GB/T 2421-2020 Overview and Guidelines for Environmental Testing GB/T2421-2020 |tt||Standard compressed package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
The IEC 60068 series of standards includes a series of environmental test methods and their severity levels, and specifies various atmospheric conditions for measurement and testing to evaluate the working ability of test samples in the expected transportation, storage and various use environments.

ICS19.020
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T2421—2020/IEC60068-1:2013 replaces GB/T2421.1—2008
Environmental testing
Overview and guidance
Environmental testing-General and guidance(IEC 60068-l:2013, Environmental testing-Part l: Gcncral andguidance, IDT)
Released on 2020-06-02
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Standardization Administration
Implementation on 2020-12-01
Normative reference documents
Terms and definitions
Standard atmospheric conditions
Application of test methods
Sequence of climatic tests
Climatic classification of components
Application of tests
9 Meaning of numerical values
Climatic classification of components
Appendix A (Normative Appendix)
Appendix B (Informative Appendix) General guidelines for environmental testing Appendix C (Informative Appendix) Tailoring of environmental tests Appendix NA (Informative Appendix)
References
Related national standards||tt ||Figure C.1 Environmental test tailoring process
Standard atmospheric conditions for arbitration measurements and tests Table 2 Standard atmospheric conditions for measurements and tests
Table 3 Standard drying conditions
Table 13.1 Purpose and application of test sequence
Example of general test sequence
Main influence of a single environmental parameter
Application Information flow and corresponding activities Tailoring test process
GB/T2421—2020/IEC60068-1:201310
iiiKaeeiKAca-
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.12009 GB/T2421-2020/IEC60068-1:2013 This standard replaces GB/T2421.12008 "Overview and Guidelines for Environmental Testing for Electrical and Electronic Products". Compared with GB/T2421.12008, the main technical changes of this standard are as follows: modify the "original standard introduction" and adjust it to the "introduction", and the subsequent chapter numbers are changed accordingly (see introduction, Chapter 1 of the 2008 edition); - Add "Terms\Environmental test tailoring", "quality" and "service life" (see 3.20~3.22); Add the appendix "Environmental test tailoring" (see Appendix C), this standard uses the translation method equivalent to IFC60068-1:2013 "Environmental testing Part 1: Overview and guidance". The Chinese documents that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents normatively referenced in this standard are as follows: - GB/T2423 (all parts) Environmental testing Test methods [IEC600682 (all parts)] This standard has made the following editorial changes:
Change the name of the standard to "Overview and Guide to Environmental Testing"; in the introduction, "Test Xa: Immersion in Cleaning Agent" is changed to "Test XA: Immersion in Cleaning Agent", "Z/am: Test Low Temperature and Low Pressure Combined Test" is changed to "Z/AM: Test Low Temperature and Low Pressure Combined Test": Chapter 3 "Technical Description and Definition", improve the technical description "non-heat dissipation test sample" and "heat dissipation test sample" to "non-heat dissipation test sample ambient temperature" and "heat dissipation test sample ambient temperature" (see 3.9.1 and 3.9.2); add informative appendix NA "Related National Standard Series". This standard was proposed and coordinated by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Environmental Conditions and Environmental Testing for Electrical and Electronic Products (SAC/TC8). This standard was drafted by: China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Institute of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Aerospace Science and Industry Defense Technology Research and Test Center, Jiangsu Tuolaile Environmental Testing Equipment Co., Ltd., the 74th Institute of the Municipal State Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group, Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Co., Ltd. Electric Power Testing Institute, Guangzhou Taiyue Technology Co., Ltd., Fujian Xinnenghai Wind Power Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Mingyang Smart Energy Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Youruite Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo Ouzhi Electric Technology Co., Ltd., State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are: Liu Xin, Zhu Jianhua, Li Guo, Zhang Yanjun, Xu Xuedong, Yang Yong, Gan Yong, Gan Gui, Xie Xianbin, Zhan Yao, Mei Liguang, Chen Rui, Zhang Liang, Li Xiaoqian, Huang Qingdan, Li Jian, Li Ying. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: GB/T 2421-1981, GR/T 2421-1989, GB/T 2421—1999:GB/T2421.1—2008.
GB/T24212020/1EC60068-1:2013 Introduction
The IEC60068 series of standards includes basic information on environmental tests and their severity levels. In addition, this standard includes relevant information on atmospheric conditions for measurement and testing.
