Some standard content:
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
50251-94
Design code for gas transmission pipeline engineering
1994—04—18
1994—11—01
1 Implementation
State Bureau of Technical Supervision
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
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Jointly Issued
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Design code for gas transmission pipeline engineering
Design code for gas transmission pipeline engineering
GB50251—94
Editor department: China National Petroleum CorporationApproval department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of ChinaEffective date: November 1, 1994
Engineering construction standard full text information system
Engineering construction standard full text information system
Notice on the release of the national standard "Engineering Design Code for Gas Pipelines"
Construction Standard [1994] No. 256
According to the requirements of the State Planning Commission's document No. 2390 [1987] and the Ministry of Construction's document No. 727 [1991], the national standard "Engineering Design Code for Gas Pipelines" compiled by China National Petroleum Corporation in conjunction with relevant departments has been reviewed by relevant departments. The "Engineering Design Code for Gas Pipelines" GB50251—94 is now approved as a mandatory national standard and will be implemented on November 1, 1994. This specification is managed by China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation, and its specific interpretation and other work is undertaken by Sichuan Design Institute of China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation. The publication and distribution is organized by the Standard and Quota Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
April 18, 1994
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3 Gas Transmission Technology
General Provisions
Technology Designbzxz.net
Technology Calculation
Safe Discharge of Gas Transmission Pipeline
Line Selection
Regional Classification
Pipeline Laying
.......
Setting of Shutoff Valve Width
Structural Design of Pipeline and Pipeline Accessories
Pipeline Strength and Stability Calculation
Pipeline Accessories
Gas Transmission Station
Principles of Gas Transmission Station Setting
Pressure regulation and metering design
Pigging design
Layout of compressor units and plant design principles Compressor station process and auxiliary systems
6.6 Selection of compressor units
Safety protection of compressor units
Pipelines within the station
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7 Monitoring and system scheduling
General provisions
System scheduling management
Controlled Station
8 Auxiliary production facilities
Water supply and drainage
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Welding and inspection, pigging and pressure testing
9.1 Welding and inspection
Pigging and pressure testing
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Appendix H
Appendix J
Technical calculation of gas pipelines
Calculation of axial stress and equivalent stress check of constrained buried straight pipe sections
Calculation of combined stress of elbows under the combined action of internal pressure and temperature difference
Design parameters for laying pipe conditions·
Pipeline accessories are composed of expansion joints Calculation of comprehensive stress caused by tee and opening reinforcement structure and calculation
Calculation of compressor shaft power
Type of pipe end welding joint
Terminology used in this specification
Additional explanation
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1.0.1 This specification is formulated to implement the relevant national policies and unified technical requirements in the design of gas pipeline projects, to achieve advanced technology, economic rationality, safety and applicability, and to ensure quality.
This specification is applicable to the design of onshore gas pipeline projects. This specification is not applicable to pipeline projects for the transportation of liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. 1.0.3 The design of gas pipeline engineering shall comply with the following principles: 1.0.3.1 Protect the environment, save energy, save land, and properly handle the relationship with railways, highways, etc.
Adopt advanced technology and strive to absorb new scientific and technological achievements at home and abroad; 1.0.3.2
Optimize the design plan, determine the economically reasonable gas transmission process and the best process parameters.
1.0.4 In addition to complying with this specification, the design of gas pipeline engineering shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant current national standards.
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2 Terms
2.0.1 Pipeline gas Pipeling gas
Natural gas and artificial gas transported to users through pipelines. 2.0.2 Gas transmission pipeline engineering Gas transmission Pipeline engineering Engineering that uses pipelines to transport natural gas or artificial gas. Generally includes: gas pipelines, gas transmission stations, pipeline crossings and auxiliary production facilities and other engineering contents. 2.0.3 Gas transmission station Gas transmission station is a general term for various process stations in gas pipeline projects. Generally, it includes gas transmission first station, gas transmission terminal station, gas compressor station, gas receiving station and gas distribution station. 2.0.4 Gas transmission first station Gas transmission first station The starting station of the gas pipeline. Generally, it has functions such as separation, pressure regulation, metering, and pipe cleaning. 2.0.5 Gas transmission last station Gas transmission last station The terminal station of the gas pipeline. Generally, it has functions such as separation, pressure regulation, metering, pipe cleaning, and gas distribution.
