Code of practice of risk analysis for alien insect Brontispa longissima(Gestro)
Some standard content:
ICS65.020
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T1705—2009
Technical Code of Practice of Risk Analysis for Alien Insects
Coconut Heart Leaf Beetle
Code of Practice of Risk Analysis for Alien Insects Brontispa longissima (Gestro)2009-03-09 Issued
2009-05-01 Implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
Normative reference documents
Terms and definitions
Initiate risk analysis
Risk assessment
Risk management recommendations
Risk analysis report
Appendix A (Normative Appendix)
Appendix B (Informative Appendix)
Appendix (Informative Appendix)
Risk assessment indicator system for introduced insects Coconut heart beetle risk assessment indicator parameters Landscape reference: NY/T 1705- 2009
ISPMs No. 5 Glosary of phytosanitaryterns (International Plant Quarantine Standard No. 5 Plant Quarantine Terms Glossary)
Plant Quarantine Terms Multilingual Index
VY/T1705—2009
Appendix A of this standard is normative, and Appendix B and Appendix C are informative. This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. The originating unit of this standard: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The main drafters of this standard: Zhang Guoliang, Fu Weidong, Liu Kun, Shen Zuo Rui, Gao Lingxia. 1 Scope
Technical Specification for Risk Analysis of Alien Insects Coconut Leaf Beetle This standard specifies the technical method for risk analysis of shed leaf beetles. This standard applies to risk analysis of coconut leaf beetles. 2 Normative References
NY/T1705—2009
The clauses in the following documents become clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For the referenced documents with a sufficient period, all subsequent amendments (excluding erroneous contents) or revisions are not applicable. For this standard, however, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any document that is not dated, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB/T 20879-2007 Technical requirements for pest risk analysis of mountain plants and plant products ISPMs No. 5 (International Standard for Plant Quarantine No. 5, 20os Chinese version) Glossary of phytosanitary terms
3 Terms and definitions
GB/T 20879-2007 and ISPMs No. 5 and the following terms and definitions apply to this standard. (Biological) Geographical distribution geographic distribution (of living organisms) The distribution of organisms within a certain range on the earth (continents, lakes, and countries and regions), generally involving the location and range of distribution without involving the environment, especially small areas. 3.2
viviparity
Insects fertilize and hatch into larvae in the mother's body, and then separate from the mother to continue to grow and develop. There are four types: ovoviviparity, glandular viviparity, hemocoelosis and pseudoplacental viviparity. 3.3
parthenogenesis
A reproductive method in which females can reproduce new individuals without mating or eggs without fertilization. 3. 4
pardogenesis
A reproductive method in which reproductive cells in insects develop prematurely to form offspring. 4 Initiate risk analysis
4.1 Start
The following reasons require a risk analysis of the coconut leaf beetle or an update of the previous risk analysis: 1. Introducing coconut leaf beetles from non-occurrence areas for research purposes; 2. Continuous capture of coconut leaf beetles from non-occurrence areas; 3. Sudden outbreaks of coconut leaf beetles in light distribution areas require the development of appropriate management measures; 4. 5. Introducing coconut leaf beetle host plants from non-occurrence areas as commodities or introducing coconut leaf beetle host plants as commodities in transit, require the development of appropriate quarantine measures; 5. NY/T 1705—2009
Corn leaf beetles are more susceptible to damage in areas outside the risk analysis area than in their place of origin. 6. 7. Collect information
Collect existing relevant risk analysis reports at home and abroad, and verify their validity. If the risk analysis area has been conducted on the coconut leaf beetle risk analysis and it is still valid, the risk analysis in other areas will be suspended, and the relevant information such as the biological characteristics, distribution and quarantine of the coconut leaf beetle will be collected as a reference. 5 Risk assessment
5.1 Assessment of suitability
5.1.1 Possibility of survival
5.1.1.1 Environmental conditions
Based on the biological and ecological characteristics of the coconut leaf beetle, combined with the climate, water and other natural conditions in the risk analysis area, determine whether the coconut leaf beetle can survive in the risk analysis area. If it can survive, continue the risk assessment from 5.2: If it cannot survive, conduct the assessment specified in 5.1.1.2:
5.1.1.2 Host distribution
Determine whether there are hosts for the coconut leaf beetle in the risk analysis area. If the pathogen is distributed, continue the risk assessment from 5.2; if the pathogen is not distributed, carry out the assessment specified in 5.1.2 and 5.1.2 Host transfer
