Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Coated electrodes for copper and copper alloys
Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 3670-1995
Replaces GB3670-83
This standard specifies the model classification, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules of copper and copper alloy coated electrodes for manual arc welding.
This standard applies to copper and copper alloy coated electrodes for manual arc welding with a diameter of 2.5~6.0mm. 2 Reference standards
GB700 Carbon structural steel
GB1176
Technical conditions for casting copper alloys
GB2652
GB2653
GB2654
GB5121
GB5122
GB5231
GB5233
GB5234
GB6520
GB8002
GB 8550
Tensile test method for weld and deposited metal
Bending and flattening test method for welded joint
Hardness test method for welded joint and weld overlay metal Chemical analysis method for copper
Chemical analysis method for brass
Chemical composition and product shape of processed copper
Chemical composition and product shape of processed bronze
Chemical composition and product shape of processed nickel silver
Chemical analysis method for silicon bronze and silicon brass
Chemical analysis method for tin bronze
Chemical analysis method for nickel silver
Standard method for chemical analysis of YB55 aluminum bronze
3 Model classification
3.1 Welding rods are classified according to the chemical composition of the deposited metal specified in Table 1. 3.2 The method of indicating the welding rod model is as follows: the letter "E" indicates the welding rod, and the letter after "E" directly indicates the model classification with the element symbol. When there are different chemical composition requirements in the same classification, it is indicated by letters or numbers and separated from the preceding element symbol by a short dash "_\. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 12, 1995 320
Implementation on May 1, 1996
ECuSi-A
ECuSi-B
ECuSn-A
ECuSn-B
ECuAl-A2||tt| |ECuAl-B
ECuAl-C
ECuNi-A
ECuNi-B
ECuAINi
ECuMnAIN
GB/T3670-1995
Chemical composition of deposited metal
Note: ①The individual values shown in the table are all maximum values. ②The S content of ECuNi-A and ECuNi-B should be controlled below 0.015%. ③The letter f indicates a trace element.
①Ag is allowed to be contained in the Cu element.
4 Technical requirements 4.1 Dimensions 4.1.1 The dimensions of the welding rod shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. Ni 4.1.1 The dimensions of the welding rod shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. Total components of Ni 4.1.1 Basic dimensions GB/T3670-1995 4.1.1 The dimensions of the welding rod shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Table 3 4.2 Coating 4.2 Basic dimensions 200
Length of the welding rod clamping end 200
Length of the welding rod clamping end 200
Length of the welding rod clamping end 200
4.2.1 The coating should evenly and tightly cover the welding core, the coating at the arc-starting end of the welding rod should be chamfered, and the end face of the welding core should be exposed, but the length of the exposed welding core should not exceed 3mm. There should be no defects on the entire welding rod coating that hinder the uniformity of the welding rod and affect the welding quality. 4.2.2 The eccentricity of the welding rod shall comply with the following regulations:.
For welding rods with a diameter of 2.5mm, the eccentricity should not be greater than 7%. For welding rods with diameters of 3.2mm and 4.0mm, the eccentricity should not be greater than 5%. b.
For welding rods with diameters of 5.0mm and 6.0mm, the eccentricity should not be greater than 4%. The eccentricity calculation method is as follows (see Figure 1): T T2
Electrode eccentricity -
X 100%
(TI+T2)/2
Wherein: T,--the maximum thickness of the electrode coating plus the core diameter; the minimum thickness of the coating plus the core diameter. T2
4.3 Chemical composition
The chemical composition of the deposited metal shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. 4.4 Mechanical properties
GB/T 3670--1995
4.4.1 The tensile strength and elongation of the deposited metal shall comply with the provisions of Table 4. 4.4.2 Bending properties
The outer surface of the bent specimen shall not have defects such as cracks larger than 3mm in any direction, and cracks on the corners of the specimen need not be considered.
ECuSi-A
ECuSi-B
ECuSn-A
ECuSn-B
ECuAl-A2
ECuAI-B
ECuAI-C
ECuNi-A
ECuNi-B
ECuAINi
ECuMnAINi
Note: The individual values in the table are all minimum values.