2.0.6 Gas receiving station Gas receiving station is a station set up along the gas pipeline to receive gas from the gas branch line. Generally, it has functions such as separation, pressure regulation, metering, and pipe cleaning. 2.0.7 Gas distribution station Gas distribution station is a station set up along the gas pipeline to distribute gas to users. Generally, it has functions such as separation, pressure regulation, metering, and pipe cleaning. 2.0.8 Compressor station A station set up along the gas pipeline for increasing the pressure of pipeline gas with a compressor. 2.0.9 Pipe auxiliaries Refers to pipe fittings, flanges, valves and assemblies, insulating flanges or insulating joints and other special pressure-bearing parts for pipelines.
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2.0.10 Pipe fittings
Refers to elbows, elbows, tees, reducers and pipe caps. 2.0.11 Gas transmission trunk line The main operating pipeline from the first gas transmission station to the last gas transmission station. 2.0.12 Gas transmission branch line The pipeline that inputs or outputs pipeline gas to the gas transmission trunk line. 2.0.13 Pipe laying with elastic bending Pipe laying with elastic bending deformation under the action of external force or deadweight, using this deformation to change the direction of the pipeline or adapt to the change of elevation. 2.0.14 Pigging system Pigging system is a complete set of equipment for removing condensate and sediment in the pipe. It includes pigs, pig sending and receiving tubes, pig indicators and pig tracers, etc. 2.0.15 Design pressure Designpressure Under the corresponding design temperature, the pressure value used to determine the wall thickness of the container or pipeline and the size of other components. When the pressure is the internal pressure of the container or pipeline, it is called the design internal pressure, and when it is the external pressure, it is called the design external pressure. 2.0.16 Design temperature Designtemperature The highest or lowest temperature that the shell (tube) wall or component metal may reach under the corresponding design pressure during the normal operation of the container or pipeline. 2.0.17 Pipeline gas temperature Pipelinegastemperature The flow temperature of the gas when it is transported in the pipeline. 2.0.18 Operating pressure Operatingpressure The pressure of the medium in a system under stable operating conditions. 2.0.19 Pressure relief and venting system Relief and blow-down system Facilities for collecting and treating combustible gases discharged during overpressure relief, emergency venting, and start-up, shutdown or maintenance. The pressure relief and venting system consists of pressure relief equipment (vent valve, pressure reducing valve, safety valve), collection pipelines and processing equipment (such as separation tanks, flares) or part of them.
2.0.20 Water dew point Dewpoint
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The temperature at which the first drop of water is precipitated from the gas under a certain pressure. Hydrocarbon dew point Hydrocarbon dew point
The temperature at which the first drop of liquid hydrocarbon is precipitated from the gas under a certain pressure. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Gas Transmission Technology
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The design transmission capacity of the gas transmission pipeline shall be calculated according to the annual maximum gas transmission volume specified in the design task book or contract, and the design annual working days shall be calculated as 350 days. 3.1.2 The gas entering the gas pipeline must be free of mechanical impurities; the water dew point should be 5°C lower than the lowest ambient temperature under the transportation conditions; the hydrocarbon dew point should be lower than or equal to the lowest ambient temperature; the hydrogen sulfide content in the gas should not be greater than 20 mg/m. When the gas being transported does not meet the above requirements, corresponding protective measures must be taken. 3.1.3 The design pressure of the gas pipeline should be determined after technical and economic comparison based on the optimal process parameters, gas source conditions, user needs, pipe quality, construction level and regional safety factors.
