GB/T 5601-1985 Rules for inspection and testing of railway freight cars after assembly
Some standard content:
UDC625.24.001/.002
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB5601--85
Rules for inspecting and testing of freight car after completion of construction
1985-11-25 Issued
1086-09-01 Implementation
National Bureau of Standards
1 General Provisions
1.1 Scope of Application
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rules for inspecting and testing of freight car after completion of construction
This standard applies to the inspection and testing of new railway freight cars with a standard gauge of 1435mm after completion. New freight cars with non-standard gauges may refer to this standard for implementation. Matters not covered in this standard shall be agreed upon separately by the user and manufacturer departments. 1.2 Types of tests
This standard includes type tests, routine tests and line application assessment tests. UDC 625.24.001
GB5601-85
1.2.1 Type test
It is a comprehensive assessment of whether the basic parameters, structure and performance of the truck meet the design requirements. The test items are generally concentrated on 1 to 2 trucks.
1.2.2 Routine test
It is a routine inspection and test for each factory truck produced in batches to check its appearance, structure and performance. 1.2.3 Line application assessment test
It is an application assessment of the newly designed truck before it is formally identified and put into production. 1.3 Inspection and test items
1.3.1 Type tests of newly designed trucks should all be carried out according to the items in Table 1 (except for items that are not available in the vehicle model structure). 1.3.2 For new trucks with any of the following conditions, type tests shall be conducted. The test items shall be jointly agreed upon by the user and manufacturer departments according to the items in Table 1.
New trucks after transfer to another factory;
A truck with significant technical performance changes after mass production; b.
A truck that has been discontinued for a certain period of time after mass production (except for rotating production) and then remanufactured, it is necessary to reconfirm its performance. A truck that has been mass-produced, it is necessary to reconfirm its performance after a certain number of trucks have been produced. d.
1.3.3 In principle, all mass-produced trucks shall be routinely tested according to the items with "S" and "S*" symbols in Table 1 (except for items that are not available in the vehicle model structure). The items with "S*" symbols may be inspected according to the number of vehicles specified in this standard. 1.3.4 See Table 1 for inspection and test items.
Promulgated by the National Bureau of Standards on November 25, 1985
Implemented on September 1, 1986
Appearance inspection
Structural inspection
Limit inspection
Weight inspection
Body and turntable size inspection
Curve and hump passing inspection
Circuit inspection
Body leak inspection
Performance inspection kit
Air brake device
Basic brake device
Hand brake device
Hook and buffer device
Door device
Other devices
Static strength and vertical bending stiffness test
Vertical load test
Torsion test
Longitudinal force test
GB5601-85
Table 1 Inspection and test items
Representative load tests for this type of vehicle, such as tank internal pressure, top vehicle, side wall pressure test, etc.
Dynamic performance and impact test
Special test
Thermal insulation performance test
Empty vehicle static performance test
Ventilation energy test
Hydraulic system performance test
Line operation assessment test
Note: Routine test items:
T--Type test items;
S*Simplified routine test items.
2 Appearance inspection
Articles related to this item
Inspect the whole and parts of the goods without disassembly. 2.1 The structure, installation position, paint, piping, wiring, marking, etc. of the following components must comply with the current standards, design requirements and relevant technical regulations.
Bogie;
Car body and accessories;
Couple and buffer device;
Air brake, hand brake, basic brake device. GB5601-85
2.2 The connection status of the bolts, rivets and pins of each part must meet the requirements; the welding parts of each component should not have welding defects that do not meet the requirements.
3 Structural inspection
Structural inspection is an inspection of the general performance of the overall structure of the freight car. Unless otherwise specified, it should be carried out in an empty car state. 3.1 Clearance inspection
3.1.1 The purpose of the clearance inspection is to check whether the external dimensions of the freight car meet the relevant provisions of GB146.1-83 "Standard Gauge Railway Locomotive and Rolling Stock Limits".
