GB 16895.21-2004 Electrical installations in buildings Part 4-41: Safety protection - Protection against electric shock
Some standard content:
ICs 91. 140. 50
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
CB 16895.21--2004/IEC 60364-4-41.2001 replaces GB 4821.1--1993
Electrical installations of buildings-Part 4-41 :Protection far safety-Protection against electric shock
Electrical installations of buildings-Part 4-41 :Protection far safety-Protection against electric shock shock (IEC60361-4-41:2001, IDT)
2004-05-14 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2005-02-01 Implementation
410 (400.1) Introduction
Normative references
(470) Application of protective measures against electric shock
Protection against both direct contact and indirect contact 111.1
SEIY And PEI.V
Protection of limited discharge energy
FELV system
Direct contact protection
Insulation of live parts
Fence or outer shielding
Blocking objects
Place outside the arm range
Additional protection with residual current protector
Contact protection!
Automatic power supply
Class II equipment or equivalent insulation
Non-conductive location·
Ungrounded local equipotential bonding protection.
Electrical distribution
References
Figure will extend the scope of application,
The longest disconnection time of TN system
Table 4.BIT system (second fault) maximum disconnection time table 4. (X48A) Maximum disconnection time
GB 16895.21—2004/IEC 60364-4-41:2D0114
All technical contents of this part of CB16895 are mandatoryGE 15835.212004/1RC: 60364-441+2001 This part is equivalent to IEC60364441:2001 (4th edition) Electrical installations of buildings Part 4-41: Safety protection against electric shock (English version). IEC60364-4-41.2001 (4th edition) is a combination of IEC60364-441, 1992 (3rd edition) and its 1996 and 1992 revisions, IEC60364-2-45:1981 (1st edition), IFC66364447:1381 (1st edition) and its 1993 first revision IEC60364-4-481:1993 (1st edition). This standard is written in a unified manner according to the 4-41 parts. In order to reflect the changes, the article numbers of the parts other than 4:41 are retained in brackets, such as 110.3.1.1 (170.1). This part adopts this numbering format. This part replaces (GB14821.1-1993 * Electric shock protection for electrical installations in buildings) This part has the following major changes compared to GB11821.1-1993: Added preface and introduction: The structure and numbering of the standard body are completely consistent with IEC50354-4-41:2091. The referenced documents are listed in 410.2 from 7 to 16. ); 2
Don't be too picky about the terminology of the 1993 edition (Chapter 3); Chapter 1 of the 1993 edition, General requirements for protection against electric shock, was replaced by 410.3: Application of protective measures against electric shock, and the technical content has been greatly increased (see 410.3):
Article 6.5 of the 1993 edition: Using residual current operated protectors as additional protection, was replaced by 112.5: Additional protection using residual current protectors, and the relevant content has been increased! 412.5.3 and three: 6) 7.1.5.5 of the 1993 edition is replaced by 413.1.3.5, and the text layout has some changes: 7) 7.1.3.9 of the 1993 edition is deleted: 8) 7.1.4.4 of the 1993 edition is replaced by 413.1.4.1, and two notes are added: 9) The requirements for external influence conditions in 413.1.7 are added: 10) References including 4 normative documents are added; 11) Appendix A and the 13th edition are deleted. This part is proposed by the China Electrical Equipment Industry Association. This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Installations in Buildings. The responsible drafting unit of this part: Mechanical Science Research Institute. The additional drafting units of this part: Mechanical Science Research Institute, China Light Industry Beijing Design Institute. The main drafters of this part: Li Shilin, Huang Miaoqing, Guo Ting. This part replaces the previous versions of the standard: GB 14821.1-1992
GB 16895.21-2004/IFC 60364-4-41:2001410(400.1)1 Introduction
This part of the National Electrical Installations Standard specifies the basic requirements for the protection of persons, animals and property from direct and indirect contact. 110.3 is concerned with the application and coordination of these requirements, including those related to various external influences. Protection can be provided by the following measures:
Protection measures for both direct and indirect contact A combination of direct contact protection measures and indirect contact protection measures. Protection measures for both direct and indirect contact protection are: SEI,V and PELV (4II.1);
Limited discharge energy (411.2) (under consideration) FELV (411.3).
