Rules for drafting STANDARDs--Part 1:Terminology (ISO 10241:1992 International terminology STANDARDs--Preparation and layout,NEQ)
Some standard content:
1CS 01. 120
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 20001.1—2001
Replaces GB/T1.6--1997
Rules for drafting standards
Part 1: Terminology
Rules for drafting standards-Part 1: Terminology(IS0) 10241:1992 International terminology standards-Preparation and layout,NEQ)
2001- 11-05 Release
People's Republic of China
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
20020301 Implementation
Normative references
Terms and definitions
Term standardization
Establishment of technical standards
Preparatory work...
Requirements analysis
Definition of professional fields
Collection of materials
Number of concepts
Choice of language
Drawing up of tables
Work flow
Collection of terminology data
Terminology data Records of terms
Establishment of glossary
Establishment of concept domain and concept system
Description of definitions
Establishment and selection of terms
Terminology compilation
Basic requirements
Data category of terms
Indentation of terminology standards
Structure of entry
Item number
Preferred terms
Corresponding words
Abbreviated form
6.5.6 Permitted terms
Rejected and superseded terms
Professional fields
GB/T 20001.1—2001
GB/T 20001. 1—2001
Other forms of expression of concepts
Mutual reference
6.6 Sorting of terminology entries…
6.6.1 Sorting by system.
6.6.2 Mixed arrangement
6.6.3 Sorting in alphabetical order of Chinese phonetic symbols·6.7 Index·
6.7.1 →General principles
6.7.2 Arrange terminology standards by system.
6.7.3 Expression form of index
6.7.4 Expression form of compound term index….6.8 Graphical representation…
References
The GB/T 20001 standard writing rules are divided into the following parts: Part 1: Technical spectrum;
Part 2: Symbols;
Part 3: Information classification and coding;
Part 4, Chemical analysis methods.
B/T 20001.1:2001
This part is the first part of IEC 613/T20001, corresponding to ISO 10241:1002 "Establishment and arrangement of international terminology standards". The consistency between this part and ISO 10241 is not equivalent, and the main differences are as follows: the contents that are not covered by the standard in the "Specification" are moved to the "Foreword" of this part; the international standards that have not yet been formulated into national standards in the "Specification" are cited, and the contents that must be cited are directly written in the text; some national standards that need to be cited are also added; necessary modifications are made to Chapter 6, such as adding principle provisions and guiding instructions for the use of different languages; some examples are adjusted to meet the principle of localization. This part replaces GB/T 1. GB/T 1.6-1997: Guidelines for the Drafting and Presentation of Standards, Part 1: Drafting and Presentation of Standards Part 6: Provisions for the Preparation of Language Standards. This part has been adjusted to GB/T 1.6-1997 in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2000. The main changes are as follows: the name of the standard has been modified; the overall structure and layout of the standard have been modified and adjusted; necessary changes have been made to Chapter 5, such as: adding some content (see 5.2.5.2, 5.2.5.3); deleting and modifying some examples; Appendix A (the appendix recommended by the standard) has been deleted; Appendix 13 (the appendix of the suggestion) has been deleted. GB/120001 is one of a series of national standards such as guidelines, instructions and writing rules for standardization work. The following lists the planned structure of these national standards, the corresponding international standards, guidelines, instructions, and the national standards that will be replaced: GB/T1 Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Writing Rules of Standards (ISO/IEC Guidelines Part 3, replacing GB/T 1.1993, GB/T 1.2----1996); Part 2: Methods for the Preparation of Standards (ISO/IEC Guidelines Part 2, replacing GB/T1.3:1897, GB/T 1.7 1988);
Part 3: Technical working procedures (IS0/1FC Guide Part 1, replacing CB/T16733-1997); b) GB/T20000 Dual Standardization Work Guide Part 1: Common terms for standardization and related activities (IS0/1FC Guide 2, replacing GBT3935.1-1996); - Part 2: Rules for adopting international standards (IS0/1EC Guide 21); Part 3: Rules for citing documents (IS0/IFC GB/T 15, replacing GB/T 1.22-1993); Part 1: Preparation of standards and safety aspects (ISO/IEC Guide 51); Part 5: Preparation of environmental aspects of product standards (ISO/IEC Guide 64); Part 1: Terminology (ISO) 10211. Replaces GB/T 1.61997); Part 2: Symbols (replaces GB/T 1.5-1988), GB/T 20001.1-2001; Part 3: Information classification and coding (replaces (G3/T 7026-1986); Part 4: Chemical analysis methods (ISO78-2, replaces GB/T 1.4-1988) This part is proposed by the China Standard Promotion Research Center. This part is under the jurisdiction of the China Standard Research Center. Drafting units of this part: China Standards Research Institute, State Post Bureau Scientific Research and Planning Institute, China Encyclopedia Publishing House Main drafters of this part: Yu Xinli, Zhang Zhiyun, Xiao Yu, Ye Sheng, Li Mingfei, Lu Lili, Wang Yu. This part was first issued in 1988 and revised for the first time in 1997. Introduction
