Guide for STANDARDization--Part 1:STANDARDization and related activities--General vocabulary
Some standard content:
ICS 01.120
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 20000. .---2002
Replaces GB/T 3935.1—1996
Guide for standardization-
Part 1:
General vocabulary for standardization and related activities
Guide for standardization-
Part 1: Standardization and related activities-General vocabulary(ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, Standardization and related activitiesGeneral vocabulary,MOD)
Promulgated on 2002-06-20
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on 2003-01-01
GB/T 20000.1—2002
GB/T20000 "Guide to Standardization" is divided into the following parts:-…Part 1: General vocabulary for standardization and related activities; (published)---Part 2: Rules for adopting international standards; (published)---Part 3·References;
Part 4: Safety-related contents in standards; Part 5: Environmental-related contents in product standards. This part is Part 1 of GB/T20000. This part is modified to adopt ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 "General vocabulary for standardization and related activities" (English version). This part is redrafted based on ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996. This part of ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 is numbered as Chapter 1 according to the rules of GB/T 1.1-2000. At the same time, Chapter 2 "Terms and Definitions" is set up to group the terms and definitions after the "Scope" chapter in ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 into this Chapter 2. Therefore, the numbering of the terminology items in this part is the numbering of the chapters and items in ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 with "2" added before it. For example, 1.1 in ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 is numbered as 2.1.1 in this part. This part Compared with ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, there are the following technical differences: - This part deletes the term "mandatory standard" and its definition in 11.4 of ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996. This is because this term and its definition are easily confused with the concept of "mandatory standard" in my country, and are inconsistent with the definition of "standard" in the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT).
--This part deletes the rejected term "domain of standardization" in 1.3, the rejected term "environmental protection" in 2.7, and the rejected term "mandatory requirement" in 7.5.1 in ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996. In my country, these three terms have never been used as synonyms for their corresponding priority terms (see 2.1.3, 2.2.7 and 2.7.5.1 of this part), so there is no problem of rejection.
----This part deletes Note 3 of 3.4, Note 10.1, Note 2 of 12.2, Note 12.5, Note 13.1.1 and Note 14.1 in ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996. The notes of these terms are about the application of these terms in languages other than Chinese, which is meaningless to this part.
-·This part deletes the notes of 1.6.3 and 1.6.4 in ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, and slightly modifies these two notes (changing them to describe each sub-level from the perspective of the entire "standardization level") and adds them to 2.1.6 of this part. This is because adding notes to the entire "standardization level" is more conducive to understanding.
This part adds a note under the title of 2.12 "Conformity assessment" to explain that in my country, the term "conformity assessment" has another permitted term "conformity assessment" and the usage of these two terms. This part adds a note in 2.10.1 and 2.11.4 respectively to explain the application of these two terms and definitions in my country. …. This part adds a note on my country's industry standards in the note of 2.3.2.1 to suit my country's situation. For ease of use, this part also makes the following editorial changes to ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996: a) "This Guide" is changed to "This Part"; b) The foreword of ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 is deleted, and the introduction of ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 is modified; c) The word "international" in 10.2.1 and 10.2.2 of ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 is deleted. This part replaces GB/T3935.1-~-1996 "General terminology in standardization and related fields Part 1: Basic terms". The main changes of this part compared with GB/T 3935.1-1996 are as follows: - Adjust the terms and definitions of "certification system" in GB/T 3935.1-1996 to the terms and definitions of "conformity assessment system" (2.12.1 to 2.12.8 of this part; 2.14.1 to 2.14.3 and 2.14.10 to 2.14.12 of GB/T 3935.1-1996); - Add the terms and definitions of "accreditation system" (2.17 of this part); GB/T 20000.1 -2002
---Deleted the terms and definitions of "accreditation of testing laboratories" in GB/T3935.1-1996 (2.16 in GB/T3935.1--1996).
