Some standard content:
JB/T10138--1999
This standard recommends 15 typical steel grades, including 10 steel grades listed in ASTMA534:-1990 "Carburizing steel for wear-resistant bearings", and another 5, one of which is the steel grade 17CrNiMo6 in the German (DIN) standard, two are the steel grades SNCM616 and SNCM420 in the Japanese (JIS) standard, and two are the steel grades frequently used in the domestic market. Most of the steels listed in this standard are expressed in accordance with GB/T2211979 "Method for indicating steel product grades", and the control range of chemical composition is different from that of individual elements in ASTMA534--1990, because this standard is determined according to GB/T13304--1991 "Steel Classification"; the difference in the allowable deviation of finished product chemical analysis is because this standard is applicable to forgings or forgings, while ASTMA534-1990 is applicable to steel. The hardness requirement of this standard is to indicate the specific value after the prescribed heat treatment, mainly considering the ease of subsequent processing. This standard does not list the hardenability and decarburization layer test in Chapters 9 and 10 because the scope of application of this standard is forgings and forgings, but it is listed in Appendix A. This standard uses text to qualitatively describe surface defects, and ASTMA5311990) uses a table to make detailed numerical provisions for decarburization and surface defects. Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
This standard is proposed and managed by Deyang Large Casting and Forging Research Institute. The drafting unit of this standard: CITIC Heavy Machinery Company Technology Institute. The main drafter of this standard: Ma Hong.
1 Scope
Mechanical Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China
Carburizing bearing steel forgings
Carburizing bearing steel forgingJB/T101381999
This standard is applicable to the manufacture of high-quality carburizing bearing steel forgings and forgings for rolling bearing rings and rolling parts. This standard provides optional technical requirements, which can be stated in the contract when necessary. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/I222-1984 Sampling method for chemical analysis of steel and allowable deviation of chemical composition of finished products GB/T223-19811997 Chemical analysis methods for steel and alloys GB/T2241987 Determination of the depth of decarburization layer in steel GB/T 225--1988
GB/T 231-1984
GB/T 908—1987
Test method for hardenability of steel by end quenching
Metal Brinell hardness test method
Dimensions, shape, weight and allowable deviation of forged round and square steel GB/T105611989 Microscopic evaluation method for non-metallic inclusions in steel GB/T 15826--1995
Mechanical processing allowance and tolerance of steel free forgings on hammer YB/F5148-1993
Method for determining average grain size of metal
3 Ordering conditions
3.1 When placing an order, the purchaser (or supplier) shall provide the order drawings and relevant technical documents approved by both parties. 3.2 The purchaser shall indicate whether there are any additional requirements in the order contract. 4 Materials and manufacturing methods
4.1 This type of steel shall be smelted in a steelmaking furnace that can meet the requirements of this standard. The smelting method shall be agreed by the purchaser, unless otherwise agreed by the supply and demand parties. 4.2 When forging steel ingots, sufficient removal shall be ensured at both ends to ensure that there is no shrinkage cavity and severe component segregation in the forging. 4.3 Appropriate equipment shall be selected during forging to ensure full forging penetration. 5 Chemical composition and analysis
5.1 The recommended typical steel grades and chemical compositions are shown in Table 1. Other steel grades may be selected upon agreement between the supplier and the buyer. The chemical analysis method shall be in accordance with G3/T223.