GB/T 20001.1—2001
Standardization of terminology is the basis of standardization activities. Terminology work follows unified principles and methods, which can: a) organize technical work in a practical and effective way; b) ensure the consistency and logical integrity of terminology within a certain professional field and between related fields; ) help coordinate the concept system and the terminology of different languages; d) promote the effective application of information technology in terminology work. 1 Scope
Standard writing rules
Part 1 Terminology
GB/T2000! This part of GB/T 20001.1-2001 specifies the "procedures for the formulation and writing of technical standards". GB/T 20001.1-2001
This part is applicable to the chapter "Technical Standards and Definitions" in the preparation of technical standards and standards, and is also used for reference in other technical work. 2 Normative references
The following documents are referenced in this part of GB/T 20001 and become the terms of this part. For any referenced document with a date, the subsequent amendment (excluding errata) or revision is not applicable to this part. However, the parties to an agreement based on this part are encouraged to study whether the latest version of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version is applicable to this part.
GB/T 1.1-2000 Directives for standardization work Part 1: Structure and rules for the preparation of standards (ISO/IEC; Directives, Part 3.19g7. Rules for the structure and rules of International Standards Standards, NEQ) GB3122 General principles for quantities, units and symbols (eV15031-0) GB3102 (all parts) Quantities and units [-qv1S031 (all parts) 2 GB/T4880 Language name code (eqVIS0) 639) (:H/ 10112--1999 Principles and methods of terminology work:B13418-1992 General rules for sorting text items C/T15237-2000 Vocabulary for terminology: Part 1: Theory and application (egv1S01087-1:2000) G3/1167851997 Technical terms. Coordination of concepts and technical terms (eqv150860:1996) 3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions established in GB/T15237--2000 apply to this part of GB/T20001. 4 Terminology standardization
The goal of establishing a terminology standard is to obtain a standardized set of terms, in which concepts and terms: · are aligned to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding. Therefore, in the work of terminology standardization:
etiquette) A corresponding concept system should be established for each terminology standard; h) The extended meaning of a concept should be able to replace the term corresponding to the concept in the context (substitution principle); ) The definition of a concept should be expressed in Chinese or the minority language specified by the state; d) The same definition expressed in different languages should be equivalent in content and use similar structures as much as possible; e) The differences between the concept system of national standards and the concept system of international standards, as well as the differences between the concept system of different minority languages and the concept system of national standards should be pointed out. 5 Formulation of terminology standards
5. 1 Preparatory work
5. 1. 1 Demand analysis
When communication difficulties are caused by unclear meanings of concepts (or) terms in a certain field, terminology standards should be formulated, or in other GB/T 20001. 1 The 2001 standard has a special chapter "Terms and Definitions" to address this issue. 5.1-2 Users The use of the standard should be clearly defined. The determination of users will be related to: a) the definition of the field or sub-field involved; b) the type and number of concepts included; c) the choice of language; d) the expression of the definition; d) the number and marking of synonyms; f) the type and number of examples. 5.1.3 Definition of professional fields 5.1.3.1 The definition of professional fields is conducive to: a) the collection, evaluation and use of literature; b) the division of sub-fields; c) the division of work and its arrangement, especially when working in groups; d) structuring the outline at the initial stage; e) coordination with terminology working groups in related fields. 5. 1.3.2 The definition procedure of professional fields is as follows: a) When determining the scope, the following should be considered:
1) The scope of work of the technical committee or standardization organization, such as "CSBTS/TC62 National Technical Committee on Terminology Standardization" and "CSBTS/TC17 National Technical Committee on Acoustics Standardization"; 2) General classification methods, such as: "China Standard Document Classification Method", GI3/T13745 "Subject Classification and Code"; 3) Professional classification methods, such as: GB/T6866 "Gardening Tools, Classification and Nomenclature", ISO2148 "Continuous Loading and Unloading Equipment-Nomenclature"
4) General documents in a professional field, including standards, manuals, textbooks, dictionaries, catalogs and reports; 5) Terminology vocabulary and questionnaires.
