GB 18484-2001 Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard GB18484-2001 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

The People's Republic of China
Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Incineration
(GB18484-2001 replaces GWKB2-1999) [Approved by the State Environmental Protection Administration on November 12, 2001 and implemented on January 1, 2002)
This standard is formulated to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes", strengthen pollution control of hazardous wastes, protect the environment and safeguard human health. This standard is based on the actual situation in my country and is based on centralized continuous incineration facilities. It covers the pollution control of the entire process of hazardous waste incineration: For incineration facilities with heat recovery conditions, the comprehensive utilization of heat energy should be considered. This standard is proposed by the Pollution Control Department of the State Environmental Protection Administration. This standard is drafted by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the State Environmental Protection Administration. The China National Environmental Monitoring Center and the Chinese Academy of Science and Technology are responsible for drafting this standard. The content of this standard (including the implementation date) is equivalent to the "Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard" (GWKB2-1999) issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration on December 3, 1999. From the date of implementation of this standard, it will replace GWKB2-1999. The State Environmental Protection Administration is responsible for interpreting this standard. 1 Scope
Based on the needs of environmental pollution prevention and control in the process of hazardous waste treatment, this standard stipulates the site selection principles of hazardous waste incineration facilities, basic technical performance indicators of incineration, the maximum allowable emission limits of atmospheric pollutants emitted by incineration, the disposal principles of incineration residues and the corresponding environmental monitoring.
This standard is applicable to the design, environmental impact assessment, completion acceptance and pollution control management during the operation of hazardous waste incineration facilities other than explosive and truly radioactive wastes.
2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards, when cited in this standard, constitute the provisions of this standard and have the same effect as this standard.
GHZB1-1999Surface water environmental quality standardGB3095-1996Ambient air quality standard
GB/T16157--1996Determination of particulate matter in exhaust gas from stationary pollution sources and sampling method for gaseous pollutants
GB15562.2-1995Graphical signs for environmental protectionSolid waste storage (disposal site)
GB8978-1996Comprehensive sewage discharge standard
GB12349-90Noise standard for industrial enterprisesHJ/T20-1998Technical specification for sampling and preparation of industrial solid wasteWhen the above standards are revised, the latest version shall be used.3Terms
8.1Hazardous wastes
refers to the hazardous wastes listed in the national 3.2 Incineration
refers to the process of incinerating hazardous wastes to decompose and render them harmless. 3.3 Incinerator
refers to the main device for incinerating hazardous wastes:
3.4 ​​Incineration capacity
The weight of hazardous wastes incinerated by the incinerator per hour, 3.5 Incineration residue
refers to the combustion residues, fly ash and solid substances produced by the exhaust gas purification device discharged after the burning of hazardous wastes.
3.6 Thermal loss rate
refers to the percentage of the mass of the incineration residue reduced by incineration to the original mass of the incineration residue. The calculation method is as follows:
Where: P Thermal loss rate, %;
× 100%
A-mass of the original slag at room temperature after drying; B-mass of the slag after being heated at 600℃ (±25℃) for 3h and cooled to room temperature, g:
3.7 Flue gas residence time
refers to the residence time of the flue gas generated by combustion from the last air injection port or the burner outlet to the heat exchange surface (such as the heat exchanger of the waste heat boiler) or the flue cold air injection port. 3.8 Incinerator temperature
refers to the temperature at the center of the combustion chamber outlet of the incinerator. 3.9 Combustion efficiency (CE)
refers to the percentage of the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue exhaust gas to the sum of carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide. It is expressed by the following formula: [co
[co,] + (co × 100%
Where: [CO,] and [CO]....are the concentrations of CO and CO in the exhaust gas after combustion, respectively. 3.10 Destruction Removal Efficiency (DRE)
refers to the percentage of a certain organic substance reduced after incineration. It is expressed by the following formula: DRE=
+×100%
Where: -The weight of a certain organic substance in the incinerated material; Yang-The sum of the weights of organic substances corresponding to wi in the flue gas and the incineration residue.
