Some standard content:
ICS 01.040.29
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T2900.55--2002
.eqvIEC60050-651:1999
Electrotechnical terminology
Live working
Electrotechnical terminologyLive working2002-03-26Promulgated
People's Republic of China
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
2002-12-01Implementation
GB/T 2900.55-—2002
IEC Foreword
1 Scope
2 Terms
General terms
Insulating rods
General tool accessories
Insulating shields
Bypass equipment
Hand tools
Personal protective equipment
Climbing and positioning machines
Handheld equipment
Testing and testing equipment
Hydraulic equipment
Supporting and assembly equipment
Traction Equipment:
Grounding and short-circuit devices
Live cleaning
Appendix A (suggestive appendix)
Appendix B (suggestive appendix)
Chinese index
English index
GB/T2900.55—2002
To ensure that the technical language is consistent with the international common terms, this standard is equivalent to the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary IEV Chapter 651 "Live Working", that is, the International Electrotechnical Commission Standard IEC60050-651:1999. Some terms are different from IEC terms. For this reason, the IEC definitions are adopted as much as possible. In the case of not causing misunderstanding, the customary terms in my country are retained.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Terminology and the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Live Working. This standard was drafted by the Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute of the State Power Corporation, and the Shanxi Electric Power Company participated in the drafting. The main drafters of this standard are Yi Hui, Hu Yi, Zhang Lihua, Ji Jianmin and Zhong Lianhong. The Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute of the State Grid Corporation is responsible for the interpretation of this standard. GB/T2900.55—2002
IEC Foreword
1) IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide standardization organization composed of all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The goal of IEC is to promote international cooperation on all issues related to standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. For this purpose and other activities, IEC publishes international standards. IEC entrusts technical committees to formulate standards, and any IEC National Committee interested in the subject involved can participate in its formulation work. International organizations, governments and non-governmental organizations that have ties to IEC can also participate in the formulation of standards. IEC and ISO (International Organization for Standardization) work closely together under the conditions agreed upon by the two organizations. 2) Since each technical committee has representatives from all national committees concerned with these issues, IEC's formal resolutions and agreements on electrotechnical issues reflect the international consensus on these issues as much as possible. 3) IEC documents are published in the form of standards, technical reports or guidelines for international use in a recommended form and are accepted by national committees in this sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC national committees apply IEC international standards to their national and regional standards as much as possible. Any differences between IEC standards and corresponding national or regional standards should be clearly stated in the latter. 5) IEC has not yet proposed a marking procedure for equipment conformity, so IEC does not assume any responsibility when a device claims to comply with an IEC standard.
6) Please note that some of the contents of this international standard may be related to patent rights, and IEC will not be responsible for confirming these patent rights. This international standard IEC60050-651 was proposed by IEC Technical Committee 78 (Live Working) Working Group 1 (Terminology) and is under the jurisdiction of IEC Technical Committee 1 (Terminology).
The text of this standard is based on the following documents: Committee Draft
1/1737/FDIS
Voting Report
1/1768/RVD
Complete information on the voting for this standard can be found in the voting report in the table above. 1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electrotechnical Terminology
Live Working
Electrotechnicalterminology—LiveworkingGB/T2900.55—2002
eqvIEC60050-651:1999
This standard specifies some important terms for live working, which covers the main categories of live working technology. This standard is applicable to the formulation of live working standards, the compilation and translation of professional literature, teaching materials and books. Other fields related to live working can also be adopted for reference.
2 Terms
2.1 General terms
2.1.1 Live working; Work in which workers touch live parts or work in live working areas with operating tools, equipment or devices. Notes
1 Live working includes maintenance, connection and disconnection operations. 2 The methods used for live working refer to: working with insulating rods, working with insulating gloves, and working with equal potential. 2.1.2 Working in the vicinity of live parts Work in the vicinity of live parts Work in which workers use tools or any other objects to enter the live working area, but have not yet entered the live working area. 2.1.3 Live part
A conductor or conductive part that may be charged with voltage during normal operation, including the neutral conductor: but by convention, it does not include PEN conductors or PEM conductors and PEL conductors.
