Some standard content:
ICS53.080
J83
JB
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB5320-2000
Scissor lift table
Safety Regulations
Scissorselevatingplatforms-Safetyrules2000-04-24 Release
National Machinery Industry Bureau
Release
2000-10-01 Implementation
JB5320--2000| |tt||Foreword
This standard is a revision of JB5320.4-91 "Safety Regulations for Scissor Lifts". During the revision, editorial changes were made to the original standard. Compared with the original standard, the main technical contents of this standard are modified as follows: 1. Increased dangers easily caused by scissor lifts: 2. Added technical content such as structural safety factors; 3. Added Appendix A.
This standard replaces JB5320.4-91 from the date of implementation. Appendix A of this standard is a reminder appendix.
This standard is proposed and managed by Beijing Hoisting and Transportation Machinery Research Institute. The organization responsible for drafting this standard: Beijing Hoisting and Transportation Machinery Research Institute. Units participating in the drafting of this standard: Taiyuan Southworth Lift Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Rugao Loading and Unloading Machinery Factory, Shandong Jiyang Machinery Factory. The main drafters of this standard: Wang Wanyong and Tan Junlong. 1Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety regulations for scissor lifts
Scissors elevating platforms--Safety rulesJB5320—2000
Replaces JB5320.4—91
This standard is applicable to various lifting platforms whose lifting part has a scissor-type structure, namely fixed lifting platforms, mobile lifting platforms, self-propelled lifting platforms (DC motor driven, AC motor driven), and lifting vehicles. . This standard specifies the safety requirements for the design, manufacture, inspection, use and scrapping of scissor lifts. Scissor lifts are mainly used for climbing operations and vertical transportation of items. , the scissor lift table can be used at any height within the designed lifting and lowering height range.
2 Reference standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute provisions of this standard by being quoted in this standard. When each standard is published, the editions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the standard listed below. GB/T985—1988
GB/T 9861988
GB/T3323—1987
GB/T3766—1983
GB/T 5117—1995
GB/T 5118---1995
GB/T52931985
GB/T 8110--1995
3 Various hazards
Gas welding, manual arc welding and gas protection Basic forms and dimensions of welding grooves Basic forms and dimensions of submerged arc welding grooves Pin fusion welding butt joints Radiography and quality grading General technical conditions for hydraulic systems
Carbon steel electrodes
Low-alloy steel welding rods
Flux for carbon steel submerged arc welding
Carbon steel and low-alloy steel welding wires for gas shielded arc welding The dangers easily caused by scissor-type lifting tables are as follows: a) Mechanical hazards;
b) Electrical hazards:
c) Hazards due to neglect of human T-erics during design: d) Hazards due to energy failure, damage to mechanical parts or other functional failures: e) Hazards arising from faulty or incorrect positioning of safety measures. 4 Safety requirements
4.1 Metal structure
4.1.1 The layout of the structure should be convenient for inspection and maintenance. 4.1.2 Structural safety factor
National Machinery Industry Bureau approved on 2000-04-24 for implementation on 2000-10-01
JB5320-2000
When determining the safety factor, the design stress must be When the lifting platform is placed on a horizontal surface, the workbench can evenly bear the maximum load and the maximum stress generated in the components when used according to the instruction manual. The safety factor n is calculated according to formula (1): ns
5
(S, +8,)
where: 8—yield limit of plastic materials, strength of brittle materials Limit, Pa; 8, - the stress caused by the structure's own weight, Pa8, the increased stress in the structural member when bearing the maximum load, Pa; - the stress concentration factor:
dynamic load coefficient.
(1)
Note: The values ??of the six sums and can be obtained through experimental analysis on the prototype. If the test structure is not used, the values ??of Wan and Ren shall not be less than 1.10 and 1.25 respectively. a) The safety factor n of the lifting platform load-bearing components (excluding brittle materials) calculated according to formula (1) shall not be less than 2; b) The material of the lifting platform load-bearing components made of non-toxic materials (such as cast iron, etc.) is according to formula (1) The obtained safety factor n shall not be less than 5: S) When the workbench bears the maximum load and the lifting power is delivered through a steel cable or chain, or a system using both, the safety factor n of the steel cable and chain shall not be less than 8.
