This standard replaces GB/T13913-1992 "Specifications and test methods for chemically plated (autocatalytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings on metal coatings". This standard specifies all requirements and test methods for chemically plated nickel-phosphorus coatings from aqueous solution to metal substrate. This standard does not apply to chemically plated nickel-boron alloy coatings, nickel-phosphorus composite coatings and ternary alloy coatings. GB/T 13913-2008 Specifications and test methods for chemically plated nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings on metal coatings GB/T13913-2008 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies all requirements and test methods for chemically plated nickel-phosphorus coatings from aqueous solution to metal substrate. This standard does not apply to chemically plated nickel-boron alloy coatings, nickel-phosphorus composite coatings and ternary alloy coatings.
class="f14" style="padding-top:10px; padding-left:12px; padding-bottom:10px;"> This standard is equivalent to ISO4257:2003 Specification and test methods for chemically plated (autocatalytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings on metallic coatings (English version).
This standard is drafted based on the translation of ISO4257:2003. This standard makes the following editorial changes to ISO4257:2003:
--- According to the existing domestic standard series of coatings, the name of the standard is preceded by "metallic coating";
--- The foreword of the international standard is cancelled and the foreword of the Chinese standard is added;
--- The national standard corresponding to the international standard is quoted;
--- This standard replaces this international standard.
This standard replaces GB/T13913-1992 "Specifications and test methods for chemically plated (autocatalytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings on metal coatings". Compared with GB/T13913-1992, the main changes are as follows:
--- For the convenience of communication, chemically plated (autocatalytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy and autocatalytic (non-electrolytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy are unified as chemically plated nickel-phosphorus alloy;
--- The foreword and introduction of this standard are added;
--- It is pointed out that this standard is not suitable for chemically plated nickel-boron alloy coatings, nickel-phosphorus composite coatings and ternary alloy coatings;
--- 8 referenced standards are deleted and 16 referenced standards are added. The latest versions of all referenced standards are adopted;
--- Chapter 4 provides necessary supplementary details on the information that the purchaser should provide to the manufacturer;
---Chapter 5: Pre-plating treatment of base metal is changed to identification of base metal, coating and heat treatment conditions;
---Chapter 6 of this standard combines the contents of Chapter 5 to Chapter 8 of the original standard, and slightly adds and subtracts;
---Appendix A and Appendix D in the original standard are deleted. Part of the contents of Appendix B and Appendix C of the original standard are incorporated into Appendix A and Appendix C of this standard, and Appendix B and Appendix D of this standard are added.
Appendix A and Appendix D in this standard are normative appendices, and Appendix B and Appendix C are informative appendices.
This standard is proposed by the Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Metallic and Non-metallic Coatings (SAC/TC57).
Drafting units of this standard: Wuhan Institute of Material Protection, Wuhan Kangjie Technology Development Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Xinfeng Holdings Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard are: Deng Rizhi, Deng Hua, Jia Jianxin, Yu Hui, Zheng Xiulin, Zheng Xiuhai, Han Yongguang, Dai Guobin.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are:
---GB/T13913-1992.
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated referenced documents, the latest versions are applicable to this standard.
GB/T2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes Part 1: Sampling plans for batch inspection based on acceptance quality limit (AQL) (GB/T2828.1-2003, ISO2859-1:1999, IDT)
GB/T3138 Metal coating and chemical treatment and related process terminology (GB/T3138-1995, neqISO2079:1981)
GB/T4955 Metallic coatings Measurement of coating thickness - Coulometric method by anodic dissolution (GB/T4955-2005, ISO2177:2003, IDT)
GB/T4956 Measurement of coating thickness of non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates - Magnetic method (GB/T 4956-2003, ISO2178:1982, IDT)
GB/T5270 Review of test methods for adhesion strength of electrodeposited and chemically deposited metal coatings on metal substrates (GB/T5270-2005, ISO2819:1980, IDT)
GB/T6461 Rating of specimens and test pieces of metal and other inorganic coatings on metal substrates after corrosion tests (GB/T6461-2002, ISO10289:1999, IDT)
GB/T6462 Microscope method for measuring thickness of metal and oxide coatings (GB/T6462-2005, ISO1463:2003, IDT)
GB/T6463 Review of test methods for measuring thickness of metal and other inorganic coatings (GB/T6463-2005, ISO3882:2003, IDT)
GB/T9790 Vickers and Knoop microhardness test for metal coatings and other related coatings (GB/T9790-1988, eqvISO4516:1980)
GB/T10125 Artificial atmosphere corrosion test Salt spray test (GB/T10125-1997, eqvISO9227:1990)
