This standard applies to the stationary steam turbines specified in GB 754-65 "Steam Turbine Parameter Series". The steam turbines for power generation that are not in accordance with the series standard can be implemented as a reference. GB 5578-1985 Technical Specifications for Stationary Steam Turbines for Power Generation GB5578-1985 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical conditions for stationary steam turbines driving generators
Specification for stationary steam turbines driving generators
UDC 621.165
621.311 22
GB5578-85
This standard applies to stationary steam turbines driving generators specified in GB754-65 "Steam Turbine Parameter Series". Steam turbines driving generators not in accordance with the series standard may be implemented as a reference.
Steam turbines shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard. 1 Main technical specifications and technical requirements
1.1 The rated power and parameters of the steam turbine shall comply with the provisions of GB754-6. The economic efficiency and maximum power allowed for continuous operation of the steam turbine shall be given. 1.2 The limit values ​​of steam parameter changes of the steam turbine under rated conditions shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1.
Main steam pressure! ||tt| ... Other conditions where long-term continuous operation is not allowed. Limit
Po (88.24×10°)
fo(535)
tn- 10
Po(≤ H8.24 × 10*)
1(535)
, 1.4 When the main steam and reheat steam are supplied from parallel pipelines above the mountain-root, the temperature difference of the steam in any two pipelines shall not exceed 17℃ during normal operation, and the short-term temperature difference should not exceed 40. 1.5 The manufacturer shall provide the guaranteed heat rate and the conditions for achieving the guaranteed heat rate. The heat rate measurement and calculation method of the unit shall comply with the national regulations on thermal tests of steam turbines for power stations. The allowable deviation of the heat rate test value after error correction relative to the guaranteed heat rate value is -1% to +1%. 1.6 When viewed from the turbine to the generator end, the direction of the turbine is clockwise. Steam turbines with reduction gearboxes are not subject to this limitation. National Bureau of Standards 1985 - 11 - 04 Issued 1986-07.01 Implementation
GB 5578-85
1.7 The rated speed of the steam turbine is 3000r/min. Units with a capacity of 3000kW and below 300kW may use other speeds. 1.8 Within the range of 97% to 101% of the rated speed, the steam turbine is allowed to operate continuously for a long time. 1.9 The critical speeds of the shaft system of the steam turbine-generator set should generally be kept away from the operating speed by +15% to 15%. In special cases, it can be less than this value, but the safe operation of the unit must be guaranteed. The distribution of the critical speed of the shaft system should be Ensure safe warm-up speed and overspeed test. The manufacturer shall provide the user with the critical speed value of the shaft system. 1.10 When the turbine is running (without towing the generator), the full amplitude vibration value measured on the turbine bearing seat shall not be less than 0.03mm. 1.11 The overhaul period of the turbine shall be no less than 3 years. 1.12 The design service life of the parts of the turbine (excluding wearing parts) shall be no less than 30 years under the basic load or two-shift peak-shaving operation conditions agreed upon by the manufacturer and the user. 1. The fasteners with a working temperature higher than 450℃ shall consider their relaxation performance and ensure reliable operation within 20,000 hours. The design service life of the reduction gear shall be greater than or equal to 50,000 hours. 1.13 The connection size of the turbine and the generator shall comply with the provisions of JB1329-73 "Connection size of steam turbine and steam turbine generator". The installation dimensions of the steam turbine shall comply with the provisions of B1330-73 "Center Elevation and Installation Dimensions of Steam Turbine Generator Sets". 1.14 Regulation System
1.14.1 The regulation system shall be able to maintain the turbine idling at rated hot steam number, rated vacuum and full steam valve. The speed swing value of the intermediate reheat unit shall not exceed 6 revolutions, and other units shall not exceed 0.5% of the rated speed. 1.14.2 The regulation system shall be able to ensure the stable operation of the steam turbine and other units in parallel. 1.14.3
The regulation system shall be capable of close-range manual operation and remote control. Small steam turbines may not be equipped with remote control devices. The speed inequality of the regulation system shall be within the range of 3%~6%. Large units shall have devices for adjusting the speed inequality. When the user has no special requirements, the speed inequality of back pressure and extraction steam turbines shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2
Back pressure or extraction pressure, Pa (absolute value)2 9.86 × 10 5
9. 80×10 5
7.84×105
-7.84 × 10
The regulation system slowdown rate e should meet the following requirements:1.14.6
12000kW12000kW and below unitse≤0.5%*25000kW to 100000kW unitse≤0.3%100000kW and above unitse0.2%.