GB/T20000 is one of the national standards in the series of guidelines, instructions and writing rules for standardization work. The following lists the expected structure of these national standards and their corresponding international standards, guidelines, instructions, and national standards to be replaced: a) GB/T1 "Guidelines for Standardization Work", divided into: Part 1: Structure and writing rules of standards (ISO/IEC Guide Part 3, replacing GB/T1.1--1993, GB/T1.2-1996); (published)
Part 2: Methods for determining the content of normative technical elements in standards (ISO/IEC Guide Part 2, replacing GB/T 1.3--1997, GB/T 1.7--1988); (published) Part 3: Technical work procedures (ISO/IEC Guide Part 1, replacing GB/T16733-1997). b) GB/T20000 "Guide to standardization work", divided into; - Part 1: Common vocabulary for standardization and related activities (ISO/IEC Guide 2 replaces GB/T3935.1-1996); (published)
Part 2: Rules for adopting international standards (ISO/IFC Guide 21); (published) - Part 3: Reference documents (ISO/IEC Guide 15, replacing GB/T1.22-1993); - Part 4: Safety-related contents in standards (ISO/IEC Guide 51); - Part 5 ：Contents related to the environment in product standards (ISO/IEC Guide 64). c) GB/T20001 "Rules for Writing Standards", divided into: - Part 1: Terminology (ISO10241, replacing GB/T1.6~-1997); (published) - Part 2: Symbols (replacing GB/T1.5--1988); (published) - Part 3: Information Classification and Coding (replacing GB/T7026-1986); (published) Part 4: Chemical Analysis Methods (ISO78-2, replacing GB/T1.4-1988). (published) This part was proposed by the China Standards Research Center. This part is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Principles and Methods Direct Working Group of the State Administration of Standardization (CSBTS/WG3). Drafting units of this part: China Standards Research Center, China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment, China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute. The main drafters of this part: Feng Zhenghu, Bai Dianyi, Xu Yougang, Lu Xilin, Quan Ru, Liu Shenzhai. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this part are: GB/T3935.1--1983, GB/T3935.1-1996. 225
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This part of GB/T 20000 was prepared with the aim of promoting mutual understanding between bodies engaged in standardization work and to provide an appropriate basis for teaching and reference.
The reader is particularly reminded that this part does not repeat the definitions of terms that are defined in other authoritative vocabularies. The definition of the term standardization (see 2.1.1) should be understood in conjunction with the definition of standard (see 2.3.2) and the definition of consensus (see 2.1.7). Terms that express more specific concepts can often be combined with terms that express more general concepts. The latter type of terms therefore form "building blocks", and this part adopts this approach to the selection of terms and the writing of definitions. In this way, additional terms can be easily constructed according to the framework of this part. For example, a safety standard can be defined as a standard (see 2.3.2) for a state free from unacceptable risk of harm (see the definition of safety in 2.2.5). The words "(...)" in brackets in some terms may be omitted without causing confusion. The definitions in this part of the Standard are written to be as concise as possible. When the terms defined in this part appear in other definitions, these terms are printed in bold.
Notes to some definitions provide further clarification, explanation and examples to help clear understanding of the concepts referred to. 226
1 Scope
Guidelines for Standardization
Part 1: General vocabulary for standardization and related activities
GB/T 20000. 1—2002
This part of GB/T 20000 gives general terms and definitions related to standardization and related activities. This part applies to standardization, certification and laboratory accreditation and other related fields. 2 Terms and definitions
2.1 Standardization
Standardization
The activity of formulating common and repetitive terms for real or potential problems in order to obtain the best order within a certain scope. Note 1: The above activities mainly include the process of preparing, publishing and implementing standards. NOTE 2 The main purpose of standardization is to improve the suitability of products, processes or services for their intended purpose, to prevent trade barriers and to promote technical cooperation. 2.1.2
subject of standardization
subject to be standardized.
NOTE 1 The expression "product, process or service" used in this part of ISO 14001 contains a broad understanding of the subject of standardization and should be understood to include, for example, materials, components, equipment, systems, interfaces, protocols, procedures, functions, methods or activities. NOTE 2 Standardization can be limited to specific aspects of any subject, for example, the size and durability of shoes can be standardized separately. 2.1.3
field of standardization a group of related subjects of standardization.
NOTE For example, engineering, transport, agriculture, as well as quantities and units can be considered as fields of standardization. 2.1.4
state of the art the degree of development of the technical capabilities of a product, process or service over a certain period of time, as determined by the combined results of relevant science, technology and experience. 2.1.5
acknowledged rule of technology recognized technical rules
Technical provisions that are recognized by the majority of representative experts and reflect the latest technical level. Note: Normative documents on technical objects can be regarded as recognized technical rules when they are approved if they are prepared in cooperation with the parties concerned through discussion and consensus procedures.