b) The sub-fields included should be determined based on the purpose of the standard and the needs of users. 5.1.4 Collection of information
For each standard, the terminology usage in the field should be analyzed. 5.1.4.1 Types of data
The main types of data to be collected include:
a) Authoritative documents such as laws, regulations, and standards; b) Textbooks, scientific papers, scientific journals and other academic groups generally recognized contributions; c) Pamphlets, instruction manuals, parts (components) catalogs, reports and other common, but not necessarily recognized materials; d) Oral or written materials provided by working group members and relevant experts; e) Terminology databases:
f) Glossaries, dictionaries, encyclopedias, thesauri. All relevant materials in the field should be studied carefully. In various types of documents, it is possible to find useful examples, illustrations, concept systems (complete or partial) and terminology.
5.1.4.2 Evaluation of data
All data should be carefully evaluated, and the following points should be considered: a) In outdated materials, terms and definitions may not be reliable; b) The author should be a recognized authority in the field; c) The terms in the data should not only reflect the views of a certain school! 2
GB/T 20001. 1—2001
(l) For the existing collection, it should be considered whether it is compiled in accordance with the recognized terminology working principles and methods stipulated in the relevant national standards:
e It should be clear whether the cited literature is a translation. If it is a translation, the reliability of the translation should be evaluated first. Unless in special circumstances, the translation should not be used
A list of all materials should be compiled, and the bibliographic data required to retrieve these materials should be included in the list. In order to facilitate data management, codes can be compiled and used.
5.1.5 Number of concepts
The number of concepts should be limited because:
a) Excessive number of concepts will lead to inaccuracies and omissions; h) Too many concepts will take too long and it will be difficult to reflect the latest developments in the professional field in a timely manner. Experience shows that if the number of concepts exceeds 200, it is necessary to divide a certain project into several sub-projects. 5.1.6 Choice of language
5.1.6.1 When developing a terminology standard in multiple languages, it is most effective to start with these languages at the same time. 5.1.6.2 When deciding whether to use a certain language, the following points should be considered: a) Whether sufficient and reliable literature in the language is available; 6) Whether effective assistance can be obtained from native experts in the language. Native experts should participate in the preparation of definitions, examples, notes, and the review of the standard text.
5.1.7 Preparation of schedule
A detailed work schedule should be prepared, including: a) a list of project phases; a) a work schedule for each phase; and b) the responsibilities of the project working group or members.
5.2 Work flow
The order of each phase must be determined at once, that is, it cannot be transferred. The work flow should be determined according to the terminology work principles. If the field of the standard needs to be further divided into several sub-fields, it should be done at the beginning of the project. 1 The working group should involve experts with knowledge of terminology standardization and relevant language knowledge, or consult relevant experts. 5.2.1 Collection of terminology data
The concepts belonging to the field should be identified by analyzing the data (see 5.1.4), and the corresponding term list should be established in the language used. In the initial stage, the term list should include all terms or concept definitions related to the field, even if it may be found that they belong to other fields later.
Sometimes there are only definitions but no terms for some concepts. In this case, the definition should be listed and five small dots ",··" should be used to indicate that there is no corresponding term or no corresponding term has been found.