This standard is used when formulating relevant specifications for a certain type of product (electrical, electromechanical, electronic equipment and devices, and their components, parts, components, hereinafter collectively referred to as test samples) so that the environmental tests of the products can be unified and reproducible. Note 1: Although this standard was originally developed for electrical and electronic products, the environmental test methods are also applicable to other industrial products. Environmental conditions or environmental tests include natural and artificial environmental conditions to which the product is subjected to evaluate the performance of the product during actual storage, transportation, installation and use. This standard does not include requirements for the performance of test samples under environmental conditions, performance requirements during and after the conditional test, and cabinet beauty of the product. The specification stipulates that these tests are only specified when necessary, considering technical and economic reasons when drafting relevant product specifications and procurement contracts. IEC60068 consists of the following parts: a) Part 1, IEC60068-1: Overview and Guidelines: Introduction to factory general guidelines; b) Part 2, IFC60068-2: Tests, each group of tests is published separately, and each volume introduces a group of tests and applications: e) Part 3, IEC600683: Supporting documents and guidelines The test methods in Part 2 of IEC60068 are named in capital letters as follows: iiKaeei
A: Low temperature
B: High temperature
C: Damp heat (constant)
D): Damp heat (alternating)
E: Impact (such as shock and collision)
F: Vibration
G: Acceleration (steady state)
II: To be determined
Note 2: Originally assigned as storage test.
J: Long fragrance
K: Corrosive atmosphere (such as salt spray)
L: Sand and dust
M: Air pressure (high or low pressure)
N: Temperature change
P: To be determined
Note 3: Originally assigned as "flammability".
Q: Sealing (including board sealing, container sealing and sealing to prevent fluid intrusion and leakage) R: Water (such as rain, dripping water)
S: Radiation (such as solar radiation, but not electromagnetic radiation) T: Soldering (including resistance to soldering heat)
U: Terminal strength (component)
V: To be determined
Note 4: Originally assigned as "noise", but "noise-induced vibration" will be attributed to test Fg, "vibration\test type".
W: To be determined
Y To be determined
GB/T2421—2020/IEC60068-1:2013X is used as a prefix together with another capital letter to name the newly added test method, such as test XA: immersion in cleaning agent. Z: Used to indicate comprehensive tests and combined tests, the method is as follows: Z followed by A short slash and a group of capital letters related to a comprehensive test or combination of tests, such as Z/AM: test low temperature and low pressure combined test If appropriate, any test can be marked "mainly for components" or "mainly for equipment" In order to further expand the test items within the test series and maintain the consistency of the description, each item can be divided into sub-items, indicated by adding another lowercase letter m. For example: U: Strength of lead-in terminals and integral mounting parts
test Ua: subdivided into \test Ua: tension\ and \test Laz: thrust" test Ub: bending
test Uc: torsion
test Ud: torque
Even if there is a test method in the relevant series, it can be used without the intention of developing other test methods for the time being. In order to avoid confusion with numbers, the letters i, I, 0 and 0 are not used.iiKaeeiKAca=
iiiKaeeiKAca-
1 Scope
GB/T2421-—2020/IEC60068-1:2013 Overview and Guidelines for Environmental Testing
IEC60068 series of standards include a series of environmental test methods and their severity levels, and specify various atmospheric conditions for measurement and testing, which are used to evaluate the working ability of test samples in the expected transportation, storage and various use environments. This standard is mainly applicable to electrical and electronic products, but it is not limited to this and can also be used in other fields when necessary. Other environmental test methods dedicated to individual types of test samples can be specified in relevant specifications. This standard provides a framework for the environmental test tailoring process to assist in the development of test specifications through appropriate test methods and test severity levels. The IEC 60068 series of standards is to provide product specifiers and product testers with a series of uniform and repeatable environmental, climatic, mechanical and combination tests, and contains standard atmospheric conditions for measurement and testing: These test methods are based on existing international engineering experience and appraisal opinions, and are mainly used to provide the following performance information of the test sample: a) Can it operate under specific temperature, pressure, humidity, mechanical stress or other environmental conditions, or a combination of these conditions; b) Can it withstand the conditions of transportation, storage and installation. Note 1: The IEC 60721 series of standards provides a classification system for environmental conditions and gives related definitions. The test methods in this standard can be used to compare the performance of sampled products. In order to assess the quality or service life of a given production batch of products, these methods are used according to the corresponding sampling plan and supplemented by appropriate auxiliary tests when necessary. Note 2: ISO defines "quality" as the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics meet requirements. Note 3: Service life: Under given conditions, the time interval starts at a given time and ends when the failure intensity becomes unacceptable or when the failure causes the item to be considered irreparable.