GB/T10610 Product geometry specification Surface structure profile method Rules and methods for evaluating surface structure (GB/T10610-1998, eqvISO4288:1996)
GB/T11379 Metal coating engineering chromium electroplating (GB/T11379-2008, ISO6158:2005, IDT)
GB/T12332 Nickel electroplating for metal coating engineering (GB/T12332-2008, ISO4526:2004, IDT)
GB/T12334 Definitions and general rules for thickness measurement of metal and other non-organic coatings (GB/T12334-2001, ISO2064:1996, IDT)
GB/T 12609 Sampling procedures for inspection of electrodeposited metallic coatings and related finishes by counting (GB/T 12609-2005, ISO 4519:1980, IDT)
Foreword III
Introduction IV
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 2
4 Information to be provided by the purchaser to the manufacturer 2
5 Identification of base metal, coating and heat treatment conditions 3
6 Requirements 4
7 Sampling 6
Appendix A (Normative) Heat treatment to improve adhesion and increase hardness 7
Appendix B (Informative) Measurement of coating thickness 10
Appendix C (Informative) Guidelines for thickness, composition and application of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings 12
Appendix D (Normative Appendix) Chemical analysis method for phosphorus content in chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings 14

ICS 25. 220. 40
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 13913—2008/IS0 4527:2003 replaces GB/T13913—1992
Metallic coatings
Electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings
Specification and test methods
Metallic coatings-Autecatalytic (Electroless) nickel-phosphorusalloy coatings-Specification and test methods(ISO 4527:2003,IDT)
Published on 2008-06-19
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implemented on 2009-01-01
Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
The purchaser shall provide the information provided by the manufacturer
Identification of substrate metallization, coating and heat treatment conditions5
Appendix A (normative)
Heat treatment to improve adhesion and increase hardnessAppendix B (informative)
Appendix C (informative)
Appendix D (normative)
Measurement of coating thickness
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GB/T 13913—2008/150 4527:20031o
Guidelines for thickness, composition and application of electroless nickel-phosphorus coatingsChemical analysis of phosphorus content in electroless nickel-phosphorus coatings12
GB/T 13913—2008/ISO 4527:2003 This standard is equivalent to 1SO4257:2003 Specification and test methods for chemical plating (self-catalytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy chain layer of metal cover (English version).
This standard is drafted based on the translation of [SO4257:2003. This standard has made the following editorial changes to 1SO4257:2003: 1. According to the existing domestic standard practice for cover layer series, the name of the standard is preceded by "metal waist cover layer"; 2. The foreword of the international standard is cancelled, and the foreword of the national standard is added: 3. The national standard corresponding to the international standard is quoted: "This standard" is used instead of "this international standard". This standard replaces GB/T13913-1992 Specification and test methods for chemical plating (self-catalytic) nickel-phosphorus gold chain layer of metal cover, and GB/T Compared with 19913-1992, the main changes are as follows: for the convenience of communication, "electroless (autocatalytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy plating" and "autocatalytic (non-electrolytic) nickel-phosphorus alloy plating" are unified as "electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy plating". The foreword and introduction of this standard are added; it is pointed out that this standard is not suitable for electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-phosphorus composite sensitive layer and ternary gold plating; 8 reference standards are deleted, 16 reference standards are added, and all reference standards adopt the latest version; Chapter 4 makes necessary supplementary details on "information that the purchaser should provide to the manufacturer"; Chapter 5 "pre-plating treatment of base metal chips" is changed to "identification of base metal, bonding layer and heat treatment conditions"; Chapter 6 of this standard combines the contents of Chapter 5 and Chapter 8 of the original standard, and slightly adds: Delete the appendix A and appendix D in the original standard. Part of the contents of the appendix B and appendix of the original standard are compiled into the appendix A and appendix C of this standard. In this standard, appendix B and appendix D are added. In this standard, appendix A and appendix D are normative appendices, and appendix B and appendix C are informative appendices. This standard is proposed by the Machinery Industry Federation. This standard is issued by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Metal and Non-metal Coverings (SAC/TC 57) is under the jurisdiction of the relevant competent authority. The drafting organizations of this standard are: Wushe Material Protection Research Institute, Wuwen Kangjie Technology Development Co., Ltd., and Jianjiang Xinfeng Holdings Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Deng Rizhi, Deng Hua, Jia Jianxin, Yu Hui, Zheng Xiulin, Zheng Xiuhai, Han Yongguang, and Dai Guobin. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: GB/T139131992.
