TDC 621. 183 : 006. 72
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 14792- 93
Terms for boiler water treatment equipments
Boiler water treatment equipments.--TerninologicsPublished on 1993-12-28
Implemented on 1994-10-01
Published by the State Technical Supervision Bureau
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terms for boiler water treatment equipments
Bniletwaler Treutaient eqmipmenLs-Terinnlngies 1 Title and applicable scope
This standard specifies the commonly used terms in boiler water treatment equipment. This standard is applicable to boiler water protection equipment
2 General terms
2.1 Design pressure
Refers to the pressure at which the container temperature changes, used to determine the pressure drop of the container shell and its design dimensions. 2.2 Design width
GB/T1179293
During the normal operation of the container, at the corresponding design pressure\1, the shell wall or component gold may reach the maximum or minimum temperature of the system. 2.3 Working pressure
refers to the surface pressure that can be generated by the top of the container during normal operation. 2.4 Working temperature
refers to the highest or most critical temperature that the wall or component metal can reach during normal operation of the container. 2.5 Working medium
The fluid working in the container, such as water, acid, sodium oxide, hydrogen, etc. 2.6 Corrosion coefficient
refers to the strength of the weld. 2.7 Corrosion margin
It is determined by the corrosion rate of the individual material and the service life of the container. 2.8 selution
the stable, uniform state of matter formed by the suspension of one substance in another. 2.9 solvent
a substance that can dissolve other substances.
2.1 solute
a substance that can be dissolved by a solvent.
2.11 solubility
the number of grams of a substance that can be dissolved when saturated with 0.1 kg of solvent at a certain temperature. 2.12 solvent
a substance with a solubility of more than 0.01 kg. 2.13 Aluminum matter Substances with a solubility between 0.1% and 0.01% kg. 2.14 Insoluble matter Substances with a solubility below -1% kg. National Technical Supervision Standard 1993-12-28 Implementation 1994-10-01 GB/T14792-93 2.15 Volume concentration bmk (aclururuemratinn) The volume ratio of the prepared molten material to the dissolved or soluble material. 2.16 Weight percentage concentration Concentration refers to the grams of solute contained in every 0.1kg of solution. Weight per unit volume 2.17
refers to the grams of solute contained in every 10mL of filtrate, which is represented by the symbol "(car/volume)\" 2.18 Mot conception refers to the Coul number of solutes contained in a dense filter. 2.19 Gram-equivalent, cancentratio The gram equivalent of solute contained in 1L of solution . 220 Gram weight is the number of grams of the substance in each cell of liquid to express the density of the substance. 2.21 Energy density
refers to the weight of the substance to be measured or contained in 1mL of solvent. 2.22 pH value
pH value is a method of expressing the density of hydrogen ions in water. It is an indicator of the alkalinity of water, as shown in the following formula: pH=-log.H-\.
When pH-=7, the water is carbonic. When pH>7, the water is alkaline. When pH<.7, the water is alkaline. 2.23 Electrical conductivityeletri: Conductivity is the inverse of the resistance of a flow of 1 rm in a 1 rm interval. It is a measure of the purity of water. In water testing, it is expressed as a value at 25°C, expressed as one millionth of S/cm (μ6/cm). 2.24 Total dissolved solids:
Total content of dissolved salts in water.
wwW.bzxz.Net2.25 Total solids:
Total amount of floating solids and dissolved solids in water. 2.26 Dissolved solids:
Total amount of dissolved solids in water. matterThe total content of decomposable substances (salts, acids, hydroxyls) in water. 2.27
hardneRe
indicates the total content of neutral and lithium ions in water. 2.28acid
a compound that can ionize hydrogen ions in a solvent, generally used to regenerate resins. 2.29strong acid
acid that is highly ionized in the solvent, such as salt, chlorine, sodium iodide. 2.30acidwenkacit
acid that is not highly ionized in the solvent, such as acetic acid, etc. Acidity
the quantitative ability of an aqueous medium to react with an effective carrier ion 2.32
acidsalti
aqueous solution in which the number of ammonium ions is greater than the number of hydroxide ions. 2. 33
lacidcorrosion
the chemical resistance of an acid to a material.
Reduced 1uis,ntkali
Any chemical ion or molecule that can produce a proton from another substance (hydrogen ion>), and the other substance that gives protons is alcohol: oxygen 2
CE/T14792-93
The radical ion is, and the solution has a bitter taste, and can make the red stone test paper turn blue. Strong base ironglkali
A base with high electrolysis in solution, such as quick hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. 2. 36 Weak alkali weak alkali
A base with low ionization degree in the potential.
