This standard applies to lightning simulation tests for electronic equipment containing solid components connected to external lines. It is not applicable to the inspection of lightning direct strike equipment and electromagnetic interference caused by lightning. This standard is to define the terminology related to this test method; to specify the test waveform, shock wave generator circuit, test procedure and test record, etc. The purpose of the test is to test the ability of the relevant electronic equipment to adapt to lightning strikes. When formulating professional standards for electronic equipment lightning test methods, the requirements of the terms of this document must be met. GB/T 3482-1983 Electronic Equipment Lightning Test Method GB/T3482-1983 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Lightning test for electronic equipmentsUDC 621.3
GB 3482--83
This standard applies to lightning simulation tests of electronic equipment containing solid components connected to external lines. It is not applicable to the inspection of lightning direct equipment and electromagnetic disturbance caused by lightning. This standard is to determine the terms and definitions related to this test method, and to specify the test waveform, shock wave generator circuit, test procedure and test record, etc. The purpose of the test is to test the adaptability of the relevant electronic equipment to the environment. When formulating professional standards for lightning test methods for electronic equipment, the requirements of the relevant clauses of this document must be met. 1 Terms and definitions
1.1 Lightning impulse full wave
A non-periodic transient voltage wave. It usually rises to a peak value very quickly and then slowly drops to zero, as shown in Figure 1. uwww.bzxz.net
Half peak value
Front time
Half peak time
The time from zero to peak is called the front time: the time from zero to peak and then down to half of the peak is called the half peak time.
Note: The part of the wave before the peak is called the wave front: the part of the wave after the peak is called the wave.
1.1.1Unipolar impulse voltage full wave
refers to the non-solid-state transient voltage wave that has not been truncated as shown in Figure 2. -Generally recorded as 71/T2s, T is the apparent front time, T is the apparent half peak time.
National Bureau of Standards 19B3-02-20 Issued
1983-10-01 Implementation
T, = 1.677
7*=0.37,-0.5T
1.1.1.1 Apparent wavefront time T
GB8482-83
refers to the time interval of 30% and 90% of the peak value (points A and B in Figure 2) multiplied by 1,67. If the oscillation occurs on the wavefront, points A and B should be selected on the average line drawn through these oscillations. 1.1.1.2 Apparent origin 0
refers to the time scale leading point A by 0.3T1. For linear scanning oscilloscopes, a straight line is drawn through points A and B on the wavefront and intersects the horizontal axis. The intersection is the apparent origin 0,.
1.1.1.3 Apparent half-peak time T2
refers to the time interval from the apparent origin to the time when the voltage drops to 50% of the peak value. 1.1.1.4 Test voltage value
For smooth lightning impulse test voltage value refers to the peak value. For some test circuits, the voltage may oscillate or overshoot (Figure 3a, b). If the oscillation frequency is not less than 0.5MHz or the overshoot duration does not exceed 1μs, the average curve (dashed line in Figure 3a, b) should be taken. The maximum amplitude of the curve is the test voltage value. The allowable range of oscillation and overshoot is specified in 4.3.3. 0.5MH
1.1.2 Critical impulse discharge voltage full wave
refers to the impulse voltage full wave with a peak value of the critical impulse discharge voltage value of the air gap spark gap used to protect electronic equipment. 1.2 Transverse test and longitudinal test
Transverse test
GB 3482-83
Test in which impulse voltage is applied between the input (output) terminals of electronic equipment. 1.2.2. Longitudinal test
1.2.2.1 Test in which impulse voltage is applied between the input (output) terminal of the electronic equipment and the ground. 1.2.2.2 For some equipment with external wires connected to both the input and output terminals, it refers to the test in which impulse voltage is applied between the input and output terminals. Test waveform
Relevant professional standards should formulate the test waveform of this profession according to the operating environment conditions of the equipment and the results of lightning observation. If there is no such standard in the relevant profession, the test waveform can be selected according to the type of external wire in accordance with 2.1 to 2.4. 2.1 Test waveform of electronic equipment connected to open wire 2.1.1 Full wave of unipolar impulse voltage
When the external wire is an overhead open wire or a double wire, it is recommended to use a 4/300us impulse wave. 2.1.2 Attenuated oscillation shock wave
For communication equipment and electronic equipment with similar working modes, the attenuated oscillation frequency of the shock wave is from several kilohertz to tens of kilohertz. 2.2 Test waveform of electronic equipment connected to cables When the external line is a symmetrical cable or coaxial cable, it is recommended to use a 10/700us shock wave. 2.3 Test waveform of electronic equipment connected to rails or similar conductors When the external line is a rail or similar conductor, it is recommended to use a 10/200μs shock wave. 2.4 Direct lightning strike back test waveform
For the back strike caused by direct lightning, a 1.2/50μs shock wave is used. 3 Shock wave generator circuit
3.1 For lightning strike tests of electronic equipment connected to open wires or electric wires (including overhead cables and underground cables) with an input impedance of more than tens of ohms, it is recommended to use the circuit in Figure 4.
G,—main capacitor, R,—damping resistor; z—wavefront resistor, C2—wavefront resistor, R,—anti-root resistor
3.2 For lightning strike test of electronic equipment connected to steel or similar conductors with input impedance as low as more than ten ohms, it is recommended to use the circuit in Figure 5.
