GB 16568-1996 Specification for hygiene and quarantine of dairy farms
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Health and quarantine requirement for dairy cattle farms
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB16568-1996
This standard specifies the requirements for the environmental design and facilities, fodder and drinking water, feeding management, milking personnel, production technology, fresh milk storage and transportation, hygiene, epidemic prevention and quarantine of dairy farms. This standard is applicable to state-owned, collective, Sino-foreign joint ventures, Sino-foreign cooperative operations, and wholly foreign-owned dairy farms. Individual households should also refer to it for implementation. 2 Reference standards
GB5749 Sanitary standard for drinking water
Standard for purchasing fresh milkwww.bzxz.net
GB 6914
GB7959 Sanitary standard for harmless treatment of feces
GB8978 Comprehensive sewage discharge standard
GB12693
Sanitary specification for dairy factories
Sanitary standard for feed
GB 13078
GB16567
Technical specification for quarantine of breeding livestock and poultry
3 Environmental design of dairy farms and sanitation of facilities 3.1 Site requirements
Dairy farms should be built in areas with convenient transportation, good water quality, abundant water volume, high and dry terrain, quiet environment, free from harmful bodies, smoke, dust and sand and other pollution, and away from schools, public places and residential areas. 3.2 Layout and Facility Requirements of the Farm Area
3.2.1 The feeding area and living area in the farm area shall be arranged in the upwind and high dry places of the farm area, and the veterinary room, delivery room, isolation ward, manure storage yard and sewage treatment pool shall be arranged in the downwind and lower places of the farm area. 3.2.2 The roads in the farm area shall be hard, flat and free of water accumulation. The areas outside the cowshed, playground and roads shall be greened. 3.2.3 The cowshed in the farm area shall face south, be sturdy and durable, wide and bright, with smooth drainage and good ventilation, and be able to effectively discharge damp and dirty air. In summer, electric fans or exhaust fans shall be added for ventilation and cooling. A 3.8m×3m×0.1m disinfection pool shall be set up on the ground of the entrance passage of the feeding area. In addition to the ground disinfection pool, an ultraviolet disinfection lamp shall be added to the pedestrian passage.
3.2.4 There shall be cow dung and urine treatment facilities in the farm area, which shall comply with the provisions of GB7959 after treatment, and the sewage discharged from the farm area shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB8978.
3.2.5 The site must be equipped with a dressing room, toilet, shower room, and rest room. The dressing room should be equipped with wardrobes according to the number of people, and the toilet should have a flushing device, non-manual hand-washing facilities and detergent for hand washing. 3.2.6 The site must have a microbiological and product quality inspection room that is compatible with the production capacity, and equipped with the necessary instruments and equipment and professionally trained and qualified inspection personnel. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on October 3, 1996 and implemented on February 1, 1997
GB 16568—1996
3.2.7 Special hazardous goods warehouses and cabinets shall be set up in the farm to store toxic and harmful items, and shall be marked with conspicuous "hazardous" signs. When using hazardous goods, they must be approved by the special management department and used under the strict supervision of designated personnel. 3.3 Water supply and drainage system in the farm area
3.3.1 There should be enough production water in the farm area, and the water pressure and water temperature should meet the production needs. The water quality should comply with the provisions of GB5749. If water storage facilities are required, anti-pollution measures should be taken, and they should be cleaned and disinfected regularly. 3.3.2 The farm area should have a drainage system that can withstand a large enough load and must not pollute the water supply system. 4 Forage||tt| |4.1 Forage
All kinds of forage should be clean, free of impurities, and not moldy or spoiled. 4.2 Feed
The purchase and storage of various feeds should comply with the provisions of GB13078. 4.3 Drinking Water
The hygiene of drinking water should comply with the provisions of GB5749. The drinking pool should be cleaned and the water changed regularly. 5 Feeding Management
5.1 Before feeding, the forage should be short, the soil should be discarded, and foreign matter should be removed to prevent pollution; root and tuber feeds need to be cleaned and chopped, and prevent freezing in winter. 5.2 The cattle shed troughs, floors, and walls should be cleaned every day to remove litter, dirt, and feces. After the cleaning work is completed, the feces and dirt should be transported to the manure storage yard in time. A special person is assigned to the sports field to collect cow dung every day. Clean up every day and concentrate in the manure storage yard. 5.3 Pest control should be carried out regularly or when necessary in the farm area to remove weeds and prevent the growth of pests, but the liquid medicine must not directly touch the cow body and milk container.