5.2 The supplier shall conduct chemical composition analysis on each furnace of molten steel to determine the percentage of the specified elements. The chemical composition shall meet the specified requirements. The samples used for chemical analysis shall be cast at the same time as the steel ingots of the smelting furnace. Approved by the State Machinery Industry Bureau on September 17, 1999, and implemented on January 1, 2000
G20CrMo
G20CrNiMnMo
G20CrMn
G17CrNiMo
G20CrNiMo
G20Ni2Mo
G20CrNi2Mo
G10CrNi3Mo
G17Cr2Ni2Mo
G17Cr2Ni3MnMo
Gl0Cr2Ni4
G12Cr2Ni4
G20Cr2Ni4
G17Ni4Mo
G20Ni4Mo
0. 17~- 0. 23
0. 18~~0. 23
0. 17~0.22
0. 14~-0.20
0. 17~0. 22
0. 17~~0. 22
0. 17 ~~0. 22
0. 08~~0. 13
0.1 4~0.19
0.13~0.20
0.08~0.13
0. 10~0.15
0.17~0.23
0. 14~0. 20
0. 17~~0. 23
JB/T10138--1999
0. 65 ~~0. 95
0. 70~0. 90
0. 70~~0. 90
0.60~0.95
0.50~0.70
0. 45~0. 6 5
0. 15~~0. 65
0.45~0.65
0.40~0.60
0. 80~1. 20
0. 45~0.60
0. 45 ~0. 65
0.30~~0.60
0.30~~0.70
0. 40~0.80
Chemical composition
0. 20~~0. 35
0.15~0.35
0. 15~0.35
0.15~0.3 5
0.15~~0.35bZxz.net
0.15~~0.35
0. 15 ~~0. 35
0. 150. 35
0. 15~~~0. 35
0.15~0.35
0. 15~0. 35
0.15-0.40
0.15~~0. 35
0. 15~~0. 35
Note: The sulfur and phosphorus contents shall not exceed 0.025%, and the residual copper content shall not exceed 0.25%. Ni | t||2. 80 ~ 3. 20 | | tt | | 3. 25 ~ 3. 75 | ~~ 0. 60
0.70~0. 90
0.35~0. 65
0.35~0.55
0. 40~0. 60
1. 00-~1. 40
1.50~1.80
1.40~1.80||t t||1.40～1.75
1. 35~~1. 75
1. 25～1, 75
0.08~-0.15
0. 15 ~0. 25
0. 15～0. 25
0.15~0.25
0.20~0.30
0. 20-0. 30
0.08 ~- 0. 15
0. 25 ~~ 0. 35
0.40~0.60
0.20~0.30
0. 20~~0. 30
The purchaser may take samples for analysis from the forged products and finished products representing each smelting furnace number. The chemical composition of the finished products is allowed to deviate from that specified in Table 25.3
compared with that in Table 1. The sampling method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T222. Table 2 Allowable deviation in finished product analysis
Element content range
>1.00～2.00
≥2. 00 ~5. 30
≥>0. 90~2.10
>0. 20~-0. 40
>0. 40~1. 15
≤7850 mm2
Allowable deviation of different cross-sectional areas
>7850~65000mm|>65000130000mm2±0.02
≥130 000~-260 000 mm
6 Dimensions, appearance, allowable deviation and delivery status JB/T 10138—1999
6.1 The shape, size and allowable deviation of forgings shall comply with GB/T908, GB/T15826 or the standards selected by the supplier and the buyer. 6.2 The shape, size and allowable deviation of forgings shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the buyer. 6.3 Forgings and forgings shall be delivered in the normalized and tempered state or in the state agreed upon by both parties. 7 Macrostructure inspection and inclusion rating
7.1 The supplier shall conduct necessary inspections on forgings and forgings and be responsible for the quality. The supplier shall report the inspection results of both or one of the macrostructure inspection and inclusion rating to the buyer in accordance with the contract. 7.2 The number, location and sample size of the macrostructure and inclusion rating samples shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the buyer. 7.3 Low-power acid immersion test should be carried out in 1:1 hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at 71-82℃, or electrolytic corrosion in 15%~20% (volume ratio) industrial salt solution at 30℃, with corrosion voltage less than 20V, current density (0.1~1)A/cm, time 5~30)min, corrosion surface parallel electrodes, inter-electrode spacing not less than 20mm. The sample should not have white spots, shrinkage cavities, severe shrinkage or segregation, and harmful inclusions.
7.4 Inclusion rating should be evaluated according to the actual test method 3.2.21A method specified in GB/T10561-1989, and the result expression should be in accordance with 4.3 of GB/T10561-1989. The test results should meet the level specified in Table 3. The sample size is 10mm×20mm, and is cut from the center of the forged, forged or forged test block to the 1/2 part of the surface. Table 3 Inclusion rating
8 Grain size
The grain size determination shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of YB/T5148, and the grain size shall be grade 6 or finer. Forgings that do not meet the requirements shall be re-inspected after normalizing at 927C or higher. 9 Hardness
After normalizing and tempering, the hardness of forgings shall not exceed 229HB, among which G20Cr2Ni4 shall not exceed 241HB. The test method shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T231.
10 Surface defects
Forgings are not allowed to have surface defects such as cracks, folds, spots, pits, etc. that affect the quality of the finished product; if there are surface defects, appropriate methods must be taken to remove them, and the allowable depth of the surface defects shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer. 11 Inspection and acceptance
The supplier shall provide convenience for the buyer's acceptance personnel to ensure that the forgings and forgings produced and provided by the buyer meet the requirements of this standard. Inspections by the purchaser at the supplier's plant shall not affect production operations. If there is no other agreement, all tests and inspections covered by this standard shall be carried out at the supplier's plant.