The measures for direct contact protection are: bzxZ.net
Insulation of live parts (412.1)
Blocks or outer shielding (412.2):
Barriers (412.3);
Placing outside the reach of the arm (412.4)
The measures for indirect contact protection are:
Automatic power cut-off (113.1)
Class II equipment or equivalent insulation (413.2); Conductive places (4-3.3)
Ungrounded local equipotential bonding 413.4) Electrical separation (413.5).
The requirements for additional protection of quasi-direct connection with residual current protectors are given in 412.5. (Part 400.1, 2) The protection method can be used for a device, a part of a device or a piece of equipment. (403,1.3) The order of application of protection does not indicate their relative importance. 1) In this part, the numbers in brackets are from the previous flash numbering system 410.1 Scope
GB16895.21—2004/IEC60364-4-41:2001 Electrical installations of buildings
Part 4-41: Safety protection against electric shock This part of the series of standards "Electrical installations of buildings" specifies how to appropriately use the following measures to achieve protection against electric shock. -411 Protection against both direct contact and indirect contact -412 Protection against direct contact
-413 Protection against indirect contact
Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this part through reference in this part of 16895
. All subsequent amendments, including errata or revisions to dated references are not applicable to this part. However, parties that have reached an agreement on the use of the latest versions of these documents based on this part are encouraged to investigate whether they are applicable to this part. GB/T3805 The latest versions of undated references apply to this part. Limits of Extra Low Voltage (ELV) (idtIEC612011992) Low Voltage Complete Switchgear and Control Equipment (idtIECB0439 all parts) GB7251 (all parts) Technical Requirements for Isolation Transformers and Safety Isolation Transformers (eqIEC607421983) GB13028-19 GB16895.3 Protective conductor (idtIEC
GB16895.7
Electrical installations in buildings
Part 5: Selection and installation of electrical equipment 5-54:1980)
Electrical installations in buildings
Chapter 54: Grounding configuration and
Part 7: Requirements for special installations or locations
Electrical installations other than locations (dtIC60364-7-7041989) GB/T16895.18
rules (idtIEC60364-5-5
GB16916.1—199
Electrical installations of buildings
Section 704: Construction or demolition
Part 5: Selection and installation of electrical equipment Chapter 51: General rules
Residual current operated circuit breakers (RCCB) without overcurrent protection for household and similar purposes: General rules (idtIEC61
GB16917.11997
Residual medium current operated circuit breakers (RCBOSs) with overcurrent protection for household and similar purposes: General rules (idtIEC6100596)
Insulation coordination of equipment in the core household system||tt ||GB/T16935 (all parts)
Part 1
Part 1
Part: Requirements and tests (idtIEC60664) Protection against electric shock
GB/T17045—1997
GB/T18379-—2000
IEC60146-2.1999
Common parts for installations and equipment (dtIEC6140:1992) Voltage ranges for electrical installations in buildings (idtIEC60449:1973) Semiconductor converters
Part 2: Semiconductor converters including direct current converters IEC60364-6 (all parts)
IEC6036 4-7 (all parts)
IEC60364-7-705:1984
Electrical installations in horticultural buildings
Electrical installations in buildings
Part 6: Inspection
Electrical installations in buildings
Part 7: Requirements for special installations or locations Electrical installations in buildings Part 7: Requirements for special installations or locations Section 705: Agriculture and
IEC Guide 104: Preparation of safety publications and use of basic safety publications and group safety publications 1
GB16895.21—2004/IEC60364-4-41.2001410.3 (470) Application of protective measures against electric shock 410.3.1 General| |tt||410.3.1.1 (179.1) The requirements of 410.3 apply to each installation, part of an installation, and equipment. 410.3.1.2 (470.2) The protective measures selected and adopted based on external influence conditions shall comply with the provisions of 410.3.1. 410.3.1.3 (470.3) Protection shall be provided by:
Equipment itself:
--- Protective measures adopted in the installation: or
A combination of two or more,
410.3.1.4 (part of 470.1.2) If some conditions of a protective measure cannot be met, auxiliary measures shall be adopted to ensure that the degree of protection provided by the combined protective measures is the same as if those conditions were fully met. Flow: Examples of the use of this provision are given in 411.5
410.3.1.547.4) It shall be ensured that different protective measures applied to an installation or part of an installation do not adversely affect each other.
410.3.2 Application of direct contact protection measures 410.3.2.1 (471.1) All electrical equipment shall be protected against direct contact by one of the measures in 411 and 412. 410.3.2.2 (481.2.1) Protection of live parts by insulation (412.1) or by barriers or external guards (412.2) may be used under any external influence conditions.