2.37 Reducing degree utkulinity
The quantitative ability of water medium to react with hydrogen ions, 2. 38 Relative alkalinity Telative alkalinity The ratio of the free sodium nitride oxide (NnOH) content in boiler water to the content of dissolved solids in boiler water. 2.39
Oil content uil 2.40
diasalvedxygc
refers to the content of oil and fat in water, expressed in grams of oil in water. 2.41
impurities
foreign substances that are slightly introduced into a relatively pure conductor. 2.42suspended matter suspended in water and directly affecting the turbidity of water, particles with a diameter of about 10-\Tn or more. 2.43solids
mainly compounds of iodine, chlorine, silicon and the decomposition products of sodium iodide, which are often a combination of zero molecules or ions, with a particle size of about 10-*~10-*mm
hard water
density is 6.0~~9.0mmol /L water. 2.45
medium hard watermiddle hard water
water with a hardness of 3.U~6.0mmol/T.
2.46highly hard water
water with a hardness of more than 9.Ommol/L.
soll water
water with a hardness of t. 0~3.0mmol/L.
8highly soft water
water with a hardness of 1.mol/L or less.
Sensitive water
Water with a total alkalinity greater than total hardness.
Non alkuline water
Water with a total hardness greater than total hardness.
Water with low salts
Water with a salt content below 200mg/L.
2.52Water with middle salt content: Water with a salt content of 200~500mB/L,
2.53Water with high salt content: Water with a salt content of 500~10Mmg/1,
Water with high alkalinity
Water with a salt content above 1000mg/L.
2.55 Water
GA/T 14792-·93
Water that has not been treated or has entered a water treatment facility 2.56 Feed water
Water that has been treated and has entered a water distribution or water supply tank 2.57
Production water
Condensate used in circulation or recovered heat after the steam or hot water has been used. 2.58
Make-up water
Supplementary water for production.
Boiler water
Water in the running boiler, water cooling pipe, etc., transport water bin
Water to remove impurities and harmful substances from the steelmaking water, and sometimes discharge a part of the boiler water. 2.61
Cooling water
Water used for cooling medium.
Condensation water
Water condensed from steam.
2.63Water
Water in the natural world.
It is divided into two categories: surface water and groundwater.
2.64Bruckisl water
Water containing about 1.000~-30.00mg/L dissolved solids. 2.65Fresh water
Water containing less than 1.00mg/L dissolved solids. 2.66Softening water
Water with calcium and calcium ions removed from water.
Deionized water
Water with calcium ions removed from water.
2. 68 Deep low-resistance polish
removes almost all the solids in the water. 2.69 High-resistance water distribution system watetilixcrihuliort syateniwithhighresistance reduces the volume of the water distribution orifice, increases the pressure at the orifice, and makes it short of the resistance of the resin layer, supporting layer and components. 2.70 Low-resistance water distribution system waterdigcribution ayatem withlowresistance reduces the flow rate and minimizes the resistance of the water distribution system: thus minimizing the pressure loss of the entire water distribution system. 2.71
Water drostatictee
Test the device body, function or component at a specified pressure and for a certain period of time to check whether it has leakage or deformation.
Rongzhou floor penetration test lilas
Kerosene series welding penetration test, according to the degree of penetration to check the sealing of welding chain and equipment, 2.73 Non-destructive erasure without damaging the village material, welding chain or parts to check and stabilize the surface or internal defects 2.74 Radionuclide deep penetration test is a non-destructive testing method that will X-ray or radiation to the test piece, and check the internal defects according to the change of the intensity after the radiation passes,
2.75 Ultrasonic wave operation ulirasunic:rxuminalir: Based on the principle of magnetic field variation, magnetic powder is distributed on the surface of the inspected object, and the defects on the surface of the inspected object are detected based on the distribution of magnetic field.
2.77 Color flaw detection (color flaw detection) lgedpentrangcxEmic.Etion The permeable fluorescent liquid is excited on the surface of the inspected object to make it penetrate into the surface of the inspected object.
2.78 Fluorescence intensity
indicates the content of suspended matter and colloidal matter in water. 2.79 Transparency (learity) indicates the optical properties of the sample.
2.0 Evaporation residue is the evaporation of the filtered water sample: finally, the residue is dried at 105~11!1℃ to constant weight. 2.81 :
ignitedresidue
ignitedresidue is the residue obtained by burning. 2.82carbonatehardness refers to the sum of bicarbonate and salt of calcium and magnesium in water. 2.83carbonatehardness refers to the sum of total hardness of water and salt hardness.