In order to provide tests suitable for different environmental conditions, some test procedures have multiple severity levels. These different severity levels are obtained by changing time, temperature, air pressure or other determining factors alone or in combination. Environmental tests and their severity levels should be determined based on the actual severity levels that specific test samples may encounter. This standard provides the framework and necessary stages of the environmental test tailoring process. Environmental test tailoring can be used to formulate relevant test specifications required for specific samples. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document IEC60068-2 ( All parts) Environmental testing (Environmentaltesting-Tests) 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. Note: In order to determine the impact of a test or a series of tests on the test sample, the tests included in this standard are composed of a series of operations. 3.1
Test test
A series of complete operation processes, if necessary, usually include the following items: a) pretreatment;
b) initial detection and measurement;
c) condition test;
GB/T2421—2020/IEC60068-1:2013d) recovery;
e): final detection and measurement.
Note 1: During the condition test and recovery period Interim testing may be required Note 2: When the temperature and humidity measured during the condition test of the test sample are the same as the temperature and humidity specified in the preconditioning test, the preconditioning and condition test can be combined, and the preconditioning test can replace the condition test.
Pre-conditioning
The treatment of the test sample before the condition test to eliminate or partially eliminate the various effects that the test sample has previously experienced Note 1: If there is a preconditioning requirement, it is the first process of the test procedure. Note 2: Preconditioning can subject the test sample to the climatic, electrical or other conditions required by the relevant specifications in order to stabilize the performance of the test product before inspection and testing.
Conditioning
Expose the test sample to the test environment to determine the effects of these conditions on the test sample 3.4
recovery
Treatment to stabilize the performance of the test sample after the condition test and before the final inspection 3.5
test samplebzxz.net
specimen
Samples of products to be subjected to the IEC60068 series of environmental tests. Note: The term "test sample" includes any auxiliary components or systems that are integral functional features of the test sample, such as systems for cooling and heating: 3.6
heat-dissipatingspecimen heat-dissipatingspecimen Test samples for which the difference between the hottest temperature on the surface and the ambient temperature after temperature stabilization is greater than 5K under free air conditions and the atmospheric pressure specified in the standard atmospheric conditions for the test in 4.3. Note: To prove whether the test sample is heat dissipating or non-heat dissipating, measurements can be carried out under standard atmospheric conditions for measurement and testing: but be careful not to let external factors such as ventilation and sunlight affect the measurement. For large or complex test samples, measurements can be carried out at multiple points. 3.7
Air conditionsairconditions
Conditions in an unlimited space, in which the movement of air is only affected by the heat test sample itself. 3.8
Relevant specificationA set of technical requirements that the test sample must meet and the test method used to determine whether these requirements are met. 3.9
Air conditions temperature
ambient temperature
the temperature of the air (see 3.9.1 and 3.9.2). Note: When applying these definitions, guidance should be sought from IEC60068-3-1. 3.9.1
non-heat-dissipating specimensambienttemperaturethe temperature of the air surrounding the non-heat-dissipating specimens. 3.9.2
heat-dissipating specimensambienttemperaturethe temperature of the air surrounding the heat-dissipating specimens under free air conditions where the heat dissipation effect can be ignored. Note: In actual operation, the ambient temperature is the temperature of several points on a horizontal plane 0mm-50mm below the test specimen and at an equal distance from the test specimen and the wall of the test chamber, or the temperature of several points 1Ⅲ away from the test specimen. The smaller of the two temperature values ​​is taken. Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent thermal radiation from affecting the measurement of these temperatures.
surface temperature
surface temperature
case temperature
case temperature
The temperature measured at one or more specified points on the surface of the test sample. Thermal stability
GB/T2421-2020/IEC60068-1:2013 The state when the difference between the temperature of each part of the test sample and its final temperature is within 3K, or other values ​​specified in relevant specifications. Note 1: For non-heat dissipation test samples, the final temperature is the average temperature of the test box where the test sample is placed at that time; for heat dissipation test samples, the final temperature needs to be repeatedly measured to determine the temperature change of 3K or relevant specifications. When the ratio of two adjacent time intervals is greater than 1.7, it is considered that the thermal stability state has been reached. Note 2: When the thermal time constant of the test sample is much smaller than the duration of exposure at a given temperature, no measurement is required. When the thermal time constant of the test sample is of the same order as the exposure duration, the non-heat dissipation test sample is checked to determine a) whether the non-heat dissipation test sample is within the specified average ambient temperature range b) the time interval required for the heat dissipation test sample to repeat the temperature change within 3K or other values ​​specified in the relevant specifications, and determine whether the ratio of two adjacent time intervals is greater than 1.7.