3.1.2 When the vehicle is in the empty vehicle relief state, it shall slowly pass the limit frame on the straight road, and no part of it shall touch the limit frame. 3.1.3 All trial vehicles shall be inspected; for trucks that are officially put into production after appraisal or have major structural changes that affect the appearance, the first 5 vehicles of the first batch must be inspected; batch-produced vehicles can be randomly inspected, and the number of inspections shall be determined by the factory and the inspection parties through negotiation. 3.2 Weighing inspection
3.2.1 The weighing of the truck’s deadweight shall be carried out on a track scale that has been calibrated and qualified by the metrology department. 3.2.2 Place the vehicle after completion and cleaning on the track scale, unhook it, and observe the indication; if a dynamic electronic track scale is used, a locomotive can be driven slowly over the scale to record the indication (accurate to two decimal places in tons). 3.2.3 The measured deadweight of the truck shall be marked on the truck body. One decimal place can be taken when marking (the second decimal place shall be rounded according to the digital rounding rules). Each manufacturer can measure the deadweight of five trucks of the same model, the same materials and the same process, and mark the deadweight of the truck with the average value.
3.3 Inspection of car body and bogie dimensions
The following inspections should be carried out on a straight line with the brake device released. The inspection results should comply with the provisions of GB5600-85 "General Technical Conditions for Railway Freight Cars". Height of the centerline of the coupler;
The height difference between the two ends of the same end beam of the chassis and the rail surface; The offset of the side bearing of the bogie and the centerline of the side bearing; The vertical distance between the relative parts of the bogie and the chassis. 3.4 Curve and hump inspection
3.4.1 When the truck is slowly passing the minimum radius curve specified in the design, check the following items: The normal relative movement of each component should not be restricted; The connection device between the car body and the bogie (air hose, brake rod, etc.) and other parts should not collide or be damaged. The track should not be permanently deformed.
3.4.2 Freight cars passing through shunting humps should be inspected to ensure that they pass through shunting humps and vehicle reducers and do not exceed the limit checker of the vehicle reducer.
3.5 Circuit inspection
Freight cars with electrical devices should undergo the following inspections and tests: 3.5.1 Check the wiring status of each circuit to confirm that there is no wrong connection and good conductivity. 3.5.2 Confirm that the models and structural parameters of various circuit instruments, lamps, switches, etc. meet the design requirements. 3.5.3 Insulation resistance and insulation withstand voltage test (electrical components with a rated voltage below 100V should not be connected). 3.5.3.1 Insulation resistance inspection Use a 500V insulation resistance meter to measure the insulation resistance between each line of the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit and between each line and the ground (car body). The value shall not be lower than the requirements in Table 2. Electric
DC wiring
AC wiring
GB5601--85
Table 2 Insulation resistance value
Degrees, %
Note: Relative humidity 60% and 85% must correspond to 2MQ and 0.25 (0.38) M2 respectively, and the intermediate value is calculated by linear interpolation. >85
3.5.3.2 Insulation withstand voltage, the insulation withstand voltage test should be carried out after the insulation resistance inspection is qualified. The test voltage between the positive and negative lines of the main circuit and each line to the ground (car body) is 50Hz sinusoidal AC, and its value is: a.1000V for DC wiring;
b. 1500V for AC wiring.
During the test, the voltage should be equal to or less than half of the specified voltage, and then the voltage should be raised to the test voltage as quickly as possible and maintained for 1 minute. There should be no breakdown.
3.6 Car body leak inspection
The car body of the boxcar, insulation car, guard car, etc. should be subjected to artificial rainfall test in the form of rain. The test requirements and test results should comply with relevant standards or technical regulations.
Performance inspection
The working performance of various devices should be confirmed according to the following requirements. 4.1 Air brake device
4.1.1 Air brake test
After the vehicle is completed, each vehicle shall be subject to a single vehicle test in accordance with the provisions of TB1492--83 "Single vehicle test method for railway passenger and freight car brakes". The test results shall meet the relevant performance requirements specified. 4.1.2 Various instruments should indicate normal.