Headend
The end of the body (shell).
Body (shell) hell
The sealing part of the equipment except the head. 2.86
Body parts
Mainly composed of the head and body, including the pipe, the handle and the seat. 2.87
Internal parts
Interior parts used for water distribution, drainage or intermediate drainage. 2.8 Intake apparatus
An apparatus for distributing the water flow into the vessel uniformly. 2.39 Sample collecting apparatus
An apparatus for collecting samples. 2.90 Dewatering apparatus
An apparatus for draining the inner part of the container. 2.91 Ear
An accessory for lifting the head of a vertical container. Sightglass
An apparatus for observing the working conditions in the container. 2.33 Manhoe
A hole opened for people to enter and exit the container. 2.94 Support
A component for supporting the container. 2.95 Hardline
A fitting for loading and unloading materials such as stone, sand, and wood. 2.96 Tank gauge
A device used to measure the liquid level in a container.
2.97 Filieralion aereen
A net used to prevent resin loss.
2. Strainer
CE/T 14792—93
An element used to prevent filter material or resin loss in water inlet and outlet devices. 2.99 Main pipe
The main pipe of the water inlet and outlet device, used to introduce or guide the solvent. 2.100 Branch pipe
Sub-pipes on both sides of the main pipe or above and below it, used to introduce or guide the solvent. 2.101
perforated plate
a perforated plate with internal gas, used to hold the water phase. 2.102 hand hule
a hole opened for the entry of hands into the container. 3 Pretreatment terms
3.1 aerial
the process of introducing air into the sample.
3.2 coagulant
a chemical that causes tiny particles in the water to become larger particles that sink to the surface. 3.3 Chemical coagulation Chemicalcoagulant is the process of adding chemical agents (coagulants) to destabilize and diffuse the colloidal dispersion system. The coagulant itself does not have a coagulation effect. Instead, it is the coagulant that helps the flocculation. 3.5 Sedimentation Precipitate Precipitate converts the solids in the water into sediments. 36 Freeprecipitate Freeprecipitate In general sedimentation tanks, the particles have little influence on each other. The particle sinking is only affected by its own weight and water flow resistance. 3.7 Sedimentation tank Sedimentation tank A sedimentation tank used to select the required substances in the raw water. 3.8 Some types of sedimentation tanks are small tanks made of concrete, asphalt and clay. The water is kept in the tank for a period of time and then can be taken out for further treatment. Continuous flow sedimentation tank oruinnuk sedirentatian tank3.9
In the process of uninterrupted flow of water, the suspended matter is settled. 3.10 parallelftowgedsrencatianbaain parallelftowgedsrencatianbaain Water flows through a channel with a large bearing surface. Since the flow here is very slow, the suspended matter will sink in the process of water movement.
3.11 Inclined tube <plate> type cyclone is equipped with a special inclined tube or inclined plate in the sedimentation part, so that the sedimentation process of impurities in the water can be carried out on the inclined plate or material plate. 3.12 Inlet area
Evenly distribute the water from the reaction tank to reduce the disturbance of the water inlet, so as to facilitate the sedimentation and prevent the mud at the bottom of the pool from being washed up. 3.13 Sedimentation area
Ensure that there is a suitable horizontal flow rate and sufficient retention time. The horizontal horizontal velocity is generally 5-10m/s. 5
3.14 Sludge area Sludge area The area used to accumulate the settled sludge.
3.15 Water outlet zone
0B/T14792—93
The area where the water flows out evenly and flows back to the reservoir or for production use. 3.16 Clarifying
The process of separating the clearer water by settling the suspended particles in a large static pool. 3.17 Flood clarifier A clarifier is a pool where floating objects are removed from the pool. It is often equipped with a scraper to collect the floating objects and remove them from the pool. 3.18 Pulse clarifier A pulsator uses the pulsation of water to make the entire layer of mud uniform. At the same time, it moves up and down regularly, sometimes loose and sometimes heavy, which helps the particles below to contact and further coagulate. 3.19 Hydraulic clarifier A hydraulic clarifier uses the principle of an eductor to generate pressure at the bottom of the pool by the pressure of the water inlet pipe, which creates a pressure drop. 3.20 Transition filtration The process by which water passes through a porous material layer or a source net of suitable pore size to remove suspended particles. 3.21 Rapid filtration rate
The rate of flow of water through the filter surface,
3.22Fitter rate
The rate of flow used to remove impurities in the water.
