GB 13801-1992 Pollutant emission limits and monitoring methods for fuel-fired cremators
Some standard content:
2
National Standards of the People's Republic of China
Pollutant emissions from fuel-fired cremators
Limit value and monitoring methods
Limit value and determination of pollutantsemission for diesel oil cremator theme content and scope of application
This standard specifies the limits and monitoring methods for pollutants emitted by fuel-fired cremators. This standard applies to fuel-fired cremation machines.
Quoted standards
GB8969
GB8970
Air quality
Determination of nitrogen oxides
Air quality
Sulfur dioxide Determination
GB9079 Test method for industrial furnace smoke GB9801 Air quality Determination of carbon monoxide 3 Fuel-fired cremator pollutant emission limits
3.1 Various pollutant limits
3.1.1 The flue pollutant emission concentration limits are listed in Table 1. Pollutant name
Value time
Smoke
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Carbon monoxide
Average peak value 1
any time"
average peak
any time
average peak
any time
average peak
any time
The State Administration of Technical Supervision approved the naphthylethylenediamine hydrochloride colorimetric method on November 16, 1992 | |tt||Table 1
Concentration limits, mg/m2
First class standard
15
30
5.0
6.0
5.0
6.0
200
300
Second level standard
50
100
15.0
25.0
25.0
40.0
800
1000
Level 3 standard
100
200
30.0
40.0
50.0
80.0
1000
1250
1993-05-01 Implementation||tt ||Pollutant name
Hydrogen sulfide
Ammonia
Value time
Average peak
Any time
Average peak|| tt||Any·time
GB13801-92
Continued Table 1
Concentration limit, mg/m
First class standard
1.5|| tt||3.0
1.5
3.0
Secondary standard
6.0
10.0
6.0
10.0|| tt | The average value of each parameter value tested during the test, but the *average peak value of smoke is the average value of 1 to 6 minutes and 15 to 20 minutes after entering the house.
2) "Any time" refers to the limit that cannot be exceeded in any sampling measurement. 3.1.2 The pollutant concentration limits in the cremation room are listed in Table 2. Table 2
Pollutant name
Total suspended particulates
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Carbon monoxide
Hydrogen sulfide
Nitrogen
Value time
Daily average
Any time
Daily average
Any time
Daily average||tt ||Any time
Daily average
Any time
Gan average
Any time
Daily average
Any time| |tt||3 The total emission limits of flue pollutants are listed in Table 3. 3.1.3
Liquidity limit, mg/m
First-class standard
0.35| |tt||1.00
0.10
0.35
0.08
0.15
4.00
10.00
0.20||tt ||0.50
0.20
0.50
Second-level standard recommendation
0.75
2.50
0.25
0.75|| tt||0.15
0.30
6.00
15.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
3.00||tt| |: com secondary standard
2.00
5.00
1.00
3.00
1.00
2.00
8.00|| tt||20.00
2.50
5.00
4.00
8.00
Pollutant name
Soot
Sulfur dioxide|| tt||Complex oxide
Carbon monoxide
Hydrogen sulfide
Ammonia
3.1.4 Smoke blackness value
GB13801-92||tt ||Table 3
Total limit, kg/h
First class standard
0.045
0.015
0.015
0.60| |tt||0. 004 5
0.0045
Secondary standard
0.150
0.045
0.075
2.40||tt| |0.0180
0.0180
Level 3 standard
0.300
0.090
0.150
3.00
0.0300||tt| | 0.0300 | Ringelmann Level 1. The continuous time shall not be greater than 20s. Secondary standard: Under normal operation conditions of a fuel-fired cremator, the exhaust smoke blackness should be Ringelmann Level 0: Under special conditions such as starting or cleaning the furnace, the exhaust smoke blackness should be less than Ringelmann Level 1. The continuous time cannot be greater than 60$. Level 3 standard: Under normal operating conditions, the exhaust smoke blackness of a fuel-fired cremator should be Ringelmann Level 1: Under special conditions such as starting or cleaning the furnace, the exhaust smoke blackness should be less than Level 2. Continuous time 60s. 3.1.5 The noise intensity limits generated by fuel-fired cremators are listed in Table 4. Table 4
Place
Point
Cremation room studio
Cremation room front hall
Cremation room exterior
Cremation field boundary|| tt||3.1.6 Odor limit in cremation room
No odor.