Level of standardization The scope of the geographical, political or economic area involved in standardization. Note: Standardization can be carried out at the global, regional or national level. Within a country or a region of a country, standardization can also be carried out at an industry or department (such as government departments), local level, industry association or enterprise level, and even in workshops and business offices. 227
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2. 1. 6. 1
International standardizationInternational standardizationStandardization in which relevant bodies of all countries may participate2.1.6.2
Regional standardizationRegional standardizationStandardization in which relevant bodies of countries within a certain geographical, political or economic region of the world may participate only. 2.1.6.3
National standardization
National standardization
Standardization carried out at the national level.
Provincial standardization
Local standardization
Standardization carried out at the level of a region of a country. 2.1.7
Consensus
ConsensusGeneral agreement, characterized by the fact that there are no persistent objections to substantive issues and that the views of the relevant parties have been studied and disputes have been coordinated in accordance with procedures. Note: Consensus does not mean that there are no objections. 2.2 Purpose of standardization
Note: The general purpose of standardization is based on the definition in 2.1.1. Standardization may have one or more specific purposes, to make products, processes or services fit for purpose. Such purposes may include variety control, usability, compatibility, interchangeability, health, safety, environmental protection, product protection, mutual understanding, economic efficiency, trade, etc.
Fitnessforpurpose
The ability of a product, process or service to be fit for a specified purpose under specific conditions. 2.2.2
compatibility
Compatibility
The ability of a number of products, processes or services to be used together under specific conditions, each meeting the requirements of the other without causing unacceptable interference with the other.
Interchangeability
The ability of a product, process or service to replace another product, process or service and meet the same requirements. NOTE: Interchangeability in terms of function is called "functional interchangeability" and interchangeability in terms of measurement is called "metric interchangeability". 2.2.4
Variety control
The selection of the optimal number of specifications or types of products, processes or services in order to meet the dominant needs. Note: Variety control usually refers to the reduction of variety. 2.2.5
Safety
The state of being free from unacceptable risk of damage. Note: Standardization considers the safety of products, processes or services, usually with an eye to achieving the best balance of several factors, including non-technical factors such as human behavior, to eliminate the avoidable risk of damage to people and objects to an acceptable level. 2.2.6
protection of environment
Environmental protection
GB/T 20000. 1—2002
Protect the environment from unacceptable damage caused by the influence and action of products, processes or services. 2.2.7
Product protection
Protect products from damage caused by climate or other adverse conditions during use, transportation or storage. 2.3 Types of normative documents
Normative document
normative document
Standard document (discarded)
A document that provides rules, guidelines or specified characteristics for various activities or their results. Note 1: "Normative document" is a general term for documents such as standards, technical specifications, procedures and regulations. Note 2: "Document\ can be understood as various media that record information. Note 3: The terms that define various normative documents define the document and its content as a single entity. 2.3.2
Standard
A normative document that is developed by consensus and approved by recognized organizations for common and repeated use in order to achieve the best order within a certain scope.
Note: Standards should be based on the comprehensive results of science, technology and experience, with the purpose of promoting the best common benefits. 2.3.2.1
Publicly available standards
Note: As standards, they are publicly available and, if necessary, can be amended or revised to keep pace with the latest technical level. Therefore, international standards, regional standards, national standards, industry standards and local standards can be regarded as recognized technical rules. 2. 3. 2. 1. 1
International standardinternational standardStandard adopted and publicly released by the International Organization for Standardization or the International Standards Organization. 2. 3. 2. 1. 2
Regional standardregional standard
Standard adopted and publicly released by the regional standardization organization or the regional standard organization. 2. 3. 2. 1. 3
National standardnational standard
Standard adopted and publicly released by the national standard organization. 2.3. 2. 1. 4
Provincial standardProvincial standard
Standard adopted and publicly released in a certain region of the country. 2.3.2.2
Other standards
Note: Standards may also be adopted on other bases, such as company standards. Such standards may affect several countries geographically. 2.3.3
Prestandard
A document temporarily adopted and publicly published by a standardization body for the purpose of gaining the necessary experience from its application before establishing a formal standard.