410.3.2.3 (4S1.2.2) Protection by blocking (412.3) or by placing the protective measures beyond the reach of the arm (412.4) is permitted only under the conditions given in Part 7 of IEC 60364 (under consideration). 410.3.3 Application of indirect contact protection measures 410.3.3.1 (171.2.1) Except as provided in 410.3.3.5, all electrical equipment shall be protected against indirect contact by one of the measures provided in 411 and 413 and in accordance with the conditions of 413.3.3.2-410.3.3.4. 410.3.3.2 (471.2.1.1) The protection of automatic disconnection of the power supply (see 413.1) shall be applied to any equipment except those parts of the equipment protected by other measures. 410.3.3.3 (471.2.1.2) When the protection of automatic disconnection of the power supply in 413.1 is not possible or undesirable, some parts of the equipment shall be protected by non-conductive locations (418.3) or ungrounded local equipotential bonding (413.4). 410.3.3.4 (471.1.1.3) SELV (411.1), Class II equipment or equivalent insulation (413.2) and electrical separation (413.5) protection measures may be used for each device, in turn, for a certain device or certain parts of the device. 410.3.3.5 (471.2.2) The following equipment may omit contact protection: supports for overhead line insulators on walls outside the reach of the arm and metal parts connected to them (overhead line hardware): reinforced concrete insulators that cannot touch the steel bars: exposed conductive parts that are small in size (about 0m×50m) or because they are located so that they will not be touched or will not effectively contact a part of the human body: when it is difficult or unreliable to connect with the protective conductor; Note: This requirement applies to bolts, nails, and cables. Metal pipes or other metal sheaths used to protect equipment in accordance with 413.2. 410.3.4 Application of protective measures related to external influences 410.3.4.1 (481.1.1) The requirements of 410.3.1.2 indicate that the adoption of protective measures against electric field expansion specified in the technical part depends on the external influence conditions involved.
Note 1: Actually, only the following external influence conditions are relevant to the selection of electric shock protection measures: 1. RA: Human body potential:
--BH: Human body potential;
--BC: Human contact with ground potential,
GB 16895.21--2004/1EC 60364-4-41:2001Note 2: Other external influence conditions are actually not relevant to the selection and implementation of electric shock protection measures, but the selection of equipment should be considered (see Table 5.A of IEC364-51)
When several protective measures are allowed according to the known comprehensive influence, the most appropriate measure should be selected according to the site conditions and the characteristics of the relevant equipment. 410.3.4.2 (481.1.2)
Note: For special surfaces and special environments, the protective measures for disconnecting the power supply specified in 413. of IEC6C384-7.410.3.4.3 (part of 481.3.1) 413. are applicable to any device. 410.3.4.4.481.3.2) The protective measures for Class II equipment or equivalent insulation specified in 413.2 are applicable to any operating occasion except for certain restrictions given in IEC60364-7.
Juice: For safety reasons, it is important that the equipment is selected according to the external temperature conditions. 410.3.4.5 (481.3, 3) The protective measures for non-conductive places are allowed when the provisions of 413.3 are met. 410.3.4.6 (481.3.4) The protective measures of ungrounded local equipotential bonding are only allowed when the external influence condition is BC1.
410.3.4.7181.3.5 The protective measures of electrical separation can be used in all cases. However, in condition BC4, a transformer is limited to supplying one mobile device: 410.3.4.8 (481.3.6) The use of SELV in accordance with 411.1,4 or PFI.V in accordance with 111..5 is considered to be an indirect contact protection measure suitable for all locations.
91: In some cases, IFC..n4 limits the special voltage limit to V, 2 = V or 12V. Note 2: The use of FFLV requires additional indirect contact protection measures (see 111.3.3) 410.3.4.9 (481.3.7) In some installations or parts of installations, such as where people may be absent from water, the corresponding parts of IEC60364-7 require special protective measures. 411 Protection against both direct contact and indirect contact 411.1 SELY and PELV
411.1.1 Protection against electric shock can be considered to be provided when the following conditions are met: - the nominal voltage does not exceed the upper limit of the voltage range T (see GB/T18379); - it is powered by one of the power sources specified in 411.1.2; - it meets all the conditions of 411.1.3 and in addition satisfies one of the following conditions! 411.1.4 for ungrounded circuits (SV), or 411.1.4 for double-grounded circuits (PELV>5. Method 1, if the system is powered by other equipment, such as internal transformers, voltage dividers, conductors, etc., with a higher voltage system, the output circuit is considered to be an extension of the input circuit, and the protection spectrum of the input circuit should be purchased. Note 2: Under certain external influences, lower voltage limits may be required, see IFC60364-7 Note 3: In a current system containing a battery, the charging and charging voltage of the battery exceeds the rated voltage of the battery depending on the battery type. In this case, no protection measures other than those specified in this catalog are required. According to the environmental classification given in Table 380 of B1302, the charging voltage should not normally exceed 75 V AC or 50 V AC.