4.1.3 Structural parts welding requirements
a) Welding work must be performed by qualified welders; b) The type and size of coal joints should comply with the regulations of GB/T985 and GB/T986; c ) Welding rods, welding wires and fluxes should be compatible with the materials to be welded, and comply with the provisions of GB/T5t17, GB/T5118, GB/T5293 and GB/T8110:
d) The welds of the main stressed components should comply with The requirements of the second level regulations in GB/T3323 (can be randomly inspected). The outside of the weld should meet the following requirements:
No burn-through is allowed, no cracks are allowed in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the weld, and on the parent metal, the continuous weld must not be interrupted, the formation of scaly ripples should be uniform, and the maximum height difference should be Less than 2mm; - The undercut length should not exceed 10% of the weld length, and the depth should not exceed 0.4mm; welding slag, welding nodules, etc. are not allowed in the weld. 4.1.4 Structural parts are scrapped
a) When the main stress-bearing components are deformed or unstable, causing overall instability of the structure, they should be scrapped: b) When the main stress-bearing components crack, the decision to stop should be made based on the stress and crack conditions. Use, replace or scrap: c) The main stress-bearing components should be scrapped when the working mechanism cannot operate normally due to plastic deformation. 4.2 Stability
4.2.1 The stability coefficient of the lifting platform is:
M
KbzxZ.net
M.
where: M - total resistance to overturning Moment:
M - total overturning moment, M, ≥ 1.4.
(2)
4.2.2 If the workbench of the lifting platform is extended, the workbench must be brought to the extreme position, and 130% of the load borne by this part shall be evenly distributed on the extended part. The maximum load capacity should be stable at the maximum lifting height. 4.2.3 Stability to withstand eccentric loads
2
JB5320-2000
The lifting platform is placed on the horizontal plane, the legs are extended and the chassis is kept horizontal, and the maximum load capacity is The concentrated load is placed at any position that is 1/3 of the length or width of the workbench from the periphery of the T workbench. It should be stable at the maximum lifting height. 4.2.4 The natural deviation of the lifting platform during the lifting process must not be large. 0.5% maximum lifting height. 4.2.5 The lifting platform must be equipped with a device to prevent the retraction of the outriggers. When the workbench bears the maximum load and stays for 15 minutes, the retraction amount of the outriggers shall not be greater than 3mm. || tt | |4.3.1—General requirements
a) The design, configuration and marking of manual manipulators should meet the following requirements: - it must be clearly visible and identifiable, and appropriately marked where necessary; - it must be able to be operated safely and immediately, And the action is clear (e.g. standard arrangement of manipulators) and its position (for buttons) and movement (for hands and handwheels) are constant with its action: its operation does not give rise to additional risks.
b) The design and configuration of indicators, dials and visual display devices should meet the following requirements: 1. It should be within the range of parameters and characteristics that people can perceive; 1. The display of information should be easy to see, identify and understand. , that is, it should be durable. Clear, precise meaning, and clear to the operator's requirements and intended use:
The operator can see them from the operating position: - The operator from the main operating position should be able to confirm that no one is facing the danger zone, otherwise, the operating system The machine shall be designed and constructed so that an audible or visual warning signal is given whenever the machine is to be started. 4.3.2. Steering control
The steering control system should be light, flexible and reliable. a) Lift truck
The steering control system of the lift truck should depend on the vehicle concerned, b) Mobile lift table (Figure 1)
The joystick generally rotates in the horizontal plane, and the operating lever is in the middle In this position, the lifting platform travels in a straight line, and the direction in which the joystick swings in the horizontal plane is the turning direction of the lifting platform.
c) Self-propelled lifting platform (Figure 2)
All steering operations must be limited to the outline of the lifting platform plan or be protected so that the lifting platform can pass through obstacles, wall-increasing columns, etc. When in gear, the operator will not be injured by manipulating the steering surface: the rotation direction of the steering wheel (or handle) is consistent with the direction of the lifting platform: when the lifting platform generates a steering impact while driving, the impact force is transmitted to the steering wheel (or handle) Not more than 200N when: - The steering mechanism must be able to prevent further rotation due to the reaction surface of the road; the control handle must be equipped with facilities to protect the operator's hands; when the control handle rotates in the horizontal plane, its direction of rotation is the lifting platform The changing direction, 3
4.3.3 Travel drive control
JB5320--2000
?