to investigate whether there is an event of pathogen transfer after transmission from the plant to a certain area, and evaluate the possibility of the above events in the future based on the biological characteristics and ecological characteristics. If there is no possibility of the above events, stop the risk analysis: divide according to the lowest risk level specified in 5.3; if there is the possibility of the above events and/or the above events, continue the risk assessment. 5.2 Evaluate the size of the risk
5.2.1 Representation of the size of the risk
The size of the risk is represented by the size of the risk index: the risk index is represented by the letter R. The maximum value of R is 100. 5.2.2 Composition of risk index
R is composed of four parts: invasiveness index (R.), adaptability index (R:), diffusion index (R.) and harmfulness index (R.), and is calculated by the following formula: RR.1R1RR
5.2.3 Determination of risk index
Invasiveness, adaptability, diffusion and harmfulness are the layers, and each layer is set with a first-level indicator, and a second-level indicator is set under the first-level indicator. The parameters and their assignments of indicators are shown in Appendix 1. Based on the parameters and their assignments of each indicator, the corresponding score of coconut heart leaf beetle under this indicator is given (refer to Appendix B when determining the score), and all the scores of the criterion layer are added to obtain the indexes of each criterion layer R:, R, R3, R. Calculate the risk index R according to the formula given in 5.2.2. The following principles must be followed when determining the score: In the indicator R, the prediction of domestic distribution area should be based on appropriate and mature systems, such as (limcx, Cimate, MARYBLYT, etc. In the indicator R, the susceptibility of species to drug resistance and the difficulty of drug resistance control should be considered. If the information required to determine an indicator parameter cannot be obtained or the cost of obtaining the information required to determine an indicator is too high, the indicator can be used as the indicator. Indicators. However, the number of secondary indicators skipped in each criterion layer shall not exceed 20% of the first-level indicators in the criterion layer, and the number of secondary indicators skipped in all criterion layers shall not exceed 10% of all secondary indicators. The skipped indicators are assigned the highest value of the corresponding scores. 5.3 Classification of risk levels
Divide the risk levels of the asset according to the size of the scale. This standard defines four risk levels: extremely high, high, medium and low. The specific classification standards are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Determination of risk level
Risk level
Classification standardWww.bzxZ.net
NY/T 1705 2009
When any index of RR, R, R4 is full, regardless of the size of other indexes, its risk level is classified as "extremely high". R:, R, R.R, when the index is zero, regardless of the size of other indexes, the risk level is classified as "low" RIR, R,, R. When the full value index and the zero index appear at the same time, the zero index takes precedence. The risk level is divided into \ low "6 risk management suggestions || tt || According to the risk level, measures and intensity for controlling the heart leaf beetle and quarantining its hosts are proposed for reference by decision-making departments. The general principles for proposing risk management suggestions are as follows: When the risk level is classified as extremely high, plants, plant products, and soil that can carry heart leaves (all forms) in the epidemic area (within the risk analysis area) are strictly prohibited from being transported to the non-epidemic area (within the risk analysis batch area): Plants and plant products that can carry the heart leaf beetle (all forms) should be subject to the most stringent quarantine measures; plants that can carry the heart leaf beetle (all forms) should be subject to the most stringent quarantine measures. When plants, plant products, soil, etc. carrying leaf beetles (in all forms) are transported across borders, strict precautionary measures should be taken to strictly avoid possible escape, until transit transportation is not allowed: at an acceptable cost level, various effective measures should be taken to eradicate leaf beetles in the epidemic area.
The risk level is high. Plants, plant products, soil, etc. that can carry leaf beetles (in all forms) in the epidemic area (in the risk analysis area) are transported to non-epidemic areas (in the risk analysis area) or plants and plants that can carry leaf beetles (in all forms) are introduced from outside the risk analysis area. Products should be strictly inspected and quarantined. Carriers found in the border areas should be thoroughly disinfected and shipped. Appropriate measures should be taken to monitor the presence of coconut leaf beetles when importing, transferring and transporting them in transit. At an acceptable cost, various effective measures should be taken to eliminate or control the coconut leaf beetles in the infected areas.
