NY/T 5083-2002 Technical specification for the production of pollution-free food radish
Some standard content:
ICS 65. 020. 20
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5083—2002
Pollution-free foodWww.bzxZ.net
2002-07-25 Issued
Technical regulations for the production of radishes
2002-09-01 Implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5083
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China.
The drafting units of this standard are: College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The main drafters of this standard are: Du Xiangge, Xie Bingyan, Liu Zhiqi, Sun Zhiyong, Wang Huimin. 162
1 Scope
Technical Regulations for Radish Production
Pollution-free Food
This standard specifies the environmental requirements for the production area of pollution-free food radish and the production technology management measures. This standard applies to the production of pollution-free food radish. 2 Normative References
NY/T 5083—2002
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB4286 Pesticide Safety Use Standards
GB/T8321 (all parts) Pesticide Rational Use Guidelines NY/T496 Fertilizer Rational Use Guidelines General Rules
NY5010 Pollution-free Food: Vegetable Production Environment Conditions 3 Production Environment
Should comply with the provisions of NY5010.
4 Production Management Measures
4.1 Previous Crops
Avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous vegetables.
4.2 Soil Conditions
Flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep soil layer, loose soil, rich in organic matter, good water and fertilizer retention are preferred. 4.3 Variety Selection
4.3.1 Seed Selection Principles
Select varieties that are disease-resistant, high-quality and high-yield, strong in stress resistance, wide adaptability, and good commercial properties. 4.3.2 Seed quality
Seed purity ≥90%, cleanliness ≥97%, germination rate ≥96%, moisture ≤8%. 4.4 Land preparation
Early ploughing and frequent turning, breaking the soil into a flat surface, and applying sufficient base fertilizer. The depth of ploughing depends on the variety. 4.5 Cultivation
Large varieties are mostly cultivated in ridges, with a height of 20cm to 30cm and a spacing of 50cm to 60cm. Two rows or two holes are planted on the ridges. For medium-sized varieties, the height of the ridges is 15cm to 20cm and the spacing of the ridges is 35cm to 40cm; small varieties are mostly cultivated in flat ridges. 4.6 Seeding
4.6.1 Seeding amount
For large varieties, the seed amount is 0.5kg per 667m2; for medium varieties, the seed amount is 0.75kg~~1.0kg per 667m2; for small varieties, the seed amount is 1.5kg~2.0kg per 667m2. 4.6.2 Seeding method
For large varieties, hole sowing is mostly adopted; for medium varieties, row sowing is mostly adopted; for small varieties, row sowing or broadcast sowing can be adopted. There are two ways of sowing: watering first, sowing and covering with soil, and sowing first, covering with soil and then watering. Flat broadcast sowing mostly adopts the former, which is suitable for cold seasons; high ridge row sowing or hole sowing mostly adopts the latter, which is suitable for hot seasons. 4.6.3 Planting density
For large varieties, the row spacing and plant spacing are 20cm~30cm; for medium varieties, the row spacing and plant spacing are 15cm~20cm; for small varieties, the spacing can be maintained at 8cm~10 cm.
4.7 Field management
4.7.1 Thinning and finalization
Thinning in the morning and finalization in the evening, radish should not be transplanted and cut, and it is impossible to replant. The first thinning is carried out when the cotyledons are fully expanded. When the radish has 2~3 true leaves, the second thinning begins; when it has 5~6 true leaves and the fleshy roots break, the seedlings are finalized according to the specified plant spacing. 4.7.2 Intertillage and weeding and soil cultivation
Intertillage and weeding are combined with thinning. When intertillage, start with shallow tillage and then deep tillage to avoid damaging the roots. The first and second thinning should be shallow tillage, and the topsoil should be loosened by hoeing. The last deep tillage should be carried out, and the soil in the furrow should be cultivated to the surface to prevent the seedlings from falling. 4.7.3 Watering
Watering should be based on the crop's growth period, rainfall, temperature, soil quality, groundwater level, air and soil humidity. 4.7.3.1 Germination period: After sowing, sufficient water should be irrigated. The effective soil water content should be above 80%. In dry years in the north, summer and autumn radishes should be watered three times to ensure that the seedlings are fully grown. That is, one watering after sowing, one watering after soil expansion, and one watering after seedlings are fully grown. This is to prevent viral diseases caused by high temperatures. 4.7.3.2 Seedling stage: Seedlings have shallow roots and require little water. The effective soil water content should be above 60%. Follow the principle of "watering less and watering more often". 4.7.3.3 Peak leaf growth period: During this period, the number of leaves continues to increase, the leaf area gradually increases, and the fleshy roots also begin to expand. The water demand is large, but irrigation should be appropriate. 4.7.3.4 Peak fleshy root expansion period: During this period, the water demand is the largest, and watering should be sufficient and evenly applied. The effective soil water content should be above 70% to 80%. 4.7. 4 Fertilization
4.7.4.1 Fertilization principles
According to NY/T496. Do not use industrial waste, urban garbage and sludge. Do not use organic fertilizers such as human and animal manure and urine that have not been fermented and decomposed, have not reached the harmlessness index, and have excessive heavy metals. 4.7.4.2 Fertilization method
Combined with land preparation, apply basal fertilizer, and the amount of basal fertilizer should account for more than 70% of the total fertilizer. Determine the time of topdressing according to soil fertility and growth conditions. Generally, it is carried out twice during the seedling stage, leaf growth period and fleshy root growth period. In the seedling stage and leaf growth period, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied, and 15kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied; during the fleshy root growth period, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied, and 30kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied. 2 before harvest Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers should not be used within 0 days. 4.8 Disease and Pest Control
4.8.1 Agricultural Control
Select high-quality disease-resistant (tolerant) varieties; make reasonable layout, implement crop rotation, advocate intercropping with tall crops, clean the fields, strengthen tillage and weeding, reduce the number of disease and insect sources; cultivate strong seedlings without diseases and insect pests. 4.8.2 Chemical Control
4.8.2.1 Principles and Requirements for the Use of Chemicals
4.8.2.1.1 It is prohibited to use highly toxic, extremely toxic, and high-residue pesticides and their mixed pesticide varieties that are expressly prohibited by the state. The highly toxic and extremely toxic pesticide varieties that are prohibited from use include: methyl parathion, methyl parathion, parathion, monocrotophos, phosphamidon, phorate, methyl isofenphos, terbutalyl sulfate Phosphorus, methyl thiocarb, spirophos, systemic phosphorus, carbofuran, aldicarb, ethoxyphos, thiocarb, coumaphos, fenthion, chlorfenapyr, fenamiphos, hexachlorvos, DDT, toxaphene, dibromochloropropane, insecticide, dibromoethane, herbicide ether, aldrin, dieldrin, mercury preparations, arsenic, lead, diclofenac, fluoroacetamide, fluorinated fluoride, tetramine, sodium fluoroacetate, tetrasil and other pesticides. 4.8.2.1.2 When using chemical pesticides, GB4286 and GB/T8321 (all parts) should be implemented. 4.8.2.1.3 Reasonably mix, rotate and alternate the use of pesticides to prevent and delay the generation and development of resistance of pests and diseases. 4.9 Harvest
Harvest in time according to market needs and growth period. 164
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