GB/T13913—2008/1S04527:2003 Introduction
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Electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings are usually obtained by catalytic reduction of nickel-gold screen ions in a hot weakly acidic solution using sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent. Due to the deposited Nickel-phosphorus alloy is a catalyst for the reaction, so the reaction is automatic. As long as the chemical plating solution circulates freely through all surfaces of irregularly shaped parts, a uniform deposit of the coating can be obtained. The obtained coating is a thermodynamically metastable alloy of a nickel-phosphorus supersaturated solid solution with a phosphorus content of 14%. The structure, physical and chemical properties of chemical nickel-phosphorus coating depend on the composition of the coating, the chemical composition of the chemical nickel plating bath, the substrate pretreatment and the post-plating heat treatment. Chemical nickel-phosphorus coating can improve corrosion resistance and provide wear resistance. Generally speaking, when the phosphorus content in the chain layer increases to more than 8% (mass fraction), the corrosion resistance will be significantly improved: and as the phosphorus content in the sensitive layer decreases to less than 8%, the wear resistance will be improved. However, through appropriate heat treatment, the microhardness of the phosphorus-containing coating will be greatly improved: thereby improving the wear resistance of the coating. Scope
GB/T13913—2008/I50 4527:2003 Specification and test methods for chemical nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings for metal coatings
This standard specifies all requirements and test methods for chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings from aqueous solution to gold base. This standard is not applicable to chemical nickel-boron alloy chain coatings, nickel-phosphorus complex ammonium coatings and ternary alloy coatings. Warning: The use of this standard may involve dangerous goods, operations and equipment. However, this standard does not specifically point out the relevant safety issues that may arise in its application. It is up to the user of this standard to determine the appropriate safety and health measures and to determine the feasibility of regulatory restrictions before use.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties that have difficulty reaching an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes Part 1: Sampling plan for batch inspection based on acceptance quality limit (AQIL) GB/T 28281-2003, IS0 2859 1:1999.IDT) GB/T 3138 Metal coating and chemical treatment and related process terminology (GB/T 31381995, neq ISO 2079:1981) GB/T 4955 Metal cover thickness measurement Anodic dissolution coulometric method (CB/T 4955-2005, 1SU 2177:2003, IDT) GB/T 4956 Non-magnetic coating on magnetic substrate Cover thickness measurement Magnetic method (GB/T 1956-2003.150 2178:1982,131)
GB/T5270 Review of test methods for adhesion strength of electrodeposited and chemically deposited metal coatings on metal substrates (GB/T 5270-2005, ISO 2819:1980, IDT)GB/T 6461 Rating of specimens and test pieces of metal and its inorganic coatings on metal substrates after corrosion tests (GB/T 6461-2002.1ISO 10289:1999, IDT)GB/T6462 Microscope method for measuring thickness of metal and oxide coatings (GB/T6462-2005. ISO1463-2003, IDT)
Review of code methods for thickness of metal and other inorganic coatings (GB/T6463-2005. ISO3882:2003, IDT)GB/T 6463
GB/T 9790 Metal cover and other related covering layers Vickers and Seebach microhardness test (GB/T 9790-1988, eqvso4516:1980)
GB/T10125 Artificial atmosphere corrosion test Salt spray test (GB/T10125-1997.eqvISO9227:1990)GB/T 10610 Product geometry specification Surface structure profile method Rules and methods for evaluating surface structure (GB/T 10610-1998.eqvISO 4288:1996)GB/T11379 Metal covering layer Engineering chromium electrosensitive layer (GB/T11379-20081SO6158:2005, IDT)GB/T12332 Metal covering layer Engineering nickel electroplating layer (GB/T12332-2008,1SO4526:2004, IDT) GB/T12334 Definitions and general rules for thickness measurement of metal and other non-organic coatings (GB/T12334--2001, ISO 2064:1996, IDT)
GB/T12609 Sampling procedures for counting inspection of electrodeposited metal coatings and related finishing (GB/T12609-2005, IS0 4519.1980, IT
GB/T 13913-—2008/IS0 4527:2003TIKANKAaEPIC
GB/T16921 Thickness measurement of coating by X-ray spectrometry (GB/T 169212005.[SO GB/T19349 Pretreatment of iron and steel with metallic and other inorganic coatings to reduce the risk of oxygen embrittlement (GB/T19349-2003, ISO9587:1999, DT) GB/T19350 Treatment of iron and steel after plating with metallic and other inorganic coatings to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement (GB/T19350-2003, ISO 9588:1999, IDT) GB/T20015 Pretreatment of iron and steel with metallic and other inorganic coatings for nickel, autocatalytic nickel, chromium plating and final finishing with automatic controlled shot peening (GB/T 20015-2005, ISO 12686:1999,M0D)GB/T20018Measuring thickness of metallic and non-metallic coatings-β-ray backscattering method (GB/T200182005, ISO3543:2000.IDT)
ISO2859-2Sampling inspection procedures by attributes-Part 2: Sampling arrangements for batch inspection based on limited quality (LQ) retrieval[ISO 2859-3Sampling inspection procedures by attributes-Part 3: Sampling procedures for interval batches1S02859-4Sampling inspection procedures by attributes-Part 4: Procedure for assessment of quality grades reported in the intermediate reportsISO9220Measuring thickness of metallic grain coatings-Scanning electron microscope methodIS010587Measuring residual stress of external threaded fittings and rods covered or not covered with metal layers-Slant floor method
ISO 15721 Gold avoidance Other inorganic coatings Electrochemical record of hydrogen diffusibility in steel Barnacle electrode method 3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions established in CB/T3138, CB/T12334, CB T19349 and GB/T19350 apply to this standard. 4 Information to be provided by the purchaser to the manufacturer
4.1 Necessary information
When the ordered workpiece is required to be plated in accordance with the requirements of this standard, the purchaser should provide the following information on all important items in writing as a contract in the engineering drawings, deposit orders and detailed production schedules: a) Name of coating (currently selected):
b) Tensile strength of the workpiece and any heat treatment requirements before and after the deposition of the coating (see 6.2.6.9, 6.10, 6.11, 6.12 and Appendix A),
Details of the main surfaces, and mark the appropriate marks on the test paper or test specimens. d) The nature, condition and surface roughness of the base metal, if any of these factors would affect the usability or appearance of the coating (see 6.2).
