Electronic imaging - Recommendations for the expungement of information recorded on write-once optical media
Some standard content:
ICS37.080
National Standardization Guiding Technical Document of the People's Republic of China GB/Z20648—2006
Electronic imaging
Recommendations for the expungement of information recorded on write-once optical media(ISO/TR12037:1998.MOD)
Published on December 5, 2006
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Digital anti-counterfeiting
KAONT KAca-
GB/Z20648-2006
GB/Z20648-2006 "Recommended methods for electronically erasing information recorded on write-once optical media" is modified to adopt ISO/TR12037.1998 "Recommended methods for electronically erasing information recorded on write-once optical media" (English version). This guidance technical document makes the following editorial changes to ISO/TR12037:1998: delete the monthly entry of ISO/TR12037:1998; delete the foreword of ISO/TR12037:1998 and compile the foreword of this guidance technical document; delete 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.9.3.14 and 3.18 in Chapter 3 Terms and Definitions of ISO/TR12037:1998. Other terms are reordered in order:
- Change "this technical report" in ISO/TR12037:1998 to "this guidance technical document"; - Modify the suspended paragraph in Chapter 4 of ISO/TR12037:1998 to "4.1\Overview, so the original 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 are changed to 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5; - Add GB/T20225-2006 "Electronic Imaging Vocabulary" to the normative reference documents. Appendix A and Appendix B of this guidance technical document are informative appendices. This guidance technical document is for reference only. Suggestions and opinions on this guidance technical document should be reflected to the standardization administrative department of the State Council.
This guidance technical document is provided by the National Institute of Standardization of Imaging Technology. This guidance technical document was proposed and coordinated by the Committee (SAC/TC86). This guidance technical document was drafted by the Seventh Branch of the National Technical Committee for Document Imaging Technology Standardization. The main drafters of this guidance technical document are: Chen Linrong, Ren Xujun, and Fu Weihua. This guidance technical document is published for the first time.
GB/Z220648-2006
This guidance technical document describes the procedures to be followed when erasing information recorded on write-once media according to a court order. The procedures involve the following technologies: write-once read-many technology (WORM), magneto-optical recording technology (MO), compact disc read-multiple memory technology (CD-ROM), recordable CDROM technology (CD-R) and optical tape technology. This guidance technical document is written for various public institutions, including These include: courts, court clerkships, law enforcement, social services, probation and parole agencies, juvenile services, schools, archives, and confidential records centers. Unlike magnetic or magneto-optical storage media, it is recognized that it is extremely difficult to change information on write-once media. In order to minimize the possibility that information recorded on write-once media will be rejected in court, this technical guidance document establishes guidelines to ensure that the same procedures are followed. For example, erasure by legal order, or erasure during file maintenance, if not performed and documented in accordance with appropriate procedures, may affect the likelihood that the recorded information will be admissible as evidence in court. Departments that follow erasure procedures should obtain full verification of the elimination of erased data through the manufacturer and the manufacturer's technical staff or suppliers. Users of write-once media systems should raise the issue of erasure before the system is implemented. Users of write-once optical media systems should further require manufacturers to demonstrate their erasure procedures and prepare a certification to ensure that index data recovery and image recovery cannot be performed after erasure. In addition, certification and demonstration are also required when hardware or software implementation upgrades are made to write-once optical media systems. Some write-once optical media systems have been implemented to make erasure difficult or impossible. Unless the information to be erased can be made indecipherable by hardware and/or software processing, the only method of erasure is to copy acceptable records (i.e., those that are not erased) from one disc to another, destroy the first disc containing the invalid records, and ensure that all appropriate indexes are updated to reflect the post-erasure situation. The update of index entries must ensure that there are no side effects on records that are not erased. The issue of index update is critical because, according to the erasure rules, once an erasure has occurred, it must be impossible to identify that an erasure has occurred. One of the methods of erasure that can be used is to configure a controlled software program that allows a record and any computer-based index identifying the record to be erased. It is recommended that such software programs provide the ability to rewrite selected records twice to reduce the possibility of reconstructing damaged information. Due to different implementation methods, the rewrite procedures may be different between manufacturers and suppliers of write-once optical media systems.
1 Scope
Electronic Imaging
Recommended Methods for Erasing Information Recorded on Write-Once Optical Media
KAONTKAca
CB/Z.20648—2006
This guidance technical document specifies the erasure of information and the documentation procedures that should be taken during the erasure process. Following the recommendations set out in this guidance technical document can ensure the consistency of the erasure execution. This guidance technical document applies to methods for erasing information recorded on write-once optical media pursuant to an order of a court or administrative agency.