Test position
Central part
Central part
Part against the wall
Side
Boundary
Number of cremation machine working units
1Www.bzxZ.net
1
1
1
3.2 Division of applicable areas for fuel-fired cremation machines and levels of implementation standards 3.2.1 Large and medium-sized cities , open cities, tourist attractions and health resorts, etc. shall implement Class II or above standards. 3.2.2 Cities and rural areas shall implement Level 3 or above standards. 4 Fuel-fired cremator flue pollutant emission test method 4.1 Test purpose
Limit value dB(A)
73
68
60
50
Check whether the emissions of smoke, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur trioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and blackness from fuel-fired cremators comply with the provisions of 3.1.1, 3.1.3 and 3.1.4.
4.2 Test items
4.2.1 Flue gas flow rate and flow rate in flue gas discharge pipes. 4.2.2 The emission concentration and amount of smoke, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the flue gas of the flue gas emission pipeline. 4.2.3 Smoke blackness.
4.3 Test requirements
4.3.1 working conditions
GB13801-92
When there are more than one cremation machines using the same flue, the test should be performed on only one When the cremator is working, other cremators should stop working (the flue gate should be closed). The furnace temperature should be between 700 and 800°C during the test. Do not use stove hooks or other objects to turn the house over. The households selected for the test should exclude special households such as underage corpses, trendy households, and disabled households. 4.3.2 Sampling time
Each household is sampled once 1 minute and 15 minutes after entering the furnace. Each sampling time is 5 minutes. The average of the six measured emission concentrations and emission bases of the three corpses is the smoke. The final test results (average peak value), each household is sampled 15 minutes after entering the furnace, and the average value of the emission concentration and emission volume measured three times for the three households is carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia The final test result of gas (average peak value).
4.3.3 Measurement position
In principle, the measurement position should avoid being close to elbows and areas with sharp changes in cross-sectional shape. The measurement position should be within 10 meters away from elbows, joints, valves and other reducing pipe sections. The diameter is greater than 6 times in the downstream direction, and the diameter is greater than 3 times in the upstream direction. When the measurement site cannot meet the above requirements, the distance between the measurement section position and the elbow should not be less than 1.5 times the flue diameter. If it is a rectangular flue, the diameter D=2A·B/(A+B), A and B are the side lengths. || tt | Select the center of the section. The measuring points for parameter determination adopt the provisions of Article 5.3.2 in GB9079. 4.3.5 During the test, the industrial analysis data of the fuel and the amount of fuel under the test load should be provided. 4.4 Determination of flue gas parameters
4.4.1 Determination of flue gas temperature
The measuring instrument adopts a glass thermometer or an industrial thermocouple. 4.4.2 Determination of flue gas humidity
The dry and wet bulb method is used to measure the flue gas humidity. When measuring, attention should be paid to the insulation of the sampling tube. The moisture content of flue gas is calculated according to formula (1): Xsw = Pw-c (h+2: (B. + P) × 100B, +P
Where: The volume percentage of Surface flue gas pressure, Pa; P, flue gas static pressure at the measuring point, Pa;
r coefficient, value 0.00066;
B.—Atmospheric pressure at the test site, Pa. ||tt| |4.4.3 Measurement of flue gas pressure
.(1)
The flue gas pressure adopts a calibrated standard pitot tube or other calibrated non-standard pitot tube, equipped with a U-shaped pressure gauge or Measurement by tilt pressure gauge.
4.4.4 Determination of flue gas components and calculation of flue gas density 4.4.4.1 Determination of flue gas components using Austrian gas analyzer or oxygen meter 4.4.4.2 Wet smoke under standard conditions. The density of gas is calculated according to formula (2): r=
1
[(Mo,Xo, + McoXo+ Mn,Xn,+ Mco,Xco,)22.4
X(1 -Xsw)+MH,oXsw)
(2)
Where:
rn
Mo,,Mco,Mn,,Mco,,M,o| |tt||Xo,, Xoo, Molecular weight of steam: volume percentage of oxygen, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and carbon dioxide in dry flue gas; Xsw - same as formula (1).
4.4.4.3: The smoke density is calculated according to the formula (3>: r= r |t.
-density of wet flue gas under measurement condition, kg/m; temperature of flue gas under measurement, ℃.
4.4.4.4 The density of dry flue gas under standard condition is calculated according to formula (4). ：rn'
X
B.+P.
101325
(Mo,Xo,+MooXco+Mn,Xn,+Mco,Xco,)22.4| |tt||In the formula: rn'——Density of dry flue gas under standard condition, kg/m. 4.4.5 Calculation of flue gas flow rate and flow rate
4.4.5.1 Flue gas flow rate according to formula (5). Calculation: VK, | Flue gas dynamic pressure, Pa.
4.4.5.2 The flue gas flow rate under measurement conditions is calculated according to formula (6): 2P
Q=3600×F×V
: Q
F
Measure the wet flue gas flow rate under working conditions, m*/h; measure the cross-sectional area, m2.
