GB 4863-1985 Basic terminology of mechanical manufacturing technology
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
General terminology of
machine-building technologyUDC 621.7:001. 4
GB4863—85
This standard specifies the general terminology of mechanical manufacturing technology, typical surface processing terms, cold working, bench work, assembly terms and their definitions. 1 General terms
1.1 Basic concepts
1t.1.1 Technology
Methods and processes for making various raw materials and semi-finished products into products. 1.1.2 Machine building technology machine building technology The general term for the manufacturing methods and processes of various machines. 1.1.3 Typical processes
Classify and group parts according to their structure and process characteristics, and formulate unified processing methods and processes for the same group of parts. 1.1.4Technological efficiency of design of product structureThe feasibility and economy of manufacturing and maintenance of the designed product under the premise of meeting the use requirements. 1.1.5Technological efficiency of design of part structureThe feasibility and economy of manufacturing of the designed part under the premise of meeting the use requirements. 1.1.6Analysis for technological efficiencyThe process of analyzing and evaluating the manufacturability of product structure by technical personnel during the product technical design stage. 1.1.7Review of technological efficiencyThe process of comprehensively reviewing the manufacturability of product and part structure and making opinions or suggestions by technical personnel during the product working drawing design stage.
1.1.8MachinabilityThe difficulty of material processing under certain production conditions. 1.1.9Production processThe whole process of transforming raw materials into finished products. 1.10Process
The process of changing the shape, size, relative position and properties of the production object to make it a finished product or semi-finished product. 1.1.11 Technical documentation Various technical documents that guide workers' operation and are used for production and process management. 1.1.12 Process plan
A guiding document that proposes specific tasks and measures for process technology preparation according to product design requirements, production type and enterprise production capacity.
1.1.13 Process route
In the production process of products or parts, from rough preparation to finished product packaging and storage, the products or parts pass through the relevant departments or 1 sequence of the enterprise in a sequential order. 1.1.14 Process procedure
A process document that specifies the manufacturing process and operation methods of products or parts. Issued by the State Bureau of Standards on January 11, 1985wwW.bzxz.Net
Implemented on October 1, 1985
GB4863—85
1.1.15 Process design process planning The process of compiling various process documents and designing process equipment. 1.1.16 Process factor Main factor related to the process.
1.1.17 Process specification A series of unified regulations on the relevant technical requirements in the process. 1.1.18 Process parameter The relevant quantity that needs to be selected or controlled in the process in order to achieve the expected technical indicators. 1.1.19 Technical preparation of production A general term for a series of process work carried out before the product goes into production. Its main contents include: process analysis and review of product drawings, formulation of process plans, preparation of various process documents, design, manufacture and adjustment of process equipment, design of reasonable production organization forms, etc. 1.1.20 Engineer test Tests conducted to test the feasibility of process methods and process parameters or the machinability of materials. 1.1.21 Process verification Test the rationality of process design through trial production. 1.1.22 Technical management Scientifically plan, organize and control the entire process of various process work. 1.1.23 Process equipment (equipment) manufacturingequiprnent The main production device to complete the process. Such as various machine tools, heating furnaces, electroplating tanks, etc. 1.1.24 Process equipment [tooling] The general term for various tools used in the product manufacturing process. Including tools, fixtures, molds, gauges, inspection tools, auxiliary tools, pliers tools and workstation tools, etc.
1.1.25 Process system machining complex The unity composed of machine tools, tools, fixtures and parts in mechanical processing. 1.1.26 Process discipline manufacturing discipline The process order that relevant personnel should abide by in the production process. 1.1.27 Group technology (GT) The various products, components and parts of the enterprise are classified and grouped according to certain similarity criteria, and based on these groups, various production links are organized to achieve the rationalization of product design, manufacturing and management of multi-variety and small batch production. 1.1.28 Automated production Automated production The production process of replacing manual operation with mechanical action to automatically complete various operations. 1.1.29 Numerically controlled machining According to the drawings of the processed parts and process requirements, a program represented by digital representation is compiled and input into the numerical control device or control computer of the machine tool to control the relative movement of the workpiece and the tool so as to process qualified parts. t.1.30 Adaptive control Adaptive control Automatically change the parameters of the processing system according to the evaluation indicators given in advance. Control to achieve the best working state. 1.1.31 Process optimization process optimization According to one (or several) criteria, the best solution is selected for the process and related numbers. 1.1.32 Technological data bank (base), machining data bank (base) is a collection of technological data stored in the external memory of the computer for users to share. 1.1.33 Production program The output and schedule plan of products that the enterprise should produce during the planning period. 1.1.34 Types of production Classification of the degree of production specialization of an enterprise (or a workshop, a section, a team, a work site). Generally divided into three types: mass production, batch production and single-piece production.