2 Normative References
The provisions of the following documents become the provisions of this guidance technical document through reference in this guidance technical document. For all referenced documents with a date, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) and revisions are not applicable to this guidance technical document. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this guidance technical document are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these texts can be used. For all referenced documents without a date, the latest versions apply to this guidance technical document. GB/Z20649-200G Electronic Imaging Recommended Management Methods for Electronic Recording Systems of Documents Recording Evidence on WORM Optical Disks GB/T20225-2006 Electronic Imaging Vocabulary
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions established in GB/T20225-2006 apply to this guidance technical document. 3.1
Amendment
Correction or modification.
Bit-map
A method of representing an image by assigning a separate storage location to each pixel. 3.3
Capture
Recording data in a form and inputting it into a computer system. 3.4
document
A written document, picture, photograph, etc., used to convey information. Note: A document may consist of a single page or multiple pages. 3.5
(Computer) filefile
A collection of records.
imageimage
A single-page document stored in coded or bitmap form. I
GB/Z20648--2006
indexindex
A systematic guide to accessing the specific contents contained in a collection of information. Note: Whether an index may reside on write-once optical media depends on the specific circumstances of the implementation system. Records may be indexed manually or automatically.
informationinformation
Data that has been analyzed, interpreted, or compiled into a meaningful form. 3.9
Media
A medium used to store or display information and data. 3.10
Multi-function drive system
An optical drive that can use both write-once-read-many media and rewritable optical media. 3.11
Obliteration
A category of erasure that renders a record unreadable.12
pagepage
page (document management)Graphics and/or text presented on one side of a sheet of paper3.12.2
page(electronic data)
page(electronic data)
Information generated electronically or digitized from hard copy and stored between page breaks. 3.12.3
page(visual display unit)
page(visual display unit)
Information displayed on a screen, which may or may not correspond to a physical page. 3.13
recordrecord
Information recorded and retained by a department or agency in the course of its legal duties or in the conduct of its business affairs, regardless of the media or characteristics.
Ewrite-once-read-many system
Information system that writes once to optical media for data storage. 4 Recommendations on file integrity
4.1 Overview
When erasing information, the most basic requirement is to ensure the accuracy, completeness and legitimacy of the information to be erased and the information retained by the write-once optical media technology. Since the erasure must be documented with a formal record, the integrity of the file is best demonstrated by following routine operating procedures and establishing follow-up inspections (see GB/Z20649-2006). The follow-up inspection of erasure focuses on documenting the erasure process and describing the purpose and scope of each erasure action with documents. 2
4.2 Capture of court orders and change notices
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GB/Z20648-2006
If the court order contains information that can identify the erased file or reveal the original, the court order should not be captured and recorded on the write-once media. Only the change notice (see Appendix A) should be recorded. The change notice should include the corresponding reference number of the court order. 4.3 Physical Deletion of Images
Erasure may require that no trace of the original image be left after the information on the write-once media has been removed. The process for physically deleting a page (pages) or a record (records) will vary depending on the equipment used by each department. The deletion process requires that the original image of the record be rendered unreadable, generally by overwriting a corrected image. Index correction procedures should be demonstrated by the equipment manufacturer and supplier. Indexes stored on non-electronic media (paper and film) must also be corrected. This technical guidance does not address issues raised by non-digital (analog) index correction. 4.4 Rewriting of Optical Discs
Erasure may require that all indexes, pages, or files other than the erased record be rewritten to a new write-once medium. This process is called merging. When using this process, the old media and any associated indexes on that media must be physically destroyed, and the indexes stored in magnetic or analog formats need to be corrected. 4.5 Documentation
Documentation of the erasure process on write-once media includes the court order authorizing the change and notice of completion of the change. If possible, the court order and notice of the change should be written to the same write-once media as the original record. 5 Index
If an entire page or record is erased, remove all references to that page or record from the index. If the index has been copied, remove all references to that page or record from the index and re-copy the index. 6 Copy
Copies of the original write-once media and copies of the erased information should be destroyed or purged in accordance with court order. Records, indexes, or references to the original information that have not been corrected should not be retained on a copy of the write-once media or on copies of any other media (paper, magnetic, film, or digital optical).