JB/T10138
8—1999
Each forging and forging shall be clearly marked with the contract number, steel grade, melting furnace number and forging card number. Certificate
According to the contract or the purchaser's requirements, the supplier shall provide a quality certificate of the forging or forging produced and inspected in accordance with this standard at the time of delivery. 344
3—1999
JB/T10138
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical requirements
Only when the purchaser has specified in the contract, individual or all of the following technical requirements shall apply. The adopted technical requirements shall have the same effect as the main text of this standard. The details of the technical requirements shall be negotiated by the supplier and the buyer, but the main text of this standard shall not be negated. A1 Residual elements
The buyer may require the manufacturer to provide analysis of titanium, aluminum and oxygen elements, and the two parties shall negotiate the number and location of samples. A2 "SAM" inclusion rating system
A2.1 In addition to the inclusion rating specified in 7.4, the purchaser may specify the "SAM\ inclusion rating system. This is a method for determining the cleanliness of bearing steel. In addition to assessing severe conditions, it can also reflect the frequency of occurrence of larger particle oxidized inclusions. The results are expressed in two rating numbers reflecting the content of type B and type D inclusions.
A2.2 Sampling is carried out in accordance with 7.2.
A2.3 Inclusion rating is carried out in accordance with 7.4 or as agreed by the supplier and the purchaser. A3 Calcium addition
Without special permission from the purchaser, calcium and calcium alloys shall not be intentionally added to deoxidize or control inclusion morphology. Lime and/or fluorite are allowed when slagging.
A4 Magnetic particle method
In addition to the inclusion rating method described in 7.4, the purchaser may specify the use of the magnetic particle method, and its preparation, inspection and use of the magnetic particle method shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser.
A5 Banding
The change in hardness of the banded area and the sampling shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. Microstructure
The appropriate microstructure structure shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. A7 Hardenability
A7.1 Each heat of steel shall be tested for hardenability in accordance with the method in GB/T225, and the permeability value shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. A7.2 The limit value of hardenability shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. A8 Decarburization layer
The decarburization layer shall be tested by the metallographic method in GB/T224, and the decarburization depth shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. 3453 regulations, the test results shall meet the level specified in Table 3. The sample size is 10mm×20mm, and it is cut from the center of the forged part, forging or forging test block to the 1/2 part of the surface. Table 3 Inclusion rating
8 Grain size
Grain size determination shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of YB/T5148, and the grain size shall be 6 or finer. Forged parts and forgings that do not meet the requirements shall be re-inspected after normalizing at 927C or higher. 9 Hardness
After normalizing and tempering, the hardness of forged parts and forgings shall not exceed 229HB, among which G20Cr2Ni4 shall not exceed 241HB. The test method shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T231.
10 Surface defects
Forged parts and forgings are not allowed to have surface defects such as cracks, folds, spots, pits, etc. that affect the quality of the finished product; if there are surface defects, appropriate methods must be taken to remove them, and the allowable depth of the surface defects shall be determined by negotiation between the supply and demand parties. 11 Inspection and Acceptance
The supplier shall provide convenience for the purchaser's acceptance personnel to ensure that the purchaser is satisfied that the forgings and forgings produced and provided are in compliance with the provisions of this standard. The purchaser's inspection at the supplier's factory shall not affect production operations. Unless otherwise agreed, all tests and inspections covered by this standard shall be carried out at the supplier's factory.
JB/T10138
8—1999
Each forging or forging shall be clearly marked with the contract number, steel grade, melting furnace number and forging card number. Certificate
According to the contract or the purchaser's requirements, the supplier shall provide the quality certificate of the forging or forging produced and inspected in accordance with this standard at the time of delivery. 344
3—1999
JB/T10138
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical requirements
Only when the purchaser has specified in the contract, some or all of the following technical requirements shall apply. The adopted technical requirements shall have the same effect as the main text of this standard. The details of the technical requirements shall be negotiated by the supplier and the purchaser, but shall not negate the main text of this standard. A1 Residual elements
The purchaser may request the manufacturer to provide analysis of titanium, aluminum, and oxygen elements, and the two parties shall agree on the number and location of sampling. A2 "SAM" inclusion rating system
A2.1 In addition to the inclusion rating specified in 7.4, the purchaser may specify the use of the "SAM\ inclusion rating system. This is a method for determining the cleanliness of bearing steel. In addition to assessing severe conditions, it can also reflect the frequency of occurrence of larger particle oxidized impurities. The results are expressed in two rating numbers that reflect the content of type B and type D inclusions.