The location, type and size of defects, such as creases, allowable defects (see 6.2). e)
f) Surface roughness requirements, such as bright, dull, glossy or other surface roughness requirements, and provide samples of the expected surface roughness as far as possible. Remember that the surface roughness of the samples that have been tested will fail over time, so the samples need to be replaced regularly.
g) Any requirements for the substrate (see 6.17), h) Sampling method, acceptance criteria or other inspection requirements, if it is different from the requirements given in GB/T 12609 (see Chapter 1).
i) Standard methods for testing thickness, hardness, strength, porosity, corrosion resistance, corrosion resistance and weldability (see 6.4.6.5.6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.13, 6.14 and Annex R) and conditions for special tests (see 6.1). j) Any special requirements for treatments that produce compressive stresses, such as shot peening before welding (see 6.16). ) Special requirements for pretreatment or limited pretreatment. 1) Special requirements for heat treatment or limited heat treatment. 2
GB/T 13913—2008/ISO 4527:2003) Special requirements for maximum coating thickness, especially for parts that are subject to wear or excessive machining. These requirements must be strictly observed both before and after the parts are plated. n) Special requirements for coatings on electroless nickel-phosphorus coatings. 4.2 Supplementary Information
The following supplementary information shall be specified by the purchaser.
2) Steel parts shall be demagnetized (demagnetized) before plating to minimize the entry of magnetic particles or iron filings into the coating: b) Final surface roughness of the coating (see 6.3); c) Any special requirements for the chemical composition of the coating (see 6.15); d) Any special requirements for the repair of non-conforming products; e) Any other special requirements.
5 Identification of base metal, coating and heat treatment conditions 5.1 General
Base metal, coating and heat treatment conditions shall be marked on the engineering drawing, purchase order, contract or product list. The identification shall be in the following order: base metal, special alloy (optional), stress relief requirements, thickness and type of base layer, phosphorus content and degree of chemical nickel-phosphorus coating, type and thickness of coating (coating) applied on chemical nickel-phosphorus coating, and post-treatment (including heat treatment). Double slashes (//) shall be used to indicate that a step or operation is not listed or is omitted. The identification shall include the following:
a) the term "chemical nickel-phosphorus coating";
b) the national standard number, i.e. GB/T13913: c) a hyphen;
d) the chemical symbol of the base metal (see 5.2);
|) the slash separator (/);
|) the symbol for chemical nickel-phosphorus coating (see 5.4), and the symbols for coatings before and after chemical nickel-phosphorus coating (see 5.4). Each level in the coating sequence is separated by separators in the order of operations. The identification of the coating shall include the coating thickness (μm) and the heat treatment requirements (see 5.3).
5.2 Identification of base metal
Base metal chips shall be identified by their chemical symbol. If they are alloys, they shall be identified by their essential composition. For special alloys, it is recommended to identify them by their standard names. For example: fill in the symbol with the corresponding national standard. For example, Fc<15Mn> is the national standard name for low-alloy high-strength. : In order to ensure the appropriate surface preparation method; and therefore to ensure the condensation between the coating and the base metal, it is extremely important to determine the special alloy and its metallurgical state.
5.3 Identification of heat treatment requirements
The heat treatment requirements shall be marked in square brackets as follows. SR indicates stress relief heat treatment;
HT indicates heat treatment to increase the hardness of the coating or the bonding strength between the coating and the base metal; ER indicates heat treatment to eliminate brittleness.
b) In the national brackets, indicate the minimum temperature during the heat treatment (). c) Indicate the duration of the heat treatment (h). Example: A stress-relieving heat treatment at 210°C for 1 h is marked as: [SR (210) 15.4 Identification of the type and thickness of the layer
The chemical nickel-phosphorus coating is marked with the symbol NiP, followed by the value of the phosphorus content of the coating in the parentheses, and then the minimum local thickness of the chemical nickel-phosphorus coating is marked in m. 3
GB/T13913—2008/[SO4527:2003-TIKANKAa-CEPIC
The base layer is marked with the chemical symbol of the deposited gold, followed by the minimum local thickness of the coating in um (see 6.17). For example, the symbol Ni indicates a nickel electroplated layer. Other coatings deposited on the chemical nickel-phosphorus coating, such as chromium, are marked by the chemical symbol of the electroplated layer plus the minimum local thickness of the coating in μm (see 6.17).