1 PEN (PEM, PEL) conductors are grounding conductors that connect the protective earthing electrode and the neutral conductor. 2 This concept does not imply the risk of electric shock. 2.1.4 Electrical equipment electrical installation Electrical equipment refers to a combination of electrical equipment used for generating, transmitting, transforming, distributing and (or) using electrical energy. Note: These facilities also include power sources, such as batteries, capacitors and all other power sources that store electrical energy. 2.1.5 Operation operation
Work performed on electrical equipment.
Note: Operation includes electrical and non-electrical work such as switching, controlling, testing and repairing, or both. 2.1.6 Live working zone Live working zone refers to the space around live parts, and prevention of electric shock is ensured by appropriate methods. Even for skilled workers, their approach should be restricted, and appropriate air distance should be maintained and tools should be used for live work.
1 This distance refers to the distance from the live part to the outer boundary of the live working area, which is greater than or equal to the minimum working distance. 2 Live working areas and special precautions are generally determined by national or company regulations. 3 In some countries, the term "dangerous area" is also used instead of the "live working area". vicinityzone
2.1.7 Adjacent area
Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on March 26, 2002, implemented on December 1, 2002
GB/T2900.55—2002
A limited space outside the live working area but where there is still a risk of electric shock. Worklocation
A place where work will be carried out, is being carried out or has been carried out. Hotstick working
Indirect working
Work performed with an insulating rod while the worker keeps a certain distance from the live parts. Note: This type of work is also called indirect work in my country. Insulation glove working2.1.10
Work performed by workers who directly contact the live parts with insulating gloves and other insulating equipment for electrical protection. Note: "Direct working" and "barehanded working" have different meanings. 2.1.11
Barehandworking; potentialworkingThe worker uses electrical connections to raise the potential of his body to the potential of the live part, and is properly isolated from the surrounding different potentials to work directly on the live part.
Electricalwork
Working with or near electrical facilities, where there is a risk of electric shock, should require the workers to have electrical technical knowledge and experience. Note
1 Electrical work includes: testing and measurement, maintenance, replacement, change, extension, assembly and inspection. 2 The workers should be trained, and the electrical work they are suitable for is stipulated by national regulations and laws. 2.1.13 Non-electricalworkWorking near electrical equipment, but the workers do not need to have electrical technical knowledge and experience. Note
1 Non-electrical work includes: construction, excavation, cleaning, painting and other work. 2 Non-electrical work requires operators not to get too close to live parts during work, otherwise it will be dangerous. 2.1.14 energized (for live working) energized (inliveworking) The potential of the work place is significantly different from the ground potential and there is a risk of electric shock. Note: When the live part is electrically connected as a power source, it is also energized due to the influence of the electromagnetic field. non-energized (for live working) dead (inliveworking); de-energized (inliveworking) 2.1.15
The work place is at ground potential or has no significant difference from ground potential. 2.1.16
statistical impulse withstand voltage
The peak value of the impulse test voltage with a probability of withstanding, for example, a reference probability of 90%, for a given insulation structure. Note: This concept applies to self-restoring insulation. 2.1.17
Required insulation level for live working (RILL) An acceptable low level of statistical impulse withstand voltage required at the working position to reduce the risk of insulation breakdown. Note: It is generally considered that this acceptable low level refers to the statistical impulse withstand voltage value greater than or equal to the statistical overvoltage value with a probability of no more than 2%. Disruptive discharge disruptive discharge 2.1.18
Discharge that establishes an arc channel accompanied by dielectric breakdown. Note: The term "spark discharge" is used when destructive discharge occurs in gas or liquid media; the term "flashover" is used when destructive discharge occurs on the outer surface of a solid medium surrounded by a gas or liquid medium; the term "breakdown" is used when a penetrating breakdown discharge occurs in a solid medium. 2.1.19 Working distance working distance A distance in air from live parts, determined by the insulation level required for live work, so that workers can ensure safety in actual operation or by detailed guidelines. 2.1.20 Minimum safety distance minimum approach distance minimum working distance 2
GB/T2900.552002
The minimum air distance required to be maintained between various parts of the worker's body, including hand-held conductive tools and any parts of different potentials. Note: Refers to the sum of the selected electrical distance and the selected human activity distance. Electrical distance electrical distance
During live work, the air gap distance between live parts and (or) between live parts and grounded parts with a very small probability of discharge.