4.4.5.3 The wet flue gas flow rate under standard conditions is as follows: (7) Calculation: B+P.
Q~=Q×
101325
where: Qn-
-wet flue gas flow rate under standard conditions, n /h. 4.4.5.4 The dry flue gas flow rate under standard conditions is calculated according to formula (8): 273
1+273
Qn' =Qn×(1Xw)
where: Q~
Dry flue gas flow rate under standard conditions, m/h
4.5 Test method for smoke
4.5.1 Determination of smoke concentration
4.5.1.1 Adopted Filtration weighting method.
4.5.1.2 The principle of isokinetic sampling is implemented. The method and instrument used are not limited, but the diameter of the sampling nozzle shall not be less than 4mm. 4.5.1.3
Where: c||tt| |The concentration of smoke and dust is calculated according to formula (9):
M
×106
V
The concentration of smoke and dust in the flue gas, mg/m;
M-
Amount of smoke and dust obtained from sampling, g;
V product--Dry flue gas sampling volume under standard conditions, L. 4.5.2 Calculation of smoke and dust emission concentration and emission volume (3)| |tt||(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)||tt ||4.5.2.1 The excess air coefficient is calculated according to formula (10): where: -
21二Xo
The oxygen percentage content measured in 4.4.4.1, %. 4.5.2.2 The smoke emission concentration is calculated according to formula (11): 2×
where: c——the smoke emission concentration after conversion to α, mg/m——the specified excess air coefficient, the value is 1.8. 4.5.2.3 The smoke and dust emission is calculated according to formula (12): G = c× Q × 10-6
where: G-smoke and dust emission, kg/h.
4.6 Carbon monoxide test method
4.6.1 Principle
(10)
·(11)
·(12)
-Carbon monoxide selectively absorbs infrared radiation centered on 4.5um, and the concentration of carbon monoxide is determined based on the absorption value. Water vapor interference--for the determination of oxidized carbon, water vapor needs to be removed from the sample. The minimum detection limit of this method is 1 mg/m, and the detection range is 1 to 1250 mg/m.
4.6.2 Reagents
4.6.2.1 National first-class carbon monoxide standard gas, the volume concentration is about 2/3 of the full scale of the instrument. 4.6.2.2 Zero gas (high purity nitrogen).
4.6.2.3 Calcium chloride.
4.6.2.4 Copper sulfate.
4.6.2.5 Iron oxide.
4.6.2.6 Graphite powder.
4.6.3 Instruments
Non-dispersive infrared carbon monoxide analyzer.
4.6.4 Measurement steps
4.6.4.1 Take more than 500 copper sulfate, 10.4g iron oxide and 10.4g graphite powder respectively, stir them into a paste with water and put them in the oven. Dry at 300~100℃ to make a chemical filter, which is used to remove interfering substances before the gas sample is fed into the instrument. Calcium chloride is also put into the dryer for dehumidification.
4.6.4.2 Inspect all parts of the instrument, connect the gas circuit and test for leaks, connect the power supply, and start the instrument in the specified sequence. 4.6.4.3 Introduce zero gas into the infrared gas analyzer at a flow rate of 0.5L/min. Adjust the zero point after the instrument indication is stable. The baseline drift of the recorder shall not exceed the specified value within 30 minutes. Then introduce the carbon dioxide standard gas into the infrared gas analyzer at a flow rate of 0.5L/min. After the instrument indication is stable, adjust the range. Finally, the measured gas with a flow rate of 0.5L/min is introduced into the infrared gas analyzer for continuous measurement and recording. 4.6.5 Result expression
4.6.5.1 If the instrument indicates ppm, convert the mass concentration according to formula (13): c = 1. 25 c
where c-
carbon monoxide emissions Concentration, mg/m;
.-Carbon oxide instrument indication value, ppm;
1.25 Conversion coefficient of carbon monoxide ppm and mg/m in standard state. 4.6.5.2 Carbon monoxide emissions are calculated according to formula (14): G = Qn' × c × 10-6
(13)
(14)
where: G-| |tt||Carbon monoxide emissions, kg/h.
4.6.6 Notes
GB13801-92
When the concentration of carbon monoxide in the measured gas exceeds 125 mg/m and the volume content of carbon dioxide is less than 10%, it will be caused by carbon dioxide interference. The error does not exceed 10%.