GB/Z20648—2006
According to the court order
or according to the following official order
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Notice of Change (Example)
This information has been erased and destroyed from the write-once media by (Signature of the person performing the erasure) (Position)
(Department)
(Address)
(Court order number or court ruling)
(Name, position and office)
(Signature)
The write-once media index and the write-once media copy, as well as copies on any other media (paper, magnetic media, film or digital optical media), have been optically deciphered.
(Signature of person executing erasure)
(Position)
(Department)
(Address)
Describe the information to be erased (information protected by the court order must not be disclosed). 4
Appendix B
(Informative Appendix)
Notes to the Judge
YYKAONTKACa-
GB/Z20648—2006
As is well known, a court decision on an erasure order may be overturned by a higher court or re-examined by the original court that issued the order. The destruction of information on write-once optical media can be disastrous if further litigation requires the use of the original information that no longer exists.
For example, if information on write-once optical media has been destroyed or deleted in compliance with the original court order before the annulment order is issued, the records on the write-once optical media and the associated indexes will also be permanently lost. If the original has been destroyed during the work of the tape and after the image is captured in accordance with the relevant national regulations, the entire record is lost. GB/Z20648-2006
People's Republic of China
National Standardization Guidance Technical Document
Electronic Imaging
Recommended Method for Erasing Information Recorded on Write-once Optical Media
GB/Z20648—2006
Published and Distributed by China Standards Press
No. 16, Sanlihebei Street, Fuxingmenwai, Beijing
Postal Code: 100045
Website: spe.net.cn
Tel: 68523946685 17548
Printed by China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, distributed by Xinhua Bookstores all over the country
Format 880×12301/16
Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 13,000 words
First edition in March 2007
Second printing in March 2007
Book number: 155066·1-29138 Price 14.00 yuan Replaced by our publishing center
If there is any printing error
Copyright infringement will be investigated
Report phone: (010) 685335333 Physical Deletion of Images
Erasure may require that no trace of the original image be left after the information on the write-once media has been removed. The process for physically deleting a page (pages) or a record (records) will vary depending on the equipment used by each department. The deletion process requires that the original image of the record be rendered unreadable, generally by overwriting a corrected image. Index correction procedures should be demonstrated by the equipment manufacturer and supplier. Indexes stored on non-electronic media (paper and film) must also be corrected. This technical guidance does not address issues raised by non-digital (analog) index correction. 4.4 Rewriting of Optical Discs
Erasure may require that all indexes, pages, or files other than the erased record be rewritten to a new write-once medium, a process called merging. When using this procedure, the old media and any associated indexes on that media must be physically destroyed, and indexes stored in magnetic or analog formats need to be corrected. 4.5 Documentation
Documentation of the erasure process on write-once media includes the court order authorizing the change and notice of completion of the change. If possible, the court order and notice of the change should be written to the same write-once media as the original record. 5 Index
If an entire page or record is erased, remove all references to that page or record from the index. If the index has been copied, remove all references to that page or record from the index and re-copy the index. 6 Copy
Copies of the original write-once media and copies of the erased information should be destroyed or purged in accordance with court order. Records, indexes, or references to the original information that have not been corrected should not be retained on a copy of the write-once media or on copies of any other media (paper, magnetic, film, or digital optical).
GB/Z20648—2006
According to the court order
or according to the following official order
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Notice of Change (Example)
This information has been erased and destroyed from the write-once media by (Signature of the person performing the erasure) (Position)
(Department)
(Address)
(Court order number or court ruling)
(Name, position and office)
(Signature)
The write-once media index and the write-once media copy, as well as copies on any other media (paper, magnetic media, film or digital optical media), have been optically deciphered.
(Signature of person executing erasure)
(Position)
(Department)
(Address)
Describe the information to be erased (information protected by the court order must not be disclosed). 4
Appendix B
(Informative Appendix)
Notes to the Judge
YYKAONTKACa-
GB/Z20648—2006
As is well known, a court decision on an erasure order may be overturned by a higher court or re-examined by the original court that issued the order. The destruction of information on write-once optical media can be disastrous if further litigation requires the use of the original information that no longer exists.
