Specification for the ground-based GNSS water vapor remote sensing observation
Some standard content:
ICS07.060
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T33700-2017
Specification for the ground-based GNSS water vapor remote sensing observation2017-05-12Release
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2017-12-01Implementation
2Normative references
Terms and definitions
Observation requirements
5Observation equipment and composition
Technical requirements
Inspection and maintenance
Appendix A (Informative Appendix)GNSS/MET station observation duty diaryAppendix B (Informative Appendix)GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record sheetAppendix C (Informative Appendix)
References
GNSS/MET station monthly maintenance record sheet
GB/T33700—2017
Hii KAoNhi KAca
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This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed by the China Meteorological Administration.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Meteorological Instruments and Observation Methods (SAC/TC507). GB/T33700—2017
The drafting units of this standard are: Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau, Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau. The main drafters of this standard are: Tu Manhong, Cao Yunchang, Wang Haishen, Hu Jie, Yang Minghua, Zhang Enhong, Liang Hong. Hii KAoNhi KAca
HiKAoNhi KAca
1 Scope
Specification for ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor observation GB/T33700—2017
This standard specifies the requirements for ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor observation, duty requirements, data center operation monitoring requirements, etc. This standard applies to ground-based remote sensing water vapor observation based on the global navigation satellite system. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T4208 Shell protection level (IP code) GB/T19391 Global Positioning System (GPS) terms and definitions GB/T28588 Global Navigation Satellite System Continuously Operating Base Station Network Technical Specifications GJB2228A Global Positioning System (GPS) Measurement Technical Regulations QX4 Automatic Weather Station (Station) Lightning Protection Technical Specifications QX/T45-2007 Ground Meteorological Observation Specifications Part 1: General 3 Terms and Definitions
GJB2228A, GB/T19391.GB/T28588 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
Ground-based GNSS station for water vapor remote sensing observation
A station that uses the global navigation satellite system for ground-based water vapor remote sensing observation. 3.2
GNSS observation file GNSS observation file The code distance and phase information of satellite observations for each epoch. 3.3
GNSS navigation fileGNSSnavigationfileNavigation satellite broadcast orbit, working status information and ionosphere and time information file. 3.4
GNSS meteorological file
FGNSSmeteorological file
Temperature, air pressure, humidity and other meteorological data files of ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor observation station. 4 Observation requirements
4.1 Observation content
Includes: phase observation value, code distance observation value, air pressure, temperature, relative humidity, etc.; observation files should include: GNSS navigation file (hereinafter referred to as "navigation file"), GNSS observation file (hereinafter referred to as "satellite file") and ground meteorological file. 4.2 Observation method
Automatic continuous observation, obtain satellite file second data and meteorological minute data. 4.3 Observation data
4.3.1 Data format
The data format should comply with RINEX2.1 and above. Note: RINEX format is a navigation file exchange format that is independent of the receiver and is a standard data format commonly used in navigation satellite measurement applications. This format uses text files to store data and has a specific file naming method. 4.3.2 Data flow
The data flow is divided into:
With meteorological instrument: the observation data acquisition software directly collects and compresses satellite files, navigation files and ground image files observed by the meteorological instrument and uploads them to the data center,
Without meteorological instrument: the data acquisition software collects and uploads satellite files and navigation files to the data center, and then the data center matches the relevant ground meteorological automatic station data as required.
4.4 Time system and date boundary
All observation projects use the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), with UTC time O0 as the date boundary. Observation equipment and composition
Observation equipment mainly includes navigation satellite signal receivers, navigation satellite signal receiving antennas, ground meteorological observation equipment, power supply equipment, communication equipment, computers and other equipment, as well as infrastructure such as observation piers and observation rooms. Remote monitoring software can be configured to connect ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor observation stations (hereinafter referred to as "GNSS/MET stations") to form a ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor observation station network. The observation station network consists of several GNEE/MET stations, data centers and communication networks. The data center should have functions such as data management, data processing and analysis, and product services. 6 Technical requirements
6.1 Functional requirements
Ground-based GNSS/MET stations should use high-precision, high-stability, and automated navigation satellite receiving equipment and meteorological instruments to obtain original observation data, upload them to the data processing center through the network, and finally form usable water vapor observation data after data solution and quality control. 6.2 Equipment requirements
6.2.1 General requirements
The general requirements are as follows:
One should have a use permit issued by the meteorological authority of the State Council, or be approved by the business department of the meteorological authority of the State Council for use in observation business;
The distance between the meteorological station sensor replacing the meteorological instrument and the GNSS/MET station antenna should be less than 1000m, and the height difference between the sensor and the antenna should be less than 3m.