The risk level is 100, and the number of batches and quantities of products should be appropriately restricted: importing, transferring and transporting them in transit should be appropriately monitored. At an acceptable cost, appropriate measures should be taken to eliminate or control the coconut leaf beetles in the infected areas. Control and monitor the use of the plant within the area to avoid the continuous expansion of the area. The risk level is low, and plants, plant products, soils, etc. that may carry coconut palm leaves (in various forms) can be introduced, transported, and transported in transit, but they should also be recorded.
7 Risk Analysis Report
The risk analysis report should include a summary, purpose, background, methods, conclusions, recommendations and references. Submit the risk analysis report to the relevant competent authorities for review. The risk analysis report that has passed the review should be modified, or the risk analysis should be re-conducted. 3
NY/T 1705—2009
Whose topic level
Level standard
Foreign distribution
Domestic branches
Confidential information
Quality inspection and identification
Difficulty of prevention
Standard level
Appendix A
(Normative appendix)
Risk assessment index system for alien invasive insects Secondary standard
Known distribution breadth R-1
Known distribution breadth Ri-2
Predicted distribution breadth R.-
Host trade volume R,4
Wide host transaction/transport rate K1-:
Professional knowledge level Rs
Are there similar species in my country Type R:
Not needed
No control
Effective, easy to implement, low cost
Agricultural disturbance K-
Physical control R-
Effective implementation is difficult or the cost is high
Effective implementation is extremely difficult or the cost is high
No treatment
Effective, easy to implement, low cost
Effective, difficult to implement or the cost is high
Effective, extremely difficult to implement or the cost is high
Assign score
Criteria level
First-level indicator
Difficulty of control
Adaptation to dust and medical factors
Response to climatic factors
No syndrome||t t||Indicator layer
Secondary indicators
Chemical controlR1-
Biological controlR..11
EliminationRs
Hospital 1. Plant speciesR2
Host expansionR-
General situation of originR
(Continued)
Risk analysisRegional enemy situationR2-1
Dormative periodR:
Growing periodR
Energy-saving low filtration
Energy-saving high temperatureR:
Climate suitability areaK-
Pressure of climate suitability dataR
Indicator number
Dew control
Effective, easy to implement, low cost
Effective, easy to implement, or low cost
Effective, difficult to implement, or high cost
Effective, easy to implement, or low cost
Effective, difficult to implement, or high cost
Effective. Extremely difficult to implement, or extremely high cost
Uncertain
Little impact on its population
Little impact on its population
Great impact on its population
No suitable area
Only some areas are suitable
16% or more areas are suitable
2% or more areas are suitable 17052009
NY/T1705--2009
Yaze layer
First-level indicators
Reproductive characteristics
Species dynamics
Transmission characteristics
Secondary indicators
Sexual reproduction R,
Female fox cycle R-
Embryonic embryo path R-2
Chemical Ke-
Reproduction rate R.
Reproduction rate R.
Survival rate R:
Inland growth rate R:3
Environmental capacity Rr
Insect life R-
(Continued)
Transmission with host energy transport R:
Transmission with contaminated soil dams R
Transmission with Transportation tools for spreading R1
Leading high-quality life flow to spread the virus
Natural transmission ability scale-
Indicator parameters
Initialization
System components
Summary values
First-level indicators
Direct economic harm
Indirect economic harm
Ecological environmental harm
Hazard to human health
Referential level
Secondary indicators
Ground harm mode R-1
Underground harm R-
Transmission of plant virus R-5
Causing plant physiological abnormalities scale-
Economic distribution:
Host economic importance R~e
(Continued)
Effect on tooth yield and quality R.
Harm to livestock industryR.-s
Increase cattle production costR.