1.t.35 Production batch, production batch GB 4863-85
The number of products (or parts) put into or output at one time. 1.1.36 Production cycle The calendar time from raw material input to product output in the production of a product (or part). 1.1. Tact, pace of production In assembly line production, the time interval between the completion of two products. 1.2 Production object
Raw material
1.2.1 Raw material
The material put into the production process to create new products. 1.2.2 Primary material primary material, direct material The material that constitutes the product entity.
1.2.s Auxiliary material auxiliary material, indirect material The material that plays an auxiliary role in production and does not constitute the product entity. 1.2.4 Blank
The production object made according to the shape, process size, etc. required by the part (or product) for further processing. 1.2.5 Casting
Metal workpiece or rough part obtained by pouring molten metal into a mold and solidifying it. 1.2.6 Forging
Workpiece or rough part obtained by forging and deforming metal materials. 1.2.7 Welding, welding, welding, welding, welding, welding, welding, welding, welding, 1.2.B Stamping
Workpiece or rough part made by stamping. 1.2.9 Workpiece
Production object during processing.
1.2.10 Key parts
Parts and components with high technical requirements and difficult processes. 1.2.11 Cooperation part Parts and components for which the enterprise provides design drawings and entrusts other enterprises to complete part or all of the manufacturing process. 1.2.12 Specimen: Test specimens are specially made for testing the mechanical, physical, chemical properties, metallographic texture or machinable parts of materials. 1.2.13 Process parts: Auxiliary parts specially made for process needs. 1.2.14 Work-in-process: Products that are being processed, assembled or waiting for further processing, assembly or inspection and acceptance in the production process of an enterprise. 1.2.2 Semifinished product: Products that have completed one or several production stages in the production process of an enterprise and have passed the inspection and are still waiting for further processing or assembly. 1.2.16 Final product: Products that have completed the entire production process in an enterprise and are available for sale. 1.2.17 Conforming: Products that have passed the inspection and meet the requirements of the standard. 1.2.18 Non-conforming GB4B63—85
Products whose quality characteristics do not meet the requirements of the standard after inspection. 1.2.19 Scrap
Non-conforming products that cannot be repaired or downgraded for use. 1.3 Processing methods
1.a.1 Foundry, casting
Methods of pouring, injecting or sucking molten metal into the mold cavity and obtaining a casting with a certain shape and performance after it solidifies. 1.3.2 Forging
Methods of processing metal blanks or ingots to produce partial or complete plastic deformation under the action of pressure equipment and tools (dies) to obtain forgings with a certain geometric shape, size and quality. 1,3,3 Welding
See GB3375—82 "Terms of Welding". 1.3.4 Heat treatment heat treatment
A processing method that heats, keeps warm and cools solid metal or alloy in a certain medium to change its overall or surface structure and obtain the required performance.
1.3.5 Surface treatment. Surface treatment A processing method that improves the mechanical, physical or chemical properties of the surface layer of a workpiece. 1.a.6 Surface coating A method of forming a coating on the surface of a workpiece using a specified foreign material. 1.8. Powder metallurgy A method of pressing and sintering metal powder (a mixture of metal powder and non-metal powder) to form various products. 1.3.8 Injection farming Injection farming A method of heating and melting powder or granular plastic to a flowing state, and then injecting it into a mold at a certain pressure and a high speed to form various products.
1.8.9 Machining machining
A method of processing various workpieces using mechanical force. 1.3.10 Forming, mechanical working A processing method that causes plastic deformation or separation of rough materials without cutting. 1.3.11 Cutting
A processing method that uses a cutting tool to remove excess material from a workpiece. 1.3.12 Turning
A cutting method in which the workpiece rotates as the main motion and the turning tool performs the feed motion. 1.3.13 Milling
A cutting method in which the milling cutter rotates as the main motion and the workpiece or milling cutter performs the feed motion. 1.3.14 Planning, shaping
A cutting method in which a planer performs horizontal relative linear reciprocating motion on a workpiece. 1.3.15 Drilling
A method of machining holes in a workpiece using a drill or reamer. 1.3.16 Reaming
A method of using a reamer to remove a trace amount of metal layer from the wall of a workpiece hole to improve its dimensional accuracy and surface finish. 1.3,17 Spotting, spot facing, counterboning,.countersinkingA method of using a wedge drill or a screed to flatten the end face of a hole or cut a countersink. 1.3.18 Boring
A cutting method in which the boring tool rotates as the main motion and the workpiece or the boring tool performs the feed motion. 1.3.19 Slotting
GB 4868—85
A cutting method in which a slotting tool performs vertical relative linear reciprocating motion on the workpiece. 1.3.20 Broaching, pull broachiagA method of using a broach to process the inner and outer surfaces of a workpiece. 1.3,21 Push broaching
A method of adding a push tool to the inner surface of a workpiece. 1.3.22 Relieving, backing-off A processing method for cutting out the back of the cutting teeth of a toothed cutter to obtain the back face and back angle. 1.3.23 Scraping
A processing method for scraping off a thin layer on the surface of a workpiece with a scraper. 1.3.24 Grinding
A method for processing the surface of a workpiece with a grinding tool at a high linear speed. 1.8.25 Lapping
A finishing method for removing a very thin surface layer from a workpiece using a grinding tool and abrasives. 1.8.26 Honing
A finishing method for removing a very small amount of excess on the workpiece by applying a certain pressure to the workpiece surface using a honing tool, and the honing tool simultaneously performs relative rotation and linear reciprocating motion.