411.1.2 SELV or PELV power supply
411.1.2.1 Safety isolating transformer in accordance with B13028
411.1.2.2 Power supply with a safety level equivalent to that of the safety isolating transformer specified in 111.1.2.1 (e.g. electric generator with equivalent insulation windings).
Electrochemical power supply (e.g. medium voltage) or other power supply not related to higher voltage circuits (e.g. diesel generator)
Measures have been taken to ensure that even if an internal fault occurs, the voltage at the outgoing terminal does not exceed the value specified in 411.1.1
4T
The electronic device that meets the standard. If it can be ensured that the voltage at the outlet terminal is immediately reduced to the above value or lower when in direct contact, a higher voltage is allowed at the outlet terminal. Note 1: Examples of the above electrical appliances include insulation test equipment. 3
GB16895.212004/IEC60364-4-41:20D1 Note 2: When there is a higher voltage at the outlet terminal, if the outlet terminal voltage is within the limit specified in 411.1.1 when measured with a voltmeter with an internal resistance of at least 3000Ω, it can be considered to meet this requirement.
411.1.2.5 Portable power sources such as safety isolating transformers or electric generators shall be selected or installed in accordance with the protection requirements of Class II equipment or equivalent insulation (see 413.2).
411.1.3 Circuit layout
411.1.3.1 The live parts of SELV and PELV circuits shall be electrically separated from each other and from other circuits. The layout shall ensure that the level of electrical separation is not lower than the isolation level between the input and output circuits of the safety isolating transformer. Note 1: This provision does not exclude the isolation of PELV circuits from ground Connection (see 411.1.5) Note 2: In particular, it is necessary to have an isolation level not less than that between the input and output windings of the safety isolating transformer between the live parts of electrical equipment such as relays, contactors, and auxiliary switches and any part of the higher voltage circuit. Note 3: The DC voltage supplied by the flat conductor converter to SELV and PELV (see IEC60146-2) requires an internal AC voltage to supply the rectifier stack. This internal AC voltage is greater than the DC voltage for physical reasons. This internal AC circuit is not considered to be a higher voltage circuit in the sense of this clause. However, between the internal circuit and the external Between the higher power houses, it is necessary to set up protective separation of the circuit (according to 3.2.4 of GB/T170451997). 411.1.3.2 The loop conductor of each SELV and FPt system shall be separated from any other loop conductor in terms of layout. When this requirement cannot be achieved, the following configuration is required: In addition to the basic insulation, the LV and PELV loop conductors shall also be enclosed in a non-metallic sheath. The loop conductors with different voltages shall be separated by a grounded metal screen or a grounded metal sheath; Note: In the above configuration, the basic insulation of any conductor only needs to meet the voltage of the loop it is in. A voltage range loop may be contained in a multi-core cable or conductor group. However, the conductors of SELV and PELV loops shall be insulated individually or collectively according to the highest voltage present therein. 411.1.3.3 Plugs and sockets of SELV and PELV systems shall meet the following requirements: Can be plugged into sockets of other voltage systems: Can be plugged into plugs of other voltage systems: Sockets have protective conductor contacts. 411.1.4 For non-SELV loops, 411.1.4.1 411.1.4.2 The live parts of SELV loops shall not be connected to earth, live parts of other loops or protective conductors. External electrical parts shall not be intentionally connected to the following parts: earth, or
protective conductor or exposed conductive parts, or
other circuit ports
external conductive parts (except those to which the electrical equipment is originally required to be connected, and the voltage of these parts shall not reach a voltage higher than that specified in 411.1.1).