When consulting the literature, all information in the literature (terms, synonyms, antonyms, definitions, context, etc.) should be extracted at once. 5.2.2 Recording of terminology data
Each type of information should be recorded in a unified way. Each term should be recorded separately together with its concept identifier: synonyms in the same language and corresponding words in different languages should also be recorded separately but with the same concept identifier. In each language, the following data may be included:) Data related to the term, including: 1) term (i.e., basic form): 2) synonyms: 3) near synonyms (to facilitate comparison and distinction); 4) antonyms: 5) variants (such as spelling variants, morphological variants and syntactic variants); 6) GB/T 20001.1 2001
Abbreviated form:
Full form:
Convention:
Other language correspondences (including the degree of correspondence). 2) Adoption level (i.e., priority terms, permitted terms, rejected and superseded terms). 3) Legal information
4) Notes on the original language.
When collecting data, terms that may need to be marked as "not yet standardized", "new terms", "registered trademarks", "technical jargon", "internal terms", and "regional terms" should also be recorded. However, in the final vocabulary, it should be clearly marked which type they belong to.
h) Data related to the concept, including:
1) Definition;
2) Context:
3) Other expressions of the concept (for example,formula, etc.); 41 graphical representation;
5) Example:
) Note.
If information about the concept system is available (superordinate concept, subordinate concept, parallel concept, etc.), it should also be recorded. c) Administrative data, including:
1) Concept identifier:
2) Language symbol:
3) Recording date:
) Recorder identifier,
5 Source document,
In order to ensure the consistency of working methods, before recording technical information, a code table of data types (such as recording date, recorder identifier, source document) should be established.
5.2.3 Establishment of the glossary
5.2.3.1 The glossary may include terms that express the following concepts: a) concepts specific to this professional field; b) concepts shared by several professional fields; c) borrowed concepts; d) general term concepts: The general classification of the field may be used as a guide to determine whether a concept should be included: 5.2.3.2 The final glossary should include: a) concepts specific to this professional field; b) a few borrowed concepts and a small number of shared concepts. Trademarks, commercial names and slang should be avoided. 5.2.4 Establishment of concept domains and concept systems 5.2.4.1 After the glossary is established, related concepts should be arranged into concept domains (collections of related concepts). The concept grouping should be the same in each language. The relationship between the concept domains should be clarified, and then the concepts in each domain should be structured to form a subsystem of concepts so that each concept has a certain position in the concept system. The concept system should be established in accordance with GB/T 10112-1999. 4
GB/T 20001. 1: 2001
Each language should establish a concept system, and the country, different organizations and different schools of thought should be taken into consideration when establishing the system. After the system is established, it should be checked:
) Whether the position of each concept is correct;
b) Whether there are any missing concepts;
5.2.4.2 The concept systems of each language used in this standard should be compared in order to: a) determine the degree of compatibility between the concept systems; b) coordinate these concept systems in accordance with CR/T16785-1997. 5.2.4.3 If it is not possible to establish a concept system that is applicable to all languages, there are two solutions: a) Establish a Chinese concept system as a national standard as much as possible, allowing the system to have certain differences from international standards or minority language concept systems in some aspects, but this should be explained in the standard; b) Standardize only the content that can reach consensus. In this case, it is necessary to redefine the areas involved (see 5.1.3), but it is not recommended to use the comparison method because this may lead to a set of unsystematic concepts in the standardization. c) If none of the above methods are suitable, it can be compiled into a "standardization guidance technical document" first, and then the standard can be formulated when conditions are ripe. 5.2.5 Expression of definitions
5.2.5.1 The basic principles and methods of expressing definitions are as stipulated in Chapter 4 of GB/T1011219099. 5.2.5.2 In terminology standards, concepts should be defined within the scope of the standard. In other standards, the concepts used in the standards should be defined, as well as additional concepts and terms that help to explain these definitions. 5.2.5.3 Avoid duplication and contradiction in terminology standards. Before establishing a term and definition for a concept, find out whether the concept already has a term and definition in other standards. If a concept is used in more than ten standards, it should be defined in the most common standard or in the terminology standard. Other standards only need to refer to the standard that defines the concept and do not need to repeat the definition of the concept. If a term and definition have been established for a concept in a certain standard, other standards should not use different references (referring to any form of expression of the concept) or synonyms for the established concept.