Pressure inequality rate%
1.14.7At no load, the stepper should be able to make the turbine speed change within the range of + (8 + 2)% to -6% of the rated speed. 1.14.8 The turbine is running at rated steam parameters and rated speed. When the rated load is dropped, the regulating system should be able to control the turbine speed and will not cause the emergency trip device to operate. 1.14.9 When the heat load changes within the full range, the change in the electrical load of the extraction steam turbine should not exceed 20% of the rated load. 1.15 Security system
1.15.1 The turbine must have a mechanical emergency trip device to prevent overspeed and meet the following requirements: The operating speed is 108% to 112% of the rated speed. a.
The reset speed should generally be greater than the rated speed. The minimum reset speed of a small unit shall not be less than 97% of the rated speed. h
Units of 5000kW and above should generally have two mechanical test emergency trip devices. c
d A device should be set to test or activate the emergency trip device during operation. Units of 6000kW and below may not be set. 1.15.2 Units above 25000kW and 25000kW must also have additional overspeed protection devices, the operating speed of which should be 1% to 2% higher than the operating speed of the emergency trip device, but the maximum operating speed should not be greater than 115% of the rated speed. GB 55885
1.15.3 In addition to the manual emergency trip device emergency shutdown, machines above 6000kW should also have auxiliary emergency shutdown devices as backup.
1.15.4 The time from the overspeed safety device to the complete closing of the main steam valve and reheat steam valve must meet the requirements of Article 1.17. For units of 100,000 kW and above, it should be less than 0.5s, and for units below 100,000 kW, it should be less than 1.0ss. 1.15.5 The steam turbine should have a low lubricating oil layer protection device. 1.15.6 For units of 6000 kW and above, there should be an axial displacement protection device. 1.15.7 For units of 25,000 kW and above, there should be a power limiter and a low vacuum protection device. 1.15.8 For units of 25,000 kW and above, there should be a main steam valve activation device. 1.16 The steam turbine should have the following monitoring items: a.
Speed.
Steam parameters.
Speed ​​regulating oil overflow and lubricating oil temperature. Oil tank level:
Rotor axial displacement.
f. Cylinder expansion.
Main steam and regulating valve opening.
Bearing or shaft perturbation
3000kW and below units can determine the monitoring items according to actual conditions. 25000kW and above high-pressure units also have the following monitoring items: i. Rotor eccentricity.
j. Relative expansion difference between rotor and cylinder
k. Bearing metal temperature and thrust bearing thrust pad metal temperature. , The metal temperature of the high-temperature zone of the steam inlet pipe, valve, steam certificate and other components. The monitoring instrument must be accurate and reliable, and easy to use and maintain. 1.17 When the regulation system fails and the turbine overspeeds, causing the emergency trip device to operate, the speed surge value shall generally not exceed 115% of the rated speed, and the maximum shall not exceed 118% of the rated speed. When the turbine overspeeds, the rotor shall be safe and reliable. 1.1825000kW and above 2500k units should be equipped with low pressure cylinder water supply cover, 1.19 Steam seal, steam extraction and drainage system of steam turbine body 1.19.1 When the secondary turbine is in normal operation, the front and rear shaft seals should be able to prevent the core steam from leaking into the bearing structure. 25000kW and above units should have steam seal pressure regulator and steam seal extraction device. 1, 19, 27 The steam source of the seal system should be able to meet the needs of unit start-up and shutdown. 1.19.3 The absolute pressure is greater than 0.98×10°P. The extraction duct must have a fast closing reverse valve, which should be interlocked with the main steam valve closing signal and the generator tripping signal. 1.19, The steam extraction and drainage system of the steam turbine should have measures to prevent water or cold steam from entering the steam turbine. T.20 Oil system
1.20.1 The system should have reliable main oil supply devices and auxiliary oil supply devices, which must be able to meet the requirements of turbine speed regulation and lubrication pool under starting, stopping, normal operation and accident conditions. 1.20.2 The return oil temperature of the turbine bearing seat shall not exceed 65℃. For units above 2500kW and 25000kW, the manufacturer shall provide monitoring standards for bearing oil discharge temperature or bearing babbitt alloy temperature. 1.20.3 For units above 50000kW and 50000kW, there shall be devices to remove air from the shaft seat and the drain box. 1.20,4 The manufacturer shall clean the residual sand, welding slag and debris of the oil system equipment 1 before sealing it out! , and put forward the cleaning requirements of the oil system before trial operation.