IEC60068-3-1 provides information on heat dissipation test samples and non-heat dissipation test samples. Note 3: In practice, it may not be possible to directly test the internal temperature of the test sample. In this case, some other parameters that have a known functional relationship with the temperature can be measured for inspection.
chamber
Part of the enclosure or space that can achieve the specified test conditions. workingspaco
working space
The part of the test chamber that can maintain the specified test conditions within the specified tolerance range combinedtest
Combined test
During the test, the test sample is simultaneously exposed to two or more environmental influences. Note 1: a) temperature and humidity; h) temperature, humidity and specific media (including chemically active substances); c) temperature and sunlight: Tests that affect the above factors at the same time are not the same as comprehensive tests. Note 2: Comprehensive tests are usually used to provide the combined effects of climate and alkali on products. Note 3: Measurements are usually made at the beginning and end of the test. Composite test Composite test A test in which the test sample is exposed to two or more test environments in sequence. Note 1: The time interval between each exposure may have a significant effect on the test sample and needs to be specified. Note 2: Pretreatment, recovery and stabilization are generally not performed between each exposure. Note 3: Testing is usually performed before the first exposure and after the last exposure. Sequence of test The test sample is exposed to two or more test environments in sequence. Note 1: The time interval between each exposure does not have a significant effect on the test sample. Note 2: Pretreatment and recovery are usually performed between each exposure. NOTE 3 Tests are normally carried out before and after each exposure, the final test of the previous exposure being the initial test of the next exposure. 3.17 Reference atmosphere Atmosphere Atmosphere to which the atmospheric values ​​measured under any conditions have been corrected by calculation. 3.18 Referee measurements Repeated measurements under strictly controlled atmospheric conditions when the correction factors for the reference atmosphere used to adjust the atmospheric sensitive parameters to the standard are unknown and when measurements within the recommended range of atmospheric conditions do not give satisfactory results. 3.19 Conditioning (of a specimen for measurement) The process of exposing the test specimen to atmospheric conditions of specified relative humidity or completely immersing it in water or other liquid at a specified temperature for a specified period of time.
Note: Depending on the actual situation, the space used for conditional testing can be an entire laboratory capable of maintaining the specified conditions within the specified tolerance range, or it can be a specific test chamber.
environmental testtailoring
Environmental test tailoring
The process of tailoring test procedures and test specifications to the actual field conditions encountered by a specific test sample, which is obtained by simplifying and converting measured values, literature or other relevant sources to make available test specifications. Note 1: The environmental test tailoring process described in this standard is given in a general form to provide a framework for consistent information flow. Note 2: There are various methods and practices for test tailoring, and corresponding analysis methods and test procedures are used to ensure the consistency of the tailoring process. Note 3: In practice, reliable data may not be available from the literature or the physical parameters of the test sample and its environmental conditions. Numerical simulation can be used to determine the environmental conditions and product response, and can be used to develop test specifications. In particular, simulation can be valuable for determining product subassemblies, components and environmental conditions.
Note 4: For the specification of the source environmental test tailoring process, the tests and severity levels of this standard are used. Other test procedures and severity levels may be used only if technically sound and/or proven economic benefits are found. In such cases, the reasons for deviation from the standard test are included in the specification.
NOTE 5: Environmental test tailoring. Simulation of environmental conditions is not essential. The key is the reproduction of the failure mechanism. NOTE 6: If acceleration factors are used, they should always be selected to avoid the introduction of different failure mechanisms during operation, storage or transportation. NOTE 7: Environmental test tailoring. Checks should be made to determine: a) the test specimen life cycle profile;
b) the failure mechanisms involved;
c) appropriate acceleration factors;
d) appropriate test specimen models.
Quality
The ability of a product or service to meet user requirements. 3.22
Service life
service life
The time interval between a given point in time and a point in time when the failure intensity becomes unacceptable or when the item is considered non-repeatable due to failure, under given conditions. 4 Standard atmospheric conditions
4.1 Reference standard atmospheric conditions
Temperature: 20℃:
Air pressure: 101.3kPa (1013mbar).