Technical specification technical specification A document that specifies the technical requirements to be met by a product, process or service. 229
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Note 1: Where appropriate, a technical specification should specify the procedures by which its requirements can be determined. Note 2: A technical specification may be a standard, a part of a standard or a document unrelated to a standard. 2.3.5
Code of practice
A document that recommends practices or procedures for the design, manufacture, installation, maintenance or use of equipment, components or products. Note: A regulation can be a standard, a part of a standard or a document unrelated to a standard. 2.3.6
regulation
A binding legal document adopted by an authority. 2.3.6.1
Technical regulation A regulation that specifies technical requirements, either directly or by reference to a standard, technical specification or regulation, or by incorporating the contents of a standard, technical specification or regulation into the regulation. Note: A technical regulation may be accompanied by technical guidance, listing certain ways that can be taken to comply with regulatory requirements, i.e., expedient clauses. 2.4 Body responsible for standards and regulations
Body
(responsible for standards and regulations> a legal or administrative entity with a specific mission and composition. Note: Bodies include: organizations, authorities, companies and associations. 2.4.2
organization
a body composed of other institutions or individuals with membership qualifications, with an established charter and its own administration. 2.4.3
standardizing body standardizing body a recognized body engaged in standardization activities. 2.4.3.1
regional standardizing organization a standardization organization whose membership is open only to relevant national institutions of countries within a certain geographical, political or economic region. 2.4.3.2
international standardizing organization a standardization organization whose membership is open to relevant national institutions of every country. 2.4.4
standards body
A standardization body recognized at the national, regional or international level whose primary function, as defined in its statutes, is to prepare, approve or adopt standards for public publication.
Note: A standards body may have other primary functions. 2.4.4.1
National standards bodynational standards bodyA standards body recognized at the national level that is eligible for national membership of the corresponding international and regional standards organizations. 2.4.4.2
Regional standards organizationregional standards organizationStandards organization whose membership is open only to the relevant national bodies of countries within a certain geographical, political or economic region. 230
International standards organizationInternational standards organizationStandards organization whose membership is open to the relevant national bodies of every country. 2.4.5
Authorityauthority
A body having legal powers and rights. Note: An authority may be regional, national or local. 2.4.5.1
Regulatory authority
Regulatory authority
The authority responsible for formulating or passing regulations. 2.4.5.2
Regulatory enforcement authority
The authority responsible for enforcing regulations.
Note: A regulatory enforcement authority may or may not be a regulator. 2.5 Types of standards
GB/T 20000. 1--2002
Note: The purpose of the following terms and definitions in this clause is neither to systematically classify standards nor to list all possible categories of standards, but only to give some common categories of standards. Standards in these categories are not mutually exclusive. For example, a specific product standard can also be regarded as a test standard if it specifies test methods for product characteristics. 2.5.1
Basic standard
A standard with a wide scope of application or containing general provisions in a specific field. Note: A basic standard can be directly applied or can serve as the basis for other standards. 2.5.2
Terminology standard
Terminology standard
Standard relating to terminology, usually with definitions and sometimes with notes, figures, examples, etc. 2.5.3
Testing standard
Standard relating to test methods, sometimes with other clauses relating to testing, such as sampling, application of statistical methods, test procedures. 2.5.4
product standard
Product standard
Standard that specifies the requirements that a product must meet to ensure its suitability for use. NOTE 1: In addition to the requirements for suitability, product standards may also include, directly or by reference, requirements for aspects such as terminology, sampling, testing, packaging and labelling, and sometimes also process requirements. NOTE 2: Product standards may be divided into complete standards and incomplete standards, depending on whether they specify all or part of the necessary requirements. Similarly, product standards may be divided into other different categories of standards, such as dimensional standards, material standards and general delivery technical specifications standards. 2.5.5
Eprocess standard
process standard
a standard that specifies the requirements that a process should meet to ensure its suitability for use. 2.5.6
service standard
service standard
a standard that specifies the requirements that a service should meet to ensure its suitability for use. NOTE Service standards may be prepared in areas such as laundry, hotel management, transportation, car maintenance, telecommunications, insurance, banking, trade. 231
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interface standardinterface standard
interface standard
a standard that specifies the requirements of products or systems relating to compatibility at their interconnected parts. 2.5.8
E standard on data to be provided
a standard that lists the characteristics of a product, process or service, but the specific values of the characteristics or other data are required to be specified separately according to the specification requirements or specific use requirements of the product, process or service. Note: Typically, some standards have data specified by the supplier, while other standards have data specified by the buyer. 2.6 Harmonization of standards
Note: The harmonization of technical regulations is similar to the harmonization of standards. The corresponding terms and definitions for the harmonization of technical regulations can be obtained by replacing "standards" in 2.6.1 to 2.6.9 with "technical regulations" and "standardization bodies" in 2.6.1 with "authority". 2.6.1
Harmonized standardsequivalent standards
Several standards with the following characteristics approved by different standardization bodies for the same standardization object, in accordance with which the products, processes or services provided are interchangeable and the test results or data provided can be mutually understood. Note: Harmonized standards that meet this definition may differ in terms of expression and even in terms of content, for example, in the guidance principles for meeting the requirements of the standard, in the preference of options and varieties and specifications, etc. 2.6.2
Unified standards
Harmonized standards with the same content but different forms of expression. 2.6.3
E identical standards
Equivalent standards
Harmonized standards with the same content and form of expression. Note 1: The numbers of identical standards may be different. Note 2: Equivalent standards in different languages are accurate translations of each other. 2.6.4
Internationally harmonized standardsInternationally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized with international standards.