Note: If the exposed conductive parts of the SELV circuit are easily exposed to the exposed conductive parts of other circuits, the protection against electric shock no longer relies solely on SELV protection, but also on the protection measures adopted by the exposed conductive parts of other circuits that are easily exposed. 411.1.4.3
Implementation:
If the nominal voltage exceeds 25V ac RMS or 0V dc, direct contact protection shall be provided by the following methods: a fence or outer cover with a protection level of at least IP××B or IP2×: or insulation that can withstand a voltage withstand test of 500V ac RMS for 1 min. If the nominal voltage does not exceed 25 V rms for ac or 60 V for ripple-free dc, direct contact protection is not generally required, but may be required under certain external conditions (under consideration). Note: The term "ripple-free" is conventionally defined as a ripple content not exceeding 10% of the rms value of the sine wave voltage. The maximum peak voltage of a ripple-free dc system with a nominal voltage of 120 V does not exceed 140 V, and the maximum peak voltage of a ripple-free dc system with a nominal voltage of 60 V does not exceed 70 V. 411.1.5 Requirements for grounded loops (PELV) When the loop is grounded and SELV in accordance with 411.1.4 is not required, the requirements of 411.1.5.1 and 411.1.5.2 shall be met. 411.1.5.1 Direct contact protection shall be ensured by one of the following measures: 4
GB16895.21—2004/IEC60364-4-41:2001 Provide a barrier or outer covering with a protection level of at least IPXXB or IP2×. Use insulation capable of withstanding a voltage withstand test of 500 V ac RMS for 1 min. 411.1.5.2 Direct contact protection in accordance with 411.1.5.1 is not required when a total equipotential bonding is provided inside and outside the building in accordance with 413.1.2, the grounding arrangement of the PELV system and the exposed conductive parts are connected to the main grounding terminal by a protective conductor, and the nominal voltage does not exceed the following values:
25 V ac RMS or 60 V ripple-free dc when the equipment is normally used only in dry locations and it is not expected that human beings will come into contact with live parts over a large area;
-6 V ac RMS or 15 V ripple-free dc in all other cases. NOTE: Grounding of the loop may be achieved by appropriate grounding within the power supply itself. 411.2 Protection by limiting discharge energy
is under consideration.
411.3 FELV system
411.3.1 General
When for functional reasons the voltage of the Y section is greater than 100%, but all the requirements of SBLV or TELV in 411.1 cannot be met, or when SELV or P is not necessary, the auxiliary measures specified in 411.3.2 and 411.35 shall be used to ensure protection against both direct and indirect contact.
This combination of methods is called FELV.
Note: For example, when the circuit may contain equipment (such as transformers, relay remote switches, contactors) that are not adequately insulated from circuits with higher voltages, in this case direct contact protection
Direct contact protection shall be achieved by one of the following measures:
Installation of a fence or outer shield as specified in 12.2, or a minimum insulation voltage with the circuit required The test voltage is equivalent to the insulation. When the insulation of the equipment that is part of the circuit cannot withstand the test voltage required by the civil circuit during installation, the equipment can withstand the test voltage of 1500V AC RMS for 1min. Note: This voltage value may be reviewed later, which determines the result of the international standardization of the main low-voltage insulation coordination (in progress) 411.3.3 Indirect contact protection Indirect contact protection One of the following measures is implemented: Aigan set 413.1. When the automatic power cut-off is adopted, the exposed conductive parts of the equipment in the FLV circuit are connected to the protective conductor of the circuit: this does not exclude the connection of the live conductor in the FELV circuit with the protective conductor of the primary circuit. When the primary circuit adopts the electrical separation protection specified in Y, the exposed conductive parts of the equipment in the FELV circuit are connected to the ungrounded equipotential bonding conductor of the primary circuit. 411.3.4 Plugs and sockets Plugs and sockets of FELV circuits shall meet the following requirements: It shall not be possible to insert the plug into the socket of other voltage systems; the socket shall not be inserted by the plug of other voltage systems. 412. Protection against direct contact 412.1 Insulation of live parts Note 1: Insulation is used to prevent any contact with live parts. Live parts shall be completely covered with an insulating layer that can only be removed by destroying it. The insulation of factory-made equipment shall comply with the relevant standards of the electrical equipment. GB 16895.21—2004/IEC 60364-4-41:2001 Other equipment shall be provided with insulation which can withstand for a long time the various stresses to which it may be subjected in operation, such as mechanical, chemical, electrical flash and thermal stresses. In normal operation, paint, varnish, spray paint and the like alone cannot be considered to provide adequate insulation for protection against electric shock.