3.1.4 When the gas pipeline and its accessories have taken anti-corrosion measures in accordance with the requirements of the current national "Design Code for Anti-Corrosion Engineering of Steel Pipelines and Storage Tanks" and "Design Code for Compulsory Current Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines", the corrosion allowance of the pipe wall should not be increased. 3.1.5 Gas pipelines should be equipped with cleaning facilities. Pipeline internal coating technology should be adopted where conditions permit.
3.2 Process design
3.2.1 The process design should be determined after comprehensive analysis and technical and economic comparison based on the gas source conditions, transportation distance, transportation volume and user characteristics and requirements. 3.2.2 The process design should include the following main contents: 3.2.2.1 Determine the gas transmission process flow.
3.2.2.2 Determine the process parameters of the gas transmission station. 3.2.2.3 Determine the number of gas transmission stations and the distance between stations. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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3.2.2.4 Determine the diameter of the gas transmission pipeline, the design pressure and the station pressure ratio of the compressor station. 3.2.3 Pipeline gas transmission should make reasonable use of the gas source pressure. When boosting transmission is adopted, the station pressure ratio and station spacing of the compressor station should be reasonably selected. When using centrifugal compressor for boosting transmission, the station pressure ratio should be 1.2~1.5, and the station spacing should not be less than 100km. 3.2.4 The characteristics of the compressor station and the pipeline should be coordinated. Under normal gas transmission conditions, the compressor unit should work in the high-efficiency area. The number, selection and connection method of the compressor unit should be within the economical operation range and meet the requirements of process design parameters and operating conditions. 3.2.5 Gas quantity and pressure limiting facilities should be installed on the distribution gas pipeline of the distribution station with gas distribution function.
3.2.6 Gas quality monitoring facilities should be installed on the inlet pipeline of the first station of the gas pipeline and the gas receiving station.
3.2.7 The strength design of the gas pipeline should meet the requirements of operating conditions. 3.2.8 All gas stations should be equipped with cross-station bypass. Shut-off valves must be installed on the inlet and outlet pipelines. 3.3 Process calculations
3.3.1 The process design of the gas pipeline should have the following information: 3.3.1.1 The composition of the pipeline gas.
3.3.1.2 The number, location, gas supply and adjustable range of the gas source. 3.3.1.3 The pressure of the gas source and its range, the speed of pressure reduction and the duration of the upper pressure limit.
The number of users along the line has an impact on the gas supply pressure, gas supply volume and its changes. 3.3.2 The gas pipeline should be calculated according to the following formula: 3.3.2.1 When the relative height difference along the gas pipeline is 4h200m, it should be calculated according to the following formula:
v=1051[(PF-P)d5 a5
(3.3.2—1)
Wherein, qv is the flow rate of gas (P.=0.101325MPa,T=293K) (m/d); P1 is the starting pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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P2 is the end pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); d is the inner diameter of the gas pipeline (cm);
in is the hydraulic friction coefficient;
Z is the compressibility coefficient of gas;
4 is the relative density of gas;
T is the average temperature of gas (K); #
is the length of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (km). 3.3.2.2 When the relative height difference Ah along the gas pipeline is > 200m, it shall be calculated according to the following formula:
[Pi-P(1+ah)]a5
q=1051
[ZT[1+a+)]
(3.3.2-2)
wherein α is coefficient (m);
(3.3.2-3)
is the gas constant of air, under standard conditions, R. -287.1m2(s2.K)
is the elevation difference between the end point of the calculated section of the gas pipeline and the starting point of the calculated section 4h
is the number of branch sections calculated along the gas pipeline. The division of the calculation section is along the direction of the gas pipeline, starting from the starting point, when the relative height difference is less than 200m, it is divided into a calculation section; hi—the elevation of the end point of each calculation section (m); hi-1—the elevation of the starting point of each calculation section (m); Li—the length of each calculation section (km). 3.3.2.3 The hydraulic friction coefficient should be calculated according to the following formula: =-2.011g3.71a+
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
(3.3.2—4)
W2 The gas entering the gas pipeline must be free of mechanical impurities; the water dew point should be 5°C lower than the lowest ambient temperature under the transportation conditions; the hydrocarbon dew point should be lower than or equal to the lowest ambient temperature; the hydrogen sulfide content in the gas should not be greater than 20 mg/m. When the gas being transported does not meet the above requirements, corresponding protective measures must be taken. 3.1.3 The design pressure of the gas pipeline should be determined after technical and economic comparison based on the optimal process parameters, gas source conditions, user needs, pipe quality, construction level and regional safety factors.