3.23Fitter layer expansion ratefiterlayetexpanutert raLeThe ratio of the thickness of the filter layer after expansion to the thickness before and after service. 3.24
Filter
Equipment for removing suspended matter from water by passing water through a filter. Machine filteruvhiueiller
A pressure filter with a relatively fast speed,
3.26Single-flawmachinefilterSingle-flawmachinefilter Outputs water from one side and the other side, and is a mechanical filter (referred to as a mechanical filter) with one source of material. 3.27Double-flow filterDouble-flow filterOutlet water is permeable at the bottom, and the water after the first discharge is partly sent out from the body through a universal The filter enters the upper part and forms a double filtration device with the remaining filtered water that continues to rise.
3.28 Multilayer medium machine filter has two or more mechanical filters with shaking materials. 3.29 Active carbon filter has activated carbon filter.
Micro-wound filter
The powdered material is covered on a special porous pipe (called filter element) to form a thin layer as a membrane. Water enters the pipe from the outside through the membrane and holes to be fully filtered. 3.31 Magnetic filter A device that uses magnetic force to remove corrosion products from water. 3.32 Permanent magnetic filter A device that uses a magnetic field generated by a magnet to remove corrosion products from iron in water. 3.33 Electromagnetic filter A device that uses a strong electric field generated by electricity to remove ions from water. 7 Ion exchange method Terminology Ion exchange agent In GB/T1479293 In ion exchange, a solid substance that is not attached to water has the ability to exchange these phonons when it contacts some ions in the water. 4.1.1 Ion
A positively or negatively charged particle smaller than the body size of a zedite
A group of complex hydrated molybdenum silicates, both natural and artificial. It has limited cation exchange properties. 4.1.3 Yulfonated eal
A type of ion exchanger with a relatively small exchange capacity. It is made by crushing and sieving coal, treating it with acid (special chemical) to introduce active radicals.
Ion-exchange resin 4.1.4
Ion-exchange resin is an organically synthesized ion-exchange material that can combine with a solvent or exchange ions, usually in a spherical shape. 4.7.5 Cation-exchange resin is a synthetic resin that can exchange cations in water. 4.1.6 Anion-exchange resin is a synthetic resin that can exchange anions in water. 1.7 Gel-type exchange resin is a semi-solidified ion-exchange resin. 4.1.8
Macroporous ion exchange resins are ion exchange resins with pores in the resin pellets. 4.1.9 Strong type ion exchange resins are ion exchange resins with high dissociation and low exchange capacity. 4.1.10 Weak type ion exchange resins are ion exchange resins with low dissociation and low exchange capacity. 4.1.11 Granularity
refers to the size of lipid particles.
4. 1.12 Porosity
Ion exchange resins are characterized by the size and shape of organic molecules: 4.1.13 Ammonium
Special group [N(CH,)+] that determines the exchange activity of the exchange resin. Physical stability
Ion exchange resins must be able to withstand changes in performance due to wear, high temperature or other physical factors. 4.1.15 Sphericity
Spherical characteristics of the resin.
4.1.16 Voidage
The interval between the resin and the ion exchange bed. 4.1. 17 Water
Hydration of the hydroxyl groups in the resin binds the free water in the network pores, and the resin enters the water to diffuse into the exchange network structure, and the molecules in the exchange group also hydrate with the hydroxyl groups, which makes the resin sphere expand.