Impact on international and domestic marketsR-1
Harm to ecological environmentR,
Impact on biodiversityR2
Harm to cattle ecologyR:-
/Epidemic/Human bodyR-1
Transmission of pathogensR1-15
Indicator parameters
Only underground part
Only hazardous part
Small site, average underground, average management
Uncertain
Many species, widely distributed
Many species, widely distributed
Few species, few distribution
Very important
Unimportant
Vulnerability harmful
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Assignment score
Production loss less than 1%, no quality loss
Production loss 1%~~5%, small quality loss, production loss 5%--205%, large quality loss, production loss more than 20%, serious quality reduction
Severe damage
Light damage
Severe increase or increase in cost of products
Slight increase in Bourbon
No impact
Serious impact
Medium impact
Small impact
NY/T 1705—2009
. 1 Invasiveness
B.1.1 Significance and composition
Appendix B
【Informative Appendix】
Risk assessment indicators and parameters of coconut palm leaf beetle are quantitative reference indicators of the possibility of coconut palm leaf beetle entering the area of occurrence from its natural geographical distribution area through various channels. Technical criteria include foreign distribution, domestic distribution, window situation, difficulty of inspection and identification, and difficulty of prevention and control.2 Distribution abroad
If the outbreak abroad is serious, the possibility of coconut heart leaf beetle transmission to the risk analysis area will be correspondingly greater, and the breadth of distribution:
Extremely widespread: the distribution area is in 4 or more climate zones; Wide: the distribution area is in 2 to 3 climate zones; Local: the distribution area is in 1 climate zone; ...-- Rare: the distribution area is in the form of dots or sheets, or in narrow strips, and is in 1 climate zone B.1.3 Domestic distribution
Distribution degree:
Extremely widespread: the distribution area accounts for more than 30% of the total land area; Wide: the distribution area accounts for 10% (excluding) to 30% (inclusive) of the area in Figure 1; Local: the distribution area accounts for 1% (excluding) to 10% (inclusive) of the land area. Rare: It occurs in the form of dots or sheets, and the distribution area accounts for less than 1% (inclusive) of the land area. Predicted distribution breadth, same as known distribution breadth B.1.4 Host situation
In case of large host trade volume and frequent trade/transportation, the possibility of species entering the risk analysis area should be relatively high. Host trade volume:
- Large: Annual trade volume of more than 10,000 plants, General: Annual trade volume of 1,000 plants (excluding) to -10,000 plants (including); Small: Annual trade volume of 1,000 plants (including 2 or less).
Host trade/transportation frequency:
Frequent: Annual trade/transportation of more than 100 batches: - General: Annual trade/transportation of 20) batches (excluding) to -100 batches (including); Small: Annual trade/transportation of 20 batches (including) or less. B.1.5 Difficulty of inspection and identification
The more difficult the inspection, the greater the possibility of human-to-human transmission. Professional knowledge required:
High: requires professional instruments and equipment or special methods, and can only be identified by professionally trained personnel;
Using conventional instruments and equipment, ordinary staff can identify;
No: a group of staff can identify, no instruments and equipment are needed. B.1.6 Difficulty of control
Physical control:
VY/T 1705—2009
-Effective, easy to implement, low cost: general tools or a small amount of labor, cost 1200 yuan (inclusive)/hm2 or less;
Effective, difficult to implement or high cost: large tools or more labor. Cost 1200) yuan (exclusive)/hm2~2100 yuan (inclusive)) hru';
Effective, extremely difficult to implement or extremely low cost: large special tools or a large number of people, cost 2.1.00 yuan/hm2 or more. Chemical control:
Effective, easy to implement, low cost: general tools or a small amount of labor: cost 300 yuan (inclusive)/hm2 or less; one: effective, relatively easy to implement or high cost: large tools or more people, cost 300 yuan (exclusive)/h1~1000 yuan (inclusive)/hrn';
one: effective, extremely difficult to implement or extremely high cost: large special tools or a large amount of labor, cost more than 900 yuan/hm2. Biological control:
Effective, easy to implement, low cost: There are biological control materials in the local area, no need for artificial breeding, cost 75 yuan (inclusive)/hm\ or less: -Effective, difficult to implement or high cost: There are biological control materials in the local area, which need to be raised by humans, cost 75 yuan (inclusive)/hm~300 yuan (inclusive)/hm
Effective, extremely difficult to implement or extremely high: It is necessary to introduce biological control materials from other areas, cost 300 yuan/1mm or more Difficulty of eradication:
\Easy: Control within 3 years (inclusive) to achieve: -Difficult: Continuous control is required for 3 years (inclusive)~10 years (inclusive): Extreme: Continuous control is required for more than 10 years or there are no effective eradication measures. B.2 Adaptability
B.2.1 Significance and adaptability The possibility of establishing a species in the inheritance area of the coconut heart leaf. The colonization, spread and harm of species in new areas must be based on the premise of being suitable for the local climate, ecological environment, natural enemies, etc. This criterion has three first-level indicators: adaptation to biological factors, adaptation to climatic factors, and climate suitability. B.2.2 Adaptation to biological factors
1. Host plant species: The type and quantity of food directly affect the growth, development, reproduction and life span of individual insects, and also affect the number and dynamics of insect species. When host plants are widespread, the risk of colonization and harm is relatively high. Many: 21 or more host plant species;
General: 6 to 20 host plant species;
Few: 10 or fewer host plant species.