3.1.4 When the gas pipeline and its accessories have taken anti-corrosion measures in accordance with the requirements of the current national "Design Code for Anti-Corrosion Engineering of Steel Pipelines and Storage Tanks" and "Design Code for Compulsory Current Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines", the corrosion allowance of the pipe wall should not be increased. 3.1.5 Gas pipelines should be equipped with cleaning facilities. Pipeline internal coating technology should be adopted where conditions permit.
3.2 Process design
3.2.1 The process design should be determined after comprehensive analysis and technical and economic comparison based on the gas source conditions, transportation distance, transportation volume and user characteristics and requirements. 3.2.2 The process design should include the following main contents: 3.2.2.1 Determine the gas transmission process flow.
3.2.2.2 Determine the process parameters of the gas transmission station. 3.2.2.3 Determine the number of gas transmission stations and the distance between stations. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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3.2.2.4 Determine the diameter of the gas transmission pipeline, the design pressure and the station pressure ratio of the compressor station. 3.2.3 Pipeline gas transmission should make reasonable use of the gas source pressure. When boosting transmission is adopted, the station pressure ratio and station spacing of the compressor station should be reasonably selected. When using centrifugal compressor for boosting transmission, the station pressure ratio should be 1.2~1.5, and the station spacing should not be less than 100km. 3.2.4 The characteristics of the compressor station and the pipeline should be coordinated. Under normal gas transmission conditions, the compressor unit should work in the high-efficiency area. The number, selection and connection method of the compressor unit should be within the economical operation range and meet the requirements of process design parameters and operating conditions. 3.2.5 Gas quantity and pressure limiting facilities should be installed on the distribution gas pipeline of the distribution station with gas distribution function.
3.2.6 Gas quality monitoring facilities should be installed on the inlet pipeline of the first station of the gas pipeline and the gas receiving station.
3.2.7 The strength design of the gas pipeline should meet the requirements of operating conditions. 3.2.8 All gas stations should be equipped with cross-station bypass. Shut-off valves must be installed on the inlet and outlet pipelines. 3.3 Process calculations
3.3.1 The process design of the gas pipeline should have the following information: 3.3.1.1 The composition of the pipeline gas.
3.3.1.2 The number, location, gas supply and adjustable range of the gas source. 3.3.1.3 The pressure of the gas source and its range, the speed of pressure reduction and the duration of the upper pressure limit.