5 Test methods
5.1 Test parent materials
Table 4 Mechanical properties of deposited metal
Tensile strength
Elongation8:
5.1.1 The parent materials for chemical analysis and tensile test of deposited metal shall comply with the provisions of Q235A grade and Q255A grade in GB700. 5.1.2 The parent material for bending test shall comply with the requirements of Table 5. Table 5
Base material for bending test
ECuSi-A(B)
ECuSn-A
ECuSn-B
ECuAl-A2
ECuAl-B(C)
Sheet grade
No. 2 deoxidized copper
3-1 Silicon bronze
6.5-0.1 Tin bronze
7-0.2 Tin bronze
7 Aluminum bronze
9-5-1-1 Aluminum bronze
QSi3-1
QSn6.5-0.1
QA19-5-1-1
GB5231
GB5233
ECuNi-A||tt ||ECuNi-B
ECuAINi
ECuMnAINi
GB/T3670-1995
Table 5 continued
Plate brand
10-1-1 Nickel copper
30-1-1 Nickel copper
9-4-4-2 Aluminum bronze
8-13-3-2 Aluminum bronze
BFe10-1-1
BFe30-1-1
ZCuA19Fe4Ni4Mn2
ZCuA18Mn13Fe3Ni2
5.2 Welding position
The preparation of test pieces for chemical analysis of deposited metal, tensile and bending tests should be welded in the flat welding position. 5.3 Chemical analysis of deposited metal
GB5234
GB1176
5.3.1 The dimensions of the test plate are: about 80mm in length, about 70mm in width, and about 12mm in height. 5.3.2 The width of each weld bead of deposited metal is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the electrode. The first to third layers are welded with a small current. From the fourth layer onwards, the interpass temperature is controlled according to the provisions of Table 6.
Table 6 Preheating and interpass temperature
ECuSi-A(B)
ECuSn-A(B)
ECuAl-A2(B)
ECuNi-A(B)(C)
ECuAINi
ECuMnAINi
Preheating and interpass temperature
400~600
16~70
200~300
95~200
16~150
95~200
5.3.3 The size of the weld overlay for chemical analysis of the deposited metal shall comply with the provisions of Figure 2. The chemical analysis sample shall be obtained by drilling or turning, or from the parallel position of the tensile test sample sampling position in 5.4. Welding seam Jinjiu
Kecai Jinhuang
Welding rod diameter
Weld overlay size
mm (minimum value)
*Height of the sample removed.
Weld overlay size for chemical analysis test
GB/T3670-1995
5.3.4 Chemical analysis of the deposited metal shall be carried out in accordance with the methods specified in GB5121, GB5122, GB6520, GB8002, GB8550, and YB55. 5.4 Mechanical properties test
5.4.1 Tensile test of deposited metal
5.4.1.1 When deposited metal is cladding, a small current is used from the 1st to 3rd layer, and the interpass temperature is controlled according to the provisions of Table 6 after the 4th layer. 5.4.1.2 During welding, in order to prevent deformation, the test plate should be clamped in an appropriate fixture. 5.4.1.3 A tensile test specimen is cut from the part above the 4th layer of deposited metal. The cutting position is shown in Figure 3. The specimen size is shown in Figure 4. Figure 3 Specimen position, test plate and specimen size
Welding rod diameter
r, minimum
Figure 4 Deposited metal tensile test specimen
5.4.1.4 The tensile test is carried out in accordance with the method specified in GB2652. 36
5.4.2 Bending test
5.4.2.1 The dimensions of the test plate are shown in Figure 5. The angular deformation of the test plate after welding cannot be greater than 5°. The test plate should be left with reverse deformation before welding or the test plate should be clamped in an appropriate fixture during welding.
