This standard applies to electrical installations in buildings. GB 16895.1-1997 Electrical installations in buildings Part 1: Scope, purpose and basic principles GB16895.1-1997 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

GB 16895. 11997
This standard is the first part of GB16895 Electrical installations in buildings\, which is equivalent to IEC364-1:1992 Electrical installations in buildings Part 1: Scope, purpose and basic principles (third edition). GB16895 is divided into the following seven parts under the general title of "Electrical installations in buildings". Part 1: Scope, purpose and basic principles Part 2: Definitions Part 3: General characteristics evaluation Part 4: Safety protection Part 5: Selection and installation of electrical equipment Part 6: Inspection Part 7: Requirements for special installations or places This standard has guiding significance and binding effect on the subsequent parts of the standards for electrical installations in buildings. When relevant units compile subsequent parts, they should pay attention to coordination and consistency with this standard. The nature of Appendix A of this standard is that it is missing at the end of IEC 364-1:1992. Appendix B of this standard is a reminder appendix, which is added to provide users with necessary information. There is no such appendix in IEC 364-1. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for the Promotion of Standardization of Electrical Installations in Buildings. The drafting unit of this standard is Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science. The drafters of this standard are Zhu Deji and Dong Lianlian. GB16895.1—1997
IEC Foreword
1) Formal resolutions or agreements of IEC on technical issues are formulated by technical committees participated by those national committees that are particularly concerned with these issues, and they express the international consensus on the subjects involved as much as possible. 2) These resolutions or agreements are in the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by various national committees in this sense. 3) In order to promote international consensus, IEC expresses such a wish: each national committee will adopt the text of IEC recommendations in its respective national regulations when the conditions of the country permit. Any differences between the text of the IEC Recommendation and the corresponding national regulations shall be clearly indicated in the national regulations.
This International Standard was prepared by IECTC 64 (Electrical Installations in Buildings). The third edition of IEC 364-1 cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 364-1 issued in 1972 and the first edition of IEC 364-2 issued in 1970.
The text of this standard is based on the following document: Draft International Standard 64 (CO) 200
For full information on the voting for the approval of this standard, see the above voting report. Voting report
64(CO)223
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electrical installations of buildings
Part 1: Scope, object and fundamental principlesElectrical installatlons of buildingsPart 1; Scope, object and fundamental principlesChapter 11: Scope
GB 16895.1—1997
idt IEC 364-1: 1992
11.1 This standard applies to electrical installations in buildings, such as those in the following buildings and similar facilities: a) residential buildings; b) commercial buildings; c) public buildings; e) agricultural and horticultural buildings; f) mobile buildings; g) campers, camper camps and similar places; h) construction sites, exhibitions, fairs and other temporary facilities; i) yachts and moorings.
11.2 The electrical installations applicable to this standard include: a) power supply circuits with a nominal voltage of 1000V AC or less or 1500V DC or less. The preferred frequencies of AC power considered in this standard are 50Hz, 60Hz and 400Hz, but other frequencies used for special purposes are not excluded;
b) the power supply of the electrical equipment is taken from the circuit with a voltage not exceeding 1000V AC and the working voltage of the electrical equipment exceeds 1000V, such as the circuit for supplying power to gas discharge lamps and electrostatic precipitators. Except for the internal wiring of the electrical equipment; c) any wiring system and cable not explicitly included in the appliance standard; d) all user devices outside the building;
e) fixed wiring for communication, signal, control and similar purposes (excluding the internal wiring of the electrical equipment); f) the part of the electrical installation that is modified or expanded and the part of the existing electrical installation that is affected by the modification and expansion. 11.3 This standard does not apply to: a) Electric traction equipment; b) Electrical equipment of motor vehicles; c) Marine electrical equipment; d) Electrical equipment for aircraft; e) Public road lighting equipment; f) Electrical equipment for mines; g) Equipment for suppressing radio interference (except for equipment that affects the safety of the equipment); h) Electric fences; i) Lightning protection for buildings. GB 16895.1—1997 Note: However, the influence of atmospheric phenomena on electrical equipment should still be considered (such as the selection of arresters). 11.4 This standard is not considered for:
Public distribution systems: or
Generation and transmission of public distribution systems, 1
11.5 Competitor electrical equipment, this standard only deals with their selection and their application in the installation. This also applies to components of complete electrical equipment that conform to the relevant standards: Chapter 12: Self-
12.1 This standard contains rules for the design and installation of electrical installations. These rules are formulated to provide safety and proper function in the intended use.