1.21 The steam turbine shall have necessary fire prevention equipment and fire prevention measures. 1.21.1 The oil pipeline shall be as far away from high-temperature pipelines and high-temperature components as possible. When the distance is relatively close, the high-temperature pipes and components with a surface temperature higher than 120℃ must be insulated or measures to prevent heat radiation must be taken: GB 557885
1.21.2 Pipes and accessories of the turbine lubricating oil system and speed regulating oil system should have sufficient strength, should be designed at least at twice the working pressure, and should be connected by welding as much as possible. 1.21.3 The oil system and bearing seat should not have oil leakage and oil seepage. 1.21.4 The oil system should be equipped with a fire-proof throttle or fire-proof sliding valve, and the oil tank should have an emergency oil drain valve. 1.22 The insulation of the turbine body and auxiliary equipment should ensure: a. During normal operation. If the ambient air temperature is 25℃, the surface temperature of the insulation layer should not exceed 50℃. b. When starting, stopping and running according to the regulations, the temperature difference between the upper cylinder and the lower unloading metal of the valve should meet the requirements. Manufacturing! Design and technical requirements for insulation should be proposed, and relevant conditions for installing the insulation layer should be provided. 1.23 The noise measured 1m outside the steam turbine casing should be lower than 90dB (A sound level). 1.24 Under various working conditions, the thrust generated by the steam pipe connected to the main part of the steam turbine should not affect the safe operation of the steam turbine. Under this condition, the steam turbine should be able to withstand the thrust generated by the steam pipe. 1.25 The steam turbine must be clean inside when leaving the factory. The main and auxiliary machine parts and pipes should be cleaned and comply with the provisions of JB4058-85 "Steam Turbine Cleanliness".
1.26 The technical requirements of steam turbine auxiliary equipment (condenser, heater, steam extractor, oil cooler, etc.) should comply with the relevant technical conditions of steam turbine auxiliary equipment.
1.27 For steam turbines operating in special ways, the technical requirements that are not within the scope of this technical condition shall be agreed upon by the user and the manufacturer. 2. Manufacturing, testing and acceptance regulations
2.1 The main parts of the steam turbine shall be tested for physical and chemical properties according to the design requirements in accordance with B3288-83 "Physical and Chemical Testing of Main Parts of Steam Turbines".
2.2 The manufacture of the rotor shall comply with B867-76 "Technical Conditions for Processing and Assembly of Main Parts (Rotor Parts) of Steam Turbines" and the following tests shall be carried out:
. Hot running test
1 The rotor with an operating temperature of more than 400°C shall be subjected to a hot running test in accordance with the provisions of B3288. b. Low-speed dynamic balance
The turbine rotor shall be subjected to low-speed dynamic balancing. The balance quality shall comply with the requirements of IB3330-83 "Dynamic balancing standard for rigid rotors of steam turbines". Www.bzxZ.net
C. For turbine rotors that cannot meet the balance requirements by low-speed dynamic balancing, high-speed dynamic balancing shall be carried out, and the balance quality shall comply with the requirements of JB/Z197-83 "Dynamic balancing of flexible rotors of steam turbines". d. When the manufacturer has the conditions, an overspeed test shall be conducted. The test speed shall be the highest speed after overspeed in Article 1.17 plus 2% of the rated speed. The duration shall not exceed 2 minutes. It can only be conducted once a month. In any case, the speed of the overspeed test shall not exceed 120% of the rated speed.