GB/T3670-1995
Less than the outer diameter of the dry bar
Figure 5 Dimensions of test plate and position of test specimen
5.4.2.2 The number of welding layers should be more than 2 layers, and the interpass temperature should be controlled according to the provisions of Table 6. 5.4.2.3 Both positive bending and back bending tests need to be carried out. At the position shown in Figure 5, a positive bending specimen and a back bending specimen are cut off after welding. The shape and size of the specimens are shown in Figure 6. R*1.5
Figure 6 Specimen shape and size
5.4.2.4 The bending test is carried out according to the method specified in GB2653. The diameter of the indenter for the round indenter bending test or the inner diameter of the roller bending test is 24mm, and the bending angle is 180°. 6 Inspection rules
6.1 Finished welding rods shall be inspected by the technical inspection department of the manufacturer in batches. 6.2 Each batch of welding rods shall be made of the same batch number of welding cores, the same batch number of main coating materials, and the same coating formula and manufacturing process. 6.3 Each batch of welding rods shall be inspected for the chemical composition of the deposited metal. When required by the user, tensile tests and bending tests shall be performed. 6.4 Acceptance
6.4.1 The test results of the chemical composition of the deposited metal of each batch of welding rods shall comply with the provisions of Article 4.3. 326
GB/T3670-1995
6.4.2 The test results of the mechanical properties of the deposited metal of the welding rod shall comply with the provisions of Article 4.4. 6.4.3 Welding rods may also be accepted according to the acceptance items negotiated by the supply and demand parties. 6.5 Re-test
When any test fails, the test shall be doubled and the results of the doubled re-test shall comply with the provisions of the test. The re-tested sample shall be cut from the new test piece. For chemical analysis, the sample can also be obtained from the original test piece. 7 Packaging, marking and quality certificate
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Welding rods shall be packaged according to the batch number with a net weight of 1, 2, 2.5 or 5 kg or according to the corresponding number of rods. The package shall be sealed to prevent moisture absorption and deterioration. 7.1.2 Several packages of welding rods shall be packed in boxes to ensure that they will not be damaged during normal transportation. The net weight of each box can be 5, 10 or 20 kg. 7.2 Label
7.2.1 At least one clear model mark shall be printed on the coating near the clamping end of the welding rod. The font should be in eye-catching print, and there should be a strong contrast between the font color and the electrode coating so that the numbers and letters are clearly distinguishable before and after normal welding. The leading letter "E" in the electrode classification can be omitted from the marking.
7.2.2 The following information should be marked on the outside of each package and box of welding rods: a.
Standard number, welding rod model and welding rod brand, manufacturer and trademark;
Specification and net weight;
Batch number and inspection number.
7.3 Quality certificate
The manufacturer shall issue a quality certificate for each batch of welding rods based on the actual inspection results for the purchaser to inquire. When the user makes a request, the manufacturer shall provide a copy of the inspection results.
GB/T36701995
Appendix A
Instructions for Supplementary Tests for Copper and Copper Alloy Welding Rods (reference)
A1 When the application of welding rods involves properties not considered in this standard, supplementary tests must be considered to determine their applicability. A2 Additional tests to determine specific properties, such as corrosion resistance, high and low temperature mechanical properties, and welding adhesion of dissimilar metals, can be carried out on the basis of agreement between the supplier and the buyer.
A3 Hardness testbzxz.net
A3.1 Test plate and size
The parent material for hardness test shall comply with the provisions of Q235A grade and Q255A grade in GB700. The size of the test plate is: about 80mm long, about 50mm wide, and about 12mm high. A3.2 Sample preparation
A3.2.1 The width of each weld bead of the deposited metal is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the electrode. The 1st to 3rd layers are welded with a small current. From the 4th layer onwards, the interpass temperature is controlled according to the provisions of Table 6. A3.2.2 After the surface of the deposited metal is processed, the number of welding layers should be more than 6 layers, and the dimensions of the cladding layer are: about 70 mm in length, about 40 mm in width, and about 15 mm in height.
A3.3 The hardness test is carried out according to the method specified in GB2654. The measurement position is shown in Figure A1. About 70
Figure A1 Hardness determination position
Appendix B
Brief description of copper and copper alloy electrodes
(reference)
B1ECu type (copper electrode)
ECu electrodes are usually made of deoxidized copper core (basically pure copper with a small amount of deoxidizer) and can be used for welding deoxidized copper, oxygen-free copper and ductile (electrolytic) copper. The electrode is used for repair and cladding of these materials and cladding on carbon steel and cast iron. Deoxidized copper can obtain mechanically and metallurgically defect-free welds. The reaction of hydrogen in oxygen-free copper and the segregation of copper oxide in ductile copper may impair the reliability of the weld. However, when the requirements are not high, if protective measures are taken to minimize the dilution effect, ECu electrodes can also be used for the repair of the cladding metal of copper-clad containers. The preheating temperature needs to reach 540℃.