Insulation 2. The quality of insulation applied during installation should be approved by tests similar to those used to ensure the insulation quality of factory-made equipment. 412.2 Fences or outer shields
Note: Fences or outer shields are used to prevent any indirect contact with live parts. 412.2.1 Live parts shall be arranged in or behind outer shields with a degree of protection of at least IP××K or IP2×. The following exceptions apply: when replacing parts such as certain lamp holders, sockets or fuses, large openings are present, or when large openings are required to achieve the normal function of the equipment according to the relevant requirements of the equipment. In these cases: appropriate precautions should be taken to prevent people from accidentally touching live parts; and ensure that people are reminded that live parts may be touched through the openings and therefore should not be touched intentionally. 412.2.2 The top surface of the accessible fence or outer protection should have a protection level of at least [F××D or IP1×. 412.2.3 The fence and outer protection should be firmly positioned and have sufficient stability and durability to maintain the required protection level and be appropriately separated from the live parts under known normal operating conditions, taking into account relevant external influences. 412.2.4 When it is necessary to move the fence or the outer guard or to remove the parts of the outer guard, the following conditions shall be met: Use a key or tool, or
to disconnect the power supply to the live parts protected by the fence or outer guard: The power supply can only be restored after the fence or outer guard is replaced or closed again.
There is an intermediate fence with a protection level of at least IP×× or IP2× that can prevent contact with live parts. This fence can only be removed by using a key or tool.
412.3 Barriers
Note that barriers are used to prevent unintentional contact with live parts, but cannot prevent intentional contact with live parts through barriers. 412.3.1 Barriers should be able to prevent one of the following situations: unconscious contact with live parts, or
accidental contact with live parts when operating live equipment during normal operation. 412.3.2 The barrier may not be removed by a key or tool, but shall be properly secured to prevent it from being inadvertently removed. 412.4 Out of reach
Note! Guards placed out of reach only serve to prevent inadvertent contact with live parts. 412.4.1 Parts of different potentials that can be touched by direct contact shall not be within reach, except that two parts are considered to be simultaneously reachable if the distance between them does not exceed 2.5 (see Figure 41C). 412.4.2 If a barrier (such as a bar, net or reverse limit) with a protection level lower than IP××B or IP× is used in the horizontal direction in a position where people usually have people, the extension range should be calculated from the barrier. The arm extension range 2.5 above the head is calculated from the S surface, which does not consider any intermediate barriers with a protection level lower than IP×× or IP×. Note: The extension range value refers to the direct contact range without other auxiliary structures (such as special tools or peeling). 412.4.3 In places where large or long objects are held in hand under normal circumstances, The dimensions of those items should be taken into account when calculating the distances required by 412.4.1 and 412.4.2.
412.5 Additional protection using residual current protectors Note: Residual current protectors are only used for long-term direct contact with strong force. 412.5.1 Use residual current protectors with a rated residual current not exceeding 30,000.A. It is considered to be additional protection when other protective measures fail or when the user is negligent.
- Possible face:
Figure 41C Extension range
GB 16895.21—2004/IEC 60364-4-41:2001 Units: meters
Limit of reach of arm
Limit of reach of arm
412.5.2 The use of this appliance cannot be considered as the only protection level, and the requirements of the protection measures specified in 412.1 and 412.4 cannot be cancelled for this reason.
412.5.3 In places where protection is provided by automatic power cut-off. For outdoor sockets with a rated current not exceeding 20A, and sockets supplying power to outdoor mobile equipment, residual current protectors with a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30mA should be used for protection. Note 1: Before using mobile equipment outdoors, it is recommended to reasonably set up one or more sockets. Note 2: Other situations requiring a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30mA are described in 1FC1364-7. Note 3: In places where protection is provided by automatic power cut-off. In accordance with 412.5, it is recommended to use a residual current protector with a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30mA, and provide additional protection for sockets used by unskilled or untrained persons with a rated current not exceeding 2A. 3 Indirect contact protection
413.1 Automatic power cut-off
Note 1: In the event of a fault, the power supply may cause a dangerous physical effect on the human body due to the long duration of the fault (CB/T: 367C). Automatic power cut-off is necessary.