e: The following rotors shall be tested for frequency to verify whether the frequency is sufficient or not. (a) The rotors with a frequency of 300Hz or less (except for rotors without frequency modulation). (b) When the frequencies of various types are close to the excitation frequency, the rotors may fall into the resonance zone after considering their frequency dispersion.
2.3 The stator shall be manufactured in accordance with the provisions of "B3287-83 "Technical Conditions for Assembly of Important Parts (Stator Part) of Steam Turbine". 2.4 Each machine fiber must be assembled in the manufacturing: and comply with the provisions of "B3281-83 "Technical Conditions for Assembly of Steam Turbine". 2.5 The regulating and safety parts should be tested before manufacturing; the performance must meet the design requirements. Other parts should be tested according to the manufacturer's regulations, and their performance must meet the design requirements. 2.6 The steam turbine should generally be tested under narrow load at the manufacturer. When the manufacturer does not have the conditions for the test run, the test assessment should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Article 2.8.
2.7 Requirements and test assessment items for empty load test run of steam turbines during manufacturing: a. All parts of the machine that should participate in the test run must be assembled and qualified before the test run can be carried out. GB5578-85
b. Test of the turning device for engagement and dynamic release. During the start-up, speed increase and rated speed operation, the vibration of the unit should be assessed according to the requirements of Article 1.10. When the vibration is excessive, the dynamic balance should be checked. The shaft system dynamic balance should be carried out for multi-axis units. d.
Continuously and stably run at rated speed for 2 hours, and all parts should work normally. Static test of regulating system.
Overspeed protection test.
Survey and plot the shutdown curve.
Shutdown and open the cylinder for inspection, and if necessary, re-turn the shuttle to balance the dynamic balance. 2.8
When the steam turbine does not have the no-load test conditions during manufacturing, the following work should be done: a.
Interlocking test of regulating system parts.
After the general assembly is qualified (the main body has the no-load test conditions), continuous cranking should be carried out for not less than 1 hour. Shutdown and open the cylinder for inspection.
The test and assessment items listed in items b to g of Article 2.7 should be carried out at the station. 2.9Except for the items specified in Articles 2.7 and 2.8, the following tests that are not available in the manufacturer should be avoided in the power station.
Interlocking test of the extraction check valve and the main steam valve. Regulation system characteristic test.
Safety device test.
Main steam valve and regulating valve tightness test.
When the rated vacuum is reached, after the steam valve or regulating valve is closed, the turbine speed should drop rapidly to below the speed n, which can be calculated according to the following formula: P
Formula: P——main steam pressure during test, Pa; Po-rated main steam pressure, Pa.
e. Vacuum tightness test.
The vacuum drop rate should not exceed the following figures per minute: 3mm mercury column for units below 100000kw.
x1000(r/min)
2mm mercury column for units above 100000kw. f. Shaft-mounted units should be subjected to shaft quality test to measure the shaft lifting height. 2.10 National Identification Test
2.10.1 The newly designed and trial-produced steam turbine shall undergo national identification test. The national identification test shall be conducted in accordance with the national regulations on thermal test of steam turbines for power stations. 2.10.2 The identification test items shall include:
Thermal characteristics test:
Steam turbine stage efficiency test.
Slightly increased output test.
Heat consumption and steam consumption test of the machine at rated load, economic load and several partial loads. When conditions permit, no-load steam consumption test shall also be conducted. Start-up and shutdown characteristics test.
Regulation system test:
(a) Static characteristics test.
(b) Dynamic characteristics test.
() Load test.
d Steam turbine auxiliary machine test:
(a) Condenser characteristics test.