1.3.27 Superfinishing is a finishing method that uses a fine-grained grinding tool to apply very little pressure to the workpiece, and performs reciprocating vibration and slow longitudinal feed motion to achieve micro-grinding.
1.s,28 Polishing, buffing is a processing method that uses mechanical, chemical or electrochemical effects to give the workpiece a bright and flat surface. 1.a,29 Extruding, burningishing is a processing method that uses an extrusion tool to apply a certain pressure to a metal blank or workpiece to cause it to undergo plastic deformation, thereby shaping the blank or smoothing the surface of the workpiece.
1.3.30 Rolling, roll-burnishing. A method of applying pressure to metal blanks or workpieces with rolling tools to cause plastic deformation, thereby shaping the blanks or rolling the workpiece surface:
1.3.31 Shot-blasting, peening. A method of using small-diameter projectiles to spray workpieces at high speed under the action of compressed air or centrifugal force to strengthen and clean the surface.
1.a.32 Sand-blasting
A method of spraying workpieces with high-speed sand particles to clean, remove rust or roughen the surface. 1.3. Coldwork
A method of processing metal sheets, profiles, etc. into various products without basically changing the cross-sectional characteristics of the material. t.3.34 Stamping, pressing, sheet forging. A method of separating or forming sheet materials to obtain parts. 1.3.35 Riveting
Non-detachable connection formed by rivets.
1.3.36 Gluing, adhesive-bonding, connection formed by adhesive.
1.3.37 Bench work
Various processing methods on workpieces, usually on a bench with hand tools. 1.s.se Electric machining Electric machining is a method of machining workpieces directly using electrical energy. GB 4863--85
1.3.39 Electro-discharge machining, electrical discharge machining [EDM] A method of machining workpieces in a certain medium by the electro-erosion effect of pulse discharge between the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode. 1.3.40 Electro-chemical machining [ECM] A method of machining by using the anodic dissolution of metal workpieces in an electrolyte. 1.3.41 Electron beam machining [EBM] A method of machining by using the electrons generated in an electron gun to accelerate and focus under vacuum conditions to form a high-energy, high-density fine electron beam to bombard the workpiece to be processed, causing the material in that part to melt and evaporate, or by using the chemical changes caused by electron beam irradiation.
1.3.42 Ion beam machining is a method of processing workpieces by using ions generated by an ion source to accelerate and focus in a vacuum to form a high-speed and high-energy beam ion flow.
1.8.43 Plasma machining is a method of processing workpieces by using a high-temperature and high-speed plasma flow to melt and evaporate the local metal of the workpiece. 1.3.44 Galvanoplastics, electroforming is a method of processing metal products by using metal electrolytic deposition. ta45 Laser beam machining uses a laser beam with extremely high power density to irradiate the workpiece to be processed! Parts, causing the material to melt or evaporate instantly, and under the action of shock waves, the molten material is ejected, thereby perforating, etching, and cutting the workpiece, or using a smaller energy density to melt and bond the materials in the processing area to weld the workpiece. t.8.46 Ultrasonic machining: Using tools that generate ultrasonic vibrations to drive the abrasive suspension between the workpiece and the workpiece, impacting and polishing the processed part of the workpiece, causing the local material to be destroyed and turned into powder for perforation, cutting and grinding. 1.3.47 High-energy-rate forming [HERF]: A processing method that uses the high energy released instantly by chemical energy, electrical energy or mechanical energy to shape the material into the required parts. 1.8.48 Assembly: The process of matching and connecting parts or components according to the specified technical requirements to make them semi-finished or finished products. 1.8.49 Packaging: See GB4122--83 "General Terms for Packaging" 1.4 Process Elements: tt||1.4.1 Operation: The part of the process that is completed continuously by one or a group of workers on the same or several workpieces at the same workstation. t.4.2 setup
The part of the process completed after the workpiece (or assembly unit) is clamped once. 1.4.3 step, manufacturing stepThe part of the process completed continuously when the machining surface (or connecting surface during assembly) and the machining (or assembly) tool remain unchanged.