The number of users along the line has an impact on the gas supply pressure, gas supply volume and its changes. 3.3.2 The gas pipeline should be calculated according to the following formula: 3.3.2.1 When the relative height difference along the gas pipeline is 4h200m, it should be calculated according to the following formula:
v=1051[(PF-P)d5 a5
(3.3.2—1)
Wherein, qv is the flow rate of gas (P.=0.101325MPa,T=293K) (m/d); P1 is the starting pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W.bzsoso.coI Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
P2 is the end pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); d is the inner diameter of the gas pipeline (cm);
in is the hydraulic friction coefficient;
Z is the compressibility coefficient of gas;
4 is the relative density of gas;
T is the average temperature of gas (K); #
is the length of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (km). 3.3.2.2 When the relative height difference Ah along the gas pipeline is > 200m, it shall be calculated according to the following formula:
[Pi-P(1+ah)]a5
q=1051
[ZT[1+a+)]
(3.3.2-2)
wherein α is coefficient (m);
(3.3.2-3)
is the gas constant of air, under standard conditions, R. -287.1m2(s2.K)
is the elevation difference between the end point of the calculated section of the gas pipeline and the starting point of the calculated section 4h
is the number of branch sections calculated along the gas pipeline. The division of the calculation section is along the direction of the gas pipeline, starting from the starting point, when the relative height difference is less than 200m, it is divided into a calculation section; hi—the elevation of the end point of each calculation section (m); hi-1—the elevation of the starting point of each calculation section (m); Li—the length of each calculation section (km). 3.3.2.3 The hydraulic friction coefficient should be calculated according to the following formula: =-2.011g3.71a+
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
(3.3.2—4)
W2 The gas entering the gas pipeline must be free of mechanical impurities; the water dew point should be 5°C lower than the lowest ambient temperature under the transportation conditions; the hydrocarbon dew point should be lower than or equal to the lowest ambient temperature; the hydrogen sulfide content in the gas should not be greater than 20 mg/m. When the gas being transported does not meet the above requirements, corresponding protective measures must be taken. 3.1.3 The design pressure of the gas pipeline should be determined after technical and economic comparison based on the optimal process parameters, gas source conditions, user needs, pipe quality, construction level and regional safety factors.
3.1.4 When the gas pipeline and its accessories have taken anti-corrosion measures in accordance with the requirements of the current national "Design Code for Anti-Corrosion Engineering of Steel Pipelines and Storage Tanks" and "Design Code for Compulsory Current Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines", the corrosion allowance of the pipe wall should not be increased. 3.1.5 Gas pipelines should be equipped with cleaning facilities. Pipeline internal coating technology should be adopted where conditions permit.
3.2 Process design
3.2.1 The process design should be determined after comprehensive analysis and technical and economic comparison based on the gas source conditions, transportation distance, transportation volume and user characteristics and requirements. 3.2.2 The process design should include the following main contents: 3.2.2.1 Determine the gas transmission process flow.
3.2.2.2 Determine the process parameters of the gas transmission station. 3.2.2.3 Determine the number of gas transmission stations and the distance between stations. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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3.2.2.4 Determine the diameter of the gas transmission pipeline, the design pressure and the station pressure ratio of the compressor station. 3.2.3 Pipeline gas transmission should make reasonable use of the gas source pressure. When boosting transmission is adopted, the station pressure ratio and station spacing of the compressor station should be reasonably selected. When using centrifugal compressor for boosting transmission, the station pressure ratio should be 1.2~1.5, and the station spacing should not be less than 100km. 3.2.4 The characteristics of the compressor station and the pipeline should be coordinated. Under normal gas transmission conditions, the compressor unit should work in the high-efficiency area. The number, selection and connection method of the compressor unit should be within the economical operation range and meet the requirements of process design parameters and operating conditions. 3.2.5 Gas quantity and pressure limiting facilities should be installed on the distribution gas pipeline of the distribution station with gas distribution function.
3.2.6 Gas quality monitoring facilities should be installed on the inlet pipeline of the first station of the gas pipeline and the gas receiving station.
3.2.7 The strength design of the gas pipeline should meet the requirements of operating conditions. 3.2.8 All gas stations should be equipped with cross-station bypass. Shut-off valves must be installed on the inlet and outlet pipelines. 3.3 Process calculations
3.3.1 The process design of the gas pipeline should have the following information: 3.3.1.1 The composition of the pipeline gas.
3.3.1.2 The number, location, gas supply and adjustable range of the gas source. 3.3.1.3 The pressure of the gas source and its range, the speed of pressure reduction and the duration of the upper pressure limit.
