GB 18613-2002 Energy efficiency limit values and energy saving evaluation values for small and medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motors
Some standard content:
ICS_27.010
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB18613--2002
Limited values of energy efficiency and evaluating values of energyconservation of small and medium three-phase asynchronous motors2002-01-10 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
2002-08-01 Implementation
GB18613—2002
4.1 of this standard is mandatory, and the rest are recommended. This standard refers to similar standards in Europe and the United States. For motors with a power of 1.1kW90kW and 2 and 4 poles, the efficiency standards of eff1 and eff2 in Europe are directly adopted, and according to the current status of motor production and use in my country, the efficiency requirements of other specifications of motors within the scope of this standard are specified.
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are normative appendices, and Appendix C is an informative appendix. This standard is proposed by the Department of Resource Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of the State Economic and Trade Commission. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Rational Electricity Use Subcommittee of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Energy Basics and Management. The responsible drafting units of this standard are: China Standard Research Center, Shanghai Electric Science Research Institute, and National Small and Medium-sized Motor Quality Supervision and Inspection Center. The participating drafting units of this standard are: International Energy Conservation Research Institute, Nanyang Explosion-proof Electrical Research Institute, Dalian Burton Motor Co., Ltd., Beijing Bijie Motor Co., Ltd., and Tsinghua University Power Electronics Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are: Zhao Yuejin, Qin He, Fu Fengli, Zhai Zufang, Jin Weiwei, Chen Haihong, Liu Jun, Ren Chunfa, Yu Shaojin, Wang Xuan, and Zhao Zhengming.
1 Scope
Energy efficiency limit values and energy saving evaluation values for small and medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motors
GB18613—2002
This standard specifies the energy efficiency limit values, energy saving evaluation values and test methods for small and medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motors (hereinafter referred to as motors). This standard applies to general-purpose motors or general-purpose explosion-proof motors with voltages of 660V and below, 50Hz three-phase AC power supply, rated power in the range of 0.55kW~315kW, 2-pole, 4-pole and 6-pole, single-speed enclosed fan-cooled, N-design, and 2-pole, 4-pole and 6-pole poles. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated references, the latest versions shall apply to this standard. GB755--2000 Ratings and performance of rotating electrical machines (idtIEC60034-1:1996) GB/T1032-1985 Test methods for three-phase asynchronous motors IEC60034-2 (1972 3.2nd edition) Test methods for determining losses and efficiencies of rotating electrical machines 3 Terms and definitions
This standard adopts the following terms and definitions.
Limited value of energy efficiency of motors The guaranteed minimum value of the efficiency of a motor allowed under the test conditions specified in the standard. 3.2
The evaluating values of energy conservation for motors The guaranteed minimum value of the efficiency of an energy-saving motor under the test conditions specified in the standard 4 Technical requirements
4.1 Limited value of energy efficiency of motors
The efficiency of the motor (%) shall not be less than that specified in Table 1. Table 1 Limit values of motor energy efficiency
Rated power
Efficiency”
GB 18613--2002
Rated power
Tolerance shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 11 of GB755--2000. 4.2 Evaluation of energy-saving motors
4.2.1 Basic requirements
Table 1 (continued)
Efficiency”
The general performance, safety performance, explosion-proof performance, and noise and vibration requirements of the motor shall comply with the relevant standards respectively. 4.2.2 Energy-saving evaluation value
The efficiency of the motor shall not be lower than the provisions of Table 2. 8
Rated power
Table 2 Energy-saving evaluation value of motor
Tolerance shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 11 of GB755-2000. 4 poles
GB18613---2002
GB 18613—2002
4.2.3 Stray loss
The stray loss of the motor shall not be greater than the requirements specified in Table 3. Table 3 Stray loss limit
Rated power of the motor
4.2.4 Power factor
! Ratio of load stray loss to input power%
Rated power of the motor
The power factor of the motor shall comply with the values specified in the relevant product standards. 5 Test method
5.1 Determination of energy efficiency limit value
Ratio of load stray loss to input power%
The efficiency of the motor shall be determined according to the loss analysis method in GB/T1032—1985, in which the stray loss is calculated as 0.5% of the rated input power.