6.2.2 Navigation satellite signal receiver
Functional requirements
The function should meet the following requirements:
It has the function of receiving, storing and outputting meteorological instrument data to the computer terminal; a)
b) It can automatically resume work after power is restored after abnormal power failure; GB/T33700—2017
c) It can automatically receive the carrier phase data, code distance and observation values of dual-frequency or multi-frequency bands of 4 or more navigation satellites at the same time. 6.2.2.2
Performance requirements
The performance should meet the following requirements
It should have multi-frequency synchronous tracking of all available satellites above the horizon elevation angle of 0°. a)
The number of parallel channels should not be less than 192; the code pseudorange should be 40cm, and the carrier phase should be 2mm. b)
Receiver clock frequency: the daily stability of the crystal oscillator should not be less than 10-. c)
External atomic clock frequency standard interface: atomic clock 10MHz or 5MHz. d)
The overall power consumption of the receiver and the rejector ring antenna should be within 8W. e)
Different sampling rates can be set at the same time, and the highest sampling rate should not be less than 20Hz (non-interpolated). f)
The receiver should be fully sealed and waterproof, in line with IP67 in GB/T4208. g)
The built-in integrated battery should work continuously for more than 12h. h)
It has the ability to work normally in an environment of -40℃~+65℃ and relative humidity not more than 100%. i
The receiver has at least two external power ports for AC and battery power supply, of which AC needs to be converted by an adapter, and the battery can directly supply DC power. The DC power supply voltage is 9V~28V, and the working voltage of the AC converter is 100V~240V. Data transmission: Support TCP/IP data stream; built-in FTP service supports FTP active upload; remote software upgrade, remote parameter setting and remote reset can be performed, and a WEB-based control interface is used. 1
The receiver should have the ability to store at least 7 days of raw observation data. m) The receiver can automatically calibrate the time, and the difference between the receiver sampling second and the satellite is less than 1ms. n
Frequency of cycle slips: For 24h, zero baseline measurement with a sampling rate of 30s, the minimum satellite elevation angle is 0°, when the satellite elevation angle is between 10° and 90°, the observations of each cycle slip of the two receivers are greater than 3000, and the observations are greater than 1000 between 0° and 10°. o) Multipath test: Continuous observation for 24h, the cut-off elevation angle is set to zero, and the sampling interval is 30s. The instrument should completely lock all visible satellites within 3min and be able to record observation data normally; the observations with an elevation angle above 10° should have more than 95% valid observations; the ranging observation quality MP1 and MP2 are less than 0.5m. The communication interface should meet the following requirements:
1) At least 1 Ethernet interface (RJ-45) and 2 RS-232 interfaces; 2) The RJ-45 interface supports TCP/IP protocol. 6.2.3 The receiving antenna of the navigation satellite signal
shall meet the following requirements:
The phase center stability shall be less than 1.0mm within one year, and there shall be directional marks to meet the requirements of high-precision measurement: a
b) Protection and shielding measures shall be taken, and a certified antenna absolute phase center correction model shall be provided: the gain of the low noise amplifier minus the gain of the cable loss shall not be less than 15dB; the phase center deviation of the choke antenna shall be less than 3mm; d)
It can work normally in an environment of -40℃～+65℃; e)
HiiKAoNhiKAca
GB/T33700--2017
f) Sealing and waterproofing shall comply with the relevant requirements of IP67 in GB/T4208. 6.2.4 Ground meteorological observation equipment
shall comply with the relevant requirements of QX/T45-2007. 6.3 Environmental requirements
The following requirements should be met:
- The distance from objects that are prone to multipath effects (such as tall buildings, trees, water bodies, beaches and areas prone to water accumulation, etc.) should be no less than 200m
- The place where it is easy to place receiving equipment, has good data transmission conditions, and has joint debugging and testing conditions, the elevation angle of surrounding obstacles should be less than 15°;
- The distance from electromagnetic interference areas such as microwave stations and microwave channels, radio transmitters, and high-voltage line crossing areas should be greater than 200m;- The conditions for the normal operation of ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor stations should be met, including safety, power supply, water supply, lightning protection and other infrastructure guarantees;
- Avoid mining areas, railways, roads and other areas prone to vibration;- It should be representative and able to maintain long-term stability, taking into account relevant planning and construction, and avoiding environmental damage and site relocation;- The lightning protection should meet the requirements of QX4.
6.4 Communication requirements
The data connection between the GNSS/MET observation station and the data center should be carried out through a dedicated network communication link for data transmission. The communication equipment is required to be able to work long-term, reliably and continuously; the data transmission rate should be greater than 64kbps; the bit error rate of real-time communication should be less than 10-, and the delay should be less than 100ms.