12.2 Chapter 13 of this standard sets out basic principles. It does not contain specific technical requirements that need to be frequently revised due to technological developments. 12.3 Parts 3 to 7 of this standard deal with technical requirements. Compliance with these technical requirements is to ensure that the electrical installation complies with the basic principles set out in Chapter 13 of this standard.
Chapter 13: Basic Principles 2
131 Section 1 Safety Protection
131.1 Overview
The contents listed in this section are requirements for the dangers and damages that may occur in the reasonable use of electrical equipment. Its purpose is to ensure the safety of people, livestock and property:
Note that there are two main types of dangers in electrical installations: Electric shock current:
Injury, fire and other harmful effects that may be caused by excessive losses. 131.2 Protection against electric shock
131.2.1 Direct contact protection
Protection should be provided for the dangers that may occur when people and livestock come into contact with the live parts of electrical installations. This protection can be obtained by one of the following methods: Prevent the current from passing through the body of a person or household: Limit the current that can pass through the body to a value lower than the electric shock current, 131.2.2 Indirect contact protection
Protection should be provided for the dangers that may occur when people and livestock come into contact with exposed conductive parts in the event of a fault. This protection can be obtained by one of the following methods: Prevent the fault current from passing through the body of a person or domestic animal; Limit the fault current that can pass through the body to a value lower than the electric shock current: In the event of a fault, when a person or domestic animal touches an exposed conductive part that may cause a current equal to or greater than the electric shock current to pass through the body, the power supply is automatically cut off within a specified time. Note: For indirect contact protection, the use of equipotential bonding method is one of the important principles related to safety. Adoption instructions:
1 The original text of IEC:364-1 has a note as follows: "If some countries wish, this standard can also be fully or partially based on the above system. \ Now the root is removed.
2] The original text of IEC:364-1 under this international title has a note as follows: "When a country does not have regulations on electrical installations and needs to formulate requirements with legal effect, it is recommended that the requirements formulated should be subject to the basic principles described in this chapter. These basic principles will not be frequently changed due to technical development. The proposals in Chapter 13 of this standard can be used as the basis for such regulations. \Since this standard has been published as a mandatory standard, this note is deleted. 131.3 Thermal Effect Protection
GB 16895.11997
Electrical devices should be arranged so that there is no danger of ignition of flammable materials due to high temperature or electric arc. In addition, there should be no risk of burns to people or livestock during the operation of electrical equipment. 131.4 Overcurrent protection
When high temperatures or electromechanical stresses caused by any overcurrent occur in live parts, protection shall be provided against injury to persons or domestic animals and against loss of property.
This protection may be obtained by one of the following means: Automatically disconnecting the overcurrent before it reaches a dangerous value (taking into account the duration of the overcurrent); or Limiting the maximum overcurrent to a safe value during the duration of the current. 131.5 Fault current protection
Conductors (other than live conductors) expected to carry fault currents shall not be allowed to carry the fault current without reaching excessive temperatures.
1 Special attention shall be paid to earth-fault currents and leakage currents. 2 For live conductors, compliance with the requirements of 131.4 shall ensure their protection against overcurrents caused by faults. 131.6 Overvoltage protection
131.6.1When a fault occurs between live parts of circuits supplied with different voltages, protection shall be provided against injury to persons and domestic animals and against any harmful effects on property.
131.6.2 When excessive voltage occurs due to other reasons (such as atmospheric phenomena or operating overvoltage), people and domestic animals should be protected from injury and property should not be damaged. Section 132-Design
132.1 General
The design of electrical installations should take into account the factors described in this section to provide: protection for people, domestic animals and property in accordance with the requirements of Section 131; the functions that the electrical installation should have when used as designed. The information listed in 132.2~~132.5 is the information that should be available as the basis for design. The requirements that the design should meet are listed in 132.6~132.12.