1.4.4 auxiliary step
The part of the process completed continuously by people and (or) equipment. This part of the process does not change the shape, size and surface roughness of the workpiece, but it is necessary to complete the step. Such as changing the tool, etc. 1.4.5 working stroke, operating strokeThe part of the process in which the tool completes a feed movement relative to the workpiece at the machining feed speed. 1.4.6 idle stroke
The part of the process in which the tool completes a feed movement relative to the workpiece at the non-machining feed speed. 1.4.7 Position
GB4868—85
In order to complete a certain part of the process, after the workpiece is clamped once, the workpiece (or assembly unit) and the movable part of the fixture or equipment together occupy each position relative to the fixed part of the tool or equipment. 1.4.8 Datum
It is used to determine the points, lines and surfaces on which the geometric relationship between geometric elements on the production object is based. 1.4.9 Design datum
The datum used on the design drawing.
1.4.10 Process datum
The datum used in the process.
1.4. 11 Process datum
It is used on the process drawing to determine the size, shape and position of the surface after processing in this process. 1.4.12 Positioning datum
It is used as the datum for positioning during processing.
1.4.13 Measurement datum
The datum used for measurement.
1.4.14 Assembly datum
The datum used to determine the relative position of parts or components in the product during assembly. 1.4.16 Auxiliary datum
A positioning surface specially designed on the workpiece to meet the needs of the process. 1.4.16 Auxiliary hole A hole added to the workpiece to meet the needs of the process (processing, measurement, assembly). 1.4.17 False boss
A boss added to the workpiece to meet the needs of the process. 1.4.18 Process dimension The dimension given in the process drawing or process specification according to the needs of processing. 1.4.19 Operation dimension The dimension that should be achieved in a certain process.
t.4.20 Dimensional chain A combination of closed dimensions that are interconnected and arranged in a certain order. 1.4.21 Process dimension chain Process dimension chain The dimension chain composed of various relevant process dimensions in the processing process. 1.4.22 Total allowance for machining [rough allowance] total allowance for machining The difference between the rough dimension and the design dimension of the part drawing. 1.4.23 Operation allowance operation allowance ancc The difference between the operation dimensions of two adjacent operations.
1.4.24 Approach [approach length] approach is the additional processing length required to complete the approach process. 1.4.25 Overtravel [overrun length] overtravel, overrun is the additional processing length required to complete the outgoing process. 1.4.26 Process allowance
The length of the workpiece (or rough) added for process needs. 1.4.27 Cutting conditions The general term for cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth in the cutting process. 1.4.28 Cutting speed The instantaneous speed of a point on the cutting edge of the tool relative to the surface to be processed in the main motion direction during cutting. 1.4.29 Spindle speed The number of revolutions of the spindle of the machine tool in a unit time. GB 4863—B5 1.4.30 Number of strokes The number of times the tool or workpiece completes a continuous cutting motion in a unit time on a machine tool that performs linear reciprocating cutting motion 1.4.31 Depth of cut Generally refers to the vertical distance between the workpiece's processed surface and the surface to be processed. 1.4.32 Feed 1. The relative displacement of the workpiece and the tool in the feed motion direction for each rotation or reciprocation of the workpiece or tool or each rotation of the tool by one tooth. 1.4.33 Feed speed feedspeed
Relative displacement of the workpiece and the tool in the feed direction per unit time. 1.4.34 Cutting force cuttingforce
The resistance of the workpiece material to the cutting of the tool during cutting. 1.4.35 Cutting power cutting power
The power consumed to overcome the cutting force during cutting. 1.4.36 Cutting heat heat in metal cutting·The heat generated during the cutting process due to the deformation and separation of the cut material layer and the friction between the tool and the cut material. 1.4.37 Cutting temperature cuttingtemperature The temperature of the cutting area during the cutting process.
1.4.38 Cutting fluid cuttingfluid
Liquid used to improve the cutting effect. 1.4.39 Output quota standardoutput, ratedoutput Under certain production conditions, it stipulates the number of qualified products that each worker should complete in a unit of time. 1.4.0 Time quota standardtimie
Under certain production conditions, it stipulates the time required to produce a product or complete a process. 1.4.41 Operating time basic cycle time The time directly consumed in manufacturing products or parts. It can be divided into basic time and auxiliary time. 1.4.42 Basic time machining time, running time The time consumed in the process of directly changing the size, shape, relative position, surface state or material properties of the production object. 1.4.43 Auxiliary time auxiliarytime, nonproductiontimc The time consumed by various auxiliary actions that must be performed to realize the process. 1.4.44 Time for machine serying The time spent by workers to take care of the work site (such as changing tools, lubricating machine tools, cleaning chips, and putting away tools) in order to ensure normal processing.