Note: This probability is very small and quite safe. 2 Human-machine operation distance ergonomic distance; ergonomic component (of distance) 2.1.22
This air distance should take into account unconscious movement during the operation and errors in distance judgment. 2.1.23
3 Statistical overvoltage statisticalover-voltage transient overvoltage peak value, with a statistical probability of 2% overvoltage value. 4 Tools for live working toolsforliveworking 2.1.24
Refers to tools, instruments and equipment used for live working. They are specially designed or modified, tested and kept. 5 Insulated tool insulated tool
A tool made of conductive material but fully or partially covered with insulating material. Insulating tool insulatingtool
Tools made basically or entirely of insulating materials. 2.1.27
Hand tool (for live working) handtool (inliveworking) Insulated or insulated tools used for low voltage operations using insulating gloves. Note: These tools are usually some common tools, such as screwdrivers, pliers, wrenches, knives, etc. 2.1.28
[Electrically protective barrier (electrically) protectiveobstacle can prevent unintentional direct contact, but does not hinder the parts that are considered to be in direct contact. Insulating screen insulatingscreen
Insulating isolation device used to limit access to live parts in a specific area. 2.1.30
Electrical hazard electricalhazard
Electrical equipment with harmful power sources.
Electrical risk electricalrisk
There is a possibility of harmful and serious electrical accidents caused by electric shock. 2 [Electrical] injury (electrical) injury 2.1.32
Injury to humans and animals caused by electric burning, arcing, fire or explosion caused by electric shock. [Electrical] Skilled person (electrically) skilled person; (electrically) qualified person (USA) 2.1.33
A person who has the experience to foresee dangers and avoid electric shock after proper training. [Electrical] Instructor (electrical) instructed person; (electrically) trained person (USA) 2.1.34
A person whose skilled electrical skills can explain or instruct in detail so that the trainees can foresee dangers and avoid electric shock.
2.1.35 Ordinary person
A person who has neither experience nor training.
2.1.36 Nominated person in control of work activity; supervisor; acting supervisor A person who is responsible for the guidance, management and safety of live working. Note: When necessary, some of his responsibilities can be delegated to other people. 2.1.37
Nominated person in control of an electrical installation A person who has direct management responsibility for electrical equipment. Note: When necessary, some of his responsibilities can be delegated to other people. 2.2 Insulating rod
2.2.1 Insulating rod insulating stick
GB/T2900.55—2002
A tool made of an insulating tube or rod with end fittings. 2.2.2 End fittings endfitting
A permanent part assembled at the end of an insulating tube. 2.2.3 Foam (for live working) Foam (in live working) Sealed insulating material made of polyurethane foam material to prevent moisture intrusion. Note: Foam is mainly used to fill empty pipes or similar insulating components. 2.2.4 Rod (for live working) Rod (inliveworking) A solid rod made of synthetic material, which can also be reinforced. 2.2.5 Tube (for live working) Tube (inliveworking) A tube made of synthetic material, usually reinforced, which can also be filled with foam. 2.2.6
Handling zone (for live working) Handling zone (inliveworking) The handling zone is the area marked on the insulated tool or the insulated tool where the tool is allowed to be held. Note: This distance ensures that the minimum working distance requirements are met when the tool is used in accordance with its instructions. 2.2.7 Handstick
Insulating rod for hand-operation. Used to work on live parts at a certain distance. 2.2.8 Tiestick
Insulating rod for tying or untying wires on insulators. 2.2.9 Hookstick
Insulating rod for installing, removing or maintaining wire clamps and with various spare eyelet accessories. 2.2.10 Universal handstick An operating rod that can be connected to universal tools.
2.2.11 All-angle cog spanner stick; All-angle cog wrench stick is equipped with a removable socket wrench, a tool for installing and removing bolts and nuts. 2.3 Universal tool accessories
2.3.1 Attachable universal tool (for live working) Attachable universal tool (in live working) A tool with universal accessories installed on the end of the universal operating lever. Note: These tools can be used for various operations, for example: to hold various parts: adjustable insulator fork, bolt clamp, pin clamp; to install or extract parts: pin installer, pin puller; to manipulate bound lashing: swivel piece, horn hook. 2.3.2 Universal adapter (for live working) universal adapter (in live working) A device used to change the angle of the attachment on the universal operating rod. 2.3.3 Hook stick adapter A device that connects the hook stick to the universal attachment. 2.3.4 Rotary blade
A device connected to the universal tool that can be used to operate the tying of wires (tying wires). 2.3.5 Rotary prong
A device connected to the universal tool that can be used to operate the tying of wires (tying wires) or to install various accessories. 2.4 Insulating shield
2.4.1 Protective cover
Made of insulating material. A hard or soft cover used to cover live and/or dead parts and/or adjacent grounded parts to prevent contact with these parts.