5.5 Marking example
a) On a 16.Mn steel substrate, a nickel-phosphorus coating with a phosphorus content of 10% (mass fraction) and a thickness of 15 μm is required to be subjected to a stress relief heat treatment at 210°C for 22 h, followed by a chromium electroplating on the surface, followed by a 22 h heat treatment at 210°C to eliminate hydrogen: The specific marking is as follows: Chemical nickel-phosphorus coating GB/T13913-Fe<16Mn>[SR(210)22]/NiP(10)15/Cr0.5[ER(210)22]b) Plating the same coating as a) on an aluminum alloy substrate, without heat treatment requirements, specifically marked as follows: Chemical nickel-phosphorus coating GB/T13913-Al<2B12>//NiP(10)15/Cr0.5//c) Plating the same coating as a) on a copper alloy substrate. No heat treatment requirements, its body marking is as follows: Chemical nickel-phosphorus coating GB/T13913-Cu≤II68>//NiP(10)15/Cr0.5 //Due to the nature of the order, the product list contains not only the content of the mark, but also the explanation of other important requirements listed in Chapter 4:
6 Requirements
6.1 Substitute test specimens
When the size, shape or material of the plated workpiece is not suitable for testing, or when the plated workpiece is too small or too expensive to be suitable for destructive testing, substitute test specimens can be used to measure the adhesion, consistency, porosity, corrosion resistance, hardness and other properties of the plated layer. The metallurgical state and surface quality of the material selected for the substitute test specimen should be consistent with the plated workpiece. And it should also adopt the same processing technology as the plated workpiece.
Substitute test specimens can be used to determine whether the plated workpiece meets the requirements of this standard. The number, material, shape and size of the test specimens shall be specified by the party.
6.2 Appearance
The appearance of the important surface of the chemically bonded nickel-phosphorus coating shall be bright, semi-bright or matte as specified by the party. When inspected with a naked eye, the surface shall be free of pits, blisters, drops, spherical growths, cracks and other defects that may harm the final decoration (unless otherwise required). Qualified samples will be used for comparative tests.
Defects and variations in plating caused by surface defects in the base metal (such as scratches, pores, rolling marks, inclusions), as well as the last traces left after the final finishing operation in strict compliance with the specified metal finishing operations, are not the cause of defective products. The tolerance limit of defects on the surface of processed and unprocessed products shall be specified. However, the damaged base metal shall not be used for plating. Blisters or cracks visible to the naked eye, as well as defects caused by heat treatment, shall be considered as scrap. Note: Defects existing in the base metal before plating, including dangerous defects, will be re-displayed after plating. In addition, post-plating heat treatment will produce stains and colored oxides, but the production of colored oxides should not be secret. The reason for the product to be of poor quality is that the heat treatment is carried out under the specified special gas ash. The purchaser who has no objection to this may consider accepting such defects. 6.3 Surface roughness
If the party specifies the requirements for the final surface roughness, the temperature measurement method should comply with the provisions of CB/T10610. Note: The final surface roughness of the chemical varnish-phosphorus coating is not necessarily better than the surface roughness of the substrate before the sensitive spot. The bottom layer of the non-chemical coating is particularly smooth and polished.
6.4 Thickness
The coating thickness specified in the identification part refers to its minimum local thickness. In the absence of special instructions from the party, the minimum local thickness of the coating should be on the important surface of the workpiece (which can be the same as the diameter 20 mt ball tangent) at any point measurement, the requirements for the uniformity of the anti-corrosion coating under different conditions of use refer to Appendix C, the thickness measurement method can be selected from Appendix B, 4
6.5 Hardness
CB/T13913-2008/ISO4527:2003 If the hardness value is specified, it should be measured according to the method specified in GB/T9790. The hardness of the coating should be within ±10% of the hardness value specified by the purchaser.
6.6 Adhesion
The chemical nickel-phosphorus coating can be attached to metals with bonded short layers and without double coating. According to the purchaser's regulations, the coating should be able to pass one or more adhesion tests specified in GB/T527C. 6.7 Porosity
If required, the maximum porosity of the chemical nickel-phosphorus coating shall be determined jointly according to the purchaser's regulations and the porosity test method. 6.8 Corrosion resistance of coating
If required, the corrosion resistance of coating and its test method shall be specified by the purchaser in accordance with the standard consistent with GB/T6461. GB/T10125. Ester salt spray test and copper accelerated salt spray test can be specified as test methods to evaluate the pitting resistance of sensitive coating.