Mobile lift table
Figure 1||tt ||+
Figure 2 Self-propelled lift
a) The driving control of the lift depends on the vehicle concerned. b) Self-propelled lifting platform
The driving power is generally an internal combustion engine or electricity; the driving control must be activated after the direction control is activated (it can also be activated at the same time) to avoid collision accidents: manual driving is required Driving power shut-off device (can be a key or other manual switch), the operator must turn off the driving power (or disengage the clutch between the engine and the traveling mechanism) and cut off all control circuits when leaving the operating position: the forward or backward movement of the lifting platform must be A control device indicating the direction of forward and backward control or selection; when the lifting platform is braking, the braking must be flexible and reliable, and there must be no deviation. The power source should be cut off while braking. 4.4 Power system and its accessories
4.4.1 Powered by internal combustion engine
a) The layout of the Lingqi exhaust system and cooling system must fully consider the health of the operator and other personnel, and the exhaust gas should be Comply with relevant national standards;
b) Fuel system components should not be installed near the engine heat source, they must be supported and tightened to reduce vibration and friction, and isolated from the electrical system and exhaust gas exhaust system: ||tt| |c) The engine must be elastically supported on the chassis. When the engine is turned off for refueling, the brake must be functional and reliable. 4.4.2 Powered by falling batteries
a) There should be no short circuit at the battery terminals: b) There must be a ventilation hole above the battery box, and the opening of the cover must be able to prevent foreign objects from entering: the battery is in the box must be fixed and must not be moved; the liquid that overflows or leaks from the battery must not damage or corrode the mechanical parts. c) The charging connector must be arranged to be isolated from the various T circuits of the lifting platform when charging with the battery: d) All live parts Short circuit must be prevented, and the resistor should be prevented from overheating and damage: JB5320—2000
e) The original battery may not be replaced by a different model of battery without approval. 4.4.3 Powered by alternating current
a) An emergency power-off switch must be set up to cut off the power supply in an emergency: the emergency power-off switch should be located in a place convenient for the operator:
b) There must be grounding (or zero connection) protection, short circuit protection, overcurrent protection and other devices in the power circuit. It is strictly forbidden to use the ground wire as the current-carrying neutral wire.
4.5 Transmission and control system
4.5.1 General requirements
a) When designing, full attention should be paid to potentially dangerous machine conditions that may lead to unexpected changes, such as unexpected starts and speed changes. Loss of control, moving parts cannot be stopped, safety devices are blocked, etc.: b) Measures must be taken to make it safe and easy for the operator to intervene: c) When the power is reconnected after being cut off, the machine should be prevented from restarting spontaneously; d) Manipulators should be configured as much as possible so that the parts being controlled can be seen when operating them; the functions of each manipulator should be clearly marked, and their functions should not interfere with each other.
4.5.2 Hydraulic system
a) The design and installation of the hydraulic system shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T3766; b) The setting force of the safety valve in the hydraulic system shall not be greater than that of the system The maximum T. operating pressure is 110%; c) When using a hydraulic motor as the driving device for a self-propelled lifting platform, measures must be taken to prevent the motor from operating in pump mode: d) The resistance of the manual valve in the hydraulic system during operation should be Uniform, without impact and beating; e) Oil should be used according to the design requirements, and the oil should be replaced regularly according to the instructions for use. 4.5.3 Control circuit
a) The control circuit of the lifting platform should ensure that the control function meets the requirements of the mechanical, hydraulic and electrical systems, and there must be no error loops, parasitic loops and false loops:
b) Remote control Any machinery controlled by circuits and automatic control circuits must automatically stop working once the control fails; c) The control of the lifting and lowering of the T platform on the workbench and on the ground should be interlocked. The voltage of the manual control button shall not be greater than 60V-4.6 Other safety requirements
4.6.1 Operator's position and protection
a) Operator's position
Self-propelled lifting platform with driver's seat The operator's position must be designed so that during normal operation, the operator's position is always within the bottom line of the lift platform's flat wheel, and it is convenient for the operator to get in and out. The floor and foot surfaces must be non-slip. b) When the operator is in the normal operating position , the following gaps must be used around the operator to protect them from injury, fingers 25mm, hands or feet: 50mm, arms or legs: 100mm, protective facilities can also be used instead of the above gap sizes. 4.6.2 Safety protection device for lower workbench lifting
a) When there is a failure in the power, oil circuit, etc., there must be a safety device that can prevent the workbench from falling out of control (controlled descent is allowed); b) If the workbench If it can extend horizontally beyond the bottom frame of the lifting platform and there are obstacles under the workbench, there must be a device to prevent the workbench from descending when there is a problem in the oil circuit;
c) If the T workbench can be on the horizontal surface When rotating to a certain angle, there must be a locking device to lock the T work table; when in the driving state 5
, the work table must not rotate:
JB5320-2000|| tt||d) When the worktable rises to the maximum lifting height (except for lifting tables using piston cylinders in the lifting mechanism), the rising limit position limiter must automatically cut off the power source for the worktable to rise. 4.6.3 Traveling wheel protective cover
If the traveling wheels of the lifting platform exceed the outline line of the chassis, they should be effectively protected. 4.6.4 Alarm device
Lift vehicles and self-propelled lifts traveling at a speed greater than 4km/h must be equipped with an alarm device that can clearly hear (or see) the warning.