Note: Since relative temperature cannot be corrected by calculation, it is not specified. If the parameter to be measured changes with temperature or air pressure, and its change law is known, the parameter value should be measured under the conditions specified in 4.3. If necessary, it can be corrected to the above-mentioned reference standard atmospheric parameter value by calculation.The space used for conditioned testing can be an entire laboratory capable of maintaining specified conditions within specified tolerances, or it can be a specific test chamber.
environmental testtailoring
Environmental test tailoring
The process of tailoring test procedures and test specifications to the actual field conditions encountered by a specific test specimen, obtained by simplification and transformation from measured values, literature, or other relevant sources, to produce a usable test specification. NOTE 1 The environmental test tailoring process described in this standard is given in a general form to provide a framework for consistent information flow. NOTE 2 There are various methods and practices for test tailoring, and corresponding analytical methods and test procedures are used to ensure consistency in the tailoring process. NOTE 3 In practice, reliable data may not be available from the literature or the physical parameters of the test specimen and its environmental conditions. Numerical simulation can be used to determine the environmental conditions and product response, and can be used to develop test specifications. In particular, simulation can be valuable for determining product subassemblies, component parts, and environmental conditions.
NOTE 4 For the specification of the source environmental test tailoring process, the tests and severity levels of this standard are used. Other test procedures and severity levels may be used only if technically sound and/or proven economic benefits are found. In such cases, the reasons for deviation from the standard test are included in the specification.
NOTE 5: Environmental test tailoring. Simulation of environmental conditions is not essential. The key is the reproduction of the failure mechanism. NOTE 6: If acceleration factors are used, they should always be selected to avoid the introduction of different failure mechanisms during operation, storage or transportation. NOTE 7: Environmental test tailoring. Checks should be made to determine: a) the test specimen life cycle profile;
b) the failure mechanisms involved;
c) appropriate acceleration factors;
d) appropriate test specimen models.
Quality
The ability of a product or service to meet user requirements. 3.22
Service life
service life
The time interval between a given point in time and a point in time when the failure intensity becomes unacceptable or when the item is considered non-repeatable due to failure, under given conditions. 4 Standard atmospheric conditions
4.1 Reference standard atmospheric conditions
Temperature: 20℃:
Air pressure: 101.3kPa (1013mbar).
Note: Since relative temperature cannot be corrected by calculation, it is not specified. If the parameter to be measured changes with temperature or air pressure, and its change law is known, the parameter value should be measured under the conditions specified in 4.3. If necessary, it can be corrected to the above-mentioned reference standard atmospheric parameter value by calculation.The space used for conditioned testing can be an entire laboratory capable of maintaining specified conditions within specified tolerances, or it can be a specific test chamber.
environmental testtailoring
Environmental test tailoring
The process of tailoring test procedures and test specifications to the actual field conditions encountered by a specific test specimen, obtained by simplification and transformation from measured values, literature, or other relevant sources, to produce a usable test specification. NOTE 1 The environmental test tailoring process described in this standard is given in a general form to provide a framework for consistent information flow. NOTE 2 There are various methods and practices for test tailoring, and corresponding analytical methods and test procedures are used to ensure consistency in the tailoring process. NOTE 3 In practice, reliable data may not be available from the literature or the physical parameters of the test specimen and its environmental conditions. Numerical simulation can be used to determine the environmental conditions and product response, and can be used to develop test specifications. In particular, simulation can be valuable for determining product subassemblies, component parts, and environmental conditions.
NOTE 4 For the specification of the source environmental test tailoring process, the tests and severity levels of this standard are used. Other test procedures and severity levels may be used only if technically sound and/or proven economic benefits are found. In such cases, the reasons for deviation from the standard test are included in the specification.
NOTE 5: Environmental test tailoring. Simulation of environmental conditions is not essential. The key is the reproduction of the failure mechanism. NOTE 6: If acceleration factors are used, they should always be selected to avoid the introduction of different failure mechanisms during operation, storage or transportation. NOTE 7: Environmental test tailoring. Checks should be made to determine: a) the test specimen life cycle profile;
b) the failure mechanisms involved;
c) appropriate acceleration factors;
d) appropriate test specimen models.
Quality
The ability of a product or service to meet user requirements. 3.22
Service life
service life
The time interval between a given point in time and a point in time when the failure intensity becomes unacceptable or when the item is considered non-repeatable due to failure, under given conditions. 4 Standard atmospheric conditions
4.1 Reference standard atmospheric conditions
Temperature: 20℃:
Air pressure: 101.3kPa (1013mbar).
Note: Since relative temperature cannot be corrected by calculation, it is not specified. If the parameter to be measured changes with temperature or air pressure, and its change law is known, the parameter value should be measured under the conditions specified in 4.3. If necessary, it can be corrected to the above-mentioned reference standard atmospheric parameter value by calculation.
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.