5.2.5.4 The opening chapter of a definition should follow the following basic principles: a) The preferred structure of a definition is: definition = superordinate concept - the distinguishing feature used to distinguish the concept being defined from other parallel concepts. Example:
Superordinate concept superardinaleconcept hierarchical system, can be divided into the concepts of the next lower level concepts (3.1) 3.1.3
Subordinate concept subordinatc concept
In the hierarchical system, a concept that is parallel to one or more concepts (3.1) and constitutes the concept of the superordinate level. b) Definitions should not adopt the descriptive form of "terms used to describe or terms that represent...", and terms do not need to be repeated in the definition. They should not adopt the form of "terms are..." or "terms mean". Concepts should be expressed directly on the surface. ) Definitions should generally not start with specific words, such as "this", "the", "one", etc. d) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, Jiang: b)e is the principle of substitution (Article 4 b)) of lr. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should be in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of GB/I10112--1999.
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of structure.
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) Symbols:
e) Legal information;
f) Professional field:
g) Source literature;
h) Non-preferred terms and their status identification (approved, rejected and replaced); i) Other ways of expressing concepts (e.g. formula, figure); i) Related references:
k) Examples of term usage;
1) Note:
m) Corresponding words of other types.1 The glossary may include terms that express the following concepts: a) concepts specific to the professional field; b) concepts shared by several professional fields; c) borrowed concepts; d) general term concepts: The general classification of the field or field can be used as a guide to determine whether a concept should be included: 5.2.3.2 The final list should include: a) concepts specific to the professional field; b) a few borrowed concepts and a small number of shared concepts. Trademarks, commercial names and slang should be avoided. 5.2.4 Establishment of concept domains and concept systems 5.2.4.1 After the glossary is established, related concepts should be arranged into concept domains (collections of related concepts). The concept grouping should be the same in each language. The relationship between concept domains should be clarified, and then the concepts in each domain should be structured to form a subsystem of concepts so that each concept has a definite position in the concept system. 4.2.2.4.2 The concept system of each language used in this standard should be compared in order to: a) determine the compatibility of the concept systems; b) coordinate these concept systems in accordance with CR/T16785-1997. 5.2.4.3 If it is not possible to establish a concept system that is applicable to all languages, there are two solutions: a) Establish a Chinese concept system as a national standard as much as possible, allowing the system to have certain differences from international standards or minority language concept systems in some aspects, but this should be explained in the standard; b) Standardize only the content that can reach consensus. In this case, it is necessary to redefine the areas involved (see 5.1.3), but it is not recommended to use the comparison method because this may lead to a set of unsystematic concepts in the standardization. c) If none of the above methods are suitable, it can be compiled into a "standardization guidance technical document" first, and then the standard can be formulated when conditions are ripe. 5.2.5 Expression of definitions
5.2.5.1 The basic principles and methods of expressing definitions are as stipulated in Chapter 4 of GB/T1011219099. 5.2.5.2 In terminology standards, concepts should be defined within the scope of the standard. In other standards, the concepts used in the standards should be defined, as well as additional concepts and terms that help to explain these definitions. 5.2.5.3 Avoid duplication and contradiction in terminology standards. Before establishing a term and definition for a concept, find out whether the concept already has a term and definition in other standards. If a concept is used in more than ten standards, it should be defined in the most common standard or in the terminology standard. Other standards only need to refer to the standard that defines the concept and do not need to repeat the definition of the concept. If a term and definition have been established for a concept in a certain standard, other standards should not use different references (referring to any form of expression of the concept) or synonyms for the established concept.
5.2.5.4 The opening chapter of a definition should follow the following basic principles: a) The preferred structure of a definition is: definition = superordinate concept - the distinguishing feature used to distinguish the concept being defined from other parallel concepts. Example:
Superordinate concept superardinaleconcept hierarchical system, can be divided into the concepts of the next lower level concepts (3.1) 3.1.3
Subordinate concept subordinatc concept
In the hierarchical system, a concept that is parallel to one or more concepts (3.1) and constitutes the concept of the superordinate level. b) Definitions should not adopt the descriptive form of "terms used to describe or terms that represent...", and terms do not need to be repeated in the definition. They should not adopt the form of "terms are..." or "terms mean". Concepts should be expressed directly on the surface. ) Definitions should generally not start with specific words, such as "this", "the", "one", etc. d) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, Jiang: b)e is the principle of substitution (Article 4 b)) of lr. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should be in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of GB/I10112--1999.