4.6.5 T workbench for manned operations
There must be protective railings or other protective facilities with a height of not less than: 1000mm (except for special requirements) around the workbench. The railings should withstand static concentration. No damage under load of 1000N: T. The surface of the worktable should be non-slip; there should be an emergency lowering device when the power source of the lifting platform is cut off. 5 Usage information
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Usage information should clearly specify the intended use of the lifting platform, and should include instructions for use with signals and warning devices to ensure safety.
a) If the lifting platform is equipped with visual signals (such as flash lights) and auditory signals (such as alarms) for imminent dangerous events (such as lifting platform lifting and starting or stall alarm, etc.), the signals must meet the following requirements :-Emitted before a dangerous event occurs:
Exact meaning:
can be clearly detected and can be distinguished from other signals used: - easily recognized by the user.
b) The design and configuration of the warning device should be convenient for inspection, and the operation manual should describe the inspection instructions for the warning device. 5.1.2 Signs, symbols (pictograms), text warnings a) The lifting platform should have the following signs: product name;
name of a manufacturer;
- model: ||tt| |One number:
One production period:
One maximum lifting height or stroke;
One lifting speed:
One rated load-bearing quality;||tt ||T is the length × width of the table. || tt | The signs must comply with the standards, and the signs of electrical devices should comply with the provisions of the corresponding standards. 5.2 Operator’s safe operating procedures
5.2.1 The operator must conduct a comprehensive inspection of the working environment and relevant parts of the lifting platform before operation in accordance with the requirements of the instruction manual. If abnormal conditions are found, they must be eliminated before operation. 5.2.2 Driving operation
a) Before the lift platform travels, the workbench must be lowered to the lowest position to cut off the power for the workbench to rise. There must be no people or loads on the workbench when the lift platform is moving (except for special lift platforms) b) The driving operation of the lift truck must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the relevant vehicle. c) Operators of self-propelled lifts:
- Must abide by relevant traffic rules;
- During normal operation, emergency stops, sudden starts, high-speed changes and reverse braking are not allowed: - Slow When going up or downhill, if you need to change on a slope or drive across a slope, measures must be taken to prevent overturning; after parking, the control device should be in the middle position, turn off the power source, and the parking brake will work: 1. Driving power When using electric power, pay attention to the wiring phase (motor rotation direction). 5.2.3 Lifting operation
The driving power source must be cut off before lifting operation. When the lifting power is electric power, attention should be paid to the wiring phase (motor rotation direction). a) Before the lifting platform starts to be put into operation, the chassis needs to be leveled with the legs and the legs must be firmly padded. b) The operator must concentrate and operate in accordance with the operating sequence specified in the instruction manual. c) During the lifting process, the workbench should be stable and flexible, and no sudden jump or jamming should occur. If the above phenomenon occurs, it should be stopped immediately for inspection, and efforts should be made to eliminate it before starting work. d) When any of the following situations occurs in the hydraulic system, it should be stopped immediately for inspection and measures should be taken to eliminate: 1. Abnormal noise;
Oil temperature rises rapidly;
Abnormal cylinder pressure and oil return pressure: || tt||Oil leakage from the oil line;
"The workbench does not move when the "up" or "down" button is pressed, or the "up" or "down" manual valve is pushed, e) while performing 5.2. If the T platform does not move after pressing the "up" or "down" button in 3d), in addition to checking the hydraulic system, you should also check whether the lifting mechanism is stuck, whether there is a disconnection in the electrical part, and whether the Overloading.) Clearance
After the workbench is raised to the highest height, there should be the following clearance around the workbench: 1. There should be safety clearance above the workbench: 1. There should be safety clearance below the workbench that can be extended horizontally Clearance: A workbench that can rotate horizontally should have safe rotation clearance: if there are power lines above and below the workbench, the minimum distance between the workbench and the power lines should comply with the requirements in Table 1
Power line voltage. U.kV
Minimum distance
m
3.5
1-35
5
≥60
0.01 ( U-50 ) +5
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