132.2 Characteristics of the available single or multiple power sources 132.2.1 Type of current: AC and (or) DC. 132.2.2 Type and number of conductors
AC: phase conductors
neutral conductor;
protective conductor.
Direct current? Equivalent to the conductor described above.
132.2.3 Values ​​and deviationswwW.bzxz.Net
: Voltage and voltage deviation:
Frequency and frequency deviation;
Maximum permissible current;
Expected short-circuit current,
132.2.4 Intrinsic protection measures of the power supply, such as grounding of the neutral or neutral line, 132.2.5 Special requirements of the power supply department.
132.3 Nature of power loads
GB 16895.1-1997
The type and number of circuits required for lighting, heating, power, control, signaling, communication, etc., depend on: the location of the power load point,
-Calculated load on each circuit:
-Daily and annual changes in load;
Any special conditions;
·Requirements for control, signaling, communication, etc. 132.4 Power supply (nature, characteristics) supplied by a single or multiple emergency power sources; a circuit supplied by an emergency power source. 132.5 Environmental conditions Refer to Chapter 32 of IEC364-3:1977 Electrical installations of buildings Part 3: Evaluation of general characteristics and IFC721 Classification of environmental conditions. Note: The correspondence between national standards and the above IEC standards can be found in Appendix B. 132.6 Conductor cross section The cross section of the conductor should be determined according to the following items: a) The maximum temperature allowed by the conductor; b) The allowed voltage drop; c) The electromechanical stress that may occur due to short circuit; d) Other mechanical stresses that the conductor may be subjected to; e) The maximum impedance related to the short-circuit protection function. Note: The above items must take into account the safety of the electrical installation. For economic reasons, a larger cut area than that determined by these safety requirements may be used. 132.7 Wiring patterns and installation methods
The choice of wiring patterns and installation methods depends on: - the nature of the location
- the nature of the walls or other objects of the building supporting the wiring; - the accessibility of the wiring to people and animals; - the medium voltage of the line;
the electromechanical stresses that may occur during short circuits;
other stresses that the wiring may be subjected to during the installation or operation of the electrical installation. 132.8 Protective equipment
The characteristics of protective equipment should be determined by their functions, such as protection against the effects caused by the following situations: -.- Overcurrent (overload, short circuit);
- Earth fault current;
Overvoltage;
Undervoltage and loss of voltage.
Protective devices should operate at current values, voltage values ​​and time values ​​that have a proper relationship with the characteristics of the circuit and the possibility of danger. 132.9 Emergency control
Where the power supply needs to be cut off immediately in case of danger, a power-off device should be installed. This device should be easy to identify and can operate effectively and quickly.
132.10 Isolation device
Instructions for use,
1] This note is supplemented according to national conditions.
GB 16895.1-1997
In order to maintain, test, check faults or repair, isolation devices should be installed to isolate individual items of electrical equipment, circuits or electrical appliances.
132.11 Prevention of explosion
The layout of electrical equipment should ensure that there will be no adverse effects between the electrical equipment and non-electrical equipment in the building. 132.12 Accessibility of electrical equipment
The safety of electrical equipment should be as follows: 1. Leave enough space to facilitate access during the initial installation of electrical equipment and subsequent replacement of individual items: operation, testing, inspection, maintenance and repair. Section 133 Selection of electrical equipment
133.1 Overview
Each item of electrical equipment used in the electrical installation shall comply with the Chinese standard adopting the corresponding IEC standard or comply with the corresponding IFC standard.