5.2 Determination of energy-saving evaluation value
5.2.1 Requirements for test power supply and measuring instruments 5.2.1.1 Test power supply
The test power supply should be a balanced three-phase voltage close to a sine waveform. The harmonic voltage factor should not exceed 0.03. The negative sequence component and zero sequence component of the three-phase voltage symmetrical system should not exceed 1% of the positive sequence component. During the test, the frequency should be the rated value, and the deviation should be within ±0.5%. 5.2.1.2 Measuring instruments
5.2.1.2.1 Indicating instruments
When testing efficiency, its error limit should not be greater than ±0.2% of the full scale. Usually, low-range instruments should be selected as much as possible according to actual needs. 5.2.1.2.2 Instrument transformers
If current and voltage transformers are used, their ratio errors should be corrected if possible, and phase (angle) errors should also be corrected in power measurement. The ratio error of the transformer used should not be greater than ±0.2%. When the instruments and transformers for measuring voltage, current and power are calibrated as a system, the error of the system is required to be less than ±0.2% of the full scale. 5.2.1.2.3 Resistance measuring instrument
Use a double-arm bridge for measurement. The measurement error is required to be less than ±0.2% of the measured value. 10
GB18613-2002
5.2.1.2.4 Torque measuring instrumentWww.bzxZ.net
To ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the test results, the error of the torque measuring instrument should not be greater than +0.2% of the full scale during the efficiency test. 5.2.1.2.5 Speed measuring instrument
The error of the tachometer should not be greater than ±1.0r/min of the reading, and a tachometer with an accuracy of ±0.1r/min should be used. 5.2.2 Determination of motor efficiency and power factor The determination of motor efficiency and power factor shall be carried out in accordance with Appendix A. 5.2.3 Determination of load stray losses
The determination of motor load stray losses shall be carried out in accordance with Appendix B. 6 Marking
In addition to the contents specified in 9.2 of GB755-2000, the motor nameplate shall also be marked with the rated efficiency. Motors that have passed the energy-saving product certification shall also have an energy-saving certification mark. 11
GB 18613--2002
A.1 Efficiency determination rules
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Determination of motor efficiency and power factor
Based on the rated voltage load test, the loss analysis method is used to determine the efficiency of the motor. A.2 Load test
The motor is loaded at rated voltage and rated frequency to determine the efficiency, power factor, speed (slip), current and temperature rise of the motor. The motor is loaded by direct load method. Before recording the test data, the motor is hot and the difference between the stator winding temperature and the winding temperature at thermal stability of the rated load temperature rise test should be within 10C. The test should be carried out as soon as possible to reduce the temperature change of the motor during the test. The process of loading the motor starts from the maximum load and gradually decreases to the minimum load in sequence. Take 6 load points that are roughly evenly distributed between 150% and 25% of the rated load. Read the input power, voltage, current, frequency, slip (speed), shaft output torque, ambient temperature and stator winding temperature or resistance at each load point. A.3 Calculation of various losses of the motor
a) Iron loss Pr (W) at rated voltage \F, obtained by no-load test; b) Windage loss Prw (W), obtained by no-load test; c) Stator winding IR loss Peul (W), calculated according to formula (A.1): Peu = 3Riref
Where:
I---stator phase current, in ampere (A); stator winding phase resistance when converted to reference temperature, in ohm (2). Rir
The stator winding phase resistance Rirer when converted to reference temperature can be calculated by formula (A.2): K. + Oref
Riref = R.
Formula:
K—constant, 235 for copper and 225 for aluminum;
R—actual cold winding phase resistance (three-phase average value), in ohm (2);.-—-actual cold winding temperature, in degrees Celsius (C);Oreference temperature, in degrees Celsius (C) The reference temperature 9r is determined in accordance with IEC60034-2:1996. If there is no other provision, all IR losses shall be calibrated to the reference temperature in Table A.1. A.1
Reference temperature
Thermal classification of insulating structures
Reference temperature
GB18613—2002
If the rated temperature rise or rated temperature is specified according to a thermal classification lower than the one used for the structure, the reference temperature shall be specified according to the lower thermal classification.
d) Rotor winding I2R loss Pu2 (W) is calculated according to formula (A.3): Peuz =(Pt Peul - Pre)- Srel Where:
Pt——stator winding input power, in watts (W); Sref
slip rate converted to reference temperature, in revolutions per minute (r/min), the slip rate Srr converted to reference temperature can be calculated by formula (A.4): Ka+Oref
S nt = St, +6
Where:
S.slip rate measured during the test, in revolutions per minute (r/min);.…stator winding temperature measured during the load test, in degrees Celsius (C). The slip rate S. measured during the test can be calculated by formula (A.5): S: = synchronous speed (r/min) - measured speed (r/min) synchronous speed (r/min)
e) load stray loss P (W)
. (A.4)
The load stray loss value at rated power is taken as 0.5% of the input power P. For other load points, the stray loss value is converted according to the square of the stator current.