1.4.45 Time for rest and physiological needs The time spent by workers to restore their physical strength and meet their physiological needs during the work shift. 1.4.46 Preparation and end time
. The time spent by workers to prepare and end work in order to produce a batch of products or parts. 1.4.47 Material consumption process quota
The total weight of materials consumed to produce a unit of product or part under certain production conditions. 1.4.48 Material process consumption
Material consumed due to process requirements during the manufacturing process of products or parts. Such as the pouring and mouth of castings, the burn loss of forgings, the sawing and cutting of bars, etc.
1.4.49 Overall material utilization factor The percentage of the net weight of a product or part to its material consumption process quota. GB4863—85
1.4.50 Machine load rate The percentage of the actual working time of the equipment to its machine time base. 1.4.51 Machining error The degree of deviation of the actual geometric parameters (size, shape and position) of the parts after machining from the ideal geometric parameters. 1.4.52 Machining accuracy The degree of conformity between the actual geometric parameters (size, shape and position) of the parts after machining and the ideal geometric parameters. 1.4.53 Economical accuracy of machining The machining accuracy that can be guaranteed under normal machining conditions (using equipment that meets quality standards, process equipment and workers of standard technical level, without extending machining time).
1.4.54 Surface roughness See GB3505—83 "Terms of surface roughness, surface and its parameters". 1.4.55 Process capability The normal fluctuation range of the processing error when the process is in a stable state. It is usually expressed as 6 times the standard deviation of the distribution of quality characteristic values. T.4.56 Process capability index The degree to which the process capability meets the processing accuracy requirements. When the process is in a stable state, the process capability coefficient is calculated as follows: Cp=T/6 α (when the average value of the quality characteristic value is the same as the median value of the tolerance): Cpk=（1－K）T/6α (when the average value of the quality characteristic value is offset from the median value of the tolerance). In the formula: T is the tolerance range, 0 is the standard deviation, and K is the offset coefficient.
1.5 Process documents
1,5.1 Process route sheet sheet of process route, route sheet, master route sheet A process document that describes the process route of a product or parts and components. 1.5.2 Workshop division of labor details
List of parts and components that should be processed (or assembled) by each workshop according to the product. 1.5.3 Process Sheet A process document that briefly describes the processing (or assembly) process of a product or part or component in units of processes. 1.5.4 Process Sheet
A process document compiled according to a certain process stage of a product or part or component. It uses processes as units to describe in detail the process number, process name, process content, process parameters, operating requirements, and the equipment and process equipment used for a product (or part or component) in a certain process stage.
1.5.5 Operation Sheet A process document compiled according to each process based on a process sheet or process sheet. Generally, it has a process diagram, GE 4863—85
1.5.11 Technical Drawing
A diagram or chart attached to the process specification to illustrate the processing or assembly of a product or part or component. 1.5.12 Blank Drawing A drawing used to manufacture blanks, indicating the material, shape, size and technical requirements of the blanks. 1.5.13 Assembly system diagram assemblyflowcharts, producttree A schematic diagram showing the mutual assembly relationship and assembly process between product parts and components. 1.5.14 Special process equipment design task book A kind of indicative document proposed by process personnel for the design of special process equipment according to process requirements, which serves as the basis for tooling design personnel to design tooling.
1.5.15 Special equipment design task book
A kind of indicative document proposed by the responsible process personnel for the design of special equipment according to process requirements, which serves as the basis for designing special equipment.
1.5.16 Combination fixture assembly task book
A kind of indicative document proposed by process personnel for the assembly of combination fixtures according to process requirements, which serves as the basis for assembling fixtures. 1.5.17 Process key parts list
A process document that fills in the drawing number, name and key content of all process key parts in the product. 1.5.18 List of cooperation parts is a process document that fills in the drawing numbers, names and processing contents of all cooperation parts in the product. 1.b.19. List of special tooling is a process document that fills in the numbers, names, and drawing numbers of all special tooling required in the production process of the product.
1.5.20 List of purchased tooling is a process document that fills in the names, specifications and accuracy of all tools, gauges, etc. purchased in the production process of the product, and the drawing numbers of the parts.
1.5.21 List of factory standard tools is a process document that fills in the names, specifications and accuracy of all factory standard tools required in the production process of the product, and the drawing numbers of the parts.
1.5,22 List of universal modular jigs and fixtures system A process document that fills in the numbers, names, and part (component) drawing numbers of all the combined fixtures required in the production process of the product.
1.5.23 List of workstation tools
A process document that fills in the numbers, names, and part (component) drawing numbers of all the workstation tools required in the production process of the product.
1.5.2 Material consumption process quota list
A process document that fills in the names, brands, specifications, weights, etc. of various materials consumed in the manufacturing process of each component of the product.