Regional harmonized standardsRegionally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized with regional standards.
Multilaterally harmonized standardsMultilaterally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized between two or more standardization bodies. 2.6.7
Bilaterally harmonized standards
Standards harmonized between two standardization bodies. 2.6.8
E unilaterally aligned standard Unilaterally aligned standard
A standard aligned with another standard so that the products, processes, services, tests and information provided in accordance with it meet the requirements of the other standard, but not necessarily vice versa
Note: A unilaterally aligned standard is not aligned with the standard on which it is aligned. 2.6.9
Comparable standards
Comparable standards
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Standards with the following characteristics approved by different standardization bodies for the same product, process or service, which have the same specified characteristics and assessment methods, but different requirements for the characteristics, so that the differences in requirements can be clearly compared. Note: Comparable standards are not coordinated standards.
2.7 Contents of normative documents
Provision
The expression of the contents of normative documents is generally in the form of statements, instructions, recommendations or requirements. Note: These forms of clauses are distinguished by the wording used, for example: instructions are expressed in imperative sentences, recommendations are expressed with the auxiliary verb "should" and requirements are expressed with the auxiliary verb "shall"2.7.2
statement
A clause expressing information.
instruction
A clause expressing an action to be performed.
recommendation
A clause expressing advice or guidance.
reguirement
A clause expressing a criterion to be followed.
exclusiverequirementA requirement that must be followed in order to comply with the normative document. 2.7.5.2
optionalrequirement
A requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a specific choice allowed by the normative document. Note: Optional requirement can be:
a) one of two or more optional requirements; b) an additional requirement that must be met when applicable, but can be ignored when not applicable. 2.7.6
Deemed-to-satisfy provision A provision that specifies one or more ways to meet the requirements of a normative document. 2.7.7
Descriptive provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service feature. Note: Descriptive provisions usually use dimensions and material composition to express design, construction details, etc. 2.7.8
Performance provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service for its performance or performance related to use. 2.8Structure of normative documents
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Body
《In normative documents》A set of provisions that constitute the substantive content of a normative document. Note 1: For standards, the main body is the normative elements, which are composed of the normative general elements and normative technical elements of the standard. Note 2: For convenience, some parts of the main body of the normative document can be in the form of appendices (normative appendices), but other appendices (informative) can only be additional elements.
Additional element
additional element
Information included in the normative document without affecting its essential content. Note: For standards, additional elements are informative overview elements and informative supplementary elements, which can include: foreword, introduction, informative appendix, references, indexes and notes, etc.
2.9 Preparation of normative documents
Standards work planstandards programme The work schedule of the current standardization project listed by the standardization body. 2. 9. 1. 1
Standards projectstandards project
Specific work items within the standards work plan. 2.9.2
draft standard
draft standard
a standard document usually submitted for comment, voting (review) or approval. 2. 9.3
period of validity
the period during which a normative document is currently valid, i.e. the period from the date on which the body responsible for the document decides that the document will come into force (the "effective date") until the date on which it is revoked or replaced. 2.9.4
review
the review activity to decide whether a normative document should be confirmed, amended or revoked. 2.9.5
correction
the correction of typographical, linguistic and other similar errors in the text of a published normative document. Note: Where appropriate, the result of an errata may be the publication of a separate errata sheet or a new version of the normative document, as appropriate. 2.9.6
amendment
Modification, addition or deletion of specific parts of the content of a normative document. Note: The result of an amendment is generally the publication of an amendment to a separate normative document. 2.9.7
revision
Making comprehensive and necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of a revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 2343bzxZ.net
E identical standards
Equivalent standards
Harmonized standards with the same content and form of expression. Note 1: The numbers of identical standards may be different. Note 2: Equivalent standards in different languages are accurate translations of each other. 2.6.4
Internationally harmonized standardsInternationally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized with international standards.