A.4 Calculation of efficiency and power factor
A.4.1 Calculation of output power of the motor
The output power of the motor is calculated according to formula (A.6): P2P—P
-P -(Pe + Pw +Peu + Peuz +P)The efficiency n(%) of the motor is calculated according to formula (A.7): P
A.4.2 Calculation of the power factor cos of the motor A.4.2.1 Indirect calculation
The power factor is equal to the ratio of watts to volt-amperes. For a three-phase motor, it is calculated according to formula (A.8): cosp
Where:
P—--input power, in watts (W); U,—-line voltage, in volts (V); It——line current, in amperes (A). A.4.2.2 Directly calculate
For a three-phase motor, use the two-wattmeter method to measure power and use formula (A.9) to calculate cosΦ: cosg
(w,-W)2
/1+3(w+w,
（A.6）
...(A.8)
GB 18613--2002
W,—-high reading;
W low reading.
If the value of W? is negative, the negative value should be used instead. If the power factor calculated by formula (A.8) and formula (A.9) differs by no more than 1%, it indicates that the measurement is correct. A.4.3 Draw the working characteristic curve
The input power Pi, stator current Ii, efficiency n, power factor cosu and slip rate Sret obtained by load test and calculation are plotted against the output power P. Draw a relationship curve, which is the working characteristic curve, as shown in Figure A.1. The efficiency and power factor values corresponding to the output power on the working characteristic curve are the required efficiency and power factor.
PI,/,+srut,n.cose
Figure A.1 Working characteristic curve
cos±= f(P,)
n=f(P,)
P =f(P2)
lf(p,)
Srer=f(P2)
Appendix B
(Normative Appendix)
Determination of load stray losses
B.1 Measurement of load stray losses using the input-output method of loss analysis GB18613---2002
During the load test (see A.1), the input power PI (W), voltage U (V), current I. (A), speed n (r/m in), output torque T (N·m), stator winding temperature or resistance R.(Q) and ambient temperature. The difference between the apparent total loss (input power PI-output power P) and the conventional loss (stator and rotor I?R loss, iron loss and wind friction) is the load stray loss. The load stray loss is a function of the square of the load torque. Plot a curve of the load stray loss relative to the square value of the load torque, and use the linear regression analysis method to reduce the influence of random errors in the measurement work during the test. The load stray loss is calculated according to formula (B.1): P = AT2+ B
Where:
P load stray loss, in watts (W); T torque, in newton meters (N·m);
A-slope;
B intercept on the zero torque line, in watts (W). · (B. 1)
If the slope is negative, or the correlation coefficient r is less than 0.9, delete the worst point and re-do the regression analysis. If r can be increased to 0.9 or a larger value, use the result of the second regression analysis. If not, it means that the test was not done well, and the measuring instrument or test reading or both have errors. The cause of the error should be investigated and analyzed and corrected, and the test should be repeated. Special attention should be paid to the influence of the measurement accuracy of electric power P, (W), shaft torque T (N·m) and speed n (r/min) on the test results. The corrected rated load stray loss P is calculated according to formula (B.2): P = A·TN
Wu Zhong:
T shaft output rated torque, unit is Newton meter N·m). B.2 Calculation format of load stray loss
. (B. 2)
Use the test data of the 6 load points of the load test (see A.2) to calculate the load stray loss according to the format. The specific table is shown in Appendix C. 15
GB 18613-2002
Performance curve
Design number
C Time quota
Appendix C
(Informative appendix)
Load stray loss calculation format
(Motor input-output method test and calculation of load stray loss) Frame size
Synchronous speed
Horsepower/kW
Product number
Style number
Average value of cold phase resistance of stator winding (1) Rated load temperature rise Stator winding phase Resistance value (3) Ambient temperature (5)
Ambient temperature
Stator winding overflow
Motor
Synchronous speed (8)×120/number of poles
Speed (9)—(10)
Line voltage
Line current
Stator power
At (t) C
Electromagnetic power (14)—(15)—(16) Rotor R loss (17)×(10)/(9)
Wind loss
2,At this time, the winding temperature (2)
α, at this time, the winding temperature (4)
(r/min)
(r/min）
(r/min)
Total conventional loss (15)+(16)+(18)+(19) torque
dynamometer correction value
corrected shaft torque (21)+(22)
shaft power Rate (23) × (11)/9.549
Total apparent loss (14) - (24)
Load stray loss (25) - (20)
Load distance B
Slope A
Corrected load stray loss A × (23)2
(N·m)
(N·m）
Correlation coefficient
Delete point
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