7 Inspection and maintenance
Should be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:
a) Observers should check the station system within 30 minutes after 08:00 and 20:00 Beijing time. Establish a work diary and fill in the inspection and handling situation carefully. If system abnormalities or instrument failures are found, they should be recorded in detail in the duty work diary, and precautions should be explained to the next shift. The recording format is shown in Appendix A Table A.1, Appendix B Table B.1, and Appendix C Table C.1. Keep the GNSS/MET station equipment in normal and continuous operation. Observers shall check the transmission of observation files 10 minutes after the observation is on time. If there are problems such as the receiver file not being generated, the maintenance and support personnel shall be notified within half an hour. If the file is not transmitted in time due to abnormal network communication, the data shall be retransmitted after the network is connected. Establish a special duty work diary, and the duty personnel shall carefully fill in the inspection and handling situation. When an instrument failure is found, it shall be recorded in detail in the duty work diary (see Appendix B) and the precautions shall be explained to the next shift. The replacement of receivers and antennas, and the update or upgrade of business software shall be registered in detail. When phenomena that affect the protection of the observation environment or interference sources that may affect the observation records are found, they shall be reported within 24 hours. Back up the technical files of the receiver software and software settings, and restore the backup in time when there is a software failure. g)
The data center should establish a real-time operation monitoring system to realize automatic alarm for data anomalies and equipment failures, and promptly guide the station to handle them.
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work Diary
GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work Diary See Table A.1. Table A.1 GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work DiaryWorking Period
Instrument and Equipment Inspection and Processing
Work During the Shift
Instrument and Equipment
Replacement Status
Software Replacement
Upgrade Status
Notes
Status and Processing
GNSS/MET Station
Data Collection
GNSS/ MET station
Data transmission
Takeover time
Factory number
Duty officer
GB/T33700—2017
GB/T33700—2017
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record
See Table B.1 for the GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record. Table B.1 Daily maintenance record of GNSS/MET station
Computer check
Municipal power supply quality
Power supply situation
GNSS/MET station main
Technical parameters and communication
Remarks:
UPS. Stabilized power supply
Working parameters
Check working status through monitoring software
Check working status through software
Log check
Working status
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archiveRegulated power supply
Working parameters
Through monitoring software
Check working status
Through software
Log check
Working situation
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archiveRegulated power supply
Working parameters
Through monitoring software
Check working status
Through software
Log check
Working situation
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archive3 Environmental requirements
Should meet the following requirements:
一The distance from objects that are prone to multipath effects (such as tall buildings, trees, water bodies, beaches and areas prone to water accumulation, etc.) should be no less than 200m
一The place where it is easy to place receiving equipment, has good data transmission conditions, and has joint debugging and testing conditions, the elevation angle of surrounding obstacles should be less than 15°;
一The distance from electromagnetic interference areas such as microwave stations and microwave channels, radio transmitters, and high-voltage line crossing areas should be greater than 200m; 一The conditions for the normal operation of ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor stations should be met, including safety, power supply, water supply, lightning protection and other infrastructure guarantees;
一Avoid mining areas, railways, highways and other areas prone to vibration; 一Representative and able to maintain long-term stability, taking into account relevant planning and construction, and avoiding environmental damage and site relocation; —Lightning protection should meet the requirements of QX4.
6.4 Communication requirements
The data connection between the GNSS/MET observation station and the data center should be carried out through a dedicated network communication link for data transmission. The communication equipment is required to be able to work long-term, reliably and continuously; the data transmission rate should be greater than 64kbps; the bit error rate of real-time communication should be less than 10-, and the delay should be less than 100ms.
7 Inspection and maintenance
Should be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:
a) Observers should check the station system within 30 minutes after 08:00 and 20:00 Beijing time. Establish a work diary and fill in the inspection and handling situation carefully. If system abnormalities or instrument failures are found, they should be recorded in detail in the duty work diary, and precautions should be explained to the next shift. The recording format is shown in Appendix A Table A.1, Appendix B Table B.1, and Appendix C Table C.1. Keep the GNSS/MET station equipment in normal and continuous operation. Observers shall check the transmission of observation files 10 minutes after the observation is on time. If there are problems such as the receiver file not being generated, the maintenance and support personnel shall be notified within half an hour. If the file is not transmitted in time due to abnormal network communication, the data shall be retransmitted after the network is connected. Establish a special duty work diary, and the duty personnel shall carefully fill in the inspection and handling situation. When an instrument failure is found, it shall be recorded in detail in the duty work diary (see Appendix B), and the precautions shall be explained to the next shift. The replacement of receivers and antennas, and the update or upgrade of business software shall be registered in detail. When phenomena that affect the protection of the observation environment or interference sources that may affect the observation records are found, they shall be reported within 24 hours. Back up the technical files of the receiver software and software settings, and restore the backup in time when there is a software failure. g)
The data center should establish a real-time operation monitoring system to realize automatic alarm for data anomalies and equipment failures, and promptly guide the station to handle them.