4.1.3 The relief valve, empty-load vehicle conversion device, emergency brake valve and various gates should function well. 4.2 Basic braking device
4.2.1 The installation of the basic braking device should meet the design requirements and confirm the following items. The bending, tension and other tests of the brake beam, each tie rod, etc. before assembly are qualified. The braking ratio and braking rate of the brake lever meet the design requirements (type test items). 4.2.2 When conducting the air brake single vehicle test, each basic braking part can work accurately. 4.3 Hand brake device
4.3.1 Confirm that the type of hand brake and the installation position meet the design requirements. 4.3.2 The hand brake is flexible and the shaft chain tightness margin must meet the relevant technical regulations. The braking and relief effects are good. 4.4 Coupler and buffer device
Confirm that the type and assembly of the coupler and buffer meet the design requirements. 4.4.1
4.4.2 Confirm that the three-state action (unlocked, locked, fully open) and anti-jump action of the coupler are in good condition. 4.4.3 The buffer capacity shall meet the design requirements (type test items). 4.5 Door device
The opening and closing actions of various types of sliding doors, side doors, bottom doors, etc. shall be good. The door gap of each type of vehicle shall meet the requirements of the general technical conditions of its vehicle model. At the type test port, if it is necessary to carry out a loading test on the door, it can be carried out in accordance with the relevant regulations of various types of doors. 4
4.6 Other devices
GB5601-85
When tested in accordance with the standards of each vehicle model specified separately, its performance is good. 5 Static strength and vertical bending stiffness test
A test to check the static strength and stiffness of the car body, bogie and main components. According to the relevant technical regulations and requirements of TB1335-78 "Railway Vehicle Strength Design and Test Evaluation Specification" and the vehicle static strength test evaluation method, vertical load, longitudinal force, torsion test and representative load test for this type of vehicle, such as top vehicle test, vehicle body pressure test, side wall pressure test, etc. When doing the vehicle static strength test under the above load, the stress generated in the vehicle structure load-bearing components is measured. In the vertical bending stiffness test, the vertical bending deformation of the vehicle body is measured and evaluated by the deflection span ratio (i.e. the ratio of the degree to the vehicle fixed distance). The results of the test and calculation, the stress and deformation shall not exceed the provisions of TB1335-78 or the design requirements. 6 Dynamic performance test and impact test
Dynamic performance test and impact test on designated vehicles. Its purpose is to check the stability, stability and dynamic strength of the vehicle.
6.1 Loading and testing are carried out according to the requirements of TB1335-78, GB5599-85 "Railway Vehicle Dynamic Performance Evaluation and Test Evaluation Specification" and the railway vehicle impact test method. 6.2 The vehicle dynamics test is carried out on the selected route. The maximum test speed of the vehicle should be 10 km/h higher than the construction speed. Before the test, the vehicle should be run-in for no less than 5,000 km. 6.3 The impact test should also determine the working conditions of the main components, side panels, doors, door locks and accessories, shafts, etc., the tightness of the fasteners of the undercarriage, the tightness of the cargo loading reinforcement device, etc. 7 Special tests
are tests conducted to check the special performance of the vehicle. According to the vehicle structure and performance requirements, the following tests can be conducted: thermal insulation performance test;
empty vehicle static performance test;
ventilation performance test;
hydraulic system performance test;
others.
The test results must meet the design requirements and relevant standards. 8 Line operation assessment test
All newly designed trucks should undergo line operation assessment tests before formal identification and production. 8.1 During the test period, trucks undergoing the application assessment test should only be subject to normal maintenance and repair. 8.2 Actual operating mileage or time of the application assessment test: Trucks undergoing small batch assessment should undergo an operation test of no less than 5,000 km or more than two months of delivery and use (which can be combined with a running-in test).