GB/T2900.55—2002
Note: The shielding cover is usually designed to provide protection only when the worker accidentally touches the shielding cover. The shielding cover is for short-term use.
2.4.2 End-cap (inliveworking) Protective cover made of elastomer. Used to cover the exposed end of the insulated wire. 2.4.3 Conductor cover
Made of insulating material. Used to shield the wire. Note: Generally speaking, wire covers can be divided into soft and hard. 2.4.4 Un
Suspension string shielding cover Suspension string cover Hard protective cover. Used to cover the suspension insulator string and wire clamp. 2.4.5
Pin-type insulator cover Pin-type insulator cover is used to cover the pin-type insulator cover.
Note: Pin-type insulator cover can be soft or hard. 2.4.64
Insulating blanket insulating blanket
A soft sheet made of synthetic insulating rubber or plastic. Used to cover conductors or cover movable, fixed connecting wires or grounded metal parts.
Insulating mat insulating matting
A soft sheet made of synthetic insulating rubber. Used to provide insulation between the feet of workers and the ground when workers stand on it (this ground surface is usually at ground potential). 2.5 Bypass equipment
2.5.1 Shunting fork
A metal fork installed on an insulating rod. Used to bypass fuses or disconnect or connect circuits with load. 2.5.2 Load pick-up jumper Single-core insulated cable with an insulated wire clamp at one end and an insulated wire clamp at the other end containing a contact device for opening and closing load current, but it can only close a smaller load.
2.6 Hand tools
2.6.1 Wedge (in live working) Wedge (in live working) Insulated tool used to separate the phase conductors of a cable. 2.6.2 Lever (in live working) Lever (in live working) Insulated tool used to pry open the armor of a cable or the sheath of a conductor. 2.7 Personal protective equipment
2.7.1 Personal protective equipment personal protective equipment (PPE) For personal wear. Clothing, appliances or equipment used to protect or resist electrical hazards. 2.7.2 Safety helmet; hard hat (for electrical work) Made of synthetic materials. Equipped with an adjustable headband and neck strap, limited to mechanical protection of the head. Note: If the safety helmet is not made of synthetic insulating materials, the wearer's head can also protect the live low-voltage conductor. 2.7.3 Safety spectacles (for electrical work) Safety goggles
Glasses or goggles made of shatterproof lenses and organic material frames. They should be able to protect against ultraviolet rays and arc light. Note: The lenses can be colorless or colored. 2.7.4 Faceshield (for electrical work) A protective device used to protect the face of workers, or parts other than the eyes, in certain dangerous situations. When made of appropriate materials, the faceshield can also protect against electric fields, ultraviolet light and arc light. 5
Note: The faceshield can be colorless or colored. GB/T2900.55--2002
2.7.5 Facescreen for electrical work Made of conductive solid or mesh materials, it is used to protect the face of workers or part of them from the influence of electric fields. 2.7.6 Screening clothing Conductive clothing
Made of natural or synthetic materials, with conductive fibers woven completely inside, used to protect workers from the influence of electric fields. Note: Separable parts, such as gloves or socks, should be able to be connected to the main body of the clothing through conductive snaps or similar devices. 2.7.7 Equipotential bonding lead; bonding lead is a soft metal connection used by workers to connect or disconnect conductive clothing, protective nets or shielding from the conductive parts of the equipment. Note: This connection line is not a grounding device. 2.7.8 Insulating clothing Insulating clothing is made of insulating materials to prevent workers from getting electric shock at low voltage. 2.7.9 Insulating gloves Insulating gloves are made of synthetic rubber or plastic to prevent workers from getting electric shock on their hands. Insulating glove cover 2.7.10
It is put on the outside of the gloves to protect the insulating gloves from mechanical damage. 2.7.11 Mechanical protection gloves
composit gloves
Insulating gloves that take into account the overall mechanical protection of the gloves. 2.7.12
2 Insulating armsleeves are made of synthetic rubber or plastic to prevent workers from getting electric shock on their arms. Note: Insulating sleeves are usually designed so that workers only briefly touch live parts. 3 Insulating footwear
Made of insulating materials to prevent current from passing through the human body from the feet. Note
1 In some countries, insulating shoes are also called "resistance shoes" 2 Insulating shoes can provide complete or partial arc thermal protection and limited mechanical protection. 2.7.14 Safety boots safetyboots
Equipped with safety boot toe and non-slip, puncture-proof hard sole boots. 2.7.15
5 Safety shoes safetyshoes
Equipped with safety boot toe and non-slip, puncture-proof hard sole shoes. 2.7.16
Insulating overshoessafety overshoes
Made of soft insulating material and with non-slip soles, they prevent workers from accidentally stepping on live parts and causing dangerous current to flow through the human body.