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work Diary
GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work Diary See Table A.1. Table A.1 GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work DiaryWorking Period
Instrument and Equipment Inspection and Processing
Work During the Shift
Instrument and Equipment
Replacement Status
Software Replacement
Upgrade Status
Notes
Status and Processing
GNSS/MET Station
Data Collection
GNSS/ MET station
Data transmission
Takeover time
Factory number
Duty officer
GB/T33700—2017
GB/T33700—2017
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record
See Table B.1 for the GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record. Table B.1 Daily maintenance record of GNSS/MET station
Computer check
Municipal power supply quality
Power supply situation
GNSS/MET station main
Technical parameters and communication
Remarks:
UPS. Stabilized power supply
Working parameters
Check working status through monitoring software
Check working status through software
Log check
Working status
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archive3 Environmental requirements
The following requirements should be met:
-The distance from objects that are prone to multipath effects (such as tall buildings, trees, water bodies, beaches and areas prone to water accumulation, etc.) should be no less than 200m
-The place where it is easy to place receiving equipment, has good data transmission conditions, and has joint debugging and testing conditions, the elevation angle of surrounding obstacles should be less than 15°;bzxZ.net
-The distance from electromagnetic interference areas such as microwave stations and microwave channels, radio transmitters, and high-voltage line crossing areas should be greater than 200m;-The conditions for the normal operation of ground-based navigation satellite remote sensing water vapor stations should be met, including safety, power supply, water supply, lightning protection and other infrastructure guarantees;
-Avoid mining areas, railways, highways and other areas prone to vibration;-Representative and able to maintain long-term stability, taking into account relevant planning and construction, and avoiding environmental damage and site relocation;-Lightning protection should meet the requirements of QX4.
6.4 Communication requirements
The data connection between the GNSS/MET observation station and the data center should be carried out through a dedicated network communication link for data transmission. The communication equipment is required to be able to work long-term, reliably and continuously; the data transmission rate should be greater than 64kbps; the bit error rate of real-time communication should be less than 10-, and the delay should be less than 100ms.
7 Inspection and maintenance
Should be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:
a) Observers should check the station system within 30 minutes after 08:00 and 20:00 Beijing time. Establish a work diary and fill in the inspection and handling situation carefully. If system abnormalities or instrument failures are found, they should be recorded in detail in the duty work diary, and precautions should be explained to the next shift. The recording format is shown in Appendix A Table A.1, Appendix B Table B.1, and Appendix C Table C.1. Keep the GNSS/MET station equipment in normal and continuous operation. Observers shall check the transmission of observation files 10 minutes after the observation is on time. If there are problems such as the receiver file not being generated, the maintenance and support personnel shall be notified within half an hour. If the file is not transmitted in time due to abnormal network communication, the data shall be retransmitted after the network is connected. Establish a special duty work diary, and the duty personnel shall carefully fill in the inspection and handling situation. When an instrument failure is found, it shall be recorded in detail in the duty work diary (see Appendix B) and the precautions shall be explained to the next shift. The replacement of receivers and antennas, and the update or upgrade of business software shall be registered in detail. When phenomena that affect the protection of the observation environment or interference sources that may affect the observation records are found, they shall be reported within 24 hours. Back up the technical files of the receiver software and software settings, and restore the backup in time when there is a software failure. g)
The data center should establish a real-time operation monitoring system to realize automatic alarm for data anomalies and equipment failures, and promptly guide the station to handle them.
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work Diary
GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work Diary See Table A.1. Table A.1 GNSS/MET Station Observation Duty Work DiaryWorking Period
Instrument and Equipment Inspection and Processing
Work During the Shift
Instrument and Equipment
Replacement Status
Software Replacement
Upgrade Status
Notes
Status and Processing
GNSS/MET Station
Data Collection
GNSS/ MET station
Data transmission
Takeover time
Factory number
Duty officer
GB/T33700—2017
GB/T33700—2017
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record
See Table B.1 for the GNSS/MET station daily maintenance record. Table B.1 Daily maintenance record of GNSS/MET station
Computer check
Municipal power supply quality
Power supply situation
GNSS/MET station main
Technical parameters and communication
Remarks:
UPS. Stabilized power supply
Working parameters
Check working status through monitoring software
Check working status through software
Log check
Working status
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archiveStabilized power supply
Working parameters
Through monitoring software
Check working status
Through software
Log check
Working situation
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archiveRegulated power supply
Working parameters
Through monitoring software
Check working status
Through software
Log check
Working situation
Data collection
Data upload
Daily maintenance record
Recorded
Archived
Inspection situation
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
Abnormal
No record
No archive
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