Trucks undergoing finalized assessment should undergo a trial operation of no less than 20×10 km or two years. 8.3 The operating conditions should be equivalent to those during formal use. The following information should be provided during the test:
operating section and interval;
running kilometers or time;
maximum speed; wwW.bzxz.Net
problems that occurred during operation (including problems that exceed normal maintenance work during temporary repairs and regular inspections) and their treatment. GB5601—85
During the operation test, the technical status of the vehicle and its components, whether it is convenient to operate the truck, etc. shall be measured. 8.4 After the operation assessment test, the operating truck shall be comprehensively inspected and measured. If necessary, it may be disassembled for inspection, and the wear, deformation, damage, corrosion and other adverse conditions of each part shall be recorded. Condition, and submit an application assessment report. Parts that have been mass-produced before being installed on the test vehicle (such as three-way valves, couplers, bogies, etc.), standard parts, and universal parts may not be included in the scope of assessment, but a conclusion should be drawn on their suitability for use. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways. This standard was drafted by the Standardization and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways. The main drafters of this standard are Wu Wenying and Shan Shiwei. Copyright reserved. No reproduction allowed.
Book number: 15169·1-3858
Price:
Heading 38-316 Other devices
GB5601-85
When tested according to the standards of each vehicle type specified separately, its performance is good. 5 Static strength and vertical bending stiffness test
A test to check the static strength and stiffness of the car body, bogie and main components. According to the relevant technical regulations and requirements of TB1335-78 "Railway Vehicle Strength Design and Test Evaluation Specification" and the vehicle static strength test evaluation method, vertical load, longitudinal force, torsion test and representative load tests for this type of vehicle, such as top car test, car body pressure test, side wall pressure test, etc., are carried out. When the vehicle static strength test under the above loads is carried out, the stress generated in the vehicle structural load-bearing components is measured. In the vertical bending stiffness test, the vertical bending deformation of the car body is measured and evaluated by the deflection span ratio (i.e. the ratio of the degree to the vehicle fixed distance). The results of the test and calculation, stress and deformation shall not exceed the provisions of TB1335-78 or the design requirements. 6 Dynamic performance test and impact test
Dynamic performance test and impact test on designated vehicles. The purpose is to check the vehicle's stability, stability and dynamic strength.
6.1 Loading and testing are carried out in accordance with the requirements of TB1335-78, GB5599-85 "Railway Vehicle Dynamic Performance Evaluation and Test Identification Specification" and railway vehicle impact test method. 6.2 Vehicle dynamic test is carried out on the selected line. The highest test speed of the vehicle should be 10km/h higher than the construction speed. Before the test, the vehicle should be run-in for no less than 5000km. 6.3 The impact test should also determine the working conditions of the main components, side panels, doors, door locks and accessories, shafts, etc., the tightening of the undercarriage fasteners, and the tightening degree of the cargo loading reinforcement device. 7 Special test
It is a test conducted to check the special performance of the vehicle. According to the vehicle structure and performance requirements, the following tests can be conducted: thermal insulation performance test;
empty vehicle static performance test;
ventilation performance test;
hydraulic system performance test;
others.
The test results must meet the design requirements and relevant standards. 8 Line operation assessment test
All newly designed trucks should undergo line operation assessment tests before formal appraisal and production. 8.1 During the test period, trucks undergoing operation assessment tests should, in principle, only undergo normal maintenance and repair. 8.2 Actual operating mileage or time of operation assessment tests: Trucks undergoing small-batch appraisals should undergo operation tests of no less than 5,000 km or more than two months of delivery and use (can be combined with running-in tests).
Trucks before finalization appraisals should undergo trial operation of no less than 20×10 km or two years. 8.3 The operating conditions should be equivalent to the conditions during formal use. The following information should be provided during the test:
operating section and interval;
running kilometers or time;
maximum speed;
problems that occurred during operation (including problems that exceed normal maintenance work during temporary repairs and regular inspections) and their treatment. GB5601—85
During the operation test, the technical status of the vehicle and its components, whether it is convenient to operate the truck, etc. shall be measured. 8.4 After the operation assessment test, the operating truck shall be comprehensively inspected and measured. If necessary, it may be disassembled for inspection, and the wear, deformation, damage, corrosion and other adverse conditions of each part shall be recorded. Condition, and submit an application assessment report. Parts that have been mass-produced before being installed on the test vehicle (such as three-way valves, couplers, bogies, etc.), standard parts, and universal parts may not be included in the scope of assessment, but a conclusion should be drawn on their suitability for use. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways. This standard was drafted by the Standardization and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways. The main drafters of this standard are Wu Wenying and Shan Shiwei. Copyright reserved. No reproduction allowed.