Regional harmonized standardsRegionally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized with regional standards.
Multilaterally harmonized standardsMultilaterally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized between two or more standardization bodies. 2.6.7
Bilaterally harmonized standards
Standards harmonized between two standardization bodies. 2.6.8
E unilaterally aligned standard Unilaterally aligned standard
A standard aligned with another standard so that the products, processes, services, tests and information provided in accordance with it meet the requirements of the other standard, but not necessarily vice versa
Note: A unilaterally aligned standard is not aligned with the standard on which it is aligned. 2.6.9
Comparable standards
Comparable standards
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Standards with the following characteristics approved by different standardization bodies for the same product, process or service, which have the same specified characteristics and assessment methods, but different requirements for the characteristics, so that the differences in requirements can be clearly compared. Note: Comparable standards are not coordinated standards.
2.7 Contents of normative documents
Provision
The expression of the contents of normative documents is generally in the form of statements, instructions, recommendations or requirements. Note: These forms of clauses are distinguished by the wording used, for example: instructions are expressed in imperative sentences, recommendations are expressed with the auxiliary verb "should" and requirements are expressed with the auxiliary verb "shall"2.7.2
statement
A clause expressing information.
instruction
A clause expressing an action to be performed.
recommendation
A clause expressing advice or guidance.
reguirement
A clause expressing a criterion to be followed.
exclusiverequirementA requirement that must be followed in order to comply with the normative document. 2.7.5.2
optionalrequirement
A requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a specific choice allowed by the normative document. Note: Optional requirement can be:
a) one of two or more optional requirements; b) an additional requirement that must be met when applicable, but can be ignored when not applicable. 2.7.6
Deemed-to-satisfy provision A provision that specifies one or more ways to meet the requirements of a normative document. 2.7.7
Descriptive provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service feature. Note: Descriptive provisions usually use dimensions and material composition to express design, construction details, etc. 2.7.8
Performance provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service for its performance or performance related to use. 2.8Structure of normative documents
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Body
《In normative documents》A set of provisions that constitute the substantive content of a normative document. Note 1: For standards, the main body is the normative elements, which are composed of the normative general elements and normative technical elements of the standard. Note 2: For convenience, some parts of the main body of the normative document can be in the form of appendices (normative appendices), but other appendices (informative) can only be additional elements.
Additional element
additional element
Information included in the normative document without affecting its essential content. Note: For standards, additional elements are informative overview elements and informative supplementary elements, which can include: foreword, introduction, informative appendix, references, indexes and notes, etc.
2.9 Preparation of normative documents
Standards work planstandards programme The work schedule of the current standardization project listed by the standardization body. 2. 9. 1. 1
Standards projectstandards project
Specific work items within the standards work plan. 2.9.2
draft standard
draft standard
a standard document usually submitted for comment, voting (review) or approval. 2. 9.3
period of validity
the period during which a normative document is currently valid, i.e. the period from the date on which the body responsible for the document decides that the document will come into force (the "effective date") until the date on which it is revoked or replaced. 2.9.4
review
the review activity to decide whether a normative document should be confirmed, amended or revoked. 2.9.5
correction
the correction of typographical, linguistic and other similar errors in the text of a published normative document. Note: Where appropriate, the result of an errata may be the publication of a separate errata sheet or a new version of the normative document, as appropriate. 2.9.6
amendment
Modification, addition or deletion of specific parts of the content of a normative document. Note: The result of an amendment is generally the publication of an amendment to a separate normative document. 2.9.7
revision
Making comprehensive and necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of a revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 2343
E identical standards
Equivalent standards
Harmonized standards with the same content and form of expression. Note 1: The numbers of identical standards may be different. Note 2: Equivalent standards in different languages are accurate translations of each other. 2.6.4
Internationally harmonized standardsInternationally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized with international standards.
Regional harmonized standardsRegionally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized with regional standards.
Multilaterally harmonized standardsMultilaterally harmonized standardsStandards harmonized between two or more standardization bodies. 2.6.7
Bilaterally harmonized standards
Standards harmonized between two standardization bodies. 2.6.8
E unilaterally aligned standard Unilaterally aligned standard
A standard aligned with another standard so that the products, processes, services, tests and information provided in accordance with it meet the requirements of the other standard, but not necessarily vice versa
Note: A unilaterally aligned standard is not aligned with the standard on which it is aligned. 2.6.9
Comparable standards
Comparable standards
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Standards with the following characteristics approved by different standardization bodies for the same product, process or service, which have the same specified characteristics and assessment methods, but different requirements for the characteristics, so that the differences in requirements can be clearly compared. Note: Comparable standards are not coordinated standards.
