This standard specifies the test method for determining the mechanical impact brittleness value of products using an impact testing machine. This standard is applicable to determining the mechanical impact brittleness value of products. This brittleness value can be used for the design of cushioning packaging for products and the improved design of products. It is also applicable to determining the brittleness value of the packaging sheet or sales package in the outer packaging container as a product. GB/T 15099-1994 Test method for determining the brittleness value of products using an impact testing machine GB/T15099-1994 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the test method for determining the mechanical impact brittleness value of products using an impact testing machine. This standard is applicable to determining the mechanical impact brittleness value of products. This brittleness value can be used for the design of cushioning packaging for products and the improved design of products. It is also applicable to determining the brittleness value of the packaging sheet or sales package in the outer packaging container as a product.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Test methods for mechanical shock Fragility of prvducts,using shock machines1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the test method for mechanical shock brittleness of products using shock machines. GE/T 15099
This standard is applicable to determining the mechanical shock brittleness of products, which can be used for the design of cushioning packaging and the design of product modification, and is also applicable to the determination of the brittleness of the packaging unit or sales packaging in the outer packaging container as a product. 2 Reference standards
CT/T4857.2 Temperature adjustment treatment of packaging for transport 3 Terminology
3.1 Brittleness
The human acceleration value that the product can withstand without physical damage or functional failure. It is usually expressed as the ratio of critical acceleration to gravity acceleration.
3.2 Critical acceleration (A.)
The maximum acceleration when the product is about to be damaged when it is impacted. For different impact directions, the same product usually has different critical accelerations.
3.3 Critical velocity (V.)
The velocity change when the product is about to be damaged when it is impacted. For different impact directions, the same product usually has different critical velocities.
3.4 ​​Damage
The damage, failure or malfunction of the product caused by the impact and cannot meet the appearance and performance requirements of the product. 3.5 Drop height of the impact tester
The distance between the impact tester and the falling plate before the impact pulse program is 4 Test principle
Fix the test sample on the test table with a fixture according to the predetermined state, and conduct a gradually increasing impact test on the test sample with a predetermined impact pulse waveform until the product is damaged. 5 Test Equipment
5.1 Impact Tester
5-1.1 The impact tester shall have a test bench with sufficient strength and rigidity. During the test, the test bench surface shall remain level. The test bench shall have a guide device, no deflection when falling, and no displacement in other directions. 5.1.2 The test bench frame shall have sufficient drop tolerance to generate the impact pulses required by 6.4.1 and 6.4.2, and ensure that the drop tolerance error is controlled within ±6mm.
5.1.3 The test bench shall have the ability to generate the pulses required by 5.1.1 and 6.4.2. 5.1.4 The test bench shall have a braking device to prevent the test from secondary impact. 5.2 Test system
5.2.1 Acceleration test system
The acceleration test system consists of an acceleration sensor, a multiple amplifier and a display and recording device. It is required to be able to display and record the normalized velocity-time process and meet the following requirements.
a. When conducting the test according to 6.4.1, the low cut-off frequency of the test system shall not be greater than 5Hz and the high cut-off frequency shall not be less than 1000Hz; h. When conducting the test according to 6.4.2, the low cut-off frequency of the test system shall not be greater than 311Hz and the high cut-off frequency shall not be less than 330)Hz; c. The error of the test system shall be within ±5% of the actual value; d. The lateral sensitivity of the test system shall be less than 5%. 5.2.2 Speed ​​test system
There shall be a device for testing speed changes. Previously, electronic instruments were used to perform a retrograde integration of the area under the impact pulse waveform, and photoelectric devices could also be used to measure the impact velocity and rebound velocity of the impact table. 6 Test Procedure
6.1 Preparation of Test Samples
Test samples should be prepared according to the test purpose and relevant standards or regulations. 6.2 Pretreatment of Test Samples
Pretreatment of test samples should be carried out according to the provisions of B/T4857.2. 6.3 Temperature and Humidity Conditions during Test
The test should be carried out under the same temperature and humidity conditions as those for pretreatment. If the same conditions cannot be achieved, it should be carried out under humidity conditions as close to those for pretreatment as possible.
6.A Test Procedure
Use a fixture to fix the test sample on the test bench in a predetermined state, ensuring that the fixture and the test sample do not leave the test bench during the test. The fixture should be firm, and the shape and position of the contact part between the fixture and the test sample should be consistent with the support received by the product represented by the test product during actual transportation. And avoid distortion of the shock pulse acting on the test sample. The acceleration sensor should be firmly installed on the base part or fixture of the sample, or on the test bench close to the fixture. 6.4.1 Critical speed impact test drive
6.4.1.1 Adjust the test equipment so that the impact pulse produces a speed change lower than the expected critical speed of the product. The method for determining the impact speed change is shown in Appendix A (Supplementary). The pulse waveform can be a half-sine wave or other waveforms. The pulse duration is not large. The maximum speed should exceed the expected critical acceleration. If the test sample is a small product with relatively high rigidity, the pulse duration should be appropriately reduced
6.4.1.2 Perform an impact test. Check or test the function of the sample to determine whether the sample is damaged. If damaged, whether it is caused by the impact.