133.2 Characteristics
Each item of electrical equipment selected shall have appropriate characteristics that are compatible with the values ​​and conditions based on which the electrical installation design (see Section 132 of this standard) is based, and in particular shall meet the requirements of the following clauses. 133.2.1 Voltage
Electrical equipment shall be adapted to the highest stable voltage that may be applied (AC is measured in square mean value) and the overvoltage that may occur. For some typical equipment, the lowest voltage that may occur shall also be considered. 133.2.2 Current
Electrical equipment should be selected according to the maximum stable current (AC is measured by RMS value) carried during normal operation; it should also be selected according to the current that may be carried under abnormal conditions and the time for the current to pass (if a protective device is installed, it is the action time of the device): 133.2.3 Frequency
If the frequency has an impact on the characteristics of the electrical equipment, the rated frequency of the equipment should be adapted to the possible frequency in the circuit. 133.2.4 Power
All electrical equipment selected according to power characteristics should meet the needs of the equipment working mode (taking into account the load factor and normal working conditions).
133.3 Installation conditions
The selected electrical equipment should be able to safely withstand various external forces and environmental conditions unique to the location it may encounter (see Article 132.5 of this standard). If the design performance of an electrical equipment is not adapted to the location where it is located, it can only be used after configuring appropriate supplementary protection (which should become an integral part of the electrical installation). 133.4 Prevention of harmful effects The selected electrical equipment should not have harmful effects on other equipment, nor should it cause any damage to the power supply during normal operation (including switching operations). Factors that can have an impact in this regard include: - power factor; - inrush current; - unbalanced load; - harmonics.
Section 134 - Installation and acceptance of electrical installations
134.1 Installation
Instructions for use:
1] "Chinese standards that conform to the relevant IEC standards adopted\-may be supplemented according to national conditions. GB 16895.1-1997
134.1.1 The skilled skills of qualified personnel and applicable materials should be provided for the installation of electrical installations. 134.1.2 The characteristics of electrical equipment (as specified in Section 133 of this standard) should not be impaired during installation. 134.1.3 Conductors should be identifiable in accordance with the provisions of IEC446:1989 for identifying conductors by color and numbers. Note-G7947-87 The color marking of insulated conductors and bare conductors refers to the color marking of insulated conductors and bare conductors adopted by IEC44h:1973". 134.1.4 The connection between conductors and between conductors and other electrical equipment should ensure safe and reliable contact. 134.1.5 Electrical equipment should be installed so that the cooling conditions required by the design are not impaired. 134.1.6 All electrical equipment that may generate high temperatures or arcs should be properly placed or shielded to eliminate the risk of igniting flammable materials. If the temperature of exposed parts of electrical equipment may harm the human body, these parts should be properly placed or shielded to prevent people from accidentally touching them.
134.2 Acceptance
Electrical installations should be inspected and tested before being put into operation and after any major modification to verify that the completed work complies with the specifications.
Adoption Notes:
1] This note is added based on national conditions.
and drawings
GB16895.1-1997
Appendix A
The numbering system and element tables A1 of GB16895 "Electrical Installations of Buildings" The numbering system of tables and drawings of GB168956 "Electrical Installations of Buildings" is only used in Arabic numbers, except for tables and drawings, see the following examples) The division of this standard is consistent with the following examples
The order is shown by a single ordinal number
The order within each "part" is shown by a single ordinal number followed by the number of the "section", without a dot in between. The order within each "chapter" is followed by the ordinal number of the "part" and "chapter". The order within each section is indicated by a single ordinal number without a dot. The ordinal numbers of the parts, chapters and sections are indicated by a period followed by the ordinal number of the article. 1. The ordinal number of an article can extend beyond this if necessary. If there is no sub-section in a chapter, then in the position where the ordinal number of the section is still displayed, it is replaced by 0. 3. In a part, when an introduction or general article is shown before a sub-section in the "Section", the ordinal number of each article is usually displayed with a period followed by the ordinal number of the chapter and/or section. The order of tables and figures is indicated by the ordinal number of the part or chapter, followed by a capital letter in alphabetical order.