2.7 Contents of normative documents
Provision
The expression of the contents of normative documents is generally in the form of statements, instructions, recommendations or requirements. Note: These forms of clauses are distinguished by the wording used, for example: instructions are expressed in imperative sentences, recommendations are expressed with the auxiliary verb "should" and requirements are expressed with the auxiliary verb "shall"2.7.2
statement
A clause expressing information.
instruction
A clause expressing an action to be performed.
recommendation
A clause expressing advice or guidance.
reguirement
A clause expressing a criterion to be followed.
exclusiverequirementA requirement that must be followed in order to comply with the normative document. 2.7.5.2
optionalrequirement
A requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a specific choice allowed by the normative document. Note: Optional requirement can be:
a) one of two or more optional requirements; b) an additional requirement that must be met when applicable, but can be ignored when not applicable. 2.7.6
Deemed-to-satisfy provision A provision that specifies one or more ways to meet the requirements of a normative document. 2.7.7
Descriptive provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service feature. Note: Descriptive provisions usually use dimensions and material composition to express design, construction details, etc. 2.7.8
Performance provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service for its performance or performance related to use. 2.8Structure of normative documents
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Body
《In normative documents》A set of provisions that constitute the substantive content of a normative document. Note 1: For standards, the main body is the normative elements, which are composed of the normative general elements and normative technical elements of the standard. Note 2: For convenience, some parts of the main body of the normative document can be in the form of appendices (normative appendices), but other appendices (informative) can only be additional elements.
Additional element
additional element
Information included in the normative document without affecting its essential content. Note: For standards, additional elements are informative overview elements and informative supplementary elements, which can include: foreword, introduction, informative appendix, references, indexes and notes, etc.
2.9 Preparation of normative documents
Standards work planstandards programme The work schedule of the current standardization project listed by the standardization body. 2. 9. 1. 1
Standards projectstandards project
Specific work items within the standards work plan. 2.9.2
draft standard
draft standard
a standard document usually submitted for comment, voting (review) or approval. 2. 9.3
period of validity
the period during which a normative document is currently valid, i.e. the period from the date on which the body responsible for the document decides that the document will come into force (the "effective date") until the date on which it is revoked or replaced. 2.9.4
review
the review activity to decide whether a normative document should be confirmed, amended or revoked. 2.9.5
correction
the correction of typographical, linguistic and other similar errors in the text of a published normative document. Note: Where appropriate, the result of an errata may be the publication of a separate errata sheet or a new version of the normative document, as appropriate. 2.9.6
amendment
Modification, addition or deletion of specific parts of the content of a normative document. Note: The result of an amendment is generally the publication of an amendment to a separate normative document. 2.9.7
revision
Making comprehensive and necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of a revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 2347Contents of normative documents
Provision
The expression of the contents of normative documents generally takes the form of statements, instructions, recommendations or requirements. Note: These forms of clauses are distinguished by the wording used, for example: instructions are expressed in imperative sentences, recommendations are expressed with the auxiliary verb "should", and requirements are expressed with the auxiliary verb "shall"2.7.2
statement
A clause expressing information.
instruction
A clause expressing an action to be performed.
recommendation
A clause expressing advice or guidance.
reguirement
A clause expressing a criterion to be followed.
exclusiverequirementA requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a normative document. 2.7.5.2
optionalrequirement
A requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a specific choice allowed by a normative document. Note: Optional requirement can be:
a) one of two or more optional requirements; b) an additional requirement that must be met when applicable, but can be ignored when not applicable. 2.7.6
Deemed-to-satisfy provision A provision that specifies one or more ways to meet the requirements of a normative document. 2.7.7
Descriptive provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service feature. Note: Descriptive provisions usually use dimensions and material composition to express design, construction details, etc. 2.7.8
Performance provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service for its performance or performance related to use. 2.8Structure of normative documents
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Body
《In normative documents》A set of provisions that constitute the substantive content of a normative document. Note 1: For standards, the main body is the normative elements, which are composed of the normative general elements and normative technical elements of the standard. Note 2: For convenience, some parts of the main body of the normative document can be in the form of appendices (normative appendices), but other appendices (informative) can only be additional elements.