（h）
Vacuum tightness test.
GB 5578---83
Heater, oil cooler, steam extractor and other auxiliary machine performance test. 2.10.3 The identification test shall be carried out within twelve months after the unit 1 is put into normal operation. 2.11 If the steam turbine needs to undergo thermal characteristic acceptance test, the user shall contact the manufacturer. 2.12 According to Articles 2.1 to 2.8. The steam turbine shall be shipped after the inspection department of the manufacturer has passed the inspection and the main inspection results shall be filled in the factory certificate and provided to the user (including purchased parts and cooperative parts). 2.13 The scope of supply of steam turbine shall at least include the following items when there is no special provision: a. Main engine parts (including main engine valves, regulating system, safety system and other parts). b. Auxiliary parts of steam turbine (such as condenser, heater, oil cooler, etc.). Special tools. Spare parts. Special equipment, non-standard equipment and specific pipelines of each pipeline system of the steam turbine body. Other items can be agreed between the manufacturer and the user. The manufacturer shall provide the user with a detailed list of supply items. The technical documents provided by the manufacturer to the user shall include the following: 2.14 Product technical specifications. Technical performance description and main technical conditions of the product. Technical and economic indicators and guarantee conditions of the product.
Product instructions (including installation, start-up, shutdown, operation and maintenance instructions) Thermal system and thermal technical characteristics.
Summary of main illumination data.
Items and requirements for delivery acceptance.
Supply list (including spare parts list). List of drawings and technical documents provided with the equipment (including spare parts drawings). Product factory certificate:
(a)
General assembly record (including dynamic balancing, frequency measurement and other test records) (b)
Part test record.
No-load test record.
Material physical and chemical properties inspection record of large castings and forgings and other important parts. k.
Shipping packing list.
2.15 The manufacturer shall send a representative to participate in the installation and commissioning of the steam turbine of Sichuan Power Station and be responsible for solving technical problems related to design and manufacturing. The user shall send a representative to participate in the steam turbine assembly, commissioning and important parts testing of the manufacturer to check whether the product quality and various indicators meet the requirements of the technical specifications.
2.16 Manufacturer's warranty period
2.16.1 Under the condition of good transportation and storage, the manufacturer shall be responsible for the anti-rust maintenance of steam turbine parts for no less than one or two months from the date of shipment.
2.16.2 The steam turbine shall generally be installed within twelve months after the manufacturer completes the shipment. The manufacturer shall ensure that the steam turbine operates normally within eighteen months after the trial run. If the steam turbine cannot operate normally or the parts are damaged due to design and manufacturing quality problems during this period, the manufacturer shall be responsible for free repair or replacement of parts. 2.16.3 The total warranty period of the manufacturer is generally thirty-six months after the last batch of goods is shipped. The total warranty period for large units or the first batch of new units can be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the user. 3 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
3.1 Each steam turbine and its auxiliary equipment shall have a fixed nameplate. The nameplate shall not be easily damaged, and the mark shall be clear, neat and beautiful. GB5578-85
3.2 Important valves, regulating and safety parts of the steam turbine shall have obvious and easily identifiable indication marks indicating their travel, angle, operation method, etc. Parts that may be dangerous during maintenance or operation must have eye-catching special marks. 3.3 Important parts shall be marked with assembly numbers, materials used and inspection qualified marks at certain positions according to medical regulations. 3.4 The rust prevention, painting and packaging of steam turbines and auxiliary equipment shall comply with the provisions of relevant technical conditions. 3.5 The storage of steam turbines and auxiliary equipment shall comply with the relevant regulations formulated by the user department. Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry and the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of the People's Republic of China, and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry and the Standardization Committee of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power.
This standard was drafted by the Shanghai Power Generation Equipment Complete Design Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry and the Xi'an Thermal Engineering Research Institute of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power. The main drafters of this standard are Ren Qihua, Zhu Chuanhui, Zong Fuxin, Wang Hanwei and Qin Wenbin.
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