Table A2GB16895 Schemes for electrical installations in buildings "Part" and "Competition"
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 1
Use:
Scope, purpose and underlying principles
Basic principles
General terminology Guide
General characteristics Evaluation
Use, power supply and structure
Classification of external influences
Compatibility
Maintainability Protection
Security power supply
Safety protection
Electric shock protection (direct contact and indirect contact protection) Thermal effect protection (during equipment shutdown) Overcurrent protection (for conductors and cables)
Overvoltage protection
Undervoltage protection
Isolation and switching
Application of safety protection
Select protection measures according to external responses
1] The original text of IEC364-1 omits the word \secrion\, which is corrected by this standard. Example
Table 414
"With points" "Lucky"
Part 5
Part G
Part 7
Section 701
Section 702
Section 703
Section 704
Section 705
Section 70%
Section 707
Section 708
Section 709
Section 710
Section 712 Book
CB 16895.1--1997
Table A2 (complete)
Selection and installation of outlet equipment
General rules (principles for selection and installation)
Wiring system
Switch control equipment
Connection and protection conductors (including equipotential bonding conductors) Other equipment
Security power supply (selection and installation of equipment for security power supply) Inspection
Acceptance (after installation First things first)
Requirements for special installations or locations
Note: Part 7 is different from Parts 1 to 6. In order to arrange more than 9 sections of the annexes, Part 7 is not divided into "chapter\ but book"
Locations with bathtubs and shower trays
Swimming pools
Locations with mulberry heaters
Electrical installations at construction sites and demolition sites Electrical installations in agricultural and horticultural registered houses
Restricted Conductive places with control
Earthing requirements for data processing equipment installation Electrical installations in motorhomes and motorhome camping areas Electrical installations in yachts and mooring areas
Medical places and related areas
Electrical installations in exhibitions, demonstrations, fairs and "temple fairs" (not yet arranged)
This standard
GB16895.1:1997
Appendix B
(Suggestive Appendix)
Table B1 Correspondence between IEC standards and national standards cited in this standard Table B1 Correspondence between IEC standards and national standards cited in this standard IEC standards cited
Version Change Year of publication
Publication number
721-2-1
721-2-2
721-2-3
721-2-4
721-2-6
721-3 0
721-3-1
721-3-2
721-3-3
721-3-4
721-3-5
721-3-6
721-3-7
134. 1. 3446
The First Rebellion (1977)
The First Edition (1981)
The First Edition (1990)
The First Edition (1982)
The First Edition (1988)
The First Edition (1987)
The First Edition (1987)
The First Edition (1990)
The First Edition (1987)
The First Edition (1987)
The First Edition (1987)
The First Edition (1987)
The First Edition (1987)| |tt||1st edition (1985)
1st edition (1987)
1st edition (1987)
1st edition (1985)
1st edition (1987)
1st edition (1987)
2nd edition (1989)
1st edition (1973)
Electrical installations in buildings-Part 3:-General performance evaluation
Classification of environmental conditions
Part 1 Classification of environmental parameters and their severity Part 1: Environmental parameters and their severity Part 2: Naturally occurring environmental conditions Temperature and humidity Precipitation and wind Solar radiation and temperature Ground vibration and impact Animals Part 3: Classification of environmental parameters and their severity Fixed use in weather-protected locations Fixed use in unweather-protected locations Ground vehicles and equipment Ship environment Mobile and non-stationary use Number of equipment GR 4796 - 84
GB4797
Relatively variable national standard
Environmental parameters classification and severity classification of electrical and electronic products
Natural
Environmental conditions of electrical and electronic products
G13 4797. 1—H4
GB 4707. 2---86
Temperature and humidity
Adopt acne certificate
Non-equivalent
Altitude science and technology, seek depth and!
GB 4757.489 Solar radiation and temperature
G3 4797. 3-8G
GB4798
GB 4798. 10-
GL 4798.1—86
Application of electrical and electronic products
Environmental conditions
GH 4798. 2—84 ! Transportation
GB 4798.3—90
GB 4798. 4-- 90
GB 4798. 5—87
GB 4798.6--84
GB 4798. 7.- 87
Use color numbers to identify conductors GH 7947-8? Color marking for insulated conductors and bare conductors
Fixed use in weather-protected places
Fixed use in weather-free places
Use on ground vehicles
Portable and non-fixed use
Non-equivalent
Non-equivalent
Non-equivalent
Equivalent adoption
Color marking for insulated conductors and bare conductors, using
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