Additional element
additional element
Information included in the normative document without affecting its essential content. Note: For standards, additional elements are informative overview elements and informative supplementary elements, which can include: foreword, introduction, informative appendix, references, indexes and notes, etc.
2.9 Preparation of normative documents
Standards work planstandards programme The work schedule of the current standardization project listed by the standardization body. 2. 9. 1. 1
Standards projectstandards project
Specific work items within the standards work plan. 2.9.2
draft standard
draft standard
a standard document usually submitted for comment, voting (review) or approval. 2. 9.3
period of validity
the period during which a normative document is currently valid, i.e. the period from the date on which the body responsible for the document decides that the document will come into force (the "effective date") until the date on which it is revoked or replaced. 2.9.4
review
the review activity to decide whether a normative document should be confirmed, amended or revoked. 2.9.5
correction
the correction of typographical, linguistic and other similar errors in the text of a published normative document. Note: Where appropriate, the result of an errata may be the publication of a separate errata sheet or a new version of the normative document, as appropriate. 2.9.6
amendment
Modification, addition or deletion of specific parts of the content of a normative document. Note: The result of an amendment is generally the publication of an amendment to a separate normative document. 2.9.7
revision
Making comprehensive and necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of a revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 2347Contents of normative documents
Provision
The expression of the contents of normative documents generally takes the form of statements, instructions, recommendations or requirements. Note: These forms of clauses are distinguished by the wording used, for example: instructions are expressed in imperative sentences, recommendations are expressed with the auxiliary verb "should", and requirements are expressed with the auxiliary verb "shall"2.7.2
statement
A clause expressing information.
instruction
A clause expressing an action to be performed.
recommendation
A clause expressing advice or guidance.
reguirement
A clause expressing a criterion to be followed.
exclusiverequirementA requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a normative document. 2.7.5.2
optionalrequirement
A requirement that must be followed in order to comply with a specific choice allowed by a normative document. Note: Optional requirement can be:
a) one of two or more optional requirements; b) an additional requirement that must be met when applicable, but can be ignored when not applicable. 2.7.6
Deemed-to-satisfy provision A provision that specifies one or more ways to meet the requirements of a normative document. 2.7.7
Descriptive provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service feature. Note: Descriptive provisions usually use dimensions and material composition to express design, construction details, etc. 2.7.8
Performance provision A provision that relates to the suitability of a product, process or service for its performance or performance related to use. 2.8Structure of normative documents
GB/T 20000. 1---2002
Body
《In normative documents》A set of provisions that constitute the substantive content of a normative document. Note 1: For standards, the main body is the normative elements, which are composed of the normative general elements and normative technical elements of the standard. Note 2: For convenience, some parts of the main body of the normative document can be in the form of appendices (normative appendices), but other appendices (informative) can only be additional elements.
Additional element
additional element
Information included in the normative document without affecting its essential content. Note: For standards, additional elements are informative overview elements and informative supplementary elements, which can include: foreword, introduction, informative appendix, references, indexes and notes, etc.
2.9 Preparation of normative documents
Standards work planstandards programme The work schedule of the current standardization project listed by the standardization body. 2. 9. 1. 1
Standards projectstandards project
Specific work items within the standards work plan. 2.9.2
draft standard
draft standard
a standard document usually submitted for comment, voting (review) or approval. 2. 9.3
period of validity
the period during which a normative document is currently valid, i.e. the period from the date on which the body responsible for the document decides that the document will come into force (the "effective date") until the date on which it is revoked or replaced. 2.9.4
review
the review activity to decide whether a normative document should be confirmed, amended or revoked. 2.9.5
correction
the correction of typographical, linguistic and other similar errors in the text of a published normative document. Note: Where appropriate, the result of an errata may be the publication of a separate errata sheet or a new version of the normative document, as appropriate. 2.9.6
amendment
Modification, addition or deletion of specific parts of the content of a normative document. Note: The result of an amendment is generally the publication of an amendment to a separate normative document. 2.9.7
revision
Making comprehensive and necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of a revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 2347
Revisionrevision
Make all necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 2347
Revisionrevision
Make all necessary changes to the substantive content and expression of a normative document. Note: The result of revision is the publication of a new version of a normative document. 2.9.8
reprint
A new printout of a normative document without any changes. 234
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