Note 2: This protection device must be compatible with the system grounding type and the characteristics of the protective conductor and protective electrical appliances. The derivation of the requirements for this protection method and the interpretation of the reference line from CB/T13873 are [EC/TR61200413. Note 3: The selection of direct sinking systems is considered in the next step. 413.1.1 General
Note: In 413.1. 413.1.5 The requirements of the types of grounding given in each clause of 413.1.5 shall comply with the general and practical requirements of 415.1.1.1 and 213.1.1.3. 413.1.1.1 Disconnection of power supply
When a fault occurs between a conductive part and an exposed conductive part or a protective conductor in a circuit or equipment: the indirect contact protection device shall automatically disconnect the power supply to the circuit equipment so that the duration of the expected contact voltage exceeding the average modulus value of 50V AC or the non-ripple DC value of 120V GB16895.21--2004/IFC60364-4-41.2001 on the conductive part 1 that is touched by the human body at the same time does not reach a risk of causing harmful pathological and physiological effects to the human body.
In some cases, depending on the type of grounding of the system, a disconnection time not exceeding 5s is permitted regardless of the contact voltage. NOTE 1: Disconnection times and voltages greater than the values required by this clause are permitted in power generation and distribution systems. Note 2: According to the relevant parts of IEC60364-7 and 413.3, shorter disconnection times and lower voltages may be required for some special installations and locations. Note 3: For IT systems, the passband does not require automatic power disconnection when the first fault occurs (see 413.1.5). Note 4: This requirement applies to AC and ripple-free DC power supplies between 15 Hz and 1000 Hz. Note 5: The term "ripple-free" is usually defined as a sinusoidal ripple content not exceeding 10% of the root mean square value; for a ripple-free DC power supply with a nominal voltage of 120 V, the maximum peak value does not exceed 140 V.
413.1.1.2 Grounding
Exposed conductive parts should be connected to the protective conductor according to the specific conditions of their system grounding type. Exposed conductive parts that can be touched at the same time should be connected to the same grounding system individually, in groups or together.
Conductor requirements, see GB16895.3
Note: For grounding configuration and protection
413.1.2 Equipotential bonding
413.1.2.1 Total equipotential bonding
In each building, the conductive parts shall be bonded and connected to the total equipotential bonding: the main protective conductor
the main earthing conductor
the main earthing terminal
the supply service pipelines in the building, such as the available metal structure parts of the gas pipes and water pipes, and the central heating and air conditioning system (if applicable). The conductive parts shall be bonded as close to the entry point as possible in the building. The total equipotential bonding conductor from the outside shall comply with GB16895.
The metal outer sheath of any communication cable shall be bonded to the equipotential bonding. However, the consent of the owner or operator of the cable shall be obtained. 413.1.2.2 Auxiliary equipotential bonding
11. If the conditions for automatic power cut-off specified in the regulations cannot be met, a local bonding referred to as 413413.1.6) in a device or part of a device shall be adopted.
For auxiliary equipotential bonding, see
. The bonding does not exclude the necessity of automatic power cut-off for other reasons such as fire protection, equipment overheating, etc. Note 1: The use of auxiliary
Note 2: Auxiliary equipotential bonding can be implemented in the entire device, part of the device, a set of equipment or a location. Note 3: For additional requirements for special locations, see G316895.3. 413.1.3TN system
413.1.3.1 The first conductive part of the device shall be connected to the grounding point of the power system through a protective conductor. The protective conductor shall be grounded at or near each related transformer or generator. The neutral point is the star point. If there is no neutral point or it cannot be approached, the grounding point of the power system shall be connected together.
Under the circumstances, it is not allowed to use the phase conductor as a PEN conductor (see 413.1.3.2). The root phase conductor is grounded. In any case
Note 1: If there is another reliable grounding connection, it is recommended that the protective conductor is also connected to it if possible. In order to ensure that the protective conductor can still be as close to the ground potential as possible in the event of a fault: it may be necessary to ground each additional point as evenly as possible. In large buildings such as high-rise buildings, additional grounding of the protective conductor is not possible for practical reasons. However, the equipotential bonding between the protective conductor and the external conductive parts has a similar effectiveness. Note 2: For the same reason, it is recommended that the protective conductor should be grounded when entering any building or house. 413.1.3.2 In fixed installations, if the requirements of 546.2 of GB16895.3-1997 are met, one conductor can be used as a protective conductor and a neutral conductor (PEN conductor) at the same time. The PEN conductor should not be isolated or disconnected. 413.1.3.3 When a fault with negligible impedance occurs between the phase conductor and the protective conductor or the exposed conductive part anywhere in the installation, the characteristics and loop impedance of the protective device (see 413.1.3.8) should enable it to automatically cut off the power supply within the specified time. The following conditions can meet this requirement:
佳情自意
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