The number of users along the line has an impact on the gas supply pressure, gas supply volume and its changes. 3.3.2 The gas pipeline should be calculated according to the following formula: 3.3.2.1 When the relative height difference along the gas pipeline is 4h200m, it should be calculated according to the following formula:
v=1051[(PF-P)d5 a5
(3.3.2—1)
Wherein, qv is the flow rate of gas (P.=0.101325MPa,T=293K) (m/d); P1 is the starting pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W.bzsoso.coI Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
P2 is the end pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); d is the inner diameter of the gas pipeline (cm);
in is the hydraulic friction coefficient;
Z is the compressibility coefficient of gas;
4 is the relative density of gas;
T is the average temperature of gas (K); #
is the length of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (km). 3.3.2.2 When the relative height difference Ah along the gas pipeline is > 200m, it shall be calculated according to the following formula:
[Pi-P(1+ah)]a5
q=1051
[ZT[1+a+)]
(3.3.2-2)
wherein α is coefficient (m);
(3.3.2-3)
is the gas constant of air, under standard conditions, R. -287.1m2(s2.K)
is the elevation difference between the end point of the calculated section of the gas pipeline and the starting point of the calculated section 4h
is the number of branch sections calculated along the gas pipeline. The division of the calculation section is along the direction of the gas pipeline, starting from the starting point, when the relative height difference is less than 200m, it is divided into a calculation section; hi—the elevation of the end point of each calculation section (m); hi-1—the elevation of the starting point of each calculation section (m); Li—the length of each calculation section (km). 3.3.2.3 The hydraulic friction coefficient should be calculated according to the following formula: =-2.011g3.71a+
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
(3.3.2—4)
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P2——the terminal pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); d—the inner diameter of the gas pipeline (cm);
in——the hydraulic friction coefficient;
Z——the compressibility coefficient of the gas;
4——the relative density of the gas;
T—the average temperature of the gas (K)#
——the length of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (km). 3.3.2.2 When the relative height difference Ah along the gas pipeline is > 200m, it shall be calculated according to the following formula:
[Pi-P(1+ah)]a5
q=1051
[ZT[1+a+)]
(3.3.2-2)
wherein α is coefficient (m);
(3.3.2-3)
is the gas constant of air, under standard conditions, R. -287.1m2(s2.K)
is the elevation difference between the end point of the calculated section of the gas pipeline and the starting point of the calculated section 4h
is the number of branch sections calculated along the gas pipeline. The division of the calculation section is along the direction of the gas pipeline, starting from the starting point, when the relative height difference is less than 200m, it is divided into a calculation section; hi—the elevation of the end point of each calculation section (m); hi-1—the elevation of the starting point of each calculation section (m); Li—the length of each calculation section (km). 3.3.2.3 The hydraulic friction coefficient should be calculated according to the following formula: =-2.011g3.71a+
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
(3.3.2—4)
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P2——the terminal pressure (absolute) of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (MPa); d—the inner diameter of the gas pipeline (cm);
in——the hydraulic friction coefficient;
Z——the compressibility coefficient of the gas;
4——the relative density of the gas;
T—the average temperature of the gas (K)#
——the length of the calculated section of the gas pipeline (km). 3.3.2.2 When the relative height difference Ah along the gas pipeline is > 200m, it shall be calculated according to the following formula:
[Pi-P(1+ah)]a5
q=1051
[ZT[1+a+)]
(3.3.2-2)
wherein α is coefficient (m);
(3.3.2-3)
is the gas constant of air, under standard conditions, R. -287.1m2(s2.K)
is the elevation difference between the end point of the calculated section of the gas pipeline and the starting point of the calculated section 4h
is the number of branch sections calculated along the gas pipeline. The division of the calculation section is along the direction of the gas pipeline, starting from the starting point, when the relative height difference is less than 200m, it is divided into a calculation section; hi—the elevation of the end point of each calculation section (m); hi-1—the elevation of the starting point of each calculation section (m); Li—the length of each calculation section (km). 3.3.2.3 The hydraulic friction coefficient should be calculated according to the following formula: =-2.011g3.71a+
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(3.3.2—4)
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