Expansion of host range: Some species spread into a new area and may lack sufficient food sources: In this case, the species may feed on hosts that they do not feed on in their place of origin. This indicator evaluates the possibility of the host range expanding after the species is introduced into the risk analysis area.
1. Natural enemy situation in the place of origin
Less: 1 to 3 species;
More: 4 species and above.
: Natural enemy situation in the risk analysis area: Same as “natural situation in the place of origin”. B.2.3 Adaptation to climatic factors
Climatic factors (including effective accumulated temperature, annual average temperature, average temperature of the coldest month, average temperature of the hottest month, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, light conditions, etc.) have a major impact on the wintering, summering, egg laying, hatching and other aspects of insects, and are one of the most important factors determining the survival status of insects. To survive in a region, insects must be able to adapt to the northern light conditions of the region, the maximum and maximum temperatures. Therefore, insects generally have 91 Significance and adaptability reflect the possibility of establishing species in the coconut palm leaf in the introduced area. The colonization, spread and harm of species in new areas must be based on the premise of being suitable for the local climate, ecological environment, natural enemies, etc. This criterion has three first-level indicators: adaptability to biological factors, adaptation to climatic factors, and climate suitability. B.2.2 Adaptation to biological factors
1. Host plant species: The type and quantity of food directly affect the growth, development, reproduction and life span of individual insects, and also affect the number and dynamics of insect species. If the host plants are widespread, the risk of colonization and causing harm will be relatively high. Many: 21 or more host plant species;
\ General: 6 to 20 host plant species;
Few: 1 or fewer host plant species.
Expansion of host range: Some species spread into a new area, which may lack sufficient food sources: in this case, the species may feed on hosts that they do not feed on in their place of origin. This indicator evaluates the possibility of the expansion of the host range after the species is introduced into the risk analysis area.
Natural enemy situation in the place of origin
Less: 1 to 3 species;
More: 4 species and above.
: Natural enemy situation in the risk analysis area: Same as "natural enemy situation in the place of origin". B.2.3 Adaptation to climatic factors
Climatic factors (including effective accumulated temperature, annual average temperature, average temperature of the coldest month, average temperature of the hottest month, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, light conditions, etc.) have a major impact on the wintering, summering, egg laying, hatching and other aspects of insects, and are one of the most important factors determining the survival status of insects. To survive in a region, insects must be able to adapt to the north light conditions of the region, the maximum and maximum temperatures. Therefore, insects generally have 91 Significance and adaptability reflect the possibility of establishing species in the coconut palm leaf in the introduced area. The colonization, spread and harm of species in new areas must be based on the premise of being suitable for the local climate, ecological environment, natural enemies, etc. This criterion has three first-level indicators: adaptability to biological factors, adaptation to climatic factors, and climate suitability. B.2.2 Adaptation to biological factors
1. Host plant species: The type and quantity of food directly affect the growth, development, reproduction and life span of individual insects, and also affect the number and dynamics of insect species. If the host plants are widespread, the risk of colonization and causing harm will be relatively high. Many: 21 or more host plant species;
\ General: 6 to 20 host plant species;
Few: 1 or fewer host plant species.
Expansion of host range: Some species spread into a new area, which may lack sufficient food sources: in this case, the species may feed on hosts that they do not feed on in their place of origin. This indicator evaluates the possibility of the expansion of the host range after the species is introduced into the risk analysis area.
Natural enemy situation in the place of origin
Less: 1 to 3 species;
More: 4 species and above.
: Natural enemy situation in the risk analysis area: Same as "natural enemy situation in the place of origin". B.2.3 Adaptation to climatic factors
Climatic factors (including effective accumulated temperature, annual average temperature, average temperature of the coldest month, average temperature of the hottest month, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, light conditions, etc.) have a major impact on the wintering, summering, egg laying, hatching and other aspects of insects, and are one of the most important factors determining the survival status of insects. To survive in a region, insects must be able to adapt to the north light conditions of the region, the maximum and maximum temperatures. Therefore, insects generally have 9
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