Crosslinkage
B/T14792-93
Ion exchange resin is mainly composed of crosslinking networks. This is due to the addition of exchange agents during the synthesis process. The crosslinking of the resin is the growth of crosslinking agents. When the crosslinking agent is added, the weight of the crosslinking agent is increased. 4.1.20 Capacity
Ion exchange resin has different degrees of adsorption capacity. 4.1-21 Exchange capacity ex:b:sige4.2.12 Desorption
Ion exchange resin is used to adsorb various anions and cations to remove inorganic salts from the solution. 4.2.13 Exchange rate--The rate at which one ion is exchanged by another exchange agent. 4.2.14 Hydrogenation
A complete cation exchange process, using hydrogen or alcohol as an adsorbent, 4.2.15 Water/min original hydrauliedazzilication The resin particles in the ion exchange bed are in a moving state when the backwash water flows upward through the resin bed. The larger particles are not in the group, and the smaller particles are drawn to the upper part of the bed. 4.2.16 Water cushion height (height of watersubfill) is the height between the resin layer and the inlet water, which allows the resin to expand upward during backwashing. 4.2.17 Head loss lux
When the solvent flows through the resin bed, the decrease in the positive force is calculated by the resistance of the solvent when it flows through the resin bed. 4.2.1B Exhaustion
Refers to the state in which the resin can no longer effectively exchange. 4.2.19 Exhausred layer
The ion exchange layer in the ion exchanger that can no longer effectively exchange. 4.2.20 Working layer
The ion exchange layer in the ion exchanger that effectively exchanges ions: Protective layer
The ion exchange layer in the ion exchanger that does not exchange ions, which plays a role in protecting the quality of the effluent. 4.2.22 Flow flaw
The volume of the liquid flowing through a certain cross-section in unit time. 4.2.23 Regeneration
is to flow the solution of high concentration before regeneration through the failed exchanger to restore it to its original shape and restore its original activity. 4.2.24 Regeneration agent
is to restore the capacity of the ion exchanger. The following methods are used: acid is used to restore the ion exchanger to its plastic form; saline solution is used to restore the ion exchanger to its plastic form; alkaline solvent is used to regenerate the ion exchanger. 4.2.25 In-vivo regeneration: Regeneration carried out in the ion exchanger. 4.2.26 Ex-site regeneration: Regeneration carried out outside the ion exchanger. The flow direction of the regeneration liquid is the opposite of the flow direction of the water during exchange. 4.2.28 Countercurrent regeneration: Reverse flow regeneration: The flow direction of the water during exchange is opposite to that of the regeneration liquid. 4.2.29 Poor regeneration refers to the process in which the exchange agent is not regenerated by refiltration as usual, but regenerated by theoretical exhaustion. 4.2.30 Regeneration agent level GB/T14792-93 The amount of regeneration agent consumed for the exchange agent regeneration. Regeneration flow speed refers to the speed at which the regeneration agent passes through the simplified cross section. 4.2.32 Regeneration stage The whole process consists of at least four steps: resin separation (backwashing) to clean the bed, introduction of regeneration agent, slow cleaning or rapid regeneration agent push through the bed, and finally rapid reverse cleaning to remove all regeneration agent residues on the resin. 4.2.33 Run After the resin is regenerated, water enters the exchange process of the converter. 4.2.34 Trition
On the resin bed, the particles are arranged in a sequence, and the particle size of the resin is gradually reduced. 4.2.35 Backwash
After the exchange agent fails, use the water to flow from bottom to top, backflow through the exchange agent layer, so that the exchange agent layer expands, thereby loosening the exchange agent layer and removing the floating objects and broken particles on the upper part of the exchange agent. Rinse
After regeneration, the washing water flows through the exchange agent layer according to the flow direction of the water during operation to wash out the residual regeneration solution. 4.2.37 Backwash
When the reverse flow separator fails, stop the operation and introduce the backwash water from the middle drainage device to backwash the lipid layer on the middle drainage device to clean the dirt accumulated on the surface layer and the middle drainage device during operation. In order to prevent the reverse flow of the exchanger, a layer of exchange balls or white balls is set on the middle drainage device as a compaction layer.
4.2.39 Upward drainage rlrainage countercurrent regeneration ion exchanger opens the air valve and closes the mixing liquid tank in the middle, and the water on the upper part is exhausted through the drainage regeneration: [picalpress
During countercurrent regeneration, compressed air (or water) is introduced from the top of the exchanger to prevent the exchange system from being stratified. No-blocking
During countercurrent regeneration, the flow rate of the regenerator from the small hole in the middle drainage device is controlled to be appropriate, and there is a certain degree of compaction layer on the upper part of the middle drainage device, so that compressed air top pressure is not used to achieve the resin without stratification during regeneration. 4.2.42 Cycle
: The time required for a complete ion exchange process. If the forward regeneration is higher than the exchanger cycle, it includes the time required for the four working processes of backwashing, rewashing, forward washing and exchange.
4.2.43 Backwash expansion height burkwarh height nf hea The expansion of the exchanger is achieved by backwashing. 4.2.44 Backwash bed expansion ratio The expansion rate of the resin layer during backwashing.
4.2.45 Regeneration device Regeneration solution The device that evenly distributes the regenerated resin in the exchanger layer. 4.2.46 Static bed ion exchanger During operation, the ion exchanger layer is fixed. 4.2.46 Single bed ion exchanger There is only one type of resin in the exchanger, referred to as an ion exchanger. 11
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