Book number: 15169·1-3858
Price:
Heading 38-316 Other devices
GB5601-85
When tested according to the standards of each vehicle type specified separately, its performance is good. 5 Static strength and vertical bending stiffness test
A test to check the static strength and stiffness of the car body, bogie and main components. According to the relevant technical regulations and requirements of TB1335-78 "Railway Vehicle Strength Design and Test Evaluation Specification" and the vehicle static strength test evaluation method, vertical load, longitudinal force, torsion test and representative load tests for this type of vehicle, such as top car test, car body pressure test, side wall pressure test, etc., are carried out. When the vehicle static strength test under the above loads is carried out, the stress generated in the vehicle structural load-bearing components is measured. In the vertical bending stiffness test, the vertical bending deformation of the car body is measured and evaluated by the deflection span ratio (i.e. the ratio of the degree to the vehicle fixed distance). The results of the test and calculation, stress and deformation shall not exceed the provisions of TB1335-78 or the design requirements. 6 Dynamic performance test and impact test
Dynamic performance test and impact test on designated vehicles. The purpose is to check the vehicle's stability, stability and dynamic strength.
6.1 Loading and testing are carried out in accordance with the requirements of TB1335-78, GB5599-85 "Railway Vehicle Dynamic Performance Evaluation and Test Identification Specification" and railway vehicle impact test method. 6.2 Vehicle dynamic test is carried out on the selected line. The highest test speed of the vehicle should be 10km/h higher than the construction speed. Before the test, the vehicle should be run-in for no less than 5000km. 6.3 The impact test should also determine the working conditions of the main components, side panels, doors, door locks and accessories, shafts, etc., the tightening of the undercarriage fasteners, and the tightening degree of the cargo loading reinforcement device. 7 Special test
It is a test conducted to check the special performance of the vehicle. According to the vehicle structure and performance requirements, the following tests can be conducted: thermal insulation performance test;
empty vehicle static performance test;
ventilation performance test;
hydraulic system performance test;
others.
The test results must meet the design requirements and relevant standards. 8 Line operation assessment test
All newly designed trucks should undergo line operation assessment tests before formal appraisal and production. 8.1 During the test period, trucks undergoing operation assessment tests should, in principle, only undergo normal maintenance and repair. 8.2 Actual operating mileage or time of operation assessment tests: Trucks undergoing small-batch appraisals should undergo operation tests of no less than 5,000 km or more than two months of delivery and use (can be combined with running-in tests).
Trucks before finalization appraisals should undergo trial operation of no less than 20×10 km or two years. 8.3 The operating conditions should be equivalent to the conditions during formal use. The following information should be provided during the test:
operating section and interval;
running kilometers or time;
maximum speed;
problems that occurred during operation (including problems that exceed normal maintenance work during temporary repairs and regular inspections) and their treatment. GB5601—85
During the operation test, the technical status of the vehicle and its components, whether it is convenient to operate the truck, etc. shall be measured. 8.4 After the operation assessment test, the operating truck shall be comprehensively inspected and measured. If necessary, it may be disassembled for inspection, and the wear, deformation, damage, corrosion and other adverse conditions of each part shall be recorded. Condition, and submit an application assessment report. Parts that have been mass-produced before being installed on the test vehicle (such as three-way valves, couplers, bogies, etc.), standard parts, and universal parts may not be included in the scope of assessment, but a conclusion should be drawn on their suitability for use. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways. This standard was drafted by the Standardization and Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways. The main drafters of this standard are Wu Wenying and Shan Shiwei. Copyright reserved. No reproduction allowed.
Book number: 15169·1-3858
Price:
Heading 38-31
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