3.11 Dioxins
A general term for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. 3.12 Dioxin Toxicity Equivalent (TEQ)
The dioxin toxicity equivalent factor (TEF) is the ratio of the affinity of dioxin toxic congeners to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin for Ah receptors. Dioxin affinity equivalent can be calculated by the following formula: TEQ = Z (dioxin toxicity similar substance concentration × TEF) 3.18 Standard state
refers to the gas state at a temperature of 273.16K and a pressure of 101.325kPa. The emission limits of various pollutants specified in this standard refer to the concentration converted with 11%0, [dry air] as the conversion basis under standard state. 4. Technical requirements
4.1 Principles of site selection for incineration plants
4.1.1 All types of incineration plants are not allowed to be built in the surface water environmental quality Class I and Class II functional areas specified in GHZB1 and the ambient air quality Class I functional areas specified in GB3095, namely nature reserves, scenic spots and other areas requiring special protection. Centralized hazardous waste incineration plants are not allowed to be built in densely populated residential areas, commercial areas and cultural areas.
4.1.2 All types of incineration plants are not allowed to be built in the upwind area of ​​the dominant wind direction of residential areas. 4.2 Requirements for incineration materials
Any hazardous waste except explosive and radioactive waste can be incinerated. 4.3 Height of incinerator exhaust stack
4.3.1 See Table 1 for the height of incinerator exhaust stack. Incineration capacity (kg/h)
≤300
300-2000
2000 ~ 2500
Table 1 Exhaust pipe height of incinerator
Waste type
Hospital clinical waste
Hazardous wastes specified in Article 4.2 other than hospital clinical waste
Hazardous wastes specified in Article 4.2
Hazardous wastes specified in Article 4.2
Hazardous wastes specified in Article 4.2
Minimum allowable height of exhaust pipe ()
4.3.2 When there are buildings within a radius of 200m around the exhaust pipe of the incinerator of a newly built centralized hazardous waste incineration plant: the height of the exhaust pipe must be more than 3m higher than the highest building. 4.3.3 For incineration with multiple exhaust sources! The exhaust gas should be concentrated into one exhaust pipe or discharged in a multi-pipe collective manner.
4.3.4 The exhaust pipe of the incinerator should be equipped with permanent sampling holes and facilities for sampling and measurement in accordance with the requirements of GB/T16157
4.4 Technical indicators of incinerator
4.4.1 The technical performance requirements of the incinerator are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Technical performance indicators of the incinerator
Waste type
Hazardous waste
PCB
Hospital clinical waste
Chu incinerator
Smoke residence
Temperature (℃) time (S)
Combustion efficiency
Chu destruction removal
Rate (%)
Heat of incineration residue
Ignition reduction rate (%)
4.4.2 The oxygen content in the flue gas at the outlet of the Chu incinerator should be 6% to 10% (dry gas). 4.4.3 During the operation of the Chu incinerator, the system must be kept in a negative pressure state to avoid the escape of harmful gases.
4.4.4 The incinerator must have an exhaust gas purification system, an alarm system and an emergency treatment device. 4.5 Storage of hazardous wastes
4.5.1 Storage sites for hazardous wastes must have special signs that comply with GB15562.2. 4.5.2 Waste storage containers must be clearly marked and have characteristics such as corrosion resistance, pressure resistance, sealing, and non-reaction with the stored wastes. 4.5.3 It is prohibited to mix incompatible hazardous wastes in storage sites. 4.5.4 Storage sites must have drainage and anti-leakage facilities. 4.5.5 Storage sites must be away from incineration facilities and meet fire protection requirements. 5 Pollutant (item) control limits
5.1 Incineration air pollutant emission limits
The concentration of any harmful substance in the exhaust gas of the incinerator shall not exceed the maximum allowable limit listed in Table 3.
5.2 When a hazardous waste incineration plant discharges wastewater, the maximum allowable emission concentration of pollutants in the water shall be implemented in accordance with GB8978.