4.7 Determination of nitrogen oxides
4.7.1 Principle
Adopt the provisions of Chapter 1 of GB8969, the minimum detection limit is 1.5μg/50mL, and the detection range is 1~120mg/ m2. 4.7.2 Reagents
Reagents comply with the provisions of Chapter 2 of GB8969. 4.7.3 Instruments
4.7.3.1 Brown porous absorber tube.
4.7.3.2 Colorimetric tube with plug.
4.7.3.3 Double ball glass tube.
4.7.3.4 Flue gas sampling device.
4.7.3.5 Spectrophotometer. || tt | To airflow. 4.7.4.2 Sampling system
Select the absorption tube sampling system, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Absorption tube sampling system
1—filter material: 2—heated sampling tube; 3—bypass absorption bottle: 4—thermometer: 5—pressure gauge: 6—absorption tube; 7 flow meter; 8-Air pump 9-Qiandry bottle 4.7.4.3 The sampling tube and connecting tube should be made of clean and dry stainless steel, hard glass, ceramics, silicone rubber, quartz, fluororesin or fluorine rubber. The filter material is made of ten-dry alkali-free glass wool or silicate fiber. When sampling, the sampling tube must be heated to 140°C. 4.7.4.4 First connect the bypass absorption bottle to absorb the air in the sampling pipeline and make the filter material saturated with the sampling gas. Then replace it with a brown porous glass plate absorption tube filled with 50 ml of absorption liquid. The sampling tube and the absorption tube are indirectly oxidized. Collect a 1L gas sample at a flow rate of 0.2L/min. 4.7.5 Measurement steps
4.7.5.1 Drawing of standard curve
Take 6 25ml stoppered colorimetric tubes and prepare the standard series according to Table 5. Tube
No.
Sodium nitrite standard solution, mL
Absorption stock solution, mL
Water, ml
Nitrite content, 4g||tt ||0
0
20.00
5.00
0
GB13801-92
Table 5
1|| tt||0.25
20.00
4.75
5.0
Sodium nitrite standard series
2
0.50
20.00
4.50
10.0
3
0.75
20.00
4.25
15.0
4|| tt||1.00
20.00
4.00
20.0
5
1.50
20.00
3.50||tt| |30.00
After mixing the above tubes, place them away from direct sunlight for 15 minutes. At the wavelength of 540nm, use 0.5cm colorimetric III and use water as a reference to measure the absorbance. Draw a standard curve based on absorbance versus nitrite (NO=) content (ug). 4.7.5.2 After sampling, measure the absorbance of the reagent blank solution and sample solution according to the method of drawing the standard curve. If the absorbance of the sample solution exceeds the upper limit of the measurement, take an appropriate amount of the sample solution, dilute it with absorbent solution, mix evenly, and measure the absorbance. The dilution factor should be multiplied when calculating. But it can only be diluted up to 2 times.
4.7.6 Result expression
4.7.6.1 The nitrogen oxide emission concentration is calculated according to formula (15): W
Xn×2
0. 76 × Vd| |tt|| In the formula: c - nitrogen oxide emission concentration, mg/m\; 0.76 - the coefficient of conversion of NO (gas) to NO; (liquid); W - nitrite content of the final colorimetric sample solution, ugV—dry flue gas sampling volume under standard conditions, L; dilution factor of sample solution.
4.7.6.2 Nitrogen oxide emissions are calculated according to formula (16): G=Q×c×10-6
where: G-nitrogen oxide emissions, kg/h. 4.7.7 Precautions shall be based on the provisions of Chapter 7 of GB8969. 4.8 Determination of sulfur dioxide in flue gas
4.8.1 Principle
-(15)
·(16)
Adopt the provisions of Chapter 1 of GB8970, the minimum detection The output limit is 1.5#g/50mL, and the detection range is 1.5~108mg/m. 4.8.2 Reagents