B2ECuSi type (silicon bronze)
ECuSi electrodes contain approximately 5% silicon plus small amounts of manganese and tin. They are primarily used for welding copper-silicon alloys. ECuSi electrodes are occasionally used for welding copper, dissimilar metals, and certain iron-based metals. Silicon bronze weld metal is rarely used as a bearing surface for overlays, but is often used for overlays in areas subject to corrosion. B3ECuSn type (phosphor bronze)
ECuSn electrodes are used to join phosphor bronzes of similar composition. They are also used to join brass and, in some cases, brass to cast iron and carbon steel. ECuSn weld metal has low fluidity and requires preheat and interpass temperatures of at least 205°C for thick workpieces. Postweld heat treatment is not required, but postweld heat treatment is required for maximum ductility, especially when the weld metal is to be cold worked. B3.1ECuSn-A electrodes are primarily used to join plates of similar composition. They may also be used to weld copper if the weld metal has satisfactory conductivity and corrosion resistance for the particular application. B3.2ECuSn-B electrodes have a higher tin content, resulting in weld metals with higher hardness, tensile and yield strength than ECuSn-A weld metals.
B4ECuNi type (copper-nickel)
ECuNi type electrodes are used for welding forged or cast 70/30, 80/20 and 90/10 copper-nickel alloys, and also for welding the clad side of copper-nickel clad steel. Preheating is usually not required.
B5ECuAI type (aluminum bronze)
B5.1 Copper-aluminum electrodes are only used in flat welding positions. For butt joints, it is recommended to use a single-sided 90° V-shaped groove, while for thicker plates, it is recommended to use a modified U-shaped or double V-shaped groove. The preheating and interpass temperatures are as follows: B5.1.1 For iron-based materials: 95~150°C
B5.1.2 For bronze: 150~210°C;
B5.1.3 For brass: 260~315°
B5.2ECuAl-A2 electrodes are used to connect aluminum bronze of similar composition, high-strength copper-zinc alloys, silicon bronze, manganese bronze, certain nickel-based alloys, most ferrous metals and alloys, and dissimilar metals. The weld metal is also suitable for surfacing of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant surfaces. B5.3ECuA1-B electrodes have higher tensile strength, yield strength, hardness, and correspondingly lower ductility than ECuAI-A2 weld metal.
ECuA1-B electrodes are used for repairing aluminum bronze and other copper alloy castings. ECuAl-B weld metal is also used for high strength wear and corrosion resistant surfacing.
B5.4ECuAINi electrodes are used for joining or repairing cast and forged nickel-aluminum bronze materials. These weld metals may also be used in applications requiring high resistance to corrosion, erosion, or cavitation in salt and trace water. B5.5ECuMnAINi electrodes are used for joining or repairing cast or forged manganese-nickel aluminum bronze materials. These weld metals have excellent resistance to corrosion, erosion, and cavitation.
GB3670—83
TCuSnA
TCuSnB
TCuMnAl
Additional instructions:
GB/T3670—1995
Appendix C
Comparison table of copper and copper alloy welding rod models
(reference)
GB/T 3670-1995
ECuSi-A
ECuSi-B
ECuSn-A
ECuSn-B
ECuAl-A2
ECuAl-B
ECuAl-C
ECuNi-A
ECuNi-B
ECuAINi
ECuMnAINi
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by Harbin Welding Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The drafters of this standard are Ma Fenghui, Zhao Lisan and Wang Yude. This standard was first issued in 1983.
AWS A5. 6--84
ECuSn-A
ECuSn-C
ECuAl-A2
ECuAl-B
ECuNiAl
ECuMnNiAI
J ISZ3231
DCuSiA
DCuSiB
DCuSnA
DCuSnB
DCuNi-1
DCuNi-3
DCuAINi
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