6.4.1.3 If no damage occurs, adjust the impact test machine to produce a larger speed change and repeat the impact test. The increase in speed change should be determined by the characteristics of the product. For general products, the speed can be increased by 0.15n/s each time. However, for more expensive products, the speed change should be appropriately reduced. 6.4.1.4 Repeat the test steps of 6.4.1.2 and 6.4.1.3, and gradually increase the speed change until the product is damaged. The average of the last test value of the sample damaged and the test value where the damage occurred is taken as the critical speed value. However, it can also be based on different test purposes: the sample is technically damaged.
6.4.2 Critical acceleration impact test
GB/T 15099--94
6-4.2.1 Adjust the test equipment to produce a trapezoidal wave impact pulse. The rising and falling intervals of the curve should be less than 1.8m8, so that the impact speed change is greater than 1.57V, preferably 2V. Above. The impact acceleration value should be lower than the expected product simulated damage acceleration value. 6.4.2.2 Perform an impact test. Check or test the function of the sample to determine whether the sample is damaged. If damaged, is it caused by impact?
6.4.2.3 If there is no damage, adjust the impact tester to obtain a larger acceleration value to verify whether the impact velocity change meets the requirements of 6.4.2.1. The magnitude of the acceleration increase should be determined according to the characteristics of the product itself. 6.4.2.4 Repeat the test steps of 6.4.2.1 to 6.4.2.3, gradually increase the impact acceleration value until the sample is damaged, and take the average of the last test value of the sample without damage and the test value of the damaged sample as the critical acceleration value of the test sample. The last test value of the sample without damage can also be used as the critical acceleration value according to different test purposes. 6.4.3 If it is necessary to consider the influence of repeated shock on the test results, the test procedures and methods can be found in Appendix B (reference part). 7 Test report The test report should include the following: Data of test products: Detailed description of the test sample, including type, manufacturer's name, appearance and state before the test; h. The method and state of the sample fixed in the test machine; d. Temperature, relative humidity and time during pretreatment: Temperature and relative humidity of the test site;
Equipment used in the test, including description of the equipment;
Record of shock pulses that cause sample damage! The drop height of the impact test machine when the sample is damaged: During the test, the speed change and the amplitude of the speed increase: Detailed description of the sample damage and degree;
Record the test results, including the waveform of the impact pulse, the maximum acceleration value, the pulse duration and the impact velocity, and submit an analysis report,
Indicate that the test method used is in accordance with this standard: test date, test personnel's signature, and test unit seal. A1 Determination method of impact velocity change
GB/T15099--94
Appendix A
Determination method of impact velocity change and damage boundary (supplement)
The impact velocity change of half-sine wave and trapezoidal wave impact pulses can be determined by the integral expansion method. It can be seen from the pulse waveform that the acceleration leaves the time X-axis and returns to the X-axis after a period of time. Integrate the area under this curve, and its integral value is the impact velocity change value (see Figure A1.Figure A2). The sensitivity of a product to shock depends on a parameter of the shock pulse: the waveform of the shock pulse, the change in the shock velocity and the maximum acceleration of the shock pulse. For a given product, these three parameters can be within the damage boundary (see Figure 3). A2.2 If the peak acceleration and the maximum speed change of the shock pulse fall within or within the shadow area, the product is damaged. For most products, the damage boundary is different in each different impact direction. A2.3 Figure A3 is an example of the damage boundary obtained by testing according to 6.4.1 and 6.1.2. A2.3.1 Perform a half-sine wave impact test on the test sample according to 6.4.1. Impacts 1-7 are performed while increasing the drop height and acceleration. The product is damaged during the seventh impact. Draw a horizontal critical velocity line between the sixth and seventh impact values. A2.3.2 Then test the other test products using a trapezoidal impact pulse according to 6.4.2. The impact intensity is greater than twice the critical velocity. Gradually increase the impact acceleration value. The test sample is damaged during the fourteenth impact. Draw a horizontal critical acceleration line between the twelfth and fourteenth impact values. Test!
First damagewwW.bzxz.Net
Fear zone
: Second damage
Shape wave A
Figure A3 Damage boundary curve
Appendix
Effect of repeated impact on test results
(Test piece)
Half-stop wave A
No ring change zone
B16.4.1 and 6.4.2 require that the test sample be subjected to a series of tests with gradually increasing impact strength. Most products are not affected by such repeated tests. However, due to the cumulative effect, some products will fail prematurely. B2 For this type of product, if the number of impacts expected to be received during actual circulation is less than the number of impacts in the test, the test data should be corrected. The following are two test methods that consider the effect of repeated impacts on test results. B2.1 If the number of test samples is not large (3 to 5), the following test method can be used. After the first test sample is tested, the other samples are tested one by one near the failure point of the first test sample. Except for the first test sample, the arithmetic mean of the test data of the other samples is used as the final test result. B2.2 If the number of test samples is large (more than 10), the following test method can be used: The first test sample is tested at the expected failure point. If the impact value is exceeded at this point, the sample is subjected to gradually decreasing impacts. The test results are determined by the average test result, and the final test result is collected. The impact input of the test is the final test result. Additional notes: This standard was proposed by the Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China: This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Machinery Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The Machinery Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry and the China Export Commodity Packaging Research Institute are responsible for drafting the standard. The main drafters of the standard are Huang Xue, Li Jianhua, Mei Yongli, Dai Fengjiao, and Yi Moguang
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