 3 branches distributed in different directions below the cut.
5.2 Pruning
5.2.1 Pruning time
Before bud break in spring.
5.2.2 Pruning of two-year-old trees
a) Straight planting, single pressing or belt pressing: Keep the single trunk shape, leave 3 branches in different directions above the trunk, and cut off the rest of the branches. Leave the outer buds on the main branches and lightly prune (about 1/3 cut off).
b) Oblique cutting, single pressing or belt pressing: Severely prune the one-year-old branches, leaving a stake height of 1cm3cm at the base. 5.2.3 Pruning of trees over three years old
Straight planting trees, keep the single trunk shape, and cut off branches below 80cm on the trunk. The pruning principles of thinning and heavy pruning should be adopted for the branches inside the crown. 5.2.4 Clean the tree tray before budding
Before budding, flatten the basal branches and sprout branches that sprouted last year without layering, and cut the base piles that remain too high after lifting the seedlings.
5.3 Fertilization
5.3.1 Quick-acting fertilizer
Fertilizer type: Apply quick-acting fertilizer once a year, preferably compound fertilizer containing N, P, and K. Fertilization time: Apply when the root millet green branch grows to a height of 10cm to 20cm. LY/T2201—2013
Fertilization method: Furrow application method, dig a 10cm~15cm deep ditch 15cm~20cm away from the outer side of the root cluster, and evenly draw fertilizer into the ditch, cover the soil and level it
Fertilizer quantity: 375kg~450kg of fertilizer per hectare for 2-year-old to 3-year-old mother plants, and 600kg~750kg per hectare for 4-year-old and above trees.
5.3.2 Basal fertilizer
Fertilizer type and quantity: Apply organic fertilizer, soil fertilizer and other basal fertilizers once a year, and apply 60t per hectare calculated by decomposed pig manure. Fertilization time: In the south, in autumn, after the seedlings are lifted and before the soil freezes, or in spring, after the soil thaws and before budding; in the north, in spring, after the soil thaws and before budding.
Fertilization method: open a ditch on both sides of the mother plant row, 10cm15cm away from the outer root cluster, 20cm~30cm deep, mix fertilizer and soil and apply, cover with soil and make it level.
5.4 Irrigation
In areas with annual precipitation below 500mm, irrigate in time according to the water conditions. In areas with annual precipitation of 50amm~600mm, irrigate once or twice a year:
5.5 Cold protection
In cold areas, add 25cm~30cm of soil to the base of the mother tree before winter. 5.6 Weeding and pest control
See LY/T2205-2013.
6 Layering seedlings
6.1 Layering period
When the height of the semi-lignified green branches of the current year used for layering reaches 60cm80cm, layering can be carried out. The growth period of the seedlings after layering is more than 110d.
6.2 Layering steps
6.2.1 Single plant layering
Branching and leaf removal: Cut off weak branches (height less than 40cm) and dense branches (spacing less than 3cm), and remove the leaves within 25cm of the base of the green branches. Horizontal succession: Use thin iron wire (22#~24#), binding wire and other materials to fix horizontal succession within 1cm~3cm above the ground at the base of the green branches.
Spray rooting agent: Spray rooting agent within 12cm above the horizontal succession position. If 3-indolebutyric acid is used, the concentration is 1000mg/kg. Hole enclosure: Use asphalt paper, thick plastic film and other materials to enclose the hole around the green branches (clumps) at a distance of 10cm to 15cm from the outer green branches, with a height of 25cm.
Filling substrate: Fill the hole with moistened sawdust, peat soil or Sarsaparilla to the height of the hole. 3
LY/T2201—2013
6.2.2 Strip layering
Branching and leaf removal, horizontal clarification and root promotion treatment are the same as 6.2.1. Use mechanical or manual methods to take soil on the spot to cultivate the base of the green branches, with a height of 25cm, and the width of the soil on both sides is 10cm to 15cm away from the outer green branches. Use asphalt paper, thick plastic film, wooden boards and other materials to enclose the green branches at 10cm to 15cm on both sides to form a groove, with a height of 25cm, and fill the groove with moist sawdust, peat soil and other substrates, with the filling thickness being the same as the height of the groove. 6.3 Field management after layering treatment
Keep the substrate or strip soil in the hole moist, and add water when it is dry. Pinching: Pinching is carried out when the layered branches grow to about 120cm. For layered branches that still grow vigorously after pinching, a second pinching treatment is required.