Cf—main capacitor; R—damping resistor; R,—wave tail resistor, G?-wavefront capacitor; L-wave modulation inductor: R2—wavefront resistor
GB3482—83
3.3 Figure 6 is the circuit of attenuated oscillation shock wave generator. It is suitable for lightning strike test of open-wire communication equipment and electronic equipment with similar working mode.
High-pass flashover
4 Test procedure
4.1 Preparation
4.1.1 Arrangement of test samples
The distance between the test sample and various adjacent objects and the height from the ground, etc., should be greater than 1.5 times the possible flashover path of the test. The test circuit wiring and measurement leads should be as short as possible. 4.1. 2 Terminals of test samples
The terminals of the test sample that are not subjected to shock waves should be terminated according to the load impedance of the normal working state. 4.1.8 Shading
If the air gap discharger in the electronic equipment works in the state of not seeing light, the air gap discharger must be shaded during the test. 4.1.4 Pretreatment of test samples
4.1.4.1 Connect the power supply to the test sample, and make the test sample in the rated working voltage and current state, and preheat for half an hour. 4.1.4.2 Test various technical indicators according to the relevant technical requirements of the test sample. 4.2 Test wiring
4.2.1 Horizontal test wiring
For test samples with single-ended input (output) terminals, the wiring method is selected according to Figure 7 for testing. This wiring is also applicable to the test of test samples with both input and output terminals, one of which is terminated. For electronic equipment with remote power supply, the remote power supply should be regarded as a component of the test sample, and the impulse voltage is applied through the discharge tube.
Test sample
(a) Equipment with symmetrical balanced input (output) Figure 7 (a, b)
Test sample
(b) Equipment with asymmetrical input (output)
Receiving tube
Test sample
GB3482-83
(c) Equipment with symmetrical balanced input (output) and remote supply voltage Figure 7 (c, d)
3.2.2 Longitudinal test wiring
Test sample
(d) Equipment with asymmetrical input (output) and selective supply voltage 4.2.2.1 For the test sample with single-ended input (output) terminal, the wiring method is selected according to Figure 8 for testing. This wiring is also applicable to the test of the test sample with both input and output terminals, and one of the terminals is terminated. For electronic equipment with selective supply point source, the basic selective supply power supply should be regarded as the component of the test sample, and the impulse medium voltage is applied through the discharge tube.
Discharge
Test sample
Test sample
(a) Test wiring of equipment without power supply
(b) Test wiring of equipment with power supply
4.2.2.2 For test samples with input and output terminals, in addition to the relevant tests in 4.2.1 and 4.2.2.1, the wiring method should be selected according to Figure 9 and the impulse test should be carried out in the direction of the line. Discharge
Test sample
(a) Equipment connection for symmetrical balanced input and output Z-Line characteristic impedance
Leave ９(a)
4.3 Debugging
GB 34B2--83
Test sample
(b) Equipment connection for asymmetrical input and output Z-Line characteristic impedance
Figure ９(b)
Drum slip
4.3.1 The debugging of the test waveform should be connected to the test sample for verification. The verification must be done by taking pictures instead of calculation. The same test sample under the same test conditions only needs to be verified once. 4.3.2 Requirements for the test system
4,3.2.1 The voltage divider should have good stability, and the voltage divider ratio error should not be greater than 1%. 4.3.2.2*
The high-voltage oscilloscope and peak value meter should be stable and reliable, the measurement error should be less than 2%, and the drop value measurement error should not exceed 3%.
4.3.2.3 The electromagnetic instrument of the measurement system should reach or exceed level 0.5. 4.3.2.4 The measurement error of the impulse time parameter should not exceed 10%. Rate, 3.3 The difference between the measured value of the test waveform and the specified value should be within the following range: Peak value
Apparent wavefront time
Apparent half-peak time
Above 20%
The voltage fluctuation or oscillation close to the peak value is limited to a single wave amplitude not exceeding 5% of the peak value. The oscillation of the initial part of the wavefront (below 50% of the peak value) is limited to a single wave amplitude not exceeding 25% of the peak value. In special cases, if the difference between the measured value and the specified value is difficult to reach the above specified range, the relevant professional standards can be regarded as exceptions. 4.4 Impact test
4.4.1 Professional standards should specify the polarity of the test waveform, the amplitude of the voltage, the number of impacts, and the time interval of addition. The following factors should be considered when specifying:
The accuracy of the test results;
The statistical characteristics of the measured phenomenon and the relationship between the test characteristics and polarity, the cumulative effect of multiple pressurization
The reliability required by the equipment.
4.4.2 During the test, it should generally be carried out step by step from low voltage to high voltage. First do the impact resistance test with protection devices, and then do the test that may cause damage or destruction. --The following order: unipolar impulse voltage full wave test.
Critical impulse discharge voltage full wave test.
Attenuated oscillation shock wave test.
Note: When the critical impulse discharge voltage full wave test is performed, the air gap discharger of the protection level should be removed. 5 Test records
The test records shall include the following contents:
GB 3482—B3
Test waveform parameters such as ambient temperature, relative air humidity, atmospheric pressure during the test, waveform photos and relevant calculation data; shock wave generator circuit diagram and test wiring diagram; test records of electrical performance of test samples before and after the shock test; test instruments,
other necessary records.
Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Environmental Conditions and Environmental Tests for Electrical and Electronic Products. This standard was drafted by the Guangdong Post and Telecommunications Research Institute and the Communication Signal Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways Research Institute.
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