A2.2 Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with 7.2.
A2.3 Inclusion rating shall be carried out in accordance with 7.4 or agreed upon by the supply and demand parties.A3 Calcium addition
Without special permission from the purchaser, calcium and calcium alloys shall not be intentionally added to deoxidize or control the morphology of inclusions. Lime and/or fluorite are allowed to be used during slag making.
A4 Magnetic particle method
In addition to the inclusion rating method described in 7.4, the purchaser may specify the use of the magnetic particle method, and its preparation, inspection and use of the magnetic particle method shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser.
A5 Banding
The change in hardness of the banded area and the sampling shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. Microstructure
The appropriate microstructure structure shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. A7 Hardenability
A7.1 Each heat of steel shall be tested for hardenability in accordance with the method in GB/T225, and the permeability value shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. A7.2 The limit value of hardenability shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. A8 Decarburization layer
The decarburization layer shall be tested by the metallographic method in GB/T224, and the decarburization depth shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. 3453 regulations, the test results shall meet the level specified in Table 3. The sample size is 10mm×20mm, and it is cut from the center of the forged part, forging or forging test block to the 1/2 part of the surface. Table 3 Inclusion rating
8 Grain size
Grain size determination shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of YB/T5148, and the grain size shall be 6 or finer. Forged parts and forgings that do not meet the requirements shall be re-inspected after normalizing at 927C or higher. 9 Hardness
After normalizing and tempering, the hardness of forged parts and forgings shall not exceed 229HB, among which G20Cr2Ni4 shall not exceed 241HB. The test method shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T231.
10 Surface defects
Forged parts and forgings are not allowed to have surface defects such as cracks, folds, spots, pits, etc. that affect the quality of the finished product; if there are surface defects, appropriate methods must be taken to remove them, and the allowable depth of the surface defects shall be determined by negotiation between the supply and demand parties. 11 Inspection and Acceptance
The supplier shall provide convenience for the purchaser's acceptance personnel to ensure that the purchaser is satisfied that the forgings and forgings produced and provided are in compliance with the provisions of this standard. The purchaser's inspection at the supplier's factory shall not affect production operations. Unless otherwise agreed, all tests and inspections covered by this standard shall be carried out at the supplier's factory.
JB/T10138
8—1999
Each forging or forging shall be clearly marked with the contract number, steel grade, melting furnace number and forging card number. Certificate
According to the contract or the purchaser's requirements, the supplier shall provide the quality certificate of the forging or forging produced and inspected in accordance with this standard at the time of delivery. 344
3—1999
JB/T10138
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical requirements
Only when the purchaser has specified in the contract, some or all of the following technical requirements shall apply. The adopted technical requirements shall have the same effect as the main text of this standard. The details of the technical requirements shall be negotiated by the supplier and the purchaser, but shall not negate the main text of this standard. A1 Residual elements
The purchaser may request the manufacturer to provide analysis of titanium, aluminum, and oxygen elements, and the two parties shall agree on the number and location of sampling. A2 "SAM" inclusion rating system
A2.1 In addition to the inclusion rating specified in 7.4, the purchaser may specify the use of the "SAM\ inclusion rating system. This is a method for determining the cleanliness of bearing steel. In addition to assessing severe conditions, it can also reflect the frequency of occurrence of larger particle oxidized impurities. The results are expressed in two rating numbers that reflect the content of type B and type D inclusions.
A2.2 Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with 7.2.
A2.3 Inclusion rating shall be carried out in accordance with 7.4 or agreed upon by the supply and demand parties.A3 Calcium addition
Without special permission from the purchaser, calcium and calcium alloys shall not be intentionally added to deoxidize or control the morphology of inclusions. Lime and/or fluorite are allowed to be used during slag making.
A4 Magnetic particle method
In addition to the inclusion rating method described in 7.4, the purchaser may specify the use of the magnetic particle method, and its preparation, inspection and use of the magnetic particle method shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser.
A5 Banding
The change in hardness of the banded area and the sampling shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. Microstructure
The appropriate microstructure structure shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. A7 Hardenability
A7.1 Each heat of steel shall be tested for hardenability in accordance with the method in GB/T225, and the permeability value shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. A7.2 The limit value of hardenability shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. A8 Decarburization layer
The decarburization layer shall be tested by the metallographic method in GB/T224, and the decarburization depth shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. 345
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