For weeding and pest control after layering, see LY/T2205-20136.4 Seedling raising
Seedling raising time: After the leaves fall in autumn, the seedlings should be raised in time for the substrates of sawdust and peat soil. For the substrates of sandy loam, the seedlings can be raised in autumn or spring.
Seedling raising method: For the substrates of sawdust, peat soil, etc., remove the enclosure materials and the surface substrate manually, and then pull out the seedlings manually. For the substrates of sand loam, etc., first dig out the outer sand with a hook, then use a toothed hook to remove the soil around the roots, and finally pull out the seedlings. Some roots are deeply embedded in the soil and need to be shoveled with a shovel to avoid tearing the roots. 6.5 Seedling specifications
Separate the seedlings while raising them. The grade specifications are in accordance with the requirements of Table 1. Table 1 Hazelnut seedling grades
First-level seedlings
Second-level seedlings
Second-level seedlings
Seedling height/cm
Above 80
Above 50
Ground diameter/em
Above 0.8
Above 0.5
More than 8 lignified lateral roots, and more than 20cm in length
More than 5 lignified lateral roots, and 12cm in length
Those that do not meet any of the second-level seedling standards are second-level seedlings and cannot be transplanted. 6.6 Bundling and labeling
Pests and diseases
After grading, 30 or 50 plants are bundled together, and each bundle is labeled with the variety, grade, quantity, origin, etc., and transported to a suitable location for transplanting. 7 Transplanting and storage of seedlings
7.1 Transplanting
Transplant the seedlings dug out in time, and bury the roots with wet soil. The thickness of the soil should be such that the roots are not exposed. Move to the storage location for storage before the soil freezes.
7.2 Storage
LY/T2201—2013
Storage in cellar: When the temperature is below 2℃, place the seedlings obliquely with the roots touching the ground, and bury the roots and the trunk 20cm near the roots in wet sand trench storage: Choose a well-drained location, dig a trench with a width of 1.0m1.5m and a depth of 1.3m~1.5m, place the seedlings obliquely with the roots touching the ground, and bury the roots and the seedlings 50cm below in wet sand and fill it tightly: Add insulation materials to the ground in severe winter and cover the trench tightly. Open-air storage: In humid and warm areas in winter and spring, open-air storage can be used. Choose a place that is sheltered from the wind and has good drainage to dig a trench with a depth of 40cm to 60cm. Place the roots of the seedlings downward and the stems tilted. Use wet sand or wet soil to bury the roots and stems of the seedlings. Pile the soil to 80cm to 100cm from the stem of the seedling. The thickness of the soil is 20cm to 30cm and the soil is tightly packed.
8 Seedling quarantine
In accordance with the requirements of GB/T23473-2009 and the "Plant Quarantine Regulations", quarantine the seedlings before transportation. 9 Seedling packaging and transportation
Seedlings should be packaged for long-distance transportation. The inner packaging should use moisturizing materials such as plastic film, and the outer packaging should use woven bags, cardboard boxes, wooden crates and other materials; keep the mixture mixed during transportation to prevent wind and sun. It can be transported from the time of seedling removal to before germination.
File management
Record the origin of the variety resources of Xinzhitong mother tree, and the distribution of varieties in the field: make records of transplanting, purchase and storage location maps, etc. LY/T2201—2013
Upright planting
Upright layering of green branches
Inclined planting
Single plant layering
Strip layering
Single plant layering
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Planting method of mother tree
Single row layering
Double row layering
Single row layering
Strip layering
(Double row layering
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