2.8 Climbing and positioning equipment
2.8.1 Mobile elevating working platform (MEWP) is a machine installed on a motor vehicle with a chassis, with a telescopic structure, and composed of a smaller working platform. Note: This device can be insulated or non-insulated. 2.8.2
2 Working platform work platform
A pole platform, a fence platform or a mesh platform on which workers stand and can move to the required working position to complete assembly, repair, inspection and similar work.
2.8.3 Telescopic structure
g extending structure
This structure is installed on a motor vehicle with a chassis, supporting the working platform, and the working platform can be moved to the required position. Note: This structure can be a single or embedded type, or an integral arm type, or ladder type, or a scissor type mechanical device, or a combination of any of the above forms, which can rotate or cannot rotate on the chassis, and an insulated arm can also be used. 6
2.9 Handheld equipment
2.9.1 Insulating rope insulating rope
Rope made of insulating material.
2.9.2 Insulator clamp tool yoke
GB/T2900.55—2002
Metal tool used to relax the mechanical tension of the insulator string by using a pull rod. 2.9.3 Tower arm yoke towerarmyokeWww.bzxZ.net
Metal tool installed on the tower as an accessory for lifting the rod. 2.9.4 Lift-type saddle with chain binder; lever lift with chain binder A metal accessory fixed to the bracket, used in conjunction with the support rod to lift or lower the conductor. 5·Rope-snubbing bracket rope-snubbing bracket 2.9.5
A metal accessory fixed to the pole or tower, which can provide a hanging point for the pulley and rope. 2.9.6 Saddle
A metal accessory for fixing or controlling a conductor support rod and other equipment. Chainbinder
A metal component used to fix the support during operation, and can also be used to tie various types of support equipment. 2.9.8
Automatic come-along clamp; wire grip A metal accessory used to fix the conductor.
2.9.9 Insulator fork
Made of synthetic material or metal, used to operate insulator strings. 2.10 Testing equipment
Measuring stick; measuring rod 2.10.1
An insulating rod used to measure length or spacing. 2.10.2 U.S.
Surface leakage current meter surfaceleakagetester A device used to detect surface leakage current of insulating tools and materials. Moisture tester
A device used to detect the humidity of the environment and tools. Voltage detector
A portable device used to detect the presence or absence of a working voltage and to determine whether the equipment can be grounded. Voltage detecting system (VDS) 2.10.5
A device used to detect the presence or absence of a working voltage. Note
1 Some systems can also be used for other electrical tests such as phase comparison. 2 Voltage detection systems can be classified as integral and detachable systems that are fixedly connected to a movable indicator by means of an interface. 2.10.6 Voltage indicating system (VIS) A device used only to provide some information about the working voltage. Note: The difference from the voltage indicating system is to determine that the electrical equipment has been disconnected from all power supplies and has not been grounded. Phase comparator; phasing tester 2.10.7
A portable device used to determine the phase of the power supply. 2.10.8
Indicator
A part of a voltage detector that indicates the presence or absence of a working voltage when in contact with an electrode. 2.10.9#
contact electrode
contact electrode
exposed conductive element that forms an electrical connection with the circuit element being tested. 2.10.10 clear indication18
Indicator
The part of a voltage detector that, when in contact with an electrode, indicates the presence or absence of an operating voltage. 2.10.9#
Contact electrode
Contact electrode
The exposed conductive element that forms an electrical connection with the circuit element being tested. 2.10.10 Clear indication18
Indicator
The part of a voltage detector that, when in contact with an electrode, indicates the presence or absence of an operating voltage. 2.10.9#
Contact electrode
Contact electrode
The exposed conductive element that forms an electrical connection with the circuit element being tested. 2.10.10 Clear indication1
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