1.5.25 Material consumption process quota summary list A process document that summarizes the various materials in the "material consumption process quota list" according to a single product. 1.5.26 Proof record for tooling A process document that records the verification results of new process equipment. 1.5.27 Report of engineer test A technological document that describes the test process of a new technological solution or process method, analyzes the test results and puts forward treatment opinions.
1.5.28 Summary of technological work GB 4863--85
After the new product has been trial-produced, the process personnel record the work in the process preparation stage and the trial use of the process and the second tooling, and put forward treatment opinions.
1.6.29 Catalogue of technological documentation, list of manufacturingprocess documentation
A list of all process documents of the product.
l.5.s0 Change order for technological documentation Contact sheet and voucher for changing process documents. 1.5.31 Temporary departure from process notification
Due to objective conditions, it is impossible to process or assemble according to the original process regulations. Contact sheet and voucher for changing the process route or process method within the specified time or batch. 1.6 Process equipment and workpiece clamping
1.6.1 Special tooling is a process equipment used for a specific product. 1.6.2 Universal tooling is a process equipment that can be shared by several products. 1.6.3 Standard tooling is a process equipment that has been included in the standard.
1.6.4 Jigs and fixtures are devices used to clamp workpieces (and guide tools). 1.6.5 Die, mould, pattern are devices used to define the shape and size of the production object. 1.6.6 Cutting tool
is a tool with an edge that can remove excess material from a workpiece or cut off material. 1.6.7 Measuring instruments are tools, instruments, meters, etc. used to directly or indirectly measure the value of the object being measured. 1.6.8 Auxiliary tools [machine tool auxiliary tools]
are tools used to connect the tool and the machine tool.
1.6.9 Bench-work tool A general term for tools used in various bench-work operations. 1.6.10 Workstation tools
Various devices used to store production objects or tools in the workplace or warehouse. 1.6.11 Set-up
The process of positioning and clamping a workpiece on a machine tool or in a fixture. 1.6.12 Positioning locating, location The process of determining that a workpiece occupies the correct position on a machine tool or in a fixture. 1.6.13 Clamping
The operation of fixing a workpiece after positioning it so that it remains in the same position during processing. 1.6.14 Aligning, to center align The process of using tools (and instruments) to find the correct position of a workpiece during marking, processing or assembly based on the relevant references on the workpiece. 1.6.15 Tosize
The process of adjusting the correct position of the tool cutting edge relative to the workpiece or fixture. 1.7 Others
1.1.1 Roughing cut
The process of cutting off more excess from the bad material, and the precision and finish that can be achieved are relatively low. GB 4863—B6
1.7.2 Semi-finishing, semifinishing machining The cutting process between roughing and finishing. 1.7.3 Finishing cut
The process of cutting off less excess from a piece, and the precision and finish that can be achieved are relatively high. 1.7.4 Finishing cut After finishing, the process of not cutting off or cutting off a very thin metal layer from the workpiece to improve the surface finish of the workpiece or strengthen its surface.
1.7.5 Ultraprecision machining Ultraprecision machining According to the principles of ultra-stable, micro-removal, etc., the processing size error and shape error are achieved below 0.1 micron. 1.7.6 Trial cutting method machining by trial cuts The process of cutting, measuring, adjusting, and cutting again, and repeating until the size of the workpiece reaches the required size. 1.7.7 Adjustment method machining on preset machine tool The method of adjusting the relative position of the tool and the workpiece on the machine tool first, and keeping this position unchanged during the processing of a batch of parts to ensure the size of the workpiece being processed.
1.7.8 Fixed size tool method
The method of using the corresponding size of the tool to ensure the size of the workpiece being processed. 1.7.9 Generating method [Lingqie method]
generating
The method of machining by using the workpiece and the tool to perform a generating cutting movement. 1.1.10 Copying method copying
The method of machining the upper part by feeding the tool according to the copying device. 1.1.11 Forming method forming
The method of machining the workpiece using a forming tool. 1.7.12 Matching
The method of machining another workpiece matching the machined workpiece, or combining two (or more) workpieces together for matching.
2 Typical surface machining terms
2.1 Hole machining
2.1.1 Drilling, drilling from the solid The method of machining holes in solid materials with a drill. 2.1.2 Core drilling
The method of enlarging the diameter of the workpiece hole with a reaming tool. 2.1.3 Reaming
See 1.3.16 Reaming
2.t.4 FL counterboring, countersinking, recessing The method of machining flat-bottomed or conical countersinks with strontium turning. 2.1.5 Boring
The method of enlarging the hole of a workpiece with boring.
2.1.6 Hole turning, internal turning, boring Use turning to enlarge the hole of a workpiece or process the inner surface of a hollow workpiece. 2.1.7 Hole milling
Use milling to process the hole of a workpiece.