Reagents comply with the provisions of Chapter 2 of GB8970. 4.8.3 Instruments
4.8.3.1 Colorless porous glass plate absorption tube.
4.8.3.2 Flue gas sampling device.
4.8.3.3 Spectrophotometer.
4.8.4 Sampling method
4.8.4.1 Sampling principles and sampling system shall comply with the provisions of 4.7.4.1 and 4.7.4.2. 4.8.4.2 The sampling pipe and connecting pipe should be made of clean and dry stainless steel, hard glass, quartz, ceramics, silicone rubber, fluororesin or fluorine rubber, vinyl chloride resin, polychlorinated rubber, and the filter material should be alkali-free glass wool or silicic acid. Fiber, emery. The sampling tube needs to be heated to 120°C during sampling. 4.8.4.3 First connect the bypass absorption bottle to absorb the air in the sampling pipeline and make the filter material saturated with the sampling gas. Then replace it with a colorless porous glass plate absorption tube containing 50mlGB13801-92
absorption liquid, and collect 1L gas sample at a flow rate of 0.2L/min. 4.8.4.4 During sampling, sample transportation and storage, direct sunlight should be avoided. If the sample is not analyzed on the same day, the sample must be stored in a refrigerator at 5°C, but the storage time shall not exceed 7 days. 4.8.5 Measurement steps
4.8.5.1 The standard curve is drawn in accordance with the provisions of Article 5.1 of GB8970. 4.8.5.2 Sample measurement
If there is turbidity in the sample, it should be removed by centrifugation, and the sample should be left for 20 minutes to allow ozone to decompose. Accurately transfer 5 mL of the sample solution in the absorption tube into the colorimetric tube, add 0.50 mL of ammonium nitrogen sulfonate solution, and shake well. Leave for 10 minutes to remove interference from nitrogen oxides. The following steps are the same as those for drawing the standard curve.
If the absorbance of the sample solution exceeds the upper limit of measurement, take an appropriate amount of sample solution, dilute it with absorbent solution, mix evenly, and measure the absorbance. The dilution factor should be multiplied when calculating, but it can only be diluted up to 2 times. 4.8.6 Result expression
4.8.6.1 The sulfur dioxide emission concentration is calculated according to formula (17): W
×10×n
Vd
In the formula: c sulfur dioxide emission Concentration, mg/m2: W - sulfur dioxide content in the final colorimetric sample solution, Vad - dry flue gas sampling volume under standard conditions, L: n - dilution factor of the sample solution.
4.8.6.2 Sulfur dioxide emissions are calculated according to formula (18): G = Qn' × c × 10-6
Where: G——Sulfur dioxide emissions, kg/h. 4.8.7 Precautions adopt the provisions of Chapter 7 of GB8970 4.9 Determination of hydrogen sulfide
4.9.1 Principle
+(17)
·(18)
Hydrogen sulfide is absorbed by the cadmium hydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol ammonium phosphate solution to generate a colloidal precipitate of cadmium sulfide. Polyvinyl alcohol ammonium phosphate can protect cadmium sulfide colloid. Isolate it from air and sunlight to reduce the oxidation and decomposition of sulfides. In sulfuric acid solution, sulfide ions react with p-nitrodimethylaniline solution and ferric chloride solution to generate methylene blue. According to the color depth, it is determined by spectrophotometry. The lowest detection limit of this method is 0.07μg/10mL, and the detection range is 0.07~20mg/m. 4.9.2 Reagents
Unless otherwise specified, analytical reagents and distilled water or water of equivalent purity that comply with national standards are used during analysis. 4.9.2.1 Absorption liquid: Weigh 4.3 grams of pickaxe sulfate (3CdSO,·8H.0), 0.30g of sodium hydroxide and 10.0g of polyvinyl alcohol ammonium phosphate, respectively, dissolve them in a small amount of water, and mix the three solutions together. Shake vigorously, mix well, and adjust the volume to 1000ml with water. The solution is a milky white suspension and can be stored in the refrigerator for one week. 4.9.2.2 Ferric chloride solution: Weigh 50g of ferric chloride (FeCl, ·6H,0), dissolve it in water, and adjust the volume to 50 mL. 4.9.2.3 Diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution: Weigh 20g of diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH), HPO, J, dissolve it in water, and adjust the volume to 50 mL. 4.9.2.4 Sodium thiosulfate standard solution, c(NazS.O:)=0.0100mol/L. The solution preparation and calibration method is as follows; weigh 25g sodium thiosulfate (Naz2S, 0:·5H.0) and dissolve it in 1000mL of newly boiled and cooled water, add 0.2g anhydrous sodium carbonate, and store it in a brown narrow-mouth bottle , and calibrate its concentration after leaving it for a week. If the solution appears turbid, it should be filtered. Calibration method: Take 25.00ml of potassium iodate standard solution, place it in a 250mL iodine flask, add 70mL of newly boiled and cooled water, add 1.0g of potassium iodide, shake until completely dissolved, then add 1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution 10.0 ml, cap the bottle immediately and shake the hook. exist
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