5.4 No other livestock or poultry shall be raised in the farm, and they shall be prevented from entering the farm area. 6 Health and sanitation requirements for staff
6.1 The breeding and milking staff in the farm shall undergo a health examination every year and may only work after obtaining a health certificate. The relevant departments of the farm shall establish employee health files.
6.2 Those who suffer from any of the following diseases shall not engage in forage, feed procurement, processing, breeding and milking: a. Digestive tract diseases such as dysentery, typhoid fever, campylobacteriosis, viral hepatitis, etc. a. Infectious diseases (including pathogen carriers); b. Active pulmonary tuberculosis, brucellosis; c. Chemolytic or exudative skin diseases;
d. Other diseases that are detrimental to food hygiene and zoonotic. 6.3 Milking staff with knife wounds and other open injuries on their hands cannot milk before they heal. 6.4 Breeders and milking staff must wear work clothes, work hats and work shoes (boots) when working. Milking staff are not allowed to wear accessories or apply cosmetics while working, and should trim their nails regularly.
6.5 The work hats, work clothes, and work shoes (boots) of breeders and milking staff should be cleaned and disinfected regularly; public places such as changing rooms, shower rooms, lounges, and toilets should be cleaned, washed, and disinfected regularly. 7 Production process
7.1 Manual milking
7.1.1 After the cow enters the cowshed, it must be rinsed and brushed before feeding and milking. 7.1.2 Before milking, the feces on the cow bed should be removed, the cow tail should be fixed, and the udder should be washed, massaged and dried with warm water at 40~45℃. One towel for each cow, one bucket of water for each cow, and it is strictly forbidden to apply lubricating grease to the nipples. 7.1.3 The first and second handfuls of milk should be discarded at the beginning of milking. 102
GB16568-1996
7.7.4 During milking, if the cow urinates or defecates, it should be avoided in time. 7.1.5 After milking, the nipples of the cows should be disinfected with medicated baths one by one. 7.1.6 Milking should be done on healthy cows first, and then on sick cows. The milk of sick cows, especially those with mastitis, should be stored separately and handled separately. 7.1.7 Milk containers must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected before and after use. 7.2 Machine milking
7.2.1 The machine milking machine should maintain good performance during use, and the milk delivery pipe and milk storage tank should be cleaned and disinfected in time after use. 7.2.2 Before milking, each cow and each udder area should be checked for mastitis one by one, and positive cows should be milked manually. 7.2.3 Before milking, wash the udder and nipple with warm water and wipe dry with disposable paper towels. 7.2.4 After milking, spray the nipple with disinfectant for disinfection. 8 Fresh milk storage, storage and transportation hygiene
8.1 Fresh milk should be stored in a single room, isolated from the cowshed, and equipped with dust, fly and rat prevention facilities. 8.2 Fresh milk must be filtered by a filter or multi-layer gauze before it can be put into the container for storage, and should be cooled to below 4°C within 2 hours. 8.3 Fresh milk must be transported in a closed, clean and disinfected milk tank truck or barrel. It should comply with the relevant provisions of GB12693. 8.4 Fresh milk should be protected from contamination from the time of squeezing to before processing, and its quality should comply with the provisions of GB6914. 9 Epidemic prevention
9.1 Vehicles and personnel entering and leaving the farm should be strictly disinfected. 9.2 Necessary disinfection systems should be established in the farm. Disinfect cattle troughs once every ten days, cattle sheds once a month, and the entire farm once a quarter. 9.3 Newborn calves should drink enough colostrum from their mothers every day within seven days, and the first milk drinking time should be within 1 hour after birth. 9.4 In March and April every year, the whole herd should be vaccinated with non-toxic anthrax spores, and the density should not be less than 95%. 10 Quarantine
10.1 Laboratory tests for brucellosis and tuberculosis should be conducted on the whole herd in spring or autumn every year, and the quarantine density should not be less than 90%. Positive cattle detected in healthy herds should be killed, buried deep or cremated; positive cattle and suspected positive cattle in unhealthy herds can be isolated and grouped for breeding, and gradually eliminated and purified.
10.2 Conduct clinical examinations for the following diseases and, if necessary, perform laboratory tests: foot-and-mouth disease, blue tongue, bovine leukemia, paratuberculosis, bovine pleuropneumonia. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and mucosal diseases.
The detection method is the same as that of GB16567 for quarantine of breeding cattle. If positive, handle in accordance with relevant veterinary regulations. 10.3 In the autumn of rainy years, inspections for Fasciola hepatica should be conducted. Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture. This standard was drafted by the Animal Quarantine Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Xuzhou Dairy Company. The main drafters of this standard were Chen Bingzhou, Zheng Zhigang, Yang Chengyu, and Yang Huifen. 103
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