2.1.8 Hole broaching, internal broaching Use broaching to process the hole of a workpiece.4 Jigs and fixtures Devices used to clamp workpieces (and guide tools). 1.6.5 Die, mould, pattern Devices used to define the shape and size of a production object. 1.6.6 Cutting tool
A tool with an edge that can remove excess material or cut off material from a workpiece. 1.6.7 Measuring instruments Tools, instruments, meters, etc. used to directly or indirectly measure the value of the object being measured. 1.6.8 Auxiliary tools [machine tool auxiliary tools]
Tools used to connect the tool to the machine tool.
1.6.9 Bench-work tool A general term for tools used in various bench-work operations. 1.6.10 Workstation tools
Various devices used to store production objects or tools in the workplace or warehouse. 1.6.11 Set-up
The process of positioning and clamping a workpiece on a machine tool or in a fixture. 1.6.12 Positioning, location The process of determining the correct position of a workpiece on a machine tool or in a fixture. 1.6.13 Clamping, clamping
The operation of fixing a workpiece after positioning it so that it remains in the same position during processing. 1.6.14 Aligning, to center align The process of using tools (and instruments) to find the correct position of a workpiece during marking, processing or assembly based on the relevant references on the workpiece. 1.6.15 To size
The process of adjusting the correct position of the tool cutting edge relative to the workpiece or fixture. 1.7 Others
1.1.1 Roughing cut
The process of removing a large amount of excess from the bad material, and the accuracy and finish that can be achieved are relatively low. GB 4863—B6
1.7.2 Semi-finishing, semifinishing machining The cutting process between roughing and finishing. 1.7.3 Finishing cut
The process of cutting off less excess from a piece, and obtaining a relatively high precision and finish. 1.7.4 Finishing cutAfter finishing, the workpiece is not cut off or a very thin metal layer is cut off to improve the surface finish of the workpiece or strengthen its surface.
1.7.5 Ultraprecision machiningUltraprecision machiningAccording to the principles of ultra-stable, micro-removal, etc., the processing size error and shape error are achieved within 0.1 micron. 1.7.6 Trial cutting machining by trial cutsThe process of repeatedly cutting by trial cutting, measuring, adjusting, and trial cutting until the size of the workpiece meets the requirements. 1.7.7 Adjustment method machining on presetmachine toolFirst adjust the relative position of the tool and the workpiece on the machine tool, and keep this position unchanged during the processing of a batch of parts to ensure the processing size of the workpiece.
1.7.8 Sized tool method
The method of using the corresponding size of the tool to ensure the size of the processed part of the workpiece. 1.7.9 Generating method [cutting method]
generating
The method of processing by using the workpiece and the tool to perform generating and cutting movements. 1.1.10 Copying method
The method of processing the upper part by feeding the tool according to the copying device. 1.1.11 Forming method
The method of processing the workpiece using a forming tool. 1.7.12 Matching
The method of processing another workpiece that matches the processed workpiece based on the processed workpiece, or combining two (or more) workpieces together for addition.
2 Typical surface processing terms
2.1 Hole processing
2.1.1 Drilling, drilling from the solid The method of processing holes in solid materials with a drill bit. 2.1.2 Core drilling
Processing method of enlarging the diameter of the workpiece hole with a reaming tool. 2.1.3 Reaming
See 1.3.16 Reaming
2.t.4 FL counterboring, countersinking, recessing Processing of flat-bottomed or tapered countersinks with strontium turning methods. 2.1.5 Boring
Enlarging the hole of a workpiece with boring methods.
2.1.6 Hole turning, internal turning, boring Enlarging the hole of a workpiece or processing the inner surface of a hollow workpiece with turning methods. 2.1.7 Hole milling
Processing the hole of a workpiece with milling methods.
2.1.8 Hole broaching, internal broaching Processing the hole of a workpiece with broaching methods.4 Jigs and fixtures Devices used to clamp workpieces (and guide tools). 1.6.5 Die, mould, pattern Devices used to define the shape and size of a production object. 1.6.6 Cutting tool
A tool with an edge that can remove excess material or cut off material from a workpiece. 1.6.7 Measuring instruments Tools, instruments, meters, etc. used to directly or indirectly measure the value of the object being measured. 1.6.8 Auxiliary tools [machine tool auxiliary tools]
Tools used to connect the tool to the machine tool.