For example, if information on write-once optical media has been destroyed or deleted in compliance with the original court order before the annulment order is issued, the records on the write-once optical media and the associated indexes will also be permanently lost. If the original has been destroyed during the work of the tape and after the image is captured in accordance with the relevant national regulations, the entire record is lost. GB/Z20648-2006
People's Republic of China
National Standardization Guidance Technical Document
Electronic Imaging
Recommended Method for Erasing Information Recorded on Write-once Optical Media
GB/Z20648—2006
Published and Distributed by China Standards Press
No. 16, Sanlihebei Street, Fuxingmenwai, Beijing
Postal Code: 100045
Website: spe.net.cn
Tel: 68523946685 17548
Printed by China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, distributed by Xinhua Bookstores all over the country
Format 880×12301/16
Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 13,000 words
First edition in March 2007
Second printing in March 2007
Book number: 155066·1-29138 Price 14.00 yuan Replaced by our publishing center
If there is any printing error
Copyright infringement will be investigatedwwW.bzxz.Net
Report phone: (010) 685335333 Physical Deletion of Images
Erasure may require that no trace of the original image be left after the information on the write-once media has been removed. The process for physically deleting a page (pages) or a record (records) will vary depending on the equipment used by each department. The deletion process requires that the original image of the record be rendered unreadable, generally by overwriting a corrected image. Index correction procedures should be demonstrated by the equipment manufacturer and supplier. Indexes stored on non-electronic media (paper and film) must also be corrected. This technical guidance does not address issues raised by non-digital (analog) index correction. 4.4 Rewriting of Optical Discs
Erasure may require that all indexes, pages, or files other than the erased record be rewritten to a new write-once medium, a process called merging. When using this procedure, the old media and any associated indexes on that media must be physically destroyed, and indexes stored in magnetic or analog formats need to be corrected. 4.5 Documentation
Documentation of the erasure process on write-once media includes the court order authorizing the change and notice of completion of the change. If possible, the court order and notice of the change should be written to the same write-once media as the original record. 5 Index
If an entire page or record is erased, remove all references to that page or record from the index. If the index has been copied, remove all references to that page or record from the index and re-copy the index. 6 Copy
Copies of the original write-once media and copies of the erased information should be destroyed or purged in accordance with court order. Records, indexes, or references to the original information that have not been corrected should not be retained on a copy of the write-once media or on copies of any other media (paper, magnetic, film, or digital optical).
GB/Z20648—2006
According to the court order
or according to the following official order
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Notice of Change (Example)
This information has been erased and destroyed from the write-once media by (Signature of the person performing the erasure) (Position)
(Department)
(Address)
(Court order number or court ruling)
(Name, position and office)
(Signature)
The write-once media index and the write-once media copy, as well as copies on any other media (paper, magnetic media, film or digital optical media), have been optically deciphered.
(Signature of person executing erasure)
(Position)
(Department)
(Address)
Describe the information to be erased (information protected by the court order must not be disclosed). 4
Appendix B
(Informative Appendix)
Notes to the Judge
YYKAONTKACa-
GB/Z20648—2006
As is well known, a court decision on an erasure order may be overturned by a higher court or re-examined by the original court that issued the order. The destruction of information on write-once optical media can be disastrous if further litigation requires the use of the original information that no longer exists.
For example, if information on write-once optical media has been destroyed or deleted in compliance with the original court order before the annulment order is issued, the records on the write-once optical media and the associated indexes will also be permanently lost. If the original has been destroyed during the work of the tape and after the image is captured in accordance with the relevant national regulations, the entire record is lost. GB/Z20648-2006
People's Republic of China
National Standardization Guidance Technical Document
Electronic Imaging
Recommended Method for Erasing Information Recorded on Write-once Optical Media
GB/Z20648—2006
Published and Distributed by China Standards Press
No. 16, Sanlihebei Street, Fuxingmenwai, Beijing
Postal Code: 100045
Website: spe.net.cn
Tel: 68523946685 17548
Printed by China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, distributed by Xinhua Bookstores all over the country
Format 880×12301/16
Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 13,000 words
First edition in March 2007
Second printing in March 2007
Book number: 155066·1-29138 Price 14.00 yuan Replaced by our publishing center
If there is any printing error
Copyright infringement will be investigated
Report phone: (010) 68533533cn
Tel: 6852394668517548
Printed by Anhuangdao Printing Factory of China Standard Press and distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format 880×12301/16
Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 13,000 words
First edition in March 2007
Second printing in March 2007
Book number: 155066·1-29138 Price 14.00 yuan Replaced by our publishing center
If there is any printing error
Copyright infringement will be investigated
Report telephone: (010)68533533cn
Tel: 6852394668517548
Printed by Anhuangdao Printing Factory of China Standard Press and distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format 880×12301/16
Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 13,000 words
First edition in March 2007
Second printing in March 2007
Book number: 155066·1-29138 Price 14.00 yuan Replaced by our publishing center
If there is any printing error
Copyright infringement will be investigated
Report telephone: (010)68533533
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