General: Corrosion test in artificial environment does not affect the service life or performance of workpiece. 6,9 Heat treatment to relieve internal stress before plating
When the purchaser specifically specifies (see 4.1b)), steel parts with tensile strength greater than or equal to 1000MPa and containing tensile stress caused by work, friction, correction or cold working shall be subjected to stress relief heat treatment before cleaning and metal deposition. The heat treatment process and type of stress relief shall be specially specified by the purchaser. Or the purchaser shall select the appropriate process and type in accordance with GB/T19349. The heat treatment process to relieve internal stress shall be carried out before any acid or cathodic electrolysis. Oxides or water on steel should be removed before magnetization. For high-strength steel, in order to avoid the generation of ammonia, non-electrolytic alkaline and anodic cycle washing methods and mechanical cleaning methods should be considered in the cleaning process. 6.10 Heat treatment to eliminate hydrogen embrittlement after plating
Steel parts with a tensile strength of 1000MPa or more. Like workpieces that have undergone surface hardening treatment, heat treatment to eliminate hydrogen embrittlement is required after plating in accordance with GB/T19350 or relevant procedures specified by the purchaser [see 4.1b). All heat treatments to eliminate hydrogen embrittlement after plating should be carried out in a timely manner, preferably within 1 hour after surface finishing and before grinding and other machining, and no more than 3 hours at most. The effectiveness of the embrittlement elimination treatment should be determined by the test method specified by the purchaser or the test method described in the relevant standards. For example, ISO10587 describes a method for determining hydrogen embrittlement of residual stress in test pieces, while ISO15724 describes a test method for the concentration of diffusible hydrogen in steel.
Note: Heat treatment according to the procedures specified in GB/T19350 cannot completely eliminate the problem. Whenever possible, special tests should be conducted to test the residual hydrogen embrittlement. The effectiveness of the heat treatment procedure to eliminate hydrogen embrittlement can be said to be determined, but this depends on the number of test samples. 6.11 Heat treatment to improve hardness
The heat treatment method to improve the hardness and wear resistance of chemically linked nickel-phosphorus coatings is specified in Table A, 1 (see 6.13). If necessary, the heat treatment to improve the hardness and wear resistance of chemically linked nickel-phosphorus coatings should be completed within 1 h after bonding and should be carried out before machining. The duration of the heat treatment should be at least 1 h after the part reaches the specified heat treatment temperature. If the heat treatment procedure to improve the hardness of the coating meets the requirements specified in GB/T19350, then a separate heat treatment to eliminate hydrogen embrittlement is not required.
6.12 Heat treatment to improve adhesion
The heat treatment process to improve the adhesion of the electroless nickel-phosphorus coating on a certain metal substrate shall be carried out in accordance with Table A.1, unless the purchaser specifically specifies other process requirements.
6.13 Wear resistance
If required, the purchaser shall specify the requirements for the wear resistance of the coating and specify the test method used to detect whether the wear resistance of the coating meets the requirements.
Note: The wear resistance of the electroless nickel-phosphorus coating will be affected by heat treatment (see 6.11 and Appendix A). 5
GB/T13913—2008/IS04527:20036.14 Weldability
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If required, the purchaser shall specify the weldability of the sensitive layer and specify the test method used to detect whether the weldability of the sensitive layer meets the requirements.
Note: In order to minimize the possibility of corrosion during welding (especially for electronic products), sometimes a layer with more than 10% (mass fraction) phosphorus is used for welding, while a layer with a lower phosphorus content (1% to 3% mass fraction) is more common for welding. 6.15 Chemical composition
The phosphorus content in the chemical nickel-phosphorus coating should be specified in the marking (see 5.4 and Table C.2). When measured according to the method provided in Appendix D, the phosphorus content obtained should not exceed ±0.5% of the required phosphorus content. If the phosphorus content is not specifically specified, the phosphorus content will be in the range of 1% to 14% (mass fraction) (unless otherwise required> [see 4,2c]. 6.16 Shot peening of alloy parts
If the manufacturer requires shot peening before mounting, the shot peening process should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB/T20015 before any design or alkaline electrolytic treatment. The standard also specifies the method for measuring the strength of shot peening. Note: Shot hardening before plating can minimize the reduction in strength and adhesion of the high-strength steel grade after chemical forging and phosphate coating. For workpieces that are often used for heavy-duty and complex load patterns, it is recommended to carry out shot hardening before mounting. Other factors affecting the strength of the joint include the thickness of the coating. The coating should be as thin as possible under the premise that it will meet the expected use of the parts. The compressive stress generated by controlled shot hardening can not only improve the tightness of the coating and the resistance to the propagation of stress corrosion cracks, but also improve the adhesion of the coating. 6.17 Base and surface layer
The nickel base layer should comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T12332 (see 4.1g) 7. The chromium coating used on the chemical nickel-phosphorus coating shall comply with the relevant regulations in GB/T11379.
Note: Electroplating of a 2 μm to 5 μm thick base layer can be used on a base metal containing chromium, lead, lead or tin [except for chromium and zinc]. Electroplating of a 2 μm to 5 μm thick nickel or steel base layer can be used on a base metal containing magnesium and zinc. A flash nickel layer can be applied between the base metal and the chemical nickel-phosphorus coating. Electroplating of a 1 μm to 2 μm thick nickel extension layer can be used on a base metal containing trace amounts of chromium, lead, lead, lead, tin, titanium or zinc. The purpose of electroplating the base metal is to reduce the contamination hazards of the elements that reduce the deposition efficiency during the deposition process. In addition, the electroplating metal base layer can prevent impurities from diffusing from the base metal to the chemical nickel-phosphorus layer, which helps to improve the bonding strength. 7 Sampling
The sampling method shall be selected by the purchaser in accordance with the provisions of CB/T2828.1, GB/T12639, ISO28592, ISO28593. ISO2859·1. Or the purchaser may specify an alternative plan. The purchaser shall specify the acceptable level. A.1 Heat treatment to improve adhesion
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
GB/T 13913-2008/ESO 4527:2003 Heat treatment to improve adhesion and increase hardness In the absence of special instructions from the purchaser, the heat treatment to improve the adhesion of the chemical nickel-phosphorus alloy coating when deposited on various alloy materials shall be carried out according to the time and temperature listed in Table A.1. Note: Heat treatment at a temperature of 13°C or above can reduce the tensile stress of heat-treatable aluminum and various other alloys. When the customer specifically requires heat treatment after plating in order to improve the bonding strength of the layer, it is recommended to consider the effect of heat treatment on the performance of the underlying material. If necessary, it is best to conduct a calibration. A.2 Heat treatment to improve hardness and wear resistance Heat treatment of the chemical nickel-phosphorus plating layer can produce a diffusion effect, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the coating. The temperature and time used for heat treatment can be selected according to Table A.1. Table A.1 Recommended heat treatment methods for improving hardness and adhesion No.
No heat treatment is required, bond state
1 Heat treatment carried out between the maximum hardness of the cast iron, according to the type (see Table C.2) 1
Improve the adhesion of the short layer on cast iron
Improve the adhesion of the coating on carburized steel and age-hardened aluminum
Improve the adhesion of the coating on beryllium and age-hardened lead
Improve the adhesion of the coating on titanium and titanium alloys
Improve the adhesion of the coating on magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and brass alloys
Improve the adhesion of the coating on chrome and chrome alloys
Improve the adhesion of the coating on composites and alloys Heat treatment temperature/℃
350-~380
360--390
365-400
375--400
180~2DO
120--130
140~150
300~/320
180--200
22D~240
190210
Time/h
Generally speaking, after heat treatment, as the phosphorus content decreases, the hardness of the plated coating is improved (see Figure A.1). After heat treatment at a temperature between 250℃ and 400℃ for more than 1 hour, the hardness of the coating will be greatly improved. Although heat treatment at 220℃ can make the coating hardness exceed 850HK0.1, it will reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating. Heat treatment at a temperature below 200℃ will not weaken the corrosion resistance of the coating while improving the bonding strength or reducing hydrogen embrittlement, and can also greatly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the sensitive layer. In special cases, in order to prevent the formation of colored carriers on the surface of the workpiece, the heat treatment process should be carried out in a volatile atmosphere, a reducing atmosphere or a vacuum environment. In addition, heat treatment at a temperature exceeding 260℃ will cause the Class 5 coating to produce volatile 7
GB/T13913--2008/IS04527:2003YiKANrKAcaCEPIC
For different types of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings, the relationship between the temperature and the coating hardness after 1h heat treatment is shown in Figure A.1. The relationship between hardness and annealing time is shown in Figure A.2. It is not difficult to see from the data in Figure A.2 that the same coating hardness can be obtained by reducing the temperature and extending the annealing time.