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of structure.
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) Symbols:
e) Legal information;
f) Professional field:
g) Source literature;
h) Non-preferred terms and their status identification (approved, rejected and replaced); i) Other ways of expressing concepts (e.g. formula, figure); i) Related references:
k) Examples of term usage;
1) Note:
m) Corresponding words of other types.1 The glossary may include terms that express the following concepts: a) concepts specific to the professional field; b) concepts shared by several professional fields; c) borrowed concepts; d) general term concepts: The general classification of the field or field can be used as a guide to determine whether a concept should be included: 5.2.3.2 The final list should include: a) concepts specific to the professional field; b) a few borrowed concepts and a small number of shared concepts. Trademarks, commercial names and slang should be avoided. 5.2.4 Establishment of concept domains and concept systems 5.2.4.1 After the glossary is established, related concepts should be arranged into concept domains (collections of related concepts). The concept grouping should be the same in each language. The relationship between concept domains should be clarified, and then the concepts in each domain should be structured to form a subsystem of concepts so that each concept has a definite position in the concept system. 4.2.2.4.2 The concept system of each language used in this standard should be compared in order to: a) determine the compatibility of the concept systems; b) coordinate these concept systems in accordance with CR/T16785-1997. 5.2.4.3 If it is not possible to establish a concept system that is applicable to all languages, there are two solutions: a) Establish a Chinese concept system as a national standard as much as possible, allowing the system to have certain differences from international standards or minority language concept systems in some aspects, but this should be explained in the standard; b) Standardize only the content that can reach consensus. In this case, it is necessary to redefine the areas involved (see 5.1.3), but it is not recommended to use the comparison method because this may lead to a set of unsystematic concepts in the standardization. c) If none of the above methods are suitable, it can be compiled into a "standardization guidance technical document" first, and then the standard can be formulated when conditions are ripe. 5.2.5 Expression of definitions
5.2.5.1 The basic principles and methods of expressing definitions are as stipulated in Chapter 4 of GB/T1011219099. 5.2.5.2 In terminology standards, concepts should be defined within the scope of the standard. In other standards, the concepts used in the standards should be defined, as well as additional concepts and terms that help to explain these definitions. 5.2.5.3 Avoid duplication and contradiction in terminology standards. Before establishing a term and definition for a concept, find out whether the concept already has a term and definition in other standards. If a concept is used in more than ten standards, it should be defined in the most common standard or in the terminology standard. Other standards only need to refer to the standard that defines the concept and do not need to repeat the definition of the concept. If a term and definition have been established for a concept in a certain standard, other standards should not use different references (referring to any form of expression of the concept) or synonyms for the established concept.
5.2.5.4 The opening chapter of a definition should follow the following basic principles: a) The preferred structure of a definition is: definition = superordinate concept - the distinguishing feature used to distinguish the concept being defined from other parallel concepts. Example:
Superordinate concept superardinaleconcept hierarchical system, can be divided into the concepts of the next lower level concepts (3.1) 3.1.3
Subordinate concept subordinatc concept
In the hierarchical system, a concept that is parallel to one or more concepts (3.1) and constitutes the concept of the superordinate level. b) Definitions should not adopt the descriptive form of "terms used to describe or terms that represent...", and terms do not need to be repeated in the definition. They should not adopt the form of "terms are..." or "terms mean". Concepts should be expressed directly on the surface. ) Definitions should generally not start with specific words, such as "this", "the", "one", etc. d) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, Jiang: b)e is the principle of substitution (Article 4 b)) of lr. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should be in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of GB/I10112--1999.
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of structure.
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) Symbols:
e) Legal information;
f) Professional field:
g) Source literature;
h) Non-preferred terms and their status identification (approved, rejected and replaced); i) Other ways of expressing concepts (e.g. formula, figure); i) Related references:
k) Examples of term usage;
1) Note:
m) Corresponding words of other types.2 The concept systems of each language used in the standard should be compared in order to: a) determine the degree of compatibility between the concept systems; b) coordinate these concept systems in accordance with CR/T16785-1997. 5.2.4.3 If it is not possible to establish a concept system that is compatible with all languages, there are two solutions: a) establish a Chinese concept system as a national standard as much as possible, allowing the system to have certain differences with the international standard or the concept system of ethnic minorities in some aspects, but this should be explained in the standard; b) standardize only the content that can reach consensus. At this point, it is necessary to redefine the areas involved (see 5.1.3), but it is not recommended to use the comparison method because this may lead to a group of unsystematic concepts in the standardization. c) If none of the above methods are suitable, it can be compiled into a "standardization guidance technical document" first, and then the standard can be formulated when conditions are ripe. 5.2.5 Expression of definitions
5.2.5.1 The basic principles and methods for expressing definitions are as stipulated in Chapter 4 of GB/T1011219099. 5.2.5.2 In the terminology standard, the concepts should be defined within the scope of the standard. In other standards, the concepts used in the definition standard and the additional concepts and terms that help to explain these definitions should be included. 5.2.5.3 Duplication and contradiction should be avoided in the terminology standard. Before establishing a terminology and definition for a concept, it is necessary to find out whether the concept has terms and definitions in other standards. If a concept is used in more than ten standards, it should be defined in the most common standard or in the terminology standard: other standards only need to cite the standard that defines the concept, and do not need to repeat the definition of the concept. If a certain concept has been established in a certain standard, other standards should not use different references (referring to any form of expression of the concept) or synonyms for the established concept.
5.2.5.4 The beginning of the definition should follow the following basic principles: a) The preferred structure of the definition is: definition = superordinate concept - the distinguishing feature used to distinguish the concept being defined from other parallel concepts. Example:
Superordinate concept superardinaleconcept hierarchical system, can be divided into the concepts of the next lower level concepts (3.1) 3.1.3
Subordinate concept subordinatc concept
In the hierarchical system, a concept that is parallel to one or more concepts (3.1) and constitutes the concept of the superordinate level. b) Definitions should not adopt the descriptive form of "terms used to describe or terms that represent...", and terms do not need to be repeated in the definition. They should not adopt the form of "terms are..." or "terms mean". Concepts should be expressed directly on the surface. ) Definitions should generally not start with specific words, such as "this", "the", "one", etc. d) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, Jiang: b)e is the principle of substitution (Article 4 b)) of lr. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should be in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of GB/I10112--1999.
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of structure.
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) Symbols:
e) Legal information;
f) Professional field:
g) Source literature;
h) Non-preferred terms and their status identification (approved, rejected and replaced); i) Other ways of expressing concepts (e.g. formula, figure); i) Related references:
k) Examples of term usage;
1) Note:
m) Corresponding words of other types.2 The concept systems of each language used in the standard should be compared in order to: a) determine the degree of compatibility between the concept systems; b) coordinate these concept systems in accordance with CR/T16785-1997. 5.2.4.3 If it is not possible to establish a concept system that is compatible with all languages, there are two solutions: a) establish a Chinese concept system as a national standard as much as possible, allowing the system to have certain differences with the international standard or the concept system of ethnic minorities in some aspects, but this should be explained in the standard; b) standardize only the content that can reach consensus. At this point, it is necessary to redefine the areas involved (see 5.1.3), but it is not recommended to use the comparison method because this may lead to a group of unsystematic concepts in the standardization. c) If none of the above methods are suitable, it can be compiled into a "standardization guidance technical document" first, and then the standard can be formulated when conditions are ripe. 5.2.5 Expression of definitions
5.2.5.1 The basic principles and methods for expressing definitions are as stipulated in Chapter 4 of GB/T1011219099. 5.2.5.2 In the terminology standard, the concepts should be defined within the scope of the standard. In other standards, the concepts used in the definition standard and the additional concepts and terms that help to explain these definitions should be included. 5.2.5.3 Duplication and contradiction should be avoided in the terminology standard. Before establishing a terminology and definition for a concept, it is necessary to find out whether the concept has terms and definitions in other standards. If a concept is used in more than ten standards, it should be defined in the most common standard or in the terminology standard: other standards only need to cite the standard that defines the concept, and do not need to repeat the definition of the concept. If a certain concept has been established in a certain standard, other standards should not use different references (referring to any form of expression of the concept) or synonyms for the established concept.
5.2.5.4 The beginning of the definition should follow the following basic principles: a) The preferred structure of the definition is: definition = superordinate concept - the distinguishing feature used to distinguish the concept being defined from other parallel concepts. Example:
Superordinate concept superardinaleconcept hierarchical system, can be divided into the concepts of the next lower level concepts (3.1) 3.1.3
Subordinate concept subordinatc concept
In the hierarchical system, a concept that is parallel to one or more concepts (3.1) and constitutes the concept of the superordinate level. b) Definitions should not adopt the descriptive form of "terms used to describe or terms that represent...", and terms do not need to be repeated in the definition. They should not adopt the form of "terms are..." or "terms mean". Concepts should be expressed directly on the surface. ) Definitions should generally not start with specific words, such as "this", "the", "one", etc. d) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, Jiang: b)e is the principle of substitution (Article 4 b)) of lr. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should be in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of GB/I10112--1999.
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of structure.
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) Symbols:
e) Legal information;
f) Professional field:
g) Source literature;
h) Non-preferred terms and their status identification (approved, rejected and replaced); i) Other ways of expressing concepts (e.g. formula, figure); i) Related references:
k) Examples of term usage;
1) Note:
m) Corresponding words of other types.1) Definitions should generally not begin with specific words, such as "this", "the", "an", etc. 2) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, and the following are the principles of substitution (Article 4b) in the introduction. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of giving clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should comply with the provisions of Article 5 of GB/I10112--1999. bzxz.net
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of composition,
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) Symbols:
e) Legal information;
f) Professional field:
g) Source literature;
h) Non-preferred terms and their status identification (approved, rejected and replaced); i) Other ways of expressing concepts (e.g. formula, figure); i) Related references:
k) Examples of term usage;
1) Note:
m) Corresponding words of other types.1) Definitions should generally not begin with specific words, such as "this", "the", "an", etc. 2) The expression of quantitative definitions should comply with the provisions of GB 31C1, and the following are the principles of substitution (Article 4b) in the introduction. If necessary, graphics can be used to illustrate. However, graphics cannot replace the definition expressed in words. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms should be established on the basis of giving clear definitions of concepts. The selection or confirmation of new terms should comply with the provisions of Article 5 of GB/I10112--1999.
If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the preferred term. The composition of terms should comply with the principle of composition,
GB/T 20001. 1-. 2001
6 Terminology
6.1 General
This chapter mainly uses Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese standards should conform to the language and writing habits of that language.
Terms, definitions, notes, etc. in multilingual terminology standards should be arranged in multiple columns, using column spaces, line spaces or strikethroughs to make each type of term correspond to each other. The corresponding entries in each type should be technically equivalent and structurally consistent. 6.2 Basic requirements
6.2.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national regulations on language and writing. 6.2.2 The preparation of technical standards should comply with GB/T10112--1999, GB/T 16785-1997 and GB/T1.1-2000. When the International Organization for Standardization proposes China's terminology standards as draft international standards or translates China's terminology standards into English, French or Russian versions, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of the international standards. 6.2.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terminology announced by the National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, and as consistent as possible with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.2.4 The textual expression and the use of symbols should be in accordance with the habits and norms of the language used. 6.2.5 The wording of Chinese terminology should be listed in the label. English equivalents, French, Russian and other languages equivalents may be included when necessary: minority language standards should include Chinese and English equivalents. If necessary, other languages equivalents may also be included. The basis and preferred order for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms from international standards such as IS) or EC; b) Refer to and adopt foreign language terms from internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents, or influential associations and society standards, or advanced foreign standards, dictionaries, and registers. 6.3 Data categories for terms
6.3.1 Data categories should at least include:
a) Number:
b) Priority term list;
c) Corresponding terms; | |tt||d) Definition.
6.3.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) Phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) Abbreviated form (if the preferred term is in full form); c) Full form (if the preferred term is in abbreviated form): d) S
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