5.3 Incineration residues shall be safely disposed of as hazardous wastes. 5.4 The noise from hazardous waste incineration shall comply with GB12349. Table 3 Emission limits of air pollutants from hazardous waste incinerators 1 Maximum allowable emission concentration limits (mg/m3) at different incineration capacities Pollutants Smoke blackness Carbon monoxide (CO) Sulfur dioxide (SO4) Hydrogen fluoride (HF) Hydrogen fluoride (HC1) Nitrogen oxides (in terms of NO4) Mercury and its compounds (in terms of Hg) Cadmium and its compounds (in terms of Cd) Arsenic nickel and its compounds (in terms of As+Ni) Lead and its compounds (in terms of Pb) Chromium, tin, antimony, copper, manganese and their compounds (in terms of Cr+Sn+Sb+Cu+Mn) 3) Dioxins
(kg/h)
900 -2500
(kg/h)
Ringelmann I level
0.5TEQng/m
(kg/n)
1) In the test calculation process, 11%0, (gas) is used as the conversion basis. The conversion formula is f0
C=21-0 × C.
Wu Zhong:
C--the concentration of the measured pollutant after conversion under the standard push state (m/\):0 s--the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas (%); C s--the concentration of the measured pollutant under the standard state (mg/m). 2) Refers to the total amount of arsenic and nickel.
3) Refers to the total amount of chromium, tin, antimony, copper and manganese. 6 Supervision and Monitoring
6.1 Waste Gas Monitoring
6.1.1 The number of sampling points and the location of sampling points for monitoring smoke or gaseous pollutants in the exhaust pipe of the incinerator shall be set in accordance with GB/I16157. 6.1.2 After the incineration facility has been running for 1 hour under normal conditions, gas samples shall be collected at a frequency of 1 time/h. The sampling time for each time shall not be less than 45 minutes. The samples shall be collected three times in succession and measured separately. The average value shall be used as the judgment value.
6.1.3 The emission gas of the incineration facility shall be carried out according to the pollution source monitoring analysis method (see Table 4). Table 4 Analysis methods for exhaust gases from sintering facilities No. Pollutants Smoke blackness Carbon oxide (CO) Sulfur monoxide (SO) Hydrogen fluoride (ILR) Hydrogen chloride (HCl) Nitrogen oxides Analytical method Ringelmann smoke method Gravimetric method Non-dispersive infrared absorption method Formaldehyde absorption Pararosaniline spectrophotometric method Filter membrane Fluoride ion selection Electrode method
Thiocyanate multiplication spectrophotometrySilver nitrate volumetric methodNaphthene diamine hydrochloride spectrophotometry
Cold atom absorption spectrophotometrywwW.bzxz.Net
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Silver diethyl dithiocarbamate spectrophotometryMethod source
GB/T5468-91
G3/T16157-1996
HJ/T44-1999
HJ/127 19591]
HJ/T43-1999
Pollutants
Dioxins
Analysis methods
Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometry
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
5Br-PADAP spectrophotometry
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Chromatography-mass spectrometry
Method sources
1) "Air and Waste Gas Monitoring and Analysis Methods", China Environmental Science Press, Beijing, 1990. 2) "Solid Waste Test Analysis and Evaluation Manual", China Environmental Science Press, Beijing, 1992. P332-359
6.2 Monitoring of thermal ignition reduction rate of incineration residue
6.2.1 The collection and preparation of samples shall comply with HJ/T20. 6.2.2 The thermal ignition reduction rate of incineration residue shall be analyzed by weight method. Calculate according to the formula listed in "3.6\ of this standard, and take the average value of the times as the judgment value. 7. Implementation of the standard
(1) From the date of implementation of this standard, the emission limit values ​​of dioxin pollutants shall be implemented in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. From January 1, 2003, it shall be implemented nationwide. (2) This standard shall be supervised and implemented by the environmental protection administrative departments of the people's governments at or above the county level.6\Calculate the formula, and take the average value of the times as the judgment value. 7. Implementation of the standard
(1) From the date of implementation of this standard, the emission limits of dioxin pollutants shall be implemented in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. From January 1, 2003, it will be implemented nationwide. (2) The environmental protection administrative departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the supervision and implementation of this standard.6\Calculate the formula, and take the average value of the times as the judgment value. 7. Implementation of the standard
(1) From the date of implementation of this standard, the emission limits of dioxin pollutants shall be implemented in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. From January 1, 2003, it will be implemented nationwide. (2) The environmental protection administrative departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the supervision and implementation of this standard.
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