1.6.9 Bench-work tool A general term for tools used in various bench-work operations. 1.6.10 Workstation tools
Various devices used to store production objects or tools in the workplace or warehouse. 1.6.11 Set-up
The process of positioning and clamping a workpiece on a machine tool or in a fixture. 1.6.12 Positioning, location The process of determining the correct position of a workpiece on a machine tool or in a fixture. 1.6.13 Clamping, clamping
The operation of fixing a workpiece after positioning it so that it remains in the same position during processing. 1.6.14 Aligning, to center align The process of using tools (and instruments) to find the correct position of a workpiece during marking, processing or assembly based on the relevant references on the workpiece. 1.6.15 To size
The process of adjusting the correct position of the tool cutting edge relative to the workpiece or fixture. 1.7 Others
1.1.1 Roughing cut
The process of removing a large amount of excess from the bad material, and the accuracy and finish that can be achieved are relatively low. GB 4863—B6
1.7.2 Semi-finishing, semifinishing machining The cutting process between roughing and finishing. 1.7.3 Finishing cut
The process of cutting off less excess from a piece, and obtaining a relatively high precision and finish. 1.7.4 Finishing cutAfter finishing, the workpiece is not cut off or a very thin metal layer is cut off to improve the surface finish of the workpiece or strengthen its surface.
1.7.5 Ultraprecision machiningUltraprecision machiningAccording to the principles of ultra-stable, micro-removal, etc., the processing size error and shape error are achieved within 0.1 micron. 1.7.6 Trial cutting machining by trial cutsThe process of repeatedly cutting by trial cutting, measuring, adjusting, and trial cutting until the size of the workpiece meets the requirements. 1.7.7 Adjustment method machining on presetmachine toolFirst adjust the relative position of the tool and the workpiece on the machine tool, and keep this position unchanged during the processing of a batch of parts to ensure the processing size of the workpiece.
1.7.8 Sized tool method
The method of using the corresponding size of the tool to ensure the size of the processed part of the workpiece. 1.7.9 Generating method [cutting method]
generating
The method of processing by using the workpiece and the tool to perform generating and cutting movements. 1.1.10 Copying method
The method of processing the upper part by feeding the tool according to the copying device. 1.1.11 Forming method
The method of processing the workpiece using a forming tool. 1.7.12 Matching
The method of processing another workpiece that matches the processed workpiece based on the processed workpiece, or combining two (or more) workpieces together for addition.
2 Typical surface processing terms
2.1 Hole processing
2.1.1 Drilling, drilling from the solid The method of processing holes in solid materials with a drill bit. 2.1.2 Core drilling
Processing method of enlarging the diameter of the workpiece hole with a reaming tool. 2.1.3 Reaming
See 1.3.16 Reaming
2.t.4 FL counterboring, countersinking, recessing Processing of flat-bottomed or tapered countersinks with strontium turning methods. 2.1.5 Boring
Enlarging the hole of a workpiece with boring methods.
2.1.6 Hole turning, internal turning, boring Enlarging the hole of a workpiece or processing the inner surface of a hollow workpiece with turning methods. 2.1.7 Hole milling
Processing the hole of a workpiece with milling methods.
2.1.8 Hole broaching, internal broaching Processing the hole of a workpiece with broaching methods.10 Copying
The method of machining the upper part by feeding the tool according to the copying device. 1.1.11 Forming
The method of machining the workpiece by using a forming tool. 1.7.12 Matching
The method of machining another workpiece matching the machined workpiece or combining two (or more) workpieces together for machining.
2 Typical surface machining terms
2.1 Hole machining
2.1.1 Drilling, drilling from the solid The method of machining holes in the solid material with a drill. 2.1.2 Core drilling
The method of enlarging the diameter of the workpiece hole with a reaming tool. 2.1.3 Reaming
See 1.3.16 Reaming
2.t.4 FL counterboring, countersinking, recessing The method of machining flat-bottomed or conical countersinks with strontium cutting. 2.1.5 Boring
Using boring to enlarge the hole of a workpiece.
2.1.6 Hole turning, internal turning, boringUsing turning to enlarge the hole of a workpiece or to process the inner surface of a hollow workpiece. 2.1.7 Hole milling
Using milling to process the hole of a workpiece.
2.1.8 Hole broaching, internal broachingUsing broaching to process the hole of a workpiece.10 Copying
The method of machining the upper part by feeding the tool according to the copying device. 1.1.11 Forming
The method of machining the workpiece by using a forming tool. 1.7.12 Matching
The method of machining another workpiece matching the machined workpiece or combining two (or more) workpieces together for machining.
2 Typical surface machining terms
2.1 Hole machining
2.1.1 Drilling, drilling from the solid The method of machining holes in the solid material with a drill. 2.1.2 Core drilling
The method of enlarging the diameter of the workpiece hole with a reaming tool. 2.1.3 Reaming
See 1.3.16 Reaming
2.t.4 FL counterboring, countersinking, recessing The method of machining flat-bottomed or conical countersinks with strontium cutting. 2.1.5 Boring
Using boring to enlarge the hole of a workpiece.
2.1.6 Hole turning, internal turning, boringUsing turning to enlarge the hole of a workpiece or to process the inner surface of a hollow workpiece. 2.1.7 Hole milling
Using milling to process the hole of a workpiece.
2.1.8 Hole broaching, internal broachingUsing broaching to process the hole of a workpiece.
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