Note: The Knoop hardness test is often used to test the hardness of metal sensitive layers. This is because the uncertainty in the Knoop hardness test method is less than that of the Vickers hardness. In the Vickers hardness test method, due to the cracking of the sensitive layer caused by the crack, the test results will have a large uncertainty, but if the operation is proper, the data obtained from the two hardness tests are almost exactly the same. However, the appropriate operation method also includes using different loads to obtain the depth of the notch. Therefore, in order to establish effective correlation, it is necessary to use a parallel method to apply different loads to the same barrier layer. To date, there is still little research on the parallel hardness notch test method of chemically bonded-phosphorus alloy transformation layers. ECO
Temperature/)
Alloy type
Phosphorus content (mass fraction)
Figure A.1 Relationship between heat treatment temperature and hardness of different types of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings after 1 h heat treatment2)1
Improve the strength of the short layer on the cast iron
Improve the adhesion of the coating on the carburized steel and the age-hardened alloy. Improve the adhesion of the coating on the beryllium and the age-hardened lead. Improve the adhesion of the coating on titanium and titanium alloy. Improve the adhesion of the coating on magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and pot alloys. Improve the adhesion of the coating on chrome and chrome alloys. Improve the adhesion of the chain layer on the combination and combination. Temperature/℃
350-~380
360--390||t t||365-400
375--400
180~2DO
120--130bZxz.net
140~150
300~/320
180--200
22D~240
190210
hours/h
Generally speaking, after heat treatment, the hardness of the coating is improved with the reduction of phosphorus content (see Figure A.1). After heat treatment at a temperature between 250℃ and 400℃ for more than 1 hour, the hardness of the coating will be greatly improved. Although heat treatment at 220℃ for 1 hour can make the coating hardness exceed 850HK0.1, it will also reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating. While heat treatment at a temperature below 200 ℃ improves the bonding strength or reduces hydrogen embrittlement, it will not weaken the corrosion resistance of the coating, and can also greatly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the sensitive layer. In special cases, in order to prevent the formation of colored carriers on the surface of the workpiece, the heat treatment process should be carried out in a volatile gas, a reducing gas or a vacuum environment. In addition, heat treatment at a temperature exceeding 260 ℃ will cause the 5th type of coating to produce volatile 7
GB/T13913--2008/IS04527:2003YiKANrKAcaCEPIC
For different types of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings, the relationship between the temperature and the coating hardness after 1h heat treatment is shown in Figure A.1. The relationship between hardness and annealing time is shown in Figure A.2. It is not difficult to see from the data in Figure A.2 that the same coating hardness can be obtained by lowering the temperature and extending the annealing time.
Note: The Knoop hardness test is often used to test the hardness of metal sensitive layers. This is because the uncertainty in the Knoop hardness test method is less than that of the Vickers hardness test. In the Vickers hardness test method, due to the possibility of cracking of the sensitive layer, the test results will have greater uncertainty, but if properly operated, the data obtained from the two hardness tests are almost exactly the same. However, proper operation also includes using different loads to obtain different notch depths. Therefore, in order to establish a valid correlation, it is necessary to use a parallel method to apply different loads to the same barrier layer. To date, there is little research on the parallel hardness test method for chemical nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings. ECO
Temperature/)
Alloy type
Phosphorus content (mass fraction)
Figure A. 1 Relationship between heat treatment temperature and hardness of different types of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings after 1 h heat treatment2)1
Improve the strength of the short layer on the cast iron
Improve the adhesion of the coating on the carburized steel and the age-hardened alloy. Improve the adhesion of the coating on the beryllium and the age-hardened lead. Improve the adhesion of the coating on titanium and titanium alloy. Improve the adhesion of the coating on magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and pot alloys. Improve the adhesion of the coating on chrome and chrome alloys. Improve the adhesion of the chain layer on the combination and combination. Temperature/℃
350-~380
360--390||t t||365-400
375--400
180~2DO
120--130
140~150
300~/320
180--200
22D~240
190210
hours/h
Generally speaking, after heat treatment, the hardness of the coating is improved with the reduction of phosphorus content (see Figure A.1). After heat treatment at a temperature between 250℃ and 400℃ for more than 1 hour, the hardness of the coating will be greatly improved. Although heat treatment at 220℃ for 1 hour can make the coating hardness exceed 850HK0.1, it will also reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating. While heat treatment at a temperature below 200 ℃ improves the bonding strength or reduces hydrogen embrittlement, it will not weaken the corrosion resistance of the coating, and can also greatly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the sensitive layer. In special cases, in order to prevent the formation of colored carriers on the surface of the workpiece, the heat treatment process should be carried out in a volatile gas, a reducing gas or a vacuum environment. In addition, heat treatment at a temperature exceeding 260 ℃ will cause the 5th type of coating to produce volatile 7
GB/T13913--2008/IS04527:2003YiKANrKAcaCEPIC
For different types of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings, the relationship between the temperature and the coating hardness after 1h heat treatment is shown in Figure A.1. The relationship between hardness and annealing time is shown in Figure A.2. It is not difficult to see from the data in Figure A.2 that the same coating hardness can be obtained by lowering the temperature and extending the annealing time.
Note: The Knoop hardness test is often used to test the hardness of metal sensitive layers. This is because the uncertainty in the Knoop hardness test method is less than that of the Vickers hardness test. In the Vickers hardness test method, due to the possibility of cracking of the sensitive layer, the test results will have greater uncertainty, but if properly operated, the data obtained from the two hardness tests are almost exactly the same. However, proper operation also includes using different loads to obtain different notch depths. Therefore, in order to establish a valid correlation, it is necessary to use a parallel method to apply different loads to the same barrier layer. To date, there is little research on the parallel hardness test method for chemical nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings. ECO
Temperature/)
Alloy type
Phosphorus content (mass fraction)
Figure A. 1 Relationship between heat treatment temperature and hardness of different types of chemical